GB/T 5271.23-2000 Information technology vocabulary Part 23: Text processing
Some standard content:
GB/T5271.23-2000
This standard is equivalent to the international standard IS0)/IEC2382-23:1994 "Information Technology Vocabulary Part 23: Text Processing". Except for the introduction of the original international standard, this standard is basically consistent with the original international standard in other contents and forms. The purpose of formulating information technology vocabulary standards is to facilitate international communication in information processing. It provides the terms and definitions of concepts related to the field of information processing, and clarifies the relationship between each terminology entry. This standard defines concepts such as text processing, text editor, text output and text editing.
The GB/T5271 terminology series national standards consists of more than 30 parts, all under the general title "Information Technology Vocabulary". This standard is the 23rd part of the GB/T5271 terminology series national standards. This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Information Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the China Electronics Standardization Institute. The drafting unit of this standard: China Electronics Standardization Institute. The main drafters of this standard: Chen Ying, Chen Qiu, Xiang Weiliang. 31G
GB/T5271.232000
ISO/IEC Foreword
ISO () (International Organization for Standardization) and IFC (International Electrotechnical Commission) are specialized organizations for standardization worldwide. National member bodies (they are all members of ISO) or IEC) participate in the formulation of international standards for specific technical scopes through various technical committees established by international organizations. ISO) and IEC's technical committees cooperate in areas of common interest. Other official and non-official international organizations associated with ISO) and IEC can also participate in the formulation of international standards. For information technology, ISO) and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC1. The draft international standards proposed by the joint technical committee need to be distributed to national member bodies for voting. To publish an international standard, at least 75% of the national member bodies participating in the vote must vote in favor.
International Standard ISO/IEC2382-23 was prepared by SC1 Vocabulary Subcommittee of ISO/IECJTC1 Joint Technical Committee on Information Technology.
IS0/IEC2382 consists of more than 30 parts, all under the general title "Information technology vocabulary". 317
1 Overview
1.1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Information technology--- VocabularyPart 23: Text processing
GB/T 5271. 23—2000
eqv ISO/1EC 2382-23:1994
This part of the standard is formulated to facilitate international communication in information processing. This standard gives the terms and definitions of concepts related to the field of information processing and clarifies the relationship between these items. In order to facilitate the translation of this standard into other languages, the definitions given avoid language specificity as much as possible. This standard defines concepts such as text processing, text editor, text output and text editing. 1.2 Referenced standards
The clauses contained in the following standards constitute the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB/T2659--1994 Codes for names of countries and regions in the world (eqvISO3166:1988) GB/T15237.--1994 Basic vocabulary of terminology (eqvIS1087:1990) 1.3 Principles and rules to be followed
1.3.1 Definition of entries
Chapter 2 includes many entries. Each entry consists of several required elements, including an index number, a term or several synonyms, and a phrase that defines a concept. In addition, an entry may include examples, notes, or explanations to facilitate understanding of the concept. Sometimes the same term can be defined by different entries. Or an entry can include two or more concepts. See 1.3.5 and 1.3.8 for explanation. This standard uses other terms, such as vocabulary, concepts, terms and definitions, whose meanings are defined in GB/T 15237. 1.3.2 Composition of entries
Each entry includes the necessary elements specified in 1.3.1, and some additional elements may be added if necessary. The entries include the following elements in the following order:
a) an index number (common to all languages in which this standard is published);
b) a term or preferred term in a language. If there is no preferred term for a concept in a language, it is indicated by a five-dot symbol (.···); in each term, a row of dots is used to indicate the selected term in each specific instance;
c) the preferred term of a country (indicated according to the rules of GB/T 2659);
d) an abbreviation of the term;
e) permitted synonyms;
f) the text of the definition (see 1.3.4);
g) one or more examples beginning with "Example";
h) one or more notes beginning with "Note" indicating the application area of the concept and indicating special instances;
i) pictures, diagrams or tables common to the entries. Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on July 14, 2000 318Www.bzxZ.net
Implemented on March 1, 2001
1.3.3 Classification of terms
GB/T5271.23—2000
Each part of this series of standards is assigned a two-digit serial number, starting with 01, which indicates "basic terms". Terms are classified into groups, and each group is assigned a four-digit serial number; the first two digits indicate the part of the standard in which the group is located.
