This standard specifies the requirements necessary to minimize the fire hazard caused by reciprocating internal combustion engines, including the engine and its installed parts and auxiliary equipment. When necessary, special requirements may be put forward for engines for specific purposes. The requirements put forward in this standard are not intended to enable the engine to continue to operate during or after a fire. This standard applies to reciprocating internal combustion engines for land, railway traction and marine use, but does not include engines driving agricultural tractors, road vehicles, road construction machinery and earth-moving machinery and aviation. This standard may also be applied to engines driving industrial trucks and small ships, as well as reciprocating internal combustion engines for other purposes for which there is no suitable fire protection standard. In addition to the engines for the above purposes, this standard can also be used as the basis for engine application standards. GB 4556-2001 Fire protection of reciprocating internal combustion engines GB4556-2001 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

GB 4556--2001
This standard is equivalent to ISO6826:1997 "Fire protection for reciprocating internal combustion engines". GB4556-1984 "Fire protection for reciprocating internal combustion engines" is revised. The technical content of this standard is the same as ISO6826:1997, and the writing format is consistent with GB/T1.1-1993 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Unit 1: Rules for Drafting and Presentation of Standards Part 1: Basic Provisions for Standard Writing". From the date of implementation, this standard will replace GB/T4556-1.984. Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are both informative appendices. This standard was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Internal Combustion Engines. The drafting units of this standard are: Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Research Institute, Shanghai Diesel Engine Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are: Qu Junming, Jiang Liqing, Zhuang Guogang, Du Renfang, Lu Yifei. This standard was first issued in 1984.
GB4556--2001
ISO Foreword
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is a global federation composed of national standardization organizations (ISO member groups). The work of formulating international standards is generally carried out by ISO technical committees. Each member group has the right to send representatives to participate in the technical committee established for a subject if it is interested in that subject. Governmental or non-governmental international organizations can also participate in this work by contacting ISO. ISO and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) have close cooperation in all aspects of electrotechnical standardization. The draft international standards adopted by the technical committee are distributed to the member groups for voting. At least 75% of the member groups must vote in favor before they can be published as international standards.
International Standard ISO6826 was formulated by the Special Requirements Subcommittee (SC5) of the International Organization for Standardization Technical Committee for Internal Combustion Engines (ISO/TC70).
The second edition of this standard has been modified in terms of technical content, abolishing and replacing the first edition (ISO6826:1982). Appendices A and B of this standard are for reference only. 839
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Reciprocating internal combustion engines
Reciprocating internal combustion engines-Fire protectionGB 4556—2001
idt ISO 6826:1997
Replaces GB/T4556--1984
This standard specifies the requirements for minimizing the fire hazard caused by reciprocating internal combustion engines, including the engine and its components and auxiliary equipment. Where necessary, special requirements may also be made for engines for specific purposes. The requirements set out in this standard are not intended to enable the engine to continue to operate during or after a fire. This standard applies to reciprocating internal combustion engines for land, railway traction and marine use, but does not include engines for driving agricultural tractors, road vehicles, road construction machinery and earth-moving machinery and aviation.
This standard may also be applied to engines used to drive industrial trucks and small ships, as well as reciprocating internal combustion engines for other purposes for which no appropriate fire protection standards are yet available.
This standard may also be used as the basis for engine application standards other than those for the above purposes. 2 Referenced Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. The versions shown are valid when this standard is published. All standards are subject to revision, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. ISO7840:1994 Fire-resistant fuel hose for small vessels IS8846:1990 Fire protection of flammable gases around electrical equipment in small vessels ISO10088:1992 Fixed fuel systems and fixed fuel tanks for small vessels IEC79-0:1983 Explosion-proof electrical equipment Part 0: General requirements 3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions:
3.1 Fire resistance: The property of a component or assembly to meet the fire stability, fire integrity and/or other required fire resistance characteristics within a specified period of time under standard fire test conditions (see 7.1). 4 Other provisions and requirements
4.1 For engines for ships and offshore installations that must comply with the classification society's rules, the additional requirements of the classification society shall be complied with. The customer shall declare the classification society before ordering.
For unclassified engines, these additional requirements shall in all cases be agreed upon by the manufacturer and the customer. 4.2 If special requirements are to be met by other relevant authorities (e.g. testing and/or legislative bodies), the customer should state the relevant authorities before placing an order.
Any further additional requirements shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the customer. Approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China on September 15, 2001 840
Implementation on April 1, 2002
5 General Provisions
GB 4556—2001
This standard provides a means to achieve the necessary safety requirements and to promote mutual communication and understanding between engine manufacturers and customers. The application of this standard shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the customer. Fire protection measures vary greatly depending on the type and purpose of the engine. Therefore, it is neither necessary nor required to adopt all of these measures for every engine.
