GB/T 17934.5-2012 Printing technology - Process control for halftone separations, proofs and printed products - Part 5: Screen printing GB/T17934.5-2012 |tt||Standard compressed package decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This part specifies some process parameters and their values ​​for the preparation of separations for four-color screen printing and the production of printed products by flat or cylinder screen printing. These selected process parameters and their values ​​cover the entire process, including the following process steps: ———Color separation ———Plate making ———Proofing ———Printing ———Surface finishing
GB/T 17934 "Printing technology - Process control of halftone color separations, samples and printed products" contains the following parts:
———Part 1: Parameters and test methods
———Part 2: Offset printing
———Part 3: Newsprint coldset ink offset printing
———Part 4: Gravure printing
———Part 5: Screen printing
———Part 6: Flexographic printing
———Part 7: Conventional printing or digital printing using digital files
This part is Part 5 of GB/T 17934.
This part was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. This
part uses the translation method equivalent to ISO12647-5:2001 "Printing technology - Processing of halftone separations, proofs and printed products -
Process control - Part 5: Screen printing".
This part has made the following editorial changes:
———The percentage symbol in the table is uniformly moved from the table to the upper right corner of the table (see Table 1 of 4.2.7 in ISO12647-5:2001 and
Table 1 of 4.2.7 in this part).
———The table notes are placed in the table (see Table 3 of 4.3.1.3, Table 6 of 4.3.2 in ISO12647-5:2001 and Table 3 of 4.3.1.3, Table 6 of 4.3.2 in this part).
———The normative reference document "ISO13655" which is not adopted in the standard is included in the references (see Chapter 2 of ISO12647-5:2001 and the references of this part).
———Based on the content of Table 2 and the requirements of GB/T1.1, a header is added to Table 2 without changing the technical data.
Please note that some contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying these patents.
This part is proposed by the General Administration of Press and Publication.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Printing Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC170).
The drafting units of this part: Shenzhen Yutong Printing Co., Ltd., China Screen Printing and Imaging Association, Shanghai Tobacco Packaging and Printing Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Vocational and Technical College, Shenzhen Kejingcheng Printing Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Xi'an Printing Technology College, Xi'an University of Technology, Shenzhen Printing Industry Association.
The main drafters of this part are: Che Liang, Pei Guifan, Zhu Haiou, Wang Lijie, Qiu Yaoguang, Zhen Wenlong, Liu Xin, Liu Yusheng, Ran Na, Liu Xia.
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, its latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
ISO5-3 Photography—Density measurements—Part 3: Spectral conditions
ISO2846-4 Graphic technology—Colour and transparency of printing ink sets for four-colour printing—Part 4: Screen printing||
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ISO12637-5 Graphic technology—Multilingual terminology of printing arts—Part 5: Screen printing terms

ISO12647-1:1996 Graphic
technology— Process control for the manufacture of half-tone colour separations, proof and production prints—Part 1: Parameters and measurement methods
Foreword III
Introduction IV
1 Scope
2 Normative references 3
Terms and definitions
4 Technical requirements 4.1
General 4.2
Colour separations 4.2.1
Quality
4.2.2 Screen ruling
4.2.3 Screen angle
4.2.4 Dot shape and its relationship to tone value 3
4.2.5 Image size tolerances3
4.2.6 Sum of tonal values3
4.2.7 Grey balance3
4.3 Printed product3
4.3.1 Visual characteristics of the image3
4.3.2 Tonal reproduction range5
4.3.3 Image positioning tolerances5
4.3.4 Tonal value increase5
5 Test method and report: Determination of tonal values ​​of printed product7
5.1 Film and digital control strips7
5.2 Reporting of results7
Appendix A (Informative Appendix) Determination of ink fixation color under non-standard conditions 8
References 9

ICS 37.100.01
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T17934.5—2012/IS012647-5:2001 Graphic technology—Process control for the manufacture of half-tone color separation, proof and production prints Part 5: Screen printing printing（ISO12647-5：2001,IDT）
2012-12-31Release
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaStandardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
2013-06-01Implementation
1Scope
Normative references
3Terms and definitions
4Technical requirements
Color separation Color patch
Screen count
Screen angle
Dot shape and its relationship with tone value
Image size tolerance
Total tone valuewww.bzxz.net
Gray balance
4.3 Printed product
Visual characteristics of image
Tonal reproduction range
Image positioning tolerance
Tonal value increase
5 Test method and report: Determination of tone value of printed product… 5.1 Film control strip and digital control strip
5.2 Result report
Appendix A (Informative Appendix) Determination of ink fixation color under non-standard conditions References
GB/T17934.52012/IS012647-5:2001 Sichuan
GB/T17934.5-2012/IS012647-5:2001GB/T17934 Printing technology Halftone color separation film This part is the 5th part of GB/T17934. This part was drafted according to the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. This part uses the translation method equivalent to ISO12647-5:2001 "Printing technology - Process control of halftone color separations, samples and printed products - Part 5: Screen printing". This part has made the following editorial changes:
The percentage symbol in the table is uniformly moved from the table to the upper right corner of the table (see Table 1 of 4.2.7 in ISO12647-5:2001 and Table 1 of 4.2.7 in this part).