Each term is assigned a six-digit index number; the first four digits indicate the standard part and group in which the term is located. In order to make the versions of this series of standards in different languages related, the serial numbers assigned to the standard parts, groups and terms should be the same. 1.3.4 Choice of terms and definitions
Terms and definitions should be selected in accordance with the prescribed usage as much as possible. In case of contradictions, the majority agreement method shall be adopted. 1.3.5 Polysemy
If a given term has several meanings in a working language, each meaning is given a separate entry to facilitate translation into other languages.
1.3.6 Abbreviations
As indicated in 1.3.2, currently used abbreviations are assigned to some terms. These abbreviations are not used in the text of definitions, examples or notes.
1.3.7 Use of parentheses
In some terms, a word or words printed in bold are placed in parentheses. These words are part of the complete term. When the use of abbreviated terms in technical texts does not affect the meaning of the context, these words can be abbreviated. In the main text of definitions, examples or notes of GB/T5271, these terms are used in full form. In some entries, the term is followed by text in normal font placed in parentheses. These words are not part of the term, but indicate relevant information about the use of the term, such as its special application scope, or its grammatical form. 1.3.8 Use of square brackets
If the definitions of several closely related terms differ by only a few words, these terms and their definitions are grouped together in one entry. Alternative words to indicate different meanings are placed in square brackets in the same order as in the term and in the definition. To avoid ambiguity of the replaced word, the last word placed before the brackets according to the above rules may be placed inside the square brackets and repeated for each change. 1.3.9 Use of boldface terms and use of asterisks in definitions When a term is printed in boldface in a definition, example or note, it means that the term has been defined in other entries of this vocabulary. However, the term is printed in boldface only when it first appears in each entry. Boldface is also used for other grammatical forms of a term, such as plural nouns and participle forms of verbs. The basic forms of all terms that appear in boldface in GB/T 5271 are listed in the index at the end of this part (see 1.3.11). When two boldface terms are cited in an unspecified entry, one immediately following the other, separate them with an asterisk (or simply with punctuation).
Words or terms appearing in plain font are to be understood as defined in general dictionaries or authoritative technical vocabulary. 1.3.10 Spelling
In the English version of this series of standards, the spelling of terms, definitions, examples, and notes generally follows the American English spelling. Other correct spellings may be used without conflicting with this series of standards. 1.3.11 Compilation of index tables
For each language used, an alphabetical index is provided at the end of each part. The index includes all the terms defined in that part. Multi-word terms appear in alphabetical order after each keyword. 2 Terms and definitions
23 Text processing
23.01 General terms
23.01.01 Text; text
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Data that expresses a meaning in characters, symbols, words, phrases, paragraphs, sentences, tables or other character arrangements based on the reader's understanding of a natural or artificial language. Example: business correspondence printed on paper or displayed on a screen. 23.01.02 Text processing word processing
Data processing operations on text, such as entry, text editing, sorting, merging, retrieval, storage, display or printing. 23. 01.03 text processor word processor
software package or device with related software that enables a user to perform text processing. 23.01.04 text editing editing (in text processing) manipulation of text using a text processor, such as rearranging or changing text, including additions, deletions, or reformatting. 23.01.05 document (in text processing) a named, structured collection of text and possibly images that can be stored, edited, retrieved, and exchanged as a single unit between systems or users. 5 draft copy
23. 01. 06
initial version of a document prepared for review, approval, or editing. 23.02 text and document structure
23.02.01 document architecture document architecture a complete set of interrelated rules that define the possible structure of a document based on a particular text processing environment. 23. 02.02 document profile a collection of attributes that specify the characteristics of an entire document, such as its type and format. 23. 02. 03
layout object layout object
an element of a document's specific layout structure. Examples: page, block.
logical object
an element of a document's specific logical structure that has some significance to an application or user. Examples: chapter, section, paragraph.
document body
the contents of a document, including text and layout information, but excluding the document profile. 23. 02.06 format (in text processing) the specific arrangement or layout of text in printed form, for display, or on a data medium. formatting (in text processing) 23.02.07
the preparation of text layout by a text editor or other text processing software according to user-specified standards. 23.02.08 line
line of text
a sequence of characters, usually consisting of words and spaces, usually aligned on a baseline by formatting. Note: The length of a line is determined by the space available at that point in the formatting process. 23.02.09 baseline
reference line
the basic horizontal line used to align characters and measure the vertical distance between lines. 23.02.10 line spacing
the distance between the baselines of successive lines.