For this reason, engines delivered in accordance with this standard shall at least comply with the basic fire protection level of this standard (see Chapter 6). In this case, the fire protection mark of the engine is:
Fire protection GB4556 (English mark: Fire protection ISO6826) If for a specific purpose, in order to provide the necessary safety requirements, some additional requirements are required (i.e., the special requirements specified in Chapter 7), then the appropriate characteristic code can be added after "GB4556\" to specify. In this case, the engine will adopt all basic fire protection level measures and additional protection measures specified by the selected characteristic code. The special requirements selected according to the characteristic codes A, B, etc. should be agreed upon by the manufacturer and the customer. For this purpose, the format given in Table A1 is intended to be used as a special requirements communication table. Table A2 is a table of reference terms for special requirements. Example:
If an engine for a specific purpose needs to meet the basic fire protection level and several special requirements selected according to this standard (characteristic codes C, K and P), its fire protection mark is:
Fire protection GB4556-CKP (English mark: Fire protection ISo6826-CKP) Special The characteristic code, such as CKP, should be expressed in alphabetical order. 6 Basic fire protection level of the engine
The methods and design details required to meet the basic fire protection level characteristics are the responsibility of the engine manufacturer. 6.1 Instructions for use
The manufacturer shall provide instructions for the installation (if necessary), operation and maintenance of the engine. The instructions shall include inspection procedures to maintain the integrity of the engine and flammable liquid system, the basic fire protection level characteristics and the special requirements required. Special attention should be paid to checking that hoses and pipe connections are not exposed to heat, Damage due to vibration. www.bzxz.net
Gasoline and gas engines should be operated in well-ventilated places to avoid explosions caused by fuel leakage. 6.2 Engine fuel filling regulations
When filling the engine with flammable liquids, the regulations described in the instruction manual should be followed. Flammable liquids must not come into contact with high-temperature surfaces, electrical components or rotating parts.
6.3 Drain valves and stop valves
Drain valves and stop valve accessories should be installed in locations that are easy to operate and maintain. 7 Special requirements for engines
7. 1 Fire resistance
7.1.130min fire resistance test (characteristic code: A) All parts containing flammable liquids shall be able to be exposed to flames without leakage. Flexible pipes and hoses shall be subjected to a water delivery test at 80°C ± 5°C at the maximum operating pressure to check whether they can be exposed to a flame of 800°C ± 50°C for 30min without leakage. 7.1.22.5min fire resistance test (characteristic code: B) All parts containing flammable liquids shall be able to be exposed to a flame of free burning fuel for 2.5min without leakage. For typical test procedures, see IS) 7840 and IS () 10088. 7.2 Protection of electrical components (characteristic code: C) The electrical components of spark ignition engines shall be designed so that they will not ignite the surrounding flammable gases during operation. Test procedures and requirements 841
GB 4556-2001
See ISO8846. Components should continue to be used after being subjected to fire and explosion, see IEC79-0. 7.3 Flammable liquid pipelines
7.3.1 Pipeline design and installation (Characteristic code: D) Pipelines should be designed or installed to prevent leaking flammable liquids from dripping or splashing onto hot surfaces, rotating parts and electrical components or entering the intake system of compression ignition engines. Example:
1 Fuel and lubricating oil pipelines, especially pipe joints, should be kept away from hot surfaces, electrical components or intake ports. 2 In particular, small pipes such as those used for pressure signal transmission should be shielded or reinforced for local protection. 3 Drain valves installed on pipelines or components containing flammable liquids should be locked by appropriate means to prevent accidental opening. 7.3.2 Pipe fittings (Characteristic code: E)
The number of removable pipe fittings should be kept to a minimum as required. 7.4 Protection of high-pressure fuel systems (Characteristic code: F) The arrangement and (or) protection of high-pressure fuel injection pipelines should prevent leaks from contacting hot surfaces, rotating parts, electrical components and intake systems. Leak detection and drainage methods should be provided. 7.5 Protection of hydraulic systems (Characteristic code: G) The arrangement and (or) protection of hydraulic pipelines with a pressure exceeding 60 bar should be such that leakage does not come into contact with high-temperature surfaces, rotating parts, electrical components and the air intake system. Methods for leak detection and drainage should be provided. 7.6 Drain valves (Characteristic code: H)
The drain valves of each system containing flammable liquids should be opened manually and their positions should be able to discharge flammable liquids without allowing them to come into contact with high-temperature surfaces, rotating parts, electrical components and the air intake system. 7.7 Flammable liquid filters
7.7.1 Filter arrangement (Characteristic code: J) The arrangement and (or) protection of flammable liquid filters should be such that, in the event of leakage, flammable liquids do not come into contact with high-temperature surfaces, rotating parts, electrical components and the air intake system. 7.7.2 Filter drip pan (Characteristic code: K) When setting up filters, drip pans and (or) troughs should be installed to guide flammable liquids that overflow during use away from hot surfaces, rotating parts, electrical components and intake systems.