-The table notes are placed in the table (see Table 3 of 4.3.1,3, Table 6 of 4.3.2 in ISO12647-5:2001 and Table 3 of 4.3.1.3, Table 6 of 4.3.2 in this part).
-The normative reference document "ISO13655" not adopted in the standard is placed in the reference (see Chapter 2 of ISO12647-5:2001 and the reference of this part).
Based on the content of Table 2 and the requirements of GB/T1.1, a header is added to Table 2 without changing the technical data. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying these patents. This part was proposed by the General Administration of Press and Publication.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Printing Standardization Technical Committee (SAC1C170). The drafting units of this part are: Shenzhen Yutong Printing Co., Ltd., China Screen Printing and Imaging Association, Shanghai Tobacco Packaging and Printing Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Vocational and Technical College, Shenzhen Kejingcheng Printing Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Xi'an Institute of Printing Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Shenzhen Printing Industry Association.
The main drafters of this part are: Che Liang, Pei Guifan, Zhu Haiou, Wang Lijie, Qiu Yaoguang, Zhen Wenlong, Liu Xin, Liu Yusheng, Ran Na, Liu Xia. GB/T17934.5—2012/ISO12647-5.2001 Introduction
When producing a halftone color print, it is very important for the color separation, proofing and printing personnel to pre-set a set of parameter values ​​that can guarantee the minimum requirements according to the visual characteristics and other technical characteristics of the product to be printed. This ensures that subsequent separation work is carried out correctly (rather than by trial and error) and that offline proofs or press proofs are as close as possible to the simulated visual characteristics of the final printed product.
It is necessary to distinguish between primary and secondary parameters. The primary parameters described in this part of GB/T 17934 are those that directly affect the visual properties of the image, and secondary parameters are those that indirectly affect the image effect by changing the value of the parameter. Secondary parameters include: thickness of the color separation film;
the state of the image (negative or positive);
the roughness of the emulsion surface;
color marking or crosshair marking.
ISO 12647-1 lists and explains a minimum set of process control parameters that are used to accurately control the visual characteristics and related technical characteristics of the halftone proof or the printed product produced from the halftone separation film. The purpose of this part of GB/T 17934 is to list the recommended values ​​for the main parameters specified in ISO 12647-1 and related technical parameters when using halftone color separations to produce screen prints. In addition, recommended specifications are also made for minor parameters that are considered useful. I
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1 Scope
GB/T 17934.52012/ISO 12647-5.2001 Printing technology - Process control of halftone color separations, samples and printed products
Part 5: Screen printing
This part specifies some process parameters and their values ​​for the preparation of color separations for four-color screen printing and the production of printed products by flat or roller screen printing.