23.02.11 text area
type area
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the area on a single page or screen where text or other graphic elements normally appear. 23.02.12 character box bounding box
An imaginary parallelogram that contains all the parts of a graphic character on the screen or printed surface. NOTE: Character boxes may overlap to adjust the spacing between characters or to allow adjacent characters to be joined. 23.02.13 block (in text processing) A user-defined fragment of text that can be subjected to text processing operations. 23.02.14 pictorial character* A character from the predefined group of characters that can be used to form simple graphics, such as lines, boxes, diagrams, icons, or charts. 23.02.15 automatic footnote tie-in A function that automatically adds footnotes to the bottom of the page where the footnote reference number appears, or to a specified location. 23.03
Display functions
23.03.01 scrolling
Moving the displayed image horizontally or vertically so that previously invisible data appears within the boundaries of the screen or window. windowing
The technique of using windows to display different data concurrently or to control different applications separately. 23.03.03 browsing (in text processing) browsing (in text processing) Rapidly viewing displayed text by scrolling. 23.03.04 full-page display full-page display The display of as many lines of text or graphics as can be printed on a page. 23.03.05 print preview printpreview A full-page display of a document, close to the form in which the page will be printed. Note: The print preview function must be requested by the user; the WYSIWYG function provides a continuous display of text as it is printed. 23.03.06 preview program previewer
print preview* software.
What-you-see-is-what-you-get23.03.07
WYSIWYG (abbreviation) WYSIWYG (abbreviation) A feature of a text processor that displays the contents of a text in a continuous manner that approximates printed form. Note: WYSIWYG provides continuous display of the same function as printing, whereas print preview must be requested by the user. 23.03.08 Hidden character Characters that are not normally printed or displayed.
Example: embedded control characters.
1 Text editing
Deletedelete
A function or method that enables a user to delete all or part of previously entered text. 23.04.021
Savesave
A function or method that enables a user to store a file on a data medium in order to preserve changes to the file's contents over time. 23.04.03 undo
A function that enables the user to undo the effects of the most recently executed command. Note: Some commands are not undoable.
23.04.04 append (in text processing) 321
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A function or method that enables the user to append a new file or string of characters to the end of previously entered text. 23.04.05 boilerplate
Store* text for reuse in multiple files. 23.04.06 formletter
A letter stored on a data medium that includes standard text and is made more specific by adding information such as the name and address of one or more recipients.
Spellingchecker; a program in a text processor that checks the spelling of words in a text. Note: The check may be performed while the text is being entered, or during subsequent processing. 23.04.08 Grammar checker is a software that compares the grammatical features of a text with built-in syntax and then suggests how to correct it. 23.04.09 Style checker is a software that compares the style features of a text with built-in writing rules and then suggests how to improve the style. 23.04.10 insert
A function or method that enables the user to introduce additional text into an existing text; the text is automatically reflowed to accommodate the added text.
23.04.11 replace replace
A function or method that enables the user to replace a specified portion of an existing text. 23.04.12 search (in text processing) search find
A function or method that enables the user to locate the occurrence of a particular string of characters, embedded commands, or characters with certain specific attributes in a text.
23.04.13 search and replace
search and replace.
find and replace findandreplace
A function or method that enables the user to locate the occurrence of a particular string of characters, embedded commands, or characters with certain specific attributes in a text and replace them with a given text.
Note: This function or method may be performed on part of a file or on the entire file. 23.04.14 Global search and replace Global search and replace allows the user to find and replace all occurrences of a particular string of characters, embedded commands, or characters with certain attributes in a file and replace them with a given text automatically or under the control of the user. 23.04.15 Backward search; reverse search Reverse find
A function or method of searching from any position in a file toward the beginning of the file. Block move (in text processing) 23. 04. 16
A function that allows the user to specify a block of text and move it to another position in the file or to another file. 23. 04. 17 Cut and paste A function that allows the user to move or copy text or graphics from a file to the clipboard for use in the same file or in a different file.
