This standard specifies in detail the method, steps and necessary conditions for the determination of air conduction and bone conduction hearing thresholds. For screening audiometry, only the method of pure tone test for air conduction is described. This method may not be applicable to special populations such as very young children. GB/T 16403-1996 Acoustic audiometry method Basic audiometry method for pure tone air conduction and bone conduction hearing thresholds GB/T16403-1996 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies in detail the method, steps and necessary conditions for the determination of air conduction and bone conduction hearing thresholds. For screening audiometry, only the method of pure tone test for air conduction is described. This method may not be applicable to special populations such as very young children.

GE/T 164031996
This standard is equivalent to the international standard IS0 8253-1 Acoustics-Audiometry Method-Part 1: Basic Audiometry Method for Pure Tone Air Conduction and Bone Conduction Thresholds.
This standard provides a standard for basic audiometry techniques, and has a positive role in promoting the standardization of pure tone audiometry methods, the development of audiology work in my country and international exchanges.
This standard is one of the "Audiometry Method" series of standards. This standard and GB7583 "Acoustics Pure Tone Air Conduction Hearing Valve Determination for Hearing Protection" can be used in a complementary manner under appropriate circumstances. Appendix A of this standard is a reminder appendix.
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Acoustics Standardization. The drafting units of this standard are: Institute of Otolaryngology, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The main drafters of this standard are: Gu Rui, Wang Naiyi, Zhang Zhuangwei, Chen Hongwen, Fang Zhi. This standard shall be implemented from December 1, 1996. GB/T 16403-1996
ISO Foreword
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standardization bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of formulating international standards is usually carried out by ISO technical committees. All member bodies interested in the topics determined by technical committees at all levels have the right to participate in the committee. Governmental and non-governmental international organizations associated with ISO may also participate in the work. [ISO works closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all electrotechnical standard issues. The draft international standards adopted by the technical committees are first circulated to the member bodies for voting, and then approved by the ISO Council as international standards. According to the provisions of ISO procedures, at least 75% of the member groups voting must agree to pass. International Standard ISO 8253-1 was drafted by ISO/TC 43 Technical Committee on Acoustics. ISO 8253 consists of the following parts, with the general title of "Acoustics - Audiometry Methods" - Part 1; Basic audiometry methods for pure tone air conduction and bone conduction - Part 2; Sound field audiometry using pure tone and narrow-band test signals - Part 3; Speech audiometry.
Annex A to this part of ISO 8253 is for reference only. It is not listed in the preface of ISO 8253-1, but is included in the preface of ISO 8253-2 as Part 3.
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Acoustics - Audiometry Methods
Pure tone air conduction and bone conduction audiometry Basic audiometry methods Acoustics - Audiometric test methods - Basic puretone air and bone conduction threshold audiometry
GB/T 16403-1996
eqv ISO 8253-1: 1989
This standard specifies the methods and requirements for basic audiometry of subjects using pure sound emitted by earphones and bone vibrators. It does not include electrophysiological examination methods. GB7583 specifies the methods and steps for air conduction and hearing measurement for the purpose of hearing protection. Under appropriate circumstances, this standard can complement GB7583.
To obtain reliable results in audiometry, many factors are involved. GB7341 details the necessary conditions for audiometers. It is very important to maintain the inspection and calibration of audiometric instruments in use. . This standard specifies the content of the calibration procedure. In order to avoid the ambient noise in the audiometry room masking the test signal, when using headphones or bone vibrators to test the signal, the allowable value of the ambient noise should be specified according to different sound delivery methods. This standard lists the maximum allowable sound pressure level of the ambient noise when the hearing threshold level to be measured is lower than 0dB. It also briefly describes the maximum allowable sound pressure level of the ambient noise when the minimum hearing threshold level to be measured is not 0dB, but other minimum hearing instantaneous levels. It describes the method of measuring the hearing level using pure tone air conduction and bone conduction audiometry. Screening audiometry only briefly describes the air conduction audiometry method. Audiometry can be performed using the following equipment:
a) Manual audiometer
b) Automatic recording audiometer
c) Computer-controlled audiometric equipment
This standard specifies the methods for measuring the audiometry of signals using these three types of audiometric equipment. For screening audiometry, only the methods using manual or computer-controlled audiometers are described.