7.8 Hot surfaces (Characteristic code: 1.)
7.8.1 The engine exhaust system and all other parts should be cooled and (or) insulated so that the temperature of the external surface does not cause the leaking flammable liquid to reach the level of ignition (auto-ignition temperature). Examples of auto-ignition temperatures:
Diesel: 220 (,
Lubricating oil: 380C;
Hydraulic oil: 380C;
Gasoline: 260C (vaporizes at 225C). 7.8.2 Insulating materials should be non-flammable and should be protected by appropriate means, such as thin metal plates, hard shields or other impermeable materials, to prevent the intrusion of flammable liquids.
7.9 Engine exhaust protection (Characteristic code: M) The engine exhaust system should be equipped with a spark arrester or other device that is appropriately designed to act as a spark arrester. Note: Turbochargers The device can be regarded as a spark arrester. 7.10 Intake system flame control
7.10.7 Intake system fire prevention (characteristic code: N) The engine intake system should be designed or equipped with a flame arrester to ensure that the fire or explosion inside the intake system will not spread to the atmosphere around the engine.
7.10.2 Intake system fire alarm (characteristic code: P) GB4556-2001
Spark ignition and two-stroke simple piston compression ignition engines should have an intake system fire alarm device installed in their intake systems. 7.10.3 Intake system drain device (Characteristic code: Q) Two-stroke crosshead engines should be equipped with a device that can discharge flammable liquids when a flammable mixture is produced in the intake system. 7.11 Crankcase flame control
7.17.1 Crankcase breather flame control (Characteristic code: R) The crankcase breather should be designed or equipped with a flame arrester to ensure that a crankcase fire or explosion does not spread to the atmosphere around the engine. 7.11.2 Crankcase explosion-proof valve flame control (Characteristic code: S) Many large engines are equipped with crankcase explosion-proof valves to reduce the damage that may be caused by a crankcase explosion. When it is necessary to reduce the risk of fire caused by a crankcase explosion When there is a risk of fire, a flame arrester should be installed. Note: For some engines that require workers to approach the fuselage for maintenance work during operation, it is usually required to install this explosion-proof valve. 7.12 Indicator valve flame control (Characteristic code: T) When designing the cylinder head indicator valve, flames should be avoided when it is opened. 7.13 Flexible connectors for starting the engine by directly entering the cylinder with air (Characteristic code: U) Flexible connectors of pipelines (bellows, flexible hoses) that are under starting air pressure for a long time should be able to withstand internal explosions. 8-13
Characteristic code
Engine use
30 min fire resistance test
2.5 min fire resistance test
Protection of electrical components
Flammable liquid pipelines
Pipeline design and installation
GB 4556-—2001
Appendix A
(Suggestive Appendix)
Special Requirements Communication Table Format
Protection Characteristics of Engine Specified Purpose
Characteristic Code
Table A2 Characteristic Codes and Reference Clauses for Special RequirementsSpecial Requirements
Protection of High-Pressure Fuel System
Protection of High-Pressure Hydraulic System
Drain Valve
Flammable Liquid Filter
Filter Setting
Filter Drip pan
High temperature surface
Engine exhaust protection
Intake system flame control
Intake system fire protection
Intake system fire alarm
Intake system drain device
Crankcase flame control
Crankcase breather flame control
Crankcase explosion-proof valve flame control
Indicator valve flame control
Flexible connection for starting the engine by direct air into the cylinder Clause number
[11 ISO 3261:1975
Fire test
Vocabulary.
GB4556—2001
(Suggested Appendix)
Art examination literature7 Intake system fire prevention (characteristic code: N) The engine intake system should be designed or equipped with a flame arrester to ensure that the fire or explosion inside the intake system does not spread to the atmosphere around the engine.
