GBJ 27-1988 Specification for hydrogeological survey for water supply GBJ27-88
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Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Specification for Hydrogeological Investigation for Water Supply
GBJ27—88
Beijing 1989
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
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National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Specification for Hydrogeological Investigation for Water Supply
GBJ27—88
Editor Department: Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People's Republic of China Approval Department: State Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China Effective Date: October 1, 1988
China Planning Publishing
1989
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Notice on the Release of "Specifications for Hydrogeological Exploration for Water Supply"
Ji Biao [1988] No. 43
According to the notice of the State Planning Commission's Ji Zong [1986] No. 250, the "Specifications for Hydrogeological Exploration for Water Supply" TJ27-78, which was revised jointly by the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry and relevant departments, has been reviewed by relevant departments. The revised "Specifications for Hydrogeological Exploration for Water Supply" GBJ27-88 is now approved as a national standard and will be implemented from October 1, 1988. The original "Specifications for Hydrogeological Exploration for Water Supply" TJ27-78 will be abolished at the same time. This specification is managed by the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry. The specific interpretation and other work shall be undertaken by the Wuhan Survey and Research Institute of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry. The publication and distribution shall be undertaken by China Planning Press. State Planning Commission
January 9, 1988
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Revision Notes
This specification is edited by the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry in accordance with the requirements of the State Planning Commission's Document No. {1986]250. Specifically, the Wuhan Survey and Research Institute of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry, together with 10 units such as relevant survey, scientific research and colleges and universities, has revised the original "Water Supply Hydrogeological Survey Specification" TJ27-78. During the revision process, the revision group conducted a relatively in-depth investigation and research on the topics in response to the problems found in the implementation of the original specification and the new requirements put forward in production, combined with the new achievements of relevant scientific research in recent years, and held 3 national technical conferences and solicited opinions in writing many times. Finally, the Ministry of Metallurgy and relevant departments reviewed and finalized it. This specification is divided into 9 parts and 5 appendices. The main contents of the revision are: the division and requirements of the survey stage; the requirements for image interpretation and mapping; the requirements for the filling specifications of the filling filter; the accuracy requirements for the allowable groundwater extraction volume. And the provisions of the three appendices of the report writing outline, stratigraphic symbols and legend symbols are added. In the process of implementing this specification, it is hoped that all units will pay attention to accumulating information and summarizing experience. If you find that there is a need for modification and supplementation, please send your opinions and relevant information to the National Standard Management Group of the "Water Supply Hydrogeological Survey Specification" of the Wuhan Survey and Research Institute of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry (Qingshan District, Wuhan City) for reference in future revisions. Ministry of Metallurgical Industry
January 1988
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Main Symbols
Chapter 1 General Provisions
Chapter 2 Hydrogeological Surveying and Mapping
Section 1
General Provisions.
Section 2 Contents and Requirements of Hydrogeological Surveying and Mapping Section 3 Special Requirements for Hydrogeological Surveying and Mapping in Various Regions Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Geophysical Exploration
Pumping Test
Section 1
General Provisions
Section 2
Filter
Section 3
Section 4
Chapter 6||tt ||Chapter 7
Steady flow pumping test
Unsteady flow pumping test
........
Dynamic observation of groundwater
Calculation of hydrogeological parameters
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
General provisions
Permeability coefficient
.......
Water supply and water release coefficient
Influence radius
Precipitation infiltration coefficient
Chapter 8 Groundwater Resources Evaluation
Section 1 Water Quality Evaluation
Section 2 Water Quantity Evaluation
Chapter 9 Groundwater Resources Protection
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006.06600.000600
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Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
Appendix 4
Appendix 5
Outline for Writing Water Supply Hydrogeological Survey Report Stratigraphic Symbols
Common Legends and Symbols for Water Supply Hydrogeological Survey Soil Classification
Terms Used in This Code
Additional Notes
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Main Symbols
B——Width of calculation section (m), leakage coefficient; E——Evaporation of groundwater (m/d);
F——Area of aquifer, precipitation infiltration area (m2); H——Thickness of phreatic aquifer under natural conditions (m); h——Height of pressure head of confined water aquifer from the top plate, thickness of phreatic aquifer during pumping test, water level height of phreatic aquifer in observation hole before precipitation, thickness of phreatic aquifer when water level is restored (m);
h——Thickness of phreatic aquifer under natural conditions and the average thickness during the pumping test (m);
-the square difference between the thickness H of the phreatic aquifer under natural conditions and the thickness h during the pumping test (m2);
-the hydraulic gradient of groundwater;
permeability coefficient (m/a);
the length of the filter (m);
M-the thickness of the confined water aquifer (m); mi
the slope at the inflection point of the curve;
the water output, groundwater runoff, and precipitation infiltration recharge (m/d); the radius of influence (m);
the radius of the pumping well filter, and the distance from the observation hole to the pumping well (m); S——water release coefficient of confined water aquifer; s——water level drop value, residual drop value when water level recovers (m); t——time;
V——volume of phreatic aquifer (m\); Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
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w(u)——well function;
W——groundwater storage capacity, elastic storage capacity (m\); △W——difference in groundwater storage capacity on the same day in two consecutive years (m/a); x——precipitation (m);
α——precipitation infiltration coefficient;
μ——water supply degree of phreatic aquifer.