The method steps specified in this standard are suitable for most adults and children, and other method steps may also produce results equivalent to those specified in this standard The results obtained by the force method are determined. For very young children, the elderly or people who are not feeling well, some modifications should be made to the method steps. Such modifications may result in inaccurate audiometry results. 1 Model Figure
This standard specifies in detail the method steps and necessary conditions for air conduction and bone conduction audiometry. For screening audiometry, only the method of air conduction pure tone test is described. This method may not be suitable for special groups such as young children. Some audiometry methods must be performed at sound levels above the hearing level of the subjects. The relevant above-hearing audiometry and other examinations are not described in this standard. The method steps and necessary conditions for speech audiometry, electrophysiological audiometry and audiometry with speakers as sound sources are not described. For air conduction valve audiometry for hearing protection, see GB7583.
2 Referenced Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard by reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are all valid for the National Dog Control Standard No. 100605_27
1006.13_014
GB/T16403—1996
. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. GB3241-82 1/1 and 1/3 octave filters for acoustic and motion analysis (negIEC225.1966) GB3785-83 Electrical and acoustic properties and test methods of sound level meters (ncgIEC 6511979) GB 4854-81 Standard level 1 for acoustic calibration of pure tone audiometers (eVISO389, 1975 and its Add.1-1983) GB 7341-87 Audiometer
GB7342-87 IEC temporary reference coupler for calibration of audiometric headphones (eqVIEC303: 1970) GB7614-87 Wideband artificial ear for calibration of audiometric headphones (egIEC318: 1970) GB11669-89 Standard zero level for acoustic calibration of pure tone bone conduction audiometers (negISO7566--1987) GB/T 16402-1996 Acoustic Insert Earphone Pure Tone Reference Equivalent Sound Pressure Level IEC 373-1971 Mechanical Coupler for Bone Vibrator Measurement IS0389.4-1994 Acoustic ... - Reference Zero Level for Calibration of Audiometric Equipment - Part 4: Reference Level for Narrow-Band Masking Noise IEC804-1985 Integrating Average Sound Level Meter
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 Air conduction
The process by which sound is transmitted through the outer ear and middle ear to the inner ear in the air. 3.2 Acoustic Coupler
A cavity with a fixed shape and volume used to calibrate earphones. It is connected to a microphone and the sound pressure generated in the cavity is measured. Note: GB 7342 makes general provisions for acoustic coupler. 3.3 Artificial ear
Equipment for measuring headphones, which makes the acoustic impedance of the headphones close to the average acoustic impedance of the human ear. The artificial ear has a microphone to measure the sound bed produced by the headphones.
Note: GB 7614 defines the real ear.
3.4 ​​Bone conduction
The mechanical vibration of the bone stimulates the sound to the inner ear. 3.5 Bone vibrator, bone-conduction headset Bone-conduction vibrator, bone-toniduction headset A transducer that converts electrical oscillations into mechanical vibrations, with the purpose of coupling to the human bone structure (usually the mastoid part) accurately. 3.6 Mechanical coupler A calibrator that simulates the force impedance characteristics of the mastoid/forehead area of ​​the human head in the frequency range of 125 to 8000Hz, and is used to calibrate the bone conduction audiometer and measure the sensitivity, frequency response and harmonic distortion of the bone vibrator (bone conduction headset). Note: IEC 373 has made provisions for mechanical couplers. 3.7 Otologically normal person is a person in normal health, with no ear canal obstruction, no history of excessive noise exposure, no history of ototoxic drugs, and no signs of any ear disease.8 Hearing thresholdwwW.bzxz.Net
The lowest sound pressure at which a given percentage of subjects can correctly discern a given signal in repeated tests conducted under specified conditions with a specified signal. The characteristics of the signal, the way it reaches the listener, and the location where the sound pressure is measured must be stated. Note
Unless otherwise stated, the ambient noise reaching the human ear is assumed to be negligible: Hearing: Generally expressed in decibels relative to 20 μPa. Repeated tests refer to methods using a constant pressure sound source. Other psychophysical methods may also be used, but the methods used should be stated. ① The certain percentage is often taken as 50%.