These selected process parameters and their values ​​cover the entire process, including the following process:-Color separation
-Plate making
-Proofing
-Printing
Surface finishing
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, its latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. ISO 5-3 Photography Density Measurements Part 3: Spectral conditions
ISO 2846-4 Graphic technology Colour and transparency of printing ink sets for four-colour printing Part 4: Screen printing
ISO 12637-5 Graphic technology Multilingual terminology of printing arts - Part 5. Screen printing terms ISO 12647-1: 1996 Graphic technology Process control for the manufacture of half-tone colour separations, proof and production prints Part 1: Parameters and measurement methods methods)3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in ISO12647-1 and ISO12637-5 apply to this document. 4 Technical requirements
4.1 General
The following clauses are arranged in the order given in ISO12647-1:1996. The definitions of parameters and the clauses of test methods are also arranged in this order.
GB/T17934.5-2012/IS012647-5:20014.2 Color separations
4.2.1 Quality
Unless otherwise specified, the density value of the center of the dots on the separations should be at least 3.50 higher than the density value of the transparent film (film base plus fog). The transmission density value of the transparent dot center should not be higher than the density value of the large transparent area by 0.10; the density value of the transparent film should not be higher than 0.15. The above determination should be made using a transmission densitometer for ISO1 type (UV) printing density test with optical characteristics in accordance with ISO5-3. There should be no obvious fragmentation of the dots on the separations, and the width of the dot edge should not exceed 1/40 of the screen width. The quality of the color separation film is evaluated by the method in Appendix B of ISO12647-1:1996. Note 1: The density value of the transparent film is subject to the following conditions: In order to make the screen exposure consistent, the density value of all transparent films used for the screen printing plate must not differ by more than 0.10; the common minimum value of ISO1 type printing density is 0.05. Note 2: In practical applications, if the density value of a large area of ​​solid is higher than the transparent film by more than 4.5, the density value of the center of the dot can usually be higher than the density value of the transparent film by more than 3.5.
Note 3: If the user wishes to use a blue filter as a transmission density measurement, it is necessary to determine the relationship between the film type and processing conditions, the density obtained with the blue filter, and the density measured by the specified ISO1 type printing density measuring instrument. The density value of the center of the dot can be measured using the specified ISO2 type printing density measuring instrument.
4.2.2 Screen count
For four-color printing, the screen count is generally between 20cm-1 and 40cm-. Note 1: If the number of screen lines is outside the range of 20cm-1~～40cm-1, the basic principles specified in GB/T17934 are still valid, but the specific values ​​may be different.
Note 2: When computer screening, in order to minimize moiré fringes, the number of screen lines and the screen angle of different color plates may be slightly different. 4.2.3 Screen Angle
The angle between the screen wire and the screen frame is 0° and 90°. For the non-spindle dots, the screen angle difference between the cyan, magenta and black plates is 30°, and the screen angle difference between the yellow plate and another color plate is 15. As a typical example shown in Figure 1, the screen lines of any color plate should not be parallel or diagonal to the warp or weft screen wires. To achieve this, a color plate should be rotated 7.5 relative to the screen wire. Related to these values ​​is that the color separation film should be read positively with the emulsion side facing up. For dots with a main axis, the screen angle difference between cyan, magenta and black plates is 60°, and the screen angle difference between yellow plate and another color plate is 15°. A typical example is shown in Figure 2.
Reference direction 0
Figure 1 Screen angle of dots without a main axis
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GB/T17934.5—2012/ISO12647-52001/M:67.5°
Reference direction 0
Figure 2 Screen angle of dots with a main axis
4.2.4 Dot shape and its relationship with tone value When using elliptical dots, the first connection should occur at a tone value not less than 35%, and the second connection should occur at a tone value not more than 65%.
4.2.5 Image size tolerance
Under normal stable environment, the difference in the length of each diagonal line of a set of color separations shall not exceed 0.02%. Note: This tolerance includes the error caused by the repeatability of the image output device and the stability of the film. 4.2.6 Tone value sum
There is no limit on the sum of tone values.