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Chapter 1 General Provisions
Article 1.0.1 In order to do a good job in water supply hydrogeological survey, correctly reflect the hydrogeological conditions, and reasonably evaluate, develop and protect groundwater resources, this specification is specially formulated.
Article 1.0.2 This specification is applicable to water supply hydrogeological surveys in towns and industrial and mining enterprises.
Note: The water supply hydrogeological survey of mineral water can be carried out in accordance with this specification. Article 1.0.3 Before the start of the hydrogeological survey, the survey tasks and requirements must be clarified, the existing data must be collected and analyzed, the on-site survey must be conducted, and the survey outline must be proposed. After the hydrogeological survey is completed, a water supply hydrogeological survey report should be compiled. Article 1.0.4 The content and workload of hydrogeological survey work shall be determined based on comprehensive consideration of factors such as the complexity of hydrogeological conditions, the amount of water demand, the degree of work carried out in different survey stages and regions, and the groundwater resource evaluation method to be selected.
Article 1.0.5 Hydrogeological survey work is divided into five stages: groundwater resource investigation, survey, detailed investigation, exploration and exploitation. The results of hydrogeological survey work at different survey stages shall meet the requirements of the corresponding planning and design stages. Article 1.0.6. The tasks and depth of the survey stage should meet the following requirements: 1. During the groundwater resource survey stage, the regional hydrogeological conditions should be roughly understood, and the groundwater-rich areas and their allowable groundwater extraction volume should be estimated. The allowable extraction volume proposed should meet the E-level accuracy requirements to provide a basis for the national economic long-term planning. 2. During the survey stage, the hydrogeological conditions of the region or water-demand area should be roughly evaluated, and data on the possibility of meeting the groundwater volume required for the design should be proposed. For areas that may be rich in water, the allowable groundwater extraction volume should be estimated. The allowable extraction volume proposed should meet the D-level accuracy requirements to provide a basis for urban planning, overall design of construction projects or site selection.
3. During the detailed investigation stage, the hydrogeological conditions of several areas that may be rich in water should be basically ascertained, the groundwater resources should be preliminarily evaluated, and the water source plans should be compared. The proposed groundwater allowable extraction volume should meet the accuracy requirements of Class C, providing a basis for the preliminary design of the water source.
4. During the exploration stage, the hydrogeological conditions of the proposed water source area should be ascertained, the groundwater resources should be further evaluated, and a reasonable extraction plan should be proposed. The proposed groundwater allowable extraction volume should meet the accuracy requirements of Class B, providing a basis for the technical design and construction design of the water source.
5. During the extraction stage, the possibility of expanding the extraction of the water source should be ascertained, or the causes of water reduction, water quality deterioration, and adverse engineering geological phenomena should be studied. Based on the extraction dynamics and special test research data, the re-evaluated allowable extraction volume should meet the accuracy requirements of Class A, providing a basis for the reasonable extraction and protection of groundwater resources. Article 1.0.7 In addition to being compatible with the design stage, the exploration stage can also be simplified and merged according to the actual conditions such as water demand, existing data, and hydrogeological conditions. The allowable mining volume proposed after simplification and merging of the survey stage should meet the accuracy requirements of the high stage.
Article 1.0.8 When the hydrogeological conditions are simple, there are more existing data, the water source has been basically determined, and a few tube wells can meet the water demand requirements, exploration and mining can be directly drilled. For exploration boreholes with use value, if they do not affect the unified mining layout, they can also be combined.
Article 1.0.9 In addition to the provisions of this specification, the provisions of the current relevant national standards shall also be implemented for water supply hydrogeological survey work. Engineering 2 Construction Standard Full-text Information System
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Chapter 2
Hydrogeological Surveying and Mapping
Section 1 General Provisions
Article 2.1.1 Hydrogeological surveying and mapping should be carried out on the basis of a topographic geological map with a scale greater than or equal to the surveying and mapping scale. If there is only a topographic map of the above scale but no geological map or the accuracy of the geological map does not meet the requirements, geological mapping and hydrogeological mapping should be carried out simultaneously.