23.04.18 Clipboardclipboard
A storage area that temporarily stores text or graphics for reuse in the same file or in a different file. 23.04.19 Blockcopy
A function that enables the user to copy a block of text in a file and insert it into another location in the file or into another file. 322
23.04.20 Word wrap
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A function that automatically places the entire word on the next line when the length of a word and its associated punctuation exceeds the available space on a line. Wraparoundin text pracessing)23.04.21
A function that automatically places text entered at the end of a line at the beginning of the next line. 23. 04. 22
embedded command (in text processing)A text processing command entered as part of a text entry, interpreted when a file is formatted for print preview or when creating a print document, or when a file is printed. 3no-breakspace
hard space
A space in a string of characters represented by a special character where the text processor does not break the string. Example: the space in the number 12000 or the expression George V. Note: No-breakspace can also be achieved with embedded commands. 23.04.24soft hyphen
discretionary hyphenA special character inserted automatically or marked by the user where a word can be broken or where a word must be broken at the end of a line because there is no space to complete the word. Note: The hyphen elimination function works on soft hyphens. 23.04.25 hard hyphen
required hyphen
a hyphen required in the spelling of a word or expression, regardless of its position on the line. Note: the hyphen removal function does not work on hard hyphens. 23.04.26 hyphen drop a function that ensures that soft hyphens do not appear in a word when the words do not need to be separated. 23.04.27
range specification a function that specifies the beginning and end of a string of characters.
Note: a range can be specified as a word, line, paragraph, sentence or page. 23.04.28
skip (in text processing) a function that enables the user to skip a paragraph or page of text. 23.04.29
to overwrite (in text processing) to enter new text in the same area to replace the existing text in the area. 23. 04.30 to undelete To restore previously deleted text or graphics, but the changes made by such deletion are not permanently retained by a command such as Save.
Multistroke character entry A method of text entry that requires multiple keystrokes to produce a single character. 23. 04. 32
Ideogram entry
A method of text entry for ideograms that combines multistroke character entry with conversion to ideograms using dictionaries and grammar rules, based on phonetic characters. Examples include the conversion of Chinese characters from pinyin to kanji, and the conversion of Japanese characters from kana to kanji.
23.05 Text editor
23. 05.01 Text editor Software that enables users to create and modify text. 23.05.02 Line editor line editor323
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A text editor in which the user must specify the line to be edited in order to access the text elements to be edited within a line or a group of consecutive lines.
23.05.03 Screen editor screen editor A text editor that displays all text on the screen and allows text editing of arbitrary strings using cursor positioning regardless of line numbers.
23.05.04 Syntax-directed editor
syntax-directed editor
A text editor designed for a particular programming language that ensures conformance to the language's syntax. 23.06 Text and file formatting
23.06.01 File merge decument merge A function of a text processor that enables the user to create a new file from a previously stored file or parts of a file. Example: Incorporate the name and address of the recipient recorded in the table with the pro forma letter. 23.06.02 adjust text mode adjust text mode A method that enables the user to reformat text to fit specified line and page lengths. Page length control page length control; page depth control! 23. 06. 03
The ability to specify page lengths in text processing. Document formatter document formatter 23. 06.041
A program that can lay out and obtain printable copies of documents. Note: A document formatter can perform other functions such as pagination and paragraph numbering. 23.06.05 landscape
landscape format; horizontal format When the width of a page exceeds its length, the text or graphics on the page are arranged to make the page suitable for normal reading. portrait
23. 06. 06
portrait format;vertical formatWhen the negative length exceeds the page width, the text or graphics on the page are arranged so that the page is suitable for normal reading. 23.06.07 default format basic format
Preset format automatically used when the user does not specify a format. 23.06.08 margin
The usually unused area between the main text area of a page or screen and any of the four sides of the page or screen
Note: Margin includes elements such as page headers, footers, brief descriptions, comments, and page numbers. 9 Page header; running head 23.06.09
A block printed at the top of one or more pages of a document. Note: The header may include various information, such as page numbers. Footer; running foot
A block printed at the bottom of one or more pages of a document. Note: The footer includes various information, such as page numbers. 23. 06. 11 to center
To arrange text so that it is symmetrically positioned relative to a reference point on a horizontal line, a vertical line, or both. to indent
A line starts farther from the corresponding page edge than other lines. 3 to underline; to underscore 23. 06. 13
A line printed or displayed under a character or group of characters. 324
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23. 06. 14 right-aligned right-aligned ;right-adjusted ;flush right;right-justified Aligns text to the right edge instead of the left. 23. 06. 15 left-aligned left-aligned ;left-adjusted ;flush left;left-justified Aligns text to the left edge instead of the right. 23.06.16 ragged right Text is not aligned with the right edge.
