Standard number: QX/T 490-2019
Standard name: Technical requirements for ionospheric altimeter
English name: Technical requirements of ionosonde
Standard format: PDF
Release time: 2019-09-18
Implementation time: 2019-12-01
Standard size: 746K
Standard introduction: This standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009
This standard is proposed and managed by the Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Subcommittee of the National Technical Committee for Satellite Meteorology and Space Weather Standardization (SAC/TC347/SC3)
Drafting unit of this standard: National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center). Main drafters of this standard: Wang Yungang, Mao Tian, ​​Lv Jingtian This standard specifies the composition, functional requirements, performance requirements, data processing, data storage and transmission of ionospheric altimeters.
This standard applies to the research and development, design and production, equipment selection, station network construction and acceptance evaluation of ionospheric altimeters
2 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document
Ionospheric altimeter ionospheric altimeter
Conventional equipment for detecting the ionosphere from the ground by transmitting swept frequency radio waves. [QX/T252-2014, definition 2.21]
Ionospheric vertical sounding ionospheric vertical sounding
The technology of routine observation of the ionosphere from the ground using an ionospheric altimeter.
Note: This technology transmits radio pulses with a frequency that changes with time vertically upward, receives the ionospheric reflection signals of these pulses at the same location, measures the
transmission delay of the radio waves in the round trip, and thus obtains a curve of the relationship between the reflection height and the frequency
[QX/T252-2014, definition 2.22
virtual height
In vertical detection of the ionosphere, the height of the ionospheric reflection surface calculated by assuming that the radio waves propagate at the speed of light in a vacuum
[QX/T252-2014 definition 2.23]
ionogram
A graph of the relationship between the radio wave frequency and the virtual height obtained when using an ionospheric altimeter for vertical detection of the ionosphere.
Note: Rewrite QXT252-2014, definition 2, 24
This standard specifies the composition, functional requirements, performance requirements, data processing, data storage and transmission of ionospheric altimeters. This standard applies to the research and development, design and production, equipment selection, station networking construction and acceptance evaluation of ionospheric altimeters.

ICS07.060
Meteorological Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
QX/T490—2019
Technical requirements of ionospheric altimeter
ionosonde Industry Standard Information Service Platform
Released on September 18, 2019
China Meteorological Administration
Implementation on December 1, 2019
Industry Standard Information Service Platform
Terms and Definitions
Functional Requirements
Performance Requirements
Data Processing System
Data Storage and Transmission System
Equipment Environmental Adaptability Requirements
Reliability, Maintainability and Life
10 Technical Data and Spare Parts
References
QX/T490—2019
Industry Standard Information Service Platform
Industry Standard Information Service Platform
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1—2009. QX/T490-—2019
This standard is proposed and managed by the Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Subcommittee of the National Satellite Meteorology and Space Weather Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC347/SC3).
The drafting unit of this standard: National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center). The main drafters of this standard: Wang Yungang, Mao Tian, ​​and Lv Jingtian. Industry Standard Information Service PlatformbzxZ.net
Industry Standard Information Service Platform
1 Scope
Technical requirements for ionospheric altimeters
QX/T490—2019
This standard specifies the composition, functional requirements, performance requirements, data processing, data storage and transmission of ionospheric altimeters. This standard applies to the research and development, design and production, equipment selection, station network construction and acceptance evaluation of ionospheric altimeters. 2 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 2.1
ionospheric altimeterionospheric vertical sounding technology for routine observation of the ionosphere from the ground by transmitting frequency-sweeping radio waves. [QX/T252-2014, definition 2.21]
ionospheric vertical sounding technology for routine observation of the ionosphere from the ground using an ionospheric altimeter Note: This technology transmits radio pulses with a frequency that changes with time vertically upward, and receives the ionospheric reflection signals of these pulses at the same location. The transmission delay of the round-trip radio waves is measured, thereby obtaining a curve of the relationship between the reflection height and the frequency. [QX/T252-2014, definition 2.22]
virtual height
In ionospheric vertical sounding, the height of the ionospheric reflection surface calculated by assuming that the radio waves propagate at the speed of light in a vacuum. [QX/T252—2014 definition 2.23]
ionogram
ionogram
The relationship between the radio wave frequency and the virtual height obtained when the ionospheric acoustic detection is performed using an ionospheric altimeter. Note: Rewrite QX/T252—2014. definition 2.24. 2.5
criticalfrequency
critical frequency
service platform
The maximum frequency of radio waves that can be vertically reflected by each layer of the ionosphere, generally referred to as the critical frequency of the search parameter. [QXT252—2014, definition 2.25]
3 Composition
Usually includes: ionospheric altimeter host, antenna system, data processing system, data storage and transmission system, etc. 4 Functional requirements
4.1 The ionosphere should be automatically detected vertically and a clear and complete ionogram should be obtained. 1
QX/T490—2019
4.2 It shall automatically obtain the F, layer critical frequency (foF,), F, layer virtual height (hF,) and other ionospheric vertical observation characteristic parameters from the ionogram, and shall automatically invert the ionospheric electron density profile. 4.3 It shall be able to automatically store the ionospheric vertical observation raw data, ionogram, ionogram trace, ionospheric vertical observation characteristic parameters, ionospheric electron density profile and other products, and automatically transmit the above files. 5 Performance requirements
5.1 Ionospheric altimeter host
The main technical performance indicators are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Main technical performance indicators of the host
Peak power
Sweep range
Virtual height range
Altitude resolution
Sweep mode
Sweep period
Observation time
5.2 Antenna system
5.2.1 The antenna system consists of a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna. Indicators
1MHz~30MHz
80km1000km
The number of frequency points and frequency values ​​should be set, accurate to 0.01MHz. The sweep period containing 200 frequency points should not be greater than 300.5. It should be set and use Beidou time synchronization. 5.2.2 The transmitting antenna can use a triangular antenna or a folded dipole antenna, etc., and the receiving antenna can use a triangular antenna, a folded dipole antenna or an orthogonal loop antenna, etc.
