HG 20523-1992 Uniform regulations for the design of water treatment and chlorination facilities in chemical enterprises
Some standard content:
Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China
Design Uniform Provisions for Chlorination Facilities for Water Treatment in Chemical Enterprises
20523-92
Editor: Shanghai Chemical Engineering Design Institute
Approval Department: Ministry of Chemical Industry
Editorial Center for Engineering Construction Standards of the Ministry of Chemical Industry
1992 Beijing
1 General Principles
1.0.1 In order to have a unified principle for the use of chlorination methods for sterilization and algae removal in the design of water treatment projects in chemical enterprises, this regulation is specially formulated. 1.0.2 This regulation applies to the design of chlorination facilities for the treatment of circulating cooling water, industrial recycled water, domestic drinking water, domestic sewage, etc. in newly built, rebuilt or expanded chemical enterprises. 1.0.3 Recycled wastewater should be disinfected according to the nature of the wastewater and the requirements of the recycled water quality.
1.0.4 In the circulating cooling water treatment system, in order to prevent the circulating water from producing biological slime, the circulating water should be sterilized and algae removed.
1.0.5 To protect human health and prevent the spread of diseases, all drinking water, regardless of the scale of water purification, water purification methods and methods, must be strictly disinfected and should be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB5749-85 "Sanitary Standards for Drinking Water" issued by the Ministry of Health of my country. 1.0.6 All sewage contaminated by infectious bacteria and viruses must be specially disinfected according to the requirements of the health department.
1.0.7 All sewage contaminated by human and animal feces should be equipped with disinfection facilities based on the nature of the sewage and the conditions of the receiving water body, taking into account its sanitary requirements. 1.0.8 In addition to complying with these regulations, the design of chlorination facilities for water treatment projects of chemical enterprises should also comply with the relevant provisions of relevant standards and specifications issued by the state. 31
2 Selection of chlorine agents
The selection of chlorine agents should be determined based on the amount of water to be treated, operation management, safety requirements, supply conditions, performance of the agent, cost and other factors. Liquid chlorine is preferred, but other chlorine agents can also be used.
The properties of commonly used chlorine agents are shown in Table 2.0.2.
The properties of commonly used oxygen agents
One customer called ·
Liquid fluorine Cl2
Sodium hypofluorite
Yellow-green, irritating, toxic,
Easily soluble in water,
Good bactericidal and algaecidal effects, residual chlorine has a continuous bactericidal effect
Light yellow liquid, alkaline, unstable
, the agent increases with storage time
Effective chlorine content
Chlorine filling The installation is simple and the dosage is accurate. The chlorine bottle should be kept away from high heat and direct sunlight. Pay attention to safety when using it to prevent chlorine leakage. The maximum allowable concentration in the air is 1mg/m3. General solution. The commercial dosing equipment is simple and the operation is relatively safe. The product is 10%~～12%. The generator will reduce the effective gas and is generally used for times!
Homemade solution 6
11mg/ml
Sodium oxychloride generator is used while producing, and stored away from light
Bleaching powder
lCaoci
Bleaching powder essence
Ca(OCI)
White powder, alkaline, with lasting
bactericidal effect, bleaching powder sediment wheel
Bleaching powder is
20%~ 30%
Bleaching powder is
60%～70%
full, the generator is self-made and the equipment is complex,
the amount is small, it needs to consume electricity and salt,
safety and explosion-proof measures
bleaching powder dissolution equipment is large, the dosing
equipment is simple, and the operation is safer
Note: When the raw water contains more organic substances, chlorine will produce harmful organic chlorides to the human body after adding chlorine. 32
2.3 Factors affecting the sterilization and algaecide effect of oxygen agents 2.3.1 The effect is best when the pH value is 6～~7, and the effect is significantly weakened above 7.5. 2.3.2 Ammonia nitrogen and reducing substances in water need to consume chlorine, and chlorine combines with ammonia to form chloramine, which will reduce the sterilization and algaecide effect.
2.3.3Contact time is related to the amount of chlorine added.