7.10.2 Intake system fire alarm (characteristic code: P) GB4556-2001
The intake system of spark ignition and two-stroke simple piston compression ignition engines should be equipped with an intake system fire alarm. 7.10.3 Intake system drain device (characteristic code: Q) Two-stroke crosshead engines should be equipped with a device that can drain flammable liquids when a flammable mixture is produced in the intake system. 7.11 Crankcase flame control
7.17.1 Crankcase breather flame control (characteristic code: R) The crankcase breather should be designed or equipped with a flame arrester to ensure that the crankcase fire or explosion does not spread to the atmosphere around the engine. 7.11.2 Crankcase explosion-proof valve flame control (characteristic code: S) Many large engines are equipped with crankcase explosion-proof valves to reduce the damage that may be caused by crankcase explosion. When it is necessary to reduce the risk of fire caused by crankcase explosion, flame arresters should be installed. Note: For some engines that require personnel to approach the fuselage for maintenance and repair work during operation, it is usually required to install such explosion-proof valves. 7.12 Power indicator valve flame control (characteristic code: T) When designing the cylinder head power indicator valve, it should be avoided that flames will be ejected when it is opened. 7.13 Flexible connectors for starting engines using air directly into the cylinder (characteristic code: U) Flexible connectors (bellows, flexible hoses) of pipelines that are under starting air pressure for a long time should be able to withstand internal explosions. 8-13
Characteristic code
Engine use
30 min fire resistance test
2.5 min fire resistance test
Protection of electrical components
Flammable liquid pipelines
Pipeline design and installation
GB 4556-—2001
Appendix A
(Suggestive appendix)
Special requirements communication table format
Protection characteristics of specified engine use
Characteristic code
Table A2 Characteristic codes and reference clauses of special requirementsSpecial requirements
Protection of high-pressure fuel system
Protection of high-pressure hydraulic system
Drain valve
Flammable liquid filter
Filter setting
Filter Drip pan
High temperature surface
Engine exhaust protection
Intake system flame control
Intake system fire protection
Intake system fire alarm
Intake system drain device
Crankcase flame control
Crankcase breather flame control
Crankcase explosion-proof valve flame control
Indicator valve flame control
Flexible connection for starting the engine by direct air into the cylinder Clause number
[11 ISO 3261:1975
Fire test
Vocabulary.
GB4556—2001
(Suggested Appendix)
Art examination literature7 Intake system fire prevention (characteristic code: N) The engine intake system should be designed or equipped with a flame arrester to ensure that the fire or explosion inside the intake system does not spread to the atmosphere around the engine.
7.10.2 Intake system fire alarm (characteristic code: P) GB4556-2001
The intake system of spark ignition and two-stroke simple piston compression ignition engines should be equipped with an intake system fire alarm. 7.10.3 Intake system drain device (characteristic code: Q) Two-stroke crosshead engines should be equipped with a device that can drain flammable liquids when a flammable mixture is produced in the intake system. 7.11 Crankcase flame control
7.17.1 Crankcase breather flame control (characteristic code: R) The crankcase breather should be designed or equipped with a flame arrester to ensure that the crankcase fire or explosion does not spread to the atmosphere around the engine. 7.11.2 Crankcase explosion-proof valve flame control (characteristic code: S) Many large engines are equipped with crankcase explosion-proof valves to reduce the damage that may be caused by crankcase explosion. When it is necessary to reduce the risk of fire caused by crankcase explosion, flame arresters should be installed. Note: For some engines that require personnel to approach the fuselage for maintenance and repair work during operation, it is usually required to install such explosion-proof valves. 7.12 Power indicator valve flame control (characteristic code: T) When designing the cylinder head power indicator valve, it should be avoided that flames will be ejected when it is opened. 7.13 Flexible connectors for starting engines using air directly into the cylinder (characteristic code: U) Flexible connectors (bellows, flexible hoses) of pipelines that are under starting air pressure for a long time should be able to withstand internal explosions. 8-13
Characteristic code
Engine use
30 min fire resistance test
2.5 min fire resistance test
Protection of electrical components
Flammable liquid pipelines
Pipeline design and installation
GB 4556-—2001
Appendix A
(Suggestive appendix)
Special requirements communication table format
Protection characteristics of specified engine use
Characteristic code
Table A2 Characteristic codes and reference clauses of special requirementsSpecial requirements
Protection of high-pressure fuel system
Protection of high-pressure hydraulic system
Drain valve
Flammable liquid filter
Filter setting
Filter Drip pan
High temperature surface
Engine exhaust protection
Intake system flame control
Intake system fire protection
Intake system fire alarm
Intake system drain device
Crankcase flame control
Crankcase breather flame control
Crankcase explosion-proof valve flame control
Indicator valve flame control
Flexible connection for starting the engine by direct air into the cylinder Clause number
[11 ISO 3261:1975
Fire test
Vocabulary.
GB4556—2001
(Suggested Appendix)
Art examination literature
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