Note: The sum of tone values ​​that can be used is 300% to 400%, but to match the products produced by other processes, the sum of tone values ​​should be lower. 4.2.7 Gray balance
Unless otherwise specified, the tone value combinations of gray balance are listed in Table 1. Table 1 Grey balance
Tone value
4.3 Printed product
4.3.1 Visual characteristics of the image
4.3.1.1 Color of the substrate
Unit: %
For the three color gamuts specified in 4.3.1.3, the color of the substrate should be white, and its chromaticity value range is listed in Table 2. The substrate used for proofing should be the same as the substrate used for printing. If it is difficult, the color, gloss, surface type (such as paper, plastic, cardboard) and mass per unit area of ​​the proofing material should be close to the substrate used for printing production. Note: If the final product is to be surface-finished, the color of the substrate will be seriously affected. 3
GB/T17934.5—2012/ISO12647-5.2001 Table 2 Limitation of substrate color
Data category
, measured according to the method specified in 5.6 of ISO12647-1:1996. 4.3.1.2 Glossiness of substrate
Data range
100≥≥90
5≤6*5
The glossiness of the substrate used for proofing should be as close as possible to that of the substrate used for production. Note: If the final product is to be surface-finished, it will have a serious impact on the glossiness. Under strict requirements, the effect of color separation can be judged by a sample sheet with a surface glossiness that is extremely close to that of the finished product after finishing. In the preparation stage, in order to facilitate the consistency of the image of the production with the image of the sample sheet, a proof sheet with a surface glossiness close to that of the substrate used for production can be provided to the printing factory. 4.3.1.3 Color after ink fixation
Use primary color inks as specified in ISO 2846-4. The CIELAB chromaticity values ​​La and 6 of the solid colors of cyan, magenta, yellow, black and the combined solid colors obtained by overprinting two colors other than black on the sample sheets shall comply with the values ​​specified in Table 3 and be within the deviation tolerances specified in Table 4. During the production process, the variation of the solid colors of the printed primary colors is limited by the post-process conditions. The color difference between at least 68% of the printed sheets and the qualified printed sheets shall not exceed the mean difference specified in Table 4 and shall not exceed 1/2 of the deviation value. Table 3 CIELAB chromaticity values ​​of solid colors
Color gamut grades
Note 1: The three types of chromaticity values ​​specified in Table 3 reflect the chromaticity values ​​of many types of graphic screen printing products. The first type is suitable for printed products with low color saturation, the second type is suitable for printed products with medium color saturation, and the third type is suitable for printed products with high color saturation, such as point-of-sale advertisements. Note 2: If a white background is used, the chromaticity value of 6 in Table 3 remains basically the same, but the L value may be higher, depending on the opacity of the substrate. Note 3: If the final product is to be surface-finished, its color will deviate from the color of the unfinished product. Note 4: The chromaticity values ​​of the secondary colors red, green, and blue are related to the printing color sequence, and vary depending on the structure of the printing machine, the surface characteristics of the substrate, the rheology and transparency of the oil wall, etc. Therefore, the chromaticity values ​​of the primary colors that meet the specified requirements cannot guarantee that the secondary colors also meet the specified requirements. Note 5: Appendix A gives the reflection density values ​​of the primary colors. The measurement method is in accordance with 5.6 of ISO12647-1:1996. The color sequence is yellow-cyan, magenta.