3.9 Equivalent threshold sound pressure level (monaural headphone listening) equivalentthresholdsoundpressurelevel The sound pressure level produced in the acoustic coupling cavity or artificial ear specified in GB/T 16403—1996
3.10 Reference equivalent threshold sound pressure level (RETSPL) is the mode value of the equivalent sound pressure level of a sufficient number of normal otological human ears of both sexes aged 18 to 30 years old, expressed at a specified frequency by using a specified type of earphone in a specified acoustic coupling chamber or artificial ear. 3.11 Equivalent threshold force level (single earphone) is the vibration force level produced by placing a bone vibrator of a specified shape on the human mastoid with a specified force to obtain a hearing sound of a specified frequency, so as to obtain a hearing voltage to excite the bone vibrator so that it is generated on a specified mechanical coupler. 3.12 Reference equivalent threshold force level (RETFL) is the average value of the equivalent threshold force level of a sufficient number of normal otological human ears of both sexes aged 18 to 20 years old, expressed at a specified cheek cord by using a specified type of bone vibrator in a specified mechanical coupler. 3.13 Pure tone hearing level (using a specified method and a specified type of transducer at a specified frequency) hearing level of apuretonc The sound pressure level (or vibration force level) generated by the transducer in a specified artificial ear or acoustic coupling cavity (or mechanical coupler) minus the corresponding reference equivalent hearing sound pressure level (or reference equivalent valve force level). 3.14 Hearing threshold level The hearing threshold of a certain ear expressed in hearing level measured at a specified frequency using a specified type of earphone in a specified manner. 3.15 Occlusion effect The phenomenon that blocking an ear with an earphone or earplug will form a closed air-containing cavity between the outer ear and the earphone or in the external auditory canal, thereby reducing the bone conduction hearing level of the ear. The occlusion effect is obvious at low frequencies. 3.16 Masking
a) The phenomenon that the hearing width of one sound increases due to the presence of another masking sound b) When measuring the hearing of one ear, a method of adding noise to the other ear to avoid affecting the other ear. 3.17 Effective masking level of noise in a band The presence of masking noise in the band increases the hearing level of pure tone at the geometric center frequency of the band. At this time, the pure tone hearing level is the effective masking level of noise in the band. Note: JS0389.4 specifies the reference level of narrow-band masking noise. 3.18 Vibration tactile threshold level The minimum vibration force level or sound pressure level at which a person makes a preset percentage of correct responses due to the vibration sensation on the skin in repeated tests.
3.19 Pure-tone audiometer Pure-tone audiometer An electroacoustic instrument with headphones that can provide pure tone of known sound pressure level at a specified frequency. In addition, it can also have a bone vibrator and/or masking conditions.
3.20 Manual audiometer Manual audiomeler An audiometer that is manually controlled to give signals, select frequencies and hearing levels, and record results. 3.21 Computer-controlled audiometer Computer-controlled audiometer Audiometer whose examination procedures are controlled by a computer. In this standard, computer refers to any electronic device whose examination steps are controlled by a program. 3.22 Automatic recording audiometer Automatic recording audiometer Audiometer whose hearing level changes are controlled by the subject and the results are automatically recorded. 3.23 Sweep-frequency audiometer Sweep-frequency audiometer Automatic recording audiometer whose frequency changes continuously or in steps less than 1/3 octave. 3.24 Screening audiometry Screening audiometry Give a fixed level (screening level) of pure tone to test whether the subject can hear it. 3.25 Audiogram (the relationship between audiogram and graph). 4 General issues on audiometry methods 4.1 Overview GB/T 16403--1996 Air conduction and bone conduction audiometry can be used to measure hearing loss. In air conduction audiometry, the test signal is sent to the subject using headphones. In bone conduction audiometry, the signal is sent using a bone vibrator located on the subject's mastoid or forehead. It is advisable to make air conduction audiometric measurements first and then bone conduction audiometric measurements. The hearing loss level can be measured using several fixed-frequency test tones (fixed-frequency audiometry) or a test signal that changes frequency at a predetermined rate at any time (sweep-frequency audiometry). Fixed-frequency audiometry is listed in Chapter 6, and sweep-frequency audiometry is described in Chapter 7. In air conduction and bone conduction tests, the hearing loss level of each ear should be measured separately. Under specified conditions, masking noise should be applied to the non-test ear (contralateral ear). Masking noise should be applied through ear-pressing, circumaural or insert earphones. There is currently no calibration standard for circumaural earphones. 4.2 Reference zero level for calibrating audiometric equipment
Reference equivalent threshold sound pressure level for calibrating air conduction audiometers16 Masking
a) The phenomenon that the hearing width of a sound increases due to the presence of another masking sound b) When measuring the hearing of one ear, a method is often used to add noise to the other ear to avoid affecting the other ear. 3.17 Effective masking level of noise band The hearing level of pure tone corresponding to the geometric center frequency of the band is increased due to the presence of masking noise in the band. At this time, the pure tone hearing level is the effective masking level of the noise band. Note: JS0389.4 specifies the reference level of narrow-band masking noise. 3.18 Vibration tactile threshold level The minimum vibration force level or sound pressure level at which a person makes a preset percentage of correct responses due to the vibration sensation on the skin in repeated tests.