Article 2.1.2 The scale of hydrogeological mapping should be 1:200,000 to 1:50,000 in the survey stage; 1:50,000 to 1:25,000 in the detailed survey stage; 1:10,000 or larger in the exploration stage. Article 2.1.3 The observation route of hydrogeological mapping should be arranged according to the following requirements: 1. Along the vertical rock layer (or magmatic rock body) and tectonic line; 2. Along the direction of significant landform changes;
3. Along the river valley, gully and groundwater outcrop areas; 4. Along the aquifer (belt) direction.
Article 2.1.4 The observation points for hydrogeological surveying and mapping should be arranged at the following locations: 1. Stratigraphic boundaries, fault lines, fold axes, contact zones between magmatic rocks and surrounding rocks, marker layers, typical outcrops and lithology, lithofacies change zones, etc.; 2. Geomorphic boundaries and natural geological phenomena; 3. Wells, springs, boreholes, mines, karez, surface subsidence, karst water points (such as underground river entrances and exits, sinkholes, underground lakes) and surface water bodies, etc. Article 2.1.5 The number of observation points and route length per square kilometer for hydrogeological surveying and mapping can be determined according to Table 2.1.5.
Article 2.1.6 When conducting hydrogeological surveying and mapping, existing remote sensing image data can be used for interpretation and mapping to reduce field workload and improve the accuracy of maps. Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
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Number of observation points and route length of hydrogeological surveying and mappingNumber of geological observation points (pieces/km)
Surveying scale
1100000bzxz.net
1:50000
1:25000
1:10000
Loose layer area
Bedrock area
0.10~0.30
0.25~0.75
4.50~9.00||tt| |0.80~3.60
Hydrogeological observation
(piece/Km2)
0.10~0.25
0.30~0.60
00~3 yuan
3.00~8.00
Length of observation route
(piece/Km2)
0.50~1.00
1.00~2.00
4.50~7.00
Note: When geological surveying and hydrogeological surveying are carried out at the same time, the number of geological observation points in the table should be multiplied by 2.5. Article 2.1.7 The selection of remote sensing image data should meet the following requirements: 1. The scale of aerial photographs should be close to that of mapping; 2. Land satellite images should use 1:500000 or 1:250000 black and white photographs of different bands at different times and color synthesis or other enhanced images; 3. The scale of thermal infrared images should not be less than 1:50000. Article 2.1.8 The field work of remote sensing image mapping should include the following work contents:
1. Verification of interpretation marks;
2. Verification of interpretation results;
3. Verification of extrapolation results;
4. Data that is difficult to obtain for indoor interpretation should be supplemented in the field. Article 2.1.9 The field workload of remote sensing image mapping, the number of observation points per square kilometer and the length of the route may be subject to the following provisions: 1. The number of geological observation points should be 30% to 50% of the number of geological observation points in hydrogeological surveying and mapping; 2. The number of hydrogeological observation points should be 70% to 100% of the number of hydrogeological observation points in hydrogeological surveying and mapping; 3. The number of hydrogeological observation points should be 70% to 100% of the number of hydrogeological observation points in hydrogeological surveying and mapping;Article 2 The scale of hydrogeological surveying should be 1:200000~1:50000 in the survey stage; 1:50000~1:25000 in the detailed survey stage; 1:10000 or larger in the exploration stage. Article 2.1.3 The observation route of hydrogeological surveying should be arranged according to the following requirements: 1. Along the vertical rock layer (or magmatic rock body) and tectonic line; 2. Along the direction of significant landform changes;
3. Along the river valley, gully and groundwater outcrop areas; 4. Along the aquifer (zone).
Article 2.1.4 The observation points for hydrogeological surveying and mapping should be arranged at the following locations: 1. Stratigraphic boundaries, fault lines, fold axes, contact zones between magmatic rocks and surrounding rocks, marker layers, typical outcrops and lithology, lithofacies change zones, etc.; 2. Geomorphic boundaries and natural geological phenomena; 3. Wells, springs, boreholes, mines, karez, surface subsidence, karst water points (such as underground river entrances and exits, sinkholes, underground lakes) and surface water bodies, etc. Article 2.1.5 The number of observation points and route length per square kilometer for hydrogeological surveying and mapping can be determined according to Table 2.1.5.