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Allowable value type
Mean difference"
GB/T17934.5—2012/ISO12647-5.2001Table 4 Color difference of printed primary colorsCIELABAEBlack
CIELABThe distribution of color difference is not Gaussian, but asymmetric. For consistency, the mean difference specified here is the upper limit of 68% of the printed products. This is a simulated Gaussian distribution, and the color difference of 68% of the printed products is within the deviation mean value ±1. 4.3.1.4 Gloss after ink fixation
If it is necessary to specify the gloss of the solid color, measure and record the gloss of the solid area at a certain angle of incidence. 4.3.2 Tone Reproduction Range
The tone value range specified in Table 5 is the basic requirement for the uniform transfer of dots to printed products. Table 6 lists the recommended tone value range for transfer. The tone values ​​of the main graphic parts on the color separation film should not exceed the range recommended in Table 6. Table 5 requires the transfer of tone value range (film) Screen count/cm
Screen count/cm-
Solvent ink/%
Air drying water-based ink/%
UV ink/%
Table 6 Recommended transfer tone value range (film) Solvent ink/%
Air drying water-based ink/%
UV oil/%
Water-based UV ink/%
Water-based UV/%
Note: In most printing applications, especially printing on paper, the larger tone range in Table 6 can usually be achieved. The tonal range depends on the screen used for printing. The coarser the screen (the thicker the mesh), the smaller the tonal range that can be reproduced. When the screen count increases from 20 cm- to 40 cm-, the tonal range that can be reproduced decreases significantly, especially when using solvent inks and air-dried water-based inks. 4.3.3 Image registration tolerance
The maximum deviation between the center of the image printed in any two colors shall not exceed 0.02% of the diagonal length of the printing screen. 4.3.4 Tone value increase
Table 7 specifies the target values ​​for tone value increase (dot gain) in proofing and production printing. The test method is as specified in Chapter 5. 5.1 specifies the target values ​​for tone value increase for a circular dot measurement and control strip with a screen width of 30 cm-1. If the set of values ​​specified in Table 7 is used, the printing characteristic curve of the main image is similar to the corresponding curve in Figure 3 or Figure 4. At the 25%, 50% and 75% tone values ​​on the film, the tone value of the sample or qualified print shall not deviate from the specified value by more than 5%. The standard deviation of the gradation values ​​in production should not exceed 4% (68% of the prints are within 4% of the acceptable prints). The tolerance of the gradation increase between the sample and the production print (the difference in the gradation increase between the colors) should not exceed 5%. Note that different substrates may require some fine-tuning of the press to make the curves produced by various materials consistent. 5
GB/T17934.5—2012/IS012647-5:2001Table 7 Increase in tone values ​​of printed products produced under the condition of 30 cm screenIncrease in tone values ​​on printed products/%
UV ink type
Water-based UV. Ordinary solvent
Ordinary UV, water-based air drying
Increase in tone values ​​on printed products measured in E or T state with or without polarizer
Increase in tone values ​​on printed products
Tone values ​​on film
Tone values ​​on film/%
Figure 3 Typical tone value increase curves and tolerance curves (dashed lines) of water-based UV and solvent UV inks (solid lines) measured under the condition of 30 cm screen15
Tone values ​​on film Tone value/%
Figure 4 Typical tone value increase curve and tolerance curve (dashed line) of common UV and water-based natural drying UV inks (solid line) measured under the condition of 30cm-1 iiKacaOiaiKAca
5 Test method and report: Determination of tone value of printed products 5.1 Film control strips and digital control strips
GB/T17934.5—2012/ISO12647-5:2001 Refer to 5.3 and 5.4 of ISO12647-1:1996, and pay attention to the following additional requirements: For process control in proofing and printing production, color control strips should be printed at the edge of the printed image, with clearly defined control color blocks indicating accurate tone values, and meet the quality requirements for film in 4.2.1. The dot shape should be circular, the screen line should be 30cm-1, and the tone range should be at least the values ​​given in Table 5. For non-AM screening, the minimum dot diameter shall be 50 μm. If digital control strips are printed on film together with the printed image, the color patches on the film shall be checked to ensure that the expected gradation values ​​and the requirements of this clause are achieved. In addition, for information or to check screen printing and ink overflow problems, dot control strips may be printed together with color control strips, with the same dot type as the printed image.
The effective test aperture of the test print densitometer should generally be 5 mm, with a minimum of 3.3 mm. NOTE 1: The use of moderate chain dots produces slightly higher gradation values ​​(up to 1%) than using circular dots. NOTE 2: The measured gradation values ​​are slightly related to the test instrument conditions, especially for the original yellow image, where the observed intermediate tones differ by up to 2% using a broadband instrument without a polarizer and a narrowband instrument with a polarizer. Note 3: The use of PostScript program can make the generation of screen lines and dot shapes in the measurement and control strips independent of the screen lines and dot shapes of the printed image. Note 4: For test apertures below 5 mm, it is recommended to take the average of 5 readings for each control mark. 5.2 Result Report
The report should include the measured gradation value, the gradation value of the measurement and control strip (film or digital), the spectral response of the instrument used, the sampling aperture and whether a polarizer is used.