3.19 Pure-tone audiometer pure-toneaudiameter An electroacoustic instrument with headphones that can provide pure tones of known sound pressure levels of specified frequencies. In addition, it can also have a bone vibrator and/or masking conditions.
3.20 Manual audiometer: an audiometer that manually gives signals, selects frequencies and hearing levels, and records the results. 3.21 Computer-controlled audiometer: an audiometer that controls the examination procedure by a computer. In this standard, computer refers to any electronic device whose examination steps are controlled by a program. 3.22 Automatic recording audiometer: an audiometer that controls the hearing level changes by the subject and automatically records the results. 3.23 Sweep-frequency audiometer: an automatic recording audiometer that changes the frequency continuously or in steps less than 1/3 octave. 3.24 Screening audiometry: a test that gives a fixed level (screening level) of pure tone to the subject to see if he can hear it. 3.25 Audiogram (the relationship between audiogram and graph). 4 General issues on audiometry methods 4.1 Overview GB/T 16403--1996 Air conduction and bone conduction audiometry can be used to measure hearing loss. In air conduction audiometry, the test signal is sent to the subject using headphones. In bone conduction audiometry, the signal is sent using a bone vibrator located on the subject's mastoid or forehead. It is advisable to make air conduction audiometric measurements first and then bone conduction audiometric measurements. The hearing loss level can be measured using several fixed-frequency test tones (fixed-frequency audiometry) or a test signal that changes frequency at a predetermined rate at any time (sweep-frequency audiometry). Fixed-frequency audiometry is listed in Chapter 6, and sweep-frequency audiometry is described in Chapter 7. In air conduction and bone conduction tests, the hearing loss level of each ear should be measured separately. Under specified conditions, masking noise should be applied to the non-test ear (contralateral ear). Masking noise should be applied through ear-pressing, circumaural or insert earphones. There is currently no calibration standard for circumaural earphones. 4.2 Reference zero level for calibrating audiometric equipment
Reference equivalent threshold sound pressure level for calibrating air conduction audiometers16 Masking
a) The phenomenon that the hearing width of a sound increases due to the presence of another masking sound b) When measuring the hearing of one ear, a method is often used to add noise to the other ear to avoid affecting the other ear. 3.17 Effective masking level of noise band The hearing level of pure tone corresponding to the geometric center frequency of the band is increased due to the presence of masking noise in the band. At this time, the pure tone hearing level is the effective masking level of the noise band. Note: JS0389.4 specifies the reference level of narrow-band masking noise. 3.18 Vibration tactile threshold level The minimum vibration force level or sound pressure level at which a person makes a preset percentage of correct responses due to the vibration sensation on the skin in repeated tests.
3.19 Pure-tone audiometer pure-toneaudiameter An electroacoustic instrument with headphones that can provide pure tones of known sound pressure levels of specified frequencies. In addition, it can also have a bone vibrator and/or masking conditions.
3.20 Manual audiometer: an audiometer that manually gives signals, selects frequencies and hearing levels, and records the results. 3.21 Computer-controlled audiometer: an audiometer that controls the examination procedure by a computer. In this standard, computer refers to any electronic device whose examination steps are controlled by a program. 3.22 Automatic recording audiometer: an audiometer that controls the hearing level changes by the subject and automatically records the results. 3.23 Sweep-frequency audiometer: an automatic recording audiometer that changes the frequency continuously or in steps less than 1/3 octave. 3.24 Screening audiometry: a test that gives a fixed level (screening level) of pure tone to the subject to see if he can hear it. 3.25 Audiogram (the relationship between audiogram and graph). 4 General issues on audiometry methods 4.1 Overview GB/T 16403--1996 Air conduction and bone conduction audiometry can be used to measure hearing loss. In air conduction audiometry, the test signal is sent to the subject using headphones. In bone conduction audiometry, the signal is sent using a bone vibrator located on the subject's mastoid or forehead. It is advisable to make air conduction audiometric measurements first and then bone conduction audiometric measurements. The hearing loss level can be measured using several fixed-frequency test tones (fixed-frequency audiometry) or a test signal that changes frequency at a predetermined rate at any time (sweep-frequency audiometry). Fixed-frequency audiometry is listed in Chapter 6, and sweep-frequency audiometry is described in Chapter 7. In air conduction and bone conduction tests, the hearing loss level of each ear should be measured separately. Under specified conditions, masking noise should be applied to the non-test ear (contralateral ear). Masking noise should be applied through ear-pressing, circumaural or insert earphones. There is currently no calibration standard for circumaural earphones. 4.2 Reference zero level for calibrating audiometric equipment
Reference equivalent threshold sound pressure level for calibrating air conduction audiometers
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