Article 2.1.6 When conducting hydrogeological surveying and mapping, existing remote sensing image data can be used for interpretation and mapping to reduce field workload and improve the accuracy of maps. Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
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Number of observation points and route length of hydrogeological surveying and mappingNumber of geological observation points (pieces/km)
Surveying scale
1100000
1:50000
1:25000
1:10000
Loose layer area
Bedrock area
0.10~0.30
0.25~0.75
4.50~9.00||tt| |0.80~3.60
Hydrogeological observation
(piece/Km2)
0.10~0.25
0.30~0.60
00~3 yuan
3.00~8.00
Length of observation route
(piece/Km2)
0.50~1.00
1.00~2.00
4.50~7.00
Note: When geological surveying and hydrogeological surveying are carried out at the same time, the number of geological observation points in the table should be multiplied by 2.5. Article 2.1.7 The selection of remote sensing image data should meet the following requirements: 1. The scale of aerial photographs should be close to that of mapping; 2. Land satellite images should use 1:500000 or 1:250000 black and white photographs of different bands at different times and color synthesis or other enhanced images; 3. The scale of thermal infrared images should not be less than 1:50000. Article 2.1.8 The field work of remote sensing image mapping should include the following work contents:
1. Verification of interpretation marks;
2. Verification of interpretation results;
3. Verification of extrapolation results;
4. Data that is difficult to obtain for indoor interpretation should be supplemented in the field. Article 2.1.9 The field workload of remote sensing image mapping, the number of observation points per square kilometer and the length of the route may be subject to the following provisions: 1. The number of geological observation points should be 30% to 50% of the number of geological observation points in hydrogeological surveying and mapping; 2. The number of hydrogeological observation points should be 70% to 100% of the number of hydrogeological observation points in hydrogeological surveying and mapping; 3. The number of hydrogeological observation points should be 70% to 100% of the number of hydrogeological observation points in hydrogeological surveying and mapping;Article 2 The scale of hydrogeological surveying should be 1:200000~1:50000 in the survey stage; 1:50000~1:25000 in the detailed survey stage; 1:10000 or larger in the exploration stage. Article 2.1.3 The observation route of hydrogeological surveying should be arranged according to the following requirements: 1. Along the vertical rock layer (or magmatic rock body) and tectonic line; 2. Along the direction of significant landform changes;
3. Along the river valley, gully and groundwater outcrop areas; 4. Along the aquifer (zone).
Article 2.1.4 The observation points for hydrogeological surveying and mapping should be arranged at the following locations: 1. Stratigraphic boundaries, fault lines, fold axes, contact zones between magmatic rocks and surrounding rocks, marker layers, typical outcrops and lithology, lithofacies change zones, etc.; 2. Geomorphic boundaries and natural geological phenomena; 3. Wells, springs, boreholes, mines, karez, surface subsidence, karst water points (such as underground river entrances and exits, sinkholes, underground lakes) and surface water bodies, etc. Article 2.1.5 The number of observation points and route length per square kilometer for hydrogeological surveying and mapping can be determined according to Table 2.1.5.
Article 2.1.6 When conducting hydrogeological surveying and mapping, existing remote sensing image data can be used for interpretation and mapping to reduce field workload and improve the accuracy of maps. Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
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Number of observation points and route length of hydrogeological surveying and mappingNumber of geological observation points (pieces/km)
Surveying scale
1100000
1:50000
1:25000
1:10000
Loose layer area
Bedrock area
0.10~0.30
0.25~0.75
4.50~9.00||tt| |0.80~3.60
Hydrogeological observation
(piece/Km2)
0.10~0.25
0.30~0.60
00~3 yuan
3.00~8.00
Length of observation route
(piece/Km2)
0.50~1.00
1.00~2.00
4.50~7.00
Note: When geological surveying and hydrogeological surveying are carried out at the same time, the number of geological observation points in the table should be multiplied by 2.5. Article 2.1.7 The selection of remote sensing image data should meet the following requirements: 1. The scale of aerial photographs should be close to that of mapping; 2. Land satellite images should use 1:500000 or 1:250000 black and white photographs of different bands at different times and color synthesis or other enhanced images; 3. The scale of thermal infrared images should not be less than 1:50000. Article 2.1.8 The field work of remote sensing image mapping should include the following work contents:
1. Verification of interpretation marks;
2. Verification of interpretation results;
3. Verification of extrapolation results;
4. Data that is difficult to obtain for indoor interpretation should be supplemented in the field. Article 2.1.9 The field workload of remote sensing image mapping, the number of observation points per square kilometer and the length of the route may be subject to the following provisions: 1. The number of geological observation points should be 30% to 50% of the number of geological observation points in hydrogeological surveying and mapping; 2. The number of hydrogeological observation points should be 70% to 100% of the number of hydrogeological observation points in hydrogeological surveying and mapping; 3. The number of hydrogeological observation points should be 70% to 100% of the number of hydrogeological observation points in hydrogeological surveying and mapping;
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