2.3.4 Long-term use in circulating cooling water affects the effect. 2.0.4 For the transportation, injection, storage and production of chlorine agents, corresponding safety precautions must be taken.
3 Dosing and calculation of chlorine agents
To ensure the safe use and accurate measurement of liquid chlorine, chlorinating machines must be used to add liquid 3.0.1
3.0.2 Selection of the location of chlorination points
3.0.2.1 Circulating cooling water
Generally, it is added to the water pool under the tower.
3.0.2.2 The chlorination points for drinking water have the following locations according to different requirements: (1) Pre-chlorination of raw water
Generally, it is added before the pump. It has the functions of oxidizing organic matter, sterilizing and killing algae, promoting flocculation, reducing color and odor, and removing iron and manganese, but the chlorine consumption is relatively large. (2) Chlorine before filtration
Generally, it is added between the sedimentation tank and the filter tank. Its function is to reduce color, odor, remove algae and protect the filter material.
Chlorine after filtration
Generally, it is added between the filter tank outlet and the clear water tank. Its function is disinfection. 3.0.2.3 Chlorination point of discharged sewage and wastewater: The location of the dosing point must ensure a certain contact time. Calculation of oxygen addition
The designed chlorine addition amount should be determined by operating experience or experiments based on the raw water quality and the water quality requirements for water use.
3.3.2 The chlorination amount of drinking water is based on the free residual chlorine concentration at the end of the pipe network not less than 0.05mg/1. The chlorination amount of circulating water is generally controlled to control the free residual chlorine content to 0.5~1mg/1. The general chlorination amount can be seen in Table 3.3.2.
3.3.3 The functional requirements of mixing and contact facilities are sufficient mixing after chlorination, and the contact tank should have a good mixing structure.
The outlet of the chlorine injection device should be located 2/3 below the normal water level. Experience value of fluoride addition
Drinking water
Yiyi water source
Circulating cooling water
Domestic sewage
Industrial reuse water
Chlorination location
Fluorination before filtration
Chlorination after filtration
Chlorination in the pool
Effluent from sedimentation treatment
Effluent from biological treatment
Determined by test according to the nature of wastewater and
Different uses of reuse water
Chlorination direction The formula is generally impact-type, added 1 to 2 times a day, 2 to 3 hours each time. The calculation formula for chlorine dosage is: G100·Q·a1000-C Wherein: G—chlorine dosage, kg/h; Q--design water volume m\/h; a--maximum chlorine addition, mg/1 (see Table 3.3.2); —-effective chlorine content, % (see Table 2.0.2). C
Chlorine dosage
Contact time
(measured by circulating water volume)
3.4 Capacity selection and standby of oxygenator
3.4.1 The capacity of chlorinator shall be determined according to the calculated maximum chlorine dosage. The model shall be selected according to the use requirements, characteristics and performance of chlorinator. The number of chlorinators shall be adapted to the changes in the volume and quality of treated water.
3.4.2 There shall be no less than two chlorinators, and the standby rate shall be 50%~~100%. The structure of chlorinator shall be accurate in dosage, corrosion-resistant, excellent in performance and easy to maintain. 3.4.3
Capacity selection and standby of sodium hypochlorite generator 3.5
Capacity selection and standby requirements of sodium hypochlorite generator are the same as those of chlorinator. 3.5.1
3.6 Design of oxygenation room (including cyanide bottle room) The chlorination room should be as close to the chlorination point as possible, and the distance should not be greater than 30m, and it can be built together with the chlorination bottle room.
3.6.2 The chlorination room must be separated from other work rooms, and should have an outward opening door directly leading to the outside, and should also have an observation window for observing the indoor operation. 3.6.3 The chlorination room should be cold-proof, fire-resistant, and well ventilated and lit. If there are heating facilities indoors, the chlorination machine and the chlorine bottle should be no less than 1.0m away from the heating facilities. 3.6.4
3.6.5 The chlorination bottle room should be equipped with a scale as a calibration and measurement device, and the scale surface should be level with the ground.