23.06.17 ragged left text not aligned with the left margin.
23.06.18 to justify (in text processing) to adjust text horizontally so that the first and last characters of each line are aligned with corresponding margins, or vertically so that the first and last lines are aligned with corresponding margins. NOTE
1 The last two lines are not usually aligned.
2 In vertically written writing systems (such as Chinese), the lines are aligned vertically. 23.06.19 ruler line
The line indicating the positions of the left and right margins and any marking stops. 23.06.20
automatic page numberingthe ability of a text processor to automatically generate page numbers on successive pages of a document in a predefined format. NOTE: This term should not be confused with automatic pagination. 23. 06. 21
Automatic paginationAutomatic pagination Automatically arranges text on pages according to preset page layout parameters. Notes
1 This feature enables the user to enter text without taking into account the final negative end. 2 This term should not be confused with automatic page numbering. Automatic paragraph numbering23.06.22
The ability of a text processor to automatically generate sequential paragraph identifiers for successive sections of a document in a predefined manner. 23. 06. 23 Page lengthpage length; page depthThe vertical length of the area available for printing or display on a screen or page. Note: The page length is usually less than the actual paper size, but it can exceed the normal paper size, for example, to create a foldable diagram. 23.06. 24 Page break
The ability to end printing on the current page and restart printing at the top of the next page. Note: Page headers and footers can be printed on page breaks. 23.06.25
hard page break
required page breakA manual page break at a chosen position that does not change during text editing. 23.06.26soft page breakA page break inserted by automatic pagination that does not change during text editing. 23.06.27widow;widow lineThe last line of a paragraph, located alone at the top of the next page or column. 23.06.28orphan;orphan lineThe first line of a paragraph, located alone at the bottom of a page or column. 23.06.29word count
The ability in a text processor to count the number of words in a document. 23.06.30 horizontal tabulation323
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horizontal formattingthe ability of a text editor to position text horizontally within a user-defined range. 23.06.31 vertical tabulationthe ability of a text editor to position text vertically within a user-defined range. 23.06.32 column
two or more vertical arrangements arranged side by side in a row on a page or screen. 23.06.33
markup language
a language consisting of embedded commands added to a document to assist in document processing. page description language23.06.34
a language used to specify the printing or display of a document image. 23.06.35 font
a set of characters having the same basic design. Examples: 9-point Courier, size 5 Song. Note: The same font can have different sizes. Kerning
Reduces the space between two adjacent characters.
Example: Overlap character boxes to print or display cursive script. 23.06.37 Style
A named set of formatting* instructions that enables the user to apply many attributes to text at the same time and to standardize the layout of a document by applying the same formatting characteristics to different parts of the text. 23.06.38 Style sheet
A collection of styles stored in a file that is attached to a document and determines the layout of the document. 23.07 Text output
23.07.01 Letter quality LQ(abbreviation) LQ(abbreviation) Text printing quality suitable for business correspondence and matching the text printing quality of office electronic typewriters. 23.07.02 Near letter quality NLQ(abbreviation) NLQ(abbreviation) Text printing quality lower than that of office electronic typewriters but sufficient for internal letters and large quantities of external mail, with a higher printing speed than letter quality.
23.07.03 Draft quality
Text printing quality unsuitable for business correspondence but sufficient for most internal document quality requirements, with a higher printing speed than near letter quality.
Page break required
Hyphen required
Bounding box
Ruler line
Ideographic character entry
No space breaking
Layout object
Find and replace
Vertical tabulation
Print preview
Low quality
Multi-tap character entry
Reverse search
Reverse search
Range specification
Formatting
GB/T 5271.23—2000
Chinese Index
Line Editor
Horizontal Format
Horizontal Format
Undelete
Drawing Characters
Basic Format
Baseline
Clipboard
Approximate Print Quality
Open Window
Block Copy
Block Move
Hyphen Removal
Logical Object
Default Format
Spell Checker
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