5.2.3 The size of the transmitting antenna is required to be no more than 30m in height and no more than 50m in horizontal part. 6 Data processing system
6.1 Automatic measurement of ionogram
6.1.2 The automatic measurement software of ionogram can automatically extract the vertical observation characteristic parameters of ionospheric layer such as o and h layer critical frequency (foF), F layer virtual height (hF), E layer critical frequency (foE), E layer virtual height (h'E,), minimum frequency (fm), maximum frequency (fI) and radio wave propagation M factor from the ionogram
6.1.3 Under the condition of calm space weather, the automatic measurement software of ionogram should identify no less than 50% of the ionograms. Under the condition of calm space weather, the foF2 obtained by the automatic measurement software of ionogram should be compared with the manual measurement. The deviation of the foF obtained by automatic measurement and the manual measurement within the range of ±0.2MHz should reach more than 80%. 6.2 Inversion of ionospheric electron density profile
6.2.1 The ionospheric altimeter system should be equipped with ionospheric electron density inversion software. 6.2.2 The ionospheric electron density inversion software can obtain the ionospheric electron density profile based on the ionogram. 2
7 Data storage and transmission system
QX/T490—2019
7.1 The ionospheric altimeter system should automatically store the ionospheric vertical observation raw data, ionograms and ionogram traces, ionospheric vertical observation characteristic parameters, ionospheric electron density profiles, etc. 7.2 The raw data should be compatible with the SBF (Single Block Format) format of the ionospheric altimeter. 7.3 The ionogram should be saved with a visual graphic file, preferably in the portable network image format (PNG). 7.4 The ionospheric vertical observation characteristic parameter file should contain information such as observation time, station number, foF, h'F2, foF1, hF, foE, h'E, fminf.I and M factor.
7.5 The ionospheric altimeter system should be equipped with storage space for storing no less than 6 years of continuous observation data. 7.6 The ionospheric altimeter system should be equipped with automatic data transmission software. 7.7
The ionospheric altimeter data transmission software should realize the functions of real-time transmission and supplementary transmission of ionospheric altimeter observation data. 8 Equipment environmental adaptability requirements
8.1 Outdoor equipment environmental adaptability requirements
8.1.1 Working voltage: AC 220V±33V, 50Hz3Hz8.1.2 Working temperature: -40℃C～+50℃. 8.1.3 Relative humidity: Normal operation when less than or equal to 100%. 8.1.4 Wind resistance: normal operation when the instantaneous wind speed is not more than 37m/s, no damage when the instantaneous wind speed is not more than 51m/s, special areas need to refer to the maximum wind speed record.
8.1.5 Other defense capabilities: lightning protection, salt spray protection and dust protection. 8.2 Indoor equipment environmental adaptability requirements
8.2.1 Working voltage: AC 220V ± 33V. 50Hz ± 3Hz8.2.2 Uninterruptible power supply: equipped with an uninterruptible power supply with a power of not less than 5kW and a backup time of not less than 2h. 8.2.3 Working temperature: -10℃~40℃.
8.2.4 Relative humidity: Normal operation when less than or equal to 80%, standard signal
9 Reliability, maintainability and life
9.1 Under the condition of 24-hour uninterrupted operation, the mean time between failures (MTBF) of the ionospheric altimeter shall not be less than 4000h. 9.3 The design life of the ionospheric altimeter shall not be less than 5a. Technical data and spare parts
10.1 The ionospheric altimeter should be equipped with complete technical documentation, including instructions for use, working principle diagram, circuit diagram, operation process, precautions, installation and debugging methods and maintenance guide, etc., to ensure the correct installation and normal operation of the equipment. 10.2 The ionospheric altimeter should be equipped with at least 3 consumable components and necessary spare parts and lists when leaving the factory, and equipped with special installation and debugging tools and instruments.
QX/T490—2019
References
[1]］QX/T195—2013 Specification for Ionospheric Vertical Sounding[2]
QX/T252—2014
Ionospheric Terminology
Industry Standard Information Service Platform
Industry Standard Information Service Platform
People's Republic of China
Industry Standard
Meteorological Industry Standard
Ionospheric Altimeter Technology Requirements
QX/T4902019
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