3.6.6 The chlorinator (including the pipeline) should be able to ensure uninterrupted operation, and the room should have uninterrupted water supply and a water supply pipeline with stable water pressure, and the pressure should not be less than 0.3MPa. The chlorinator should be installed on a wall that is easy to operate, firm and safe, and the height of the bottom edge from the ground should be 1.0m~1.2m.
3.6.8 The filling volume of the 50kg cylinder should be placed upright when in use, and anti-dumping measures should be taken.
3.6.9 Chlorine gas pipes shall be made of copper pipes, chlorine water delivery pipes may be made of steel pipes coated with plastic, steel pipes lined with plastic, glass fiber reinforced plastic composite pipes, plastic pipes, and water supply pipes shall be made of galvanized steel pipes. 3.6.10 The chlorination room (including the chlorine bottle room) shall be equipped with ventilation equipment that can change air 8 to 12 times per hour, and the ventilation holes shall be located below the outer wall. 3.6.11 Considering the measures for evaporation of liquid chlorine in winter, it is strictly forbidden to use steam or open flames to directly heat the cylinders.
3.6.12 The electrical equipment and lamps in the chlorination room (including the chlorine bottle room) shall be sealed and corrosion-resistant, and the switches of lighting and ventilation equipment shall be installed outdoors. When the chlorine content of a single chlorine bottle in the chlorine bottle room is less than 50kg, no lifting device may be installed. 3.6.13
3.6.14 The hydrogen produced by the sodium hypochlorite generator must be led to a high place and discharged into the atmosphere to prevent accumulation and explosion.
Chlorine storage
Chlorine storage capacity
The storage capacity of liquid chlorine should be determined according to the supply and transportation conditions, and stored according to the 15~30-day use. 4.11
4.1.2 The effective chlorine of sodium hypochlorite will gradually decrease during storage, so the storage time should be considered. Storage time: Use on the same day of production in summer and no more than 7 days in winter. 4.1.3 Bleaching powder or bleaching powder fine should be stored in the 15~30-day use. 4.2 Storage of liquid chlorine cylinders
Chlorine cylinders should be stored in storage warehouses or chlorine cylinder rooms, and should not be randomly piled in the open air. Chlorine cylinders should have container racks, and there should be a wide enough area around the racks. 4.2.2
Establish necessary mechanical handling equipment, and use monorail cranes. 4.3 Storage of Sodium Hypochlorite and Bleaching Powder (Bleaching Powder) Storage containers of sodium hypochlorite should be made of corrosion-resistant materials, such as plastic or fiberglass. Storage containers should be placed in a dry place, avoid direct sunlight, and be well ventilated. 4.3.2
Do not contact with flammable and explosive items.
4.3.3 Bleaching powder dissolution tank and solution tank should be made of anti-corrosion materials. Generally, two groups are used for rotation.
Bleaching powder should be made into a clear solution with a concentration of 1%~2% (effective chlorine 0.2%~4.3.4
0.5%), which should be injected into the water by a metering device. The number of adjustments per day should not exceed three times. 4.3.5 The bottom of the bleaching powder solution tank should consider the sediment part of 15% of the effective volume, and the top dry is 0.2m. The tank volume should be able to meet the needs of the maximum dosage in eight hours. 4.3.6 The dosing can be done by gravity or in a pressure pipe. The former requires a sufficient level difference and the latter requires a water ejector or dosing pump with sufficient pressure water. 39
5 Safety precautions
5.0.1 The chlorination room (including the chlorine bottle room) must be equipped with more than two sets of isolation masks. Each operator must be equipped with a set of filter masks and check them regularly to prevent failure. 5.0.2 It is strictly forbidden to spray water on leaking cylinders. 40
Additional Notes
The unit proposing, the editing unit
and the main drafters of these regulations
Proposing unit:
Water Supply and Drainage Design Technology Center of the Ministry of Chemical Industry
Editing unit:
Shanghai Chemical Industry Design Institutewww.bzxz.net
Main drafters:
Prepared by: Tao Guanchu
Defined by:#
Yang Xunhua
Qian Yongmei
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