GB/T17934.5—2012/ISO12647-5:2001 Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Determination of ink fixation color under non-standard conditions Table A.1
Color gamut 1
Polarizer
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
· Refer to ISO5-3.
Reflection density of the printed primary colors in Table 3
Color gamut 2
Polarizer
ISOE state reflection density
ISOT state reflection density
ISO visual reflection density
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Color gamut 3
Polarizer1. The film quality requirements. The dot shape should be circular, the screen line is 30cm-1, and the gradation range is at least the values ​​given in Table 5. For non-AM screening, the minimum dot diameter should be 50μm. If the digital control strip is printed on the film together with the printed image, the color standard on the film should be checked to ensure that the expected gradation value and the requirements of this clause are achieved. In addition, for information or to check the screen printing plate and ink overflow problems, the dot control strip can be printed together with the color control strip, and its dot type is the same as the printed image.
The effective test aperture of the test print densitometer should generally be 5mm, and the minimum should not be less than 3.3mm. Note 1: The use of moderate chain dots produces slightly higher gradation values ​​(up to 1%) than using circular dots. Note 2: The measured gradation value is slightly related to the test instrument conditions, especially for the original yellow image, the difference in the observed results of the intermediate tone is up to 2% between the broadband instrument without polarizer and the narrowband instrument with polarizer. Note 3: The use of PostScript program can make the generation of screen lines and dot shapes in the measurement and control strips independent of the screen lines and dot shapes of the printed image. Note 4: For test apertures below 5 mm, it is recommended to take the average of 5 readings for each control mark. 5.2 Result Report
The report should include the measured gradation value, the gradation value of the measurement and control strip (film or digital), the spectral response of the instrument used, the sampling aperture and whether a polarizer is used.
GB/T17934.5—2012/ISO12647-5:2001 Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Determination of ink fixation color under non-standard conditions Table A.1
Color gamut 1
Polarizer
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
·Refer to ISO5-3.
Reflection density of the printed primary colors in Table 3
Color gamut 2
Polarizer
ISOE state reflection density
ISOT state reflection density
ISO visual reflection density
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Color gamut 3
Polarizer1. The film quality requirements. The dot shape should be circular, the screen line is 30cm-1, and the gradation range is at least the values ​​given in Table 5. For non-AM screening, the minimum dot diameter should be 50μm. If the digital control strip is printed on the film together with the printed image, the color standard on the film should be checked to ensure that the expected gradation value and the requirements of this clause are achieved. In addition, for information or to check the screen printing plate and ink overflow problems, the dot control strip can be printed together with the color control strip, and its dot type is the same as the printed image.
The effective test aperture of the test print densitometer should generally be 5mm, and the minimum should not be less than 3.3mm. Note 1: The use of moderate chain dots produces slightly higher gradation values ​​(up to 1%) than using circular dots. Note 2: The measured gradation value is slightly related to the test instrument conditions, especially for the original yellow image, the difference in the observed results of the intermediate tone is up to 2% between the broadband instrument without polarizer and the narrowband instrument with polarizer. Note 3: The use of PostScript program can make the generation of screen lines and dot shapes in the measurement and control strips independent of the screen lines and dot shapes of the printed image. Note 4: For test apertures below 5 mm, it is recommended to take the average of 5 readings for each control mark. 5.2 Result Report
The report should include the measured gradation value, the gradation value of the measurement and control strip (film or digital), the spectral response of the instrument used, the sampling aperture and whether a polarizer is used.
GB/T17934.5—2012/ISO12647-5:2001 Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Determination of ink fixation color under non-standard conditions Table A.1
Color gamut 1
Polarizer
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
Substrate
·Refer to ISO5-3.
Reflection density of the printed primary colors in Table 3
Color gamut 2
Polarizer
ISOE state reflection density
ISOT state reflection density
ISO visual reflection density
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Color gamut 3
Polarizer
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