GB 5948-1998 Photometric performance of incandescent light source headlights for motorcycles
Some standard content:
GB5948-1998
This standard is a revision of GB 5948-86 "Photometric Performance of Motorcycle Headlamps" with reference to ECE No. 57 and 72 regulations (E/ECE/324E/ECE/TRANG/505Rev.1/Add.56/ReV.1September 1, 1995 &.Rev.1/Add.71/Amend.1/Corr.1August 25, 1995). It is equivalent to the two regulations in terms of the most important photometric requirements and other technical parameters. The "operation stability test of photometric performance" and "whole lamp test, component test or material sample test equipped with plastic photometric lens" in the appendix of the 1995 version of the above two ECE regulations, as well as the "standard headlamp" in the text of ECE No. 72 regulation (1995 version) are not included in this standard.
This standard adds the requirements for lamp holders (the above ECE version does not have this content). Explanation of the main changes between this standard and the previous version (GB5948--86): a) The previous version only referred to the ECENo.57 regulations in the early 1980s; b) Compared with the previous version, the management clauses and certification regulations were added to clarify that this standard is a mandatory national standard; c) The requirements for lamp holders were included to ensure interchangeability. From the date of implementation of this standard, GB5948--86 will be automatically abolished. Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are both appendices to the standard. This standard was proposed by the State Machinery Industry Bureau. This standard was established by the National Automobile Standardization Technical Committee. This standard was drafted by the Shanghai Automobile Lamp Wing Research Institute. The main drafter of this standard: Zhou Guoping.
This standard was first issued in March 1986.
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Photometric characteristics of motorcycle headlamps equipped with filament light sourcesGB 5948-1998
Replaces GI594886
This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules for motorcycle headlamps equipped with filament light sources (hereinafter referred to as headlamps). This standard applies to various types of headlamps used in L3, L4 and L5 motorcycles (excluding mopeds). 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB4599-1994 Photometric performance of automobile headlights GB/T3978-1994 Standard lighting body and lighting observation conditions GB15766.1-1995 Dimensions and photoelectric performance requirements of road motor vehicle bulbs IEC Publication 61-2 Lamp caps and lamp holders and their interchangeability and stability control gauges GB4785-1998 Installation regulations for external lighting and signal devices of automobiles and trailers 3 Definitions
The definitions adopted in this standard are the same as those in GB4599.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 General provisions
4.1.1 Headlights should be designed and manufactured to meet the use requirements and the photometric requirements of 4.3 of this standard under normal use conditions, even if they are subject to vibration.
4.1.2 For the installation of bulbs of semi-enclosed headlamps (bulb replacement type), the bulbs should be installed in the correct position even in the dark, that is, the positioning pins can accurately enter the positioning grooves (with appropriate tolerances), and the bulbs will be obviously skewed when installed in the wrong position. 4.1.3 The light color of the headlamp should be white, and its chromaticity characteristics should comply with the provisions of GB4785. The chromaticity coordinates should be checked using a light source equivalent to the standard illuminant A specified in GB/T3978 (color temperature is 2856K). However, for enclosed headlamps (non-bulb replacement type), their chromaticity coordinates are measured under the test voltage. 4.2 Enclosed headlamps, bulbs and lamp holders 4.2.1 The nominal voltage of enclosed headlamps is 6V or 12V, and its power and other photoelectric parameters are agreed upon by the manufacturer and the user. 4.2.2 The bulbs used in semi-enclosed headlamps are: S1, S2 or HS1 and should comply with the provisions of GB15766.1. 4.2.3 The lamp holder used in semi-enclosed headlamps shall comply with the provisions of IEC Publication 61-2: Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on October 19, 1998 328
Implementation on October 1, 1999
Bulbs used
4.3 Lighting requirements
GB5948--1998
PX43t-38
IEC Publication 61-2 Loose-leaf number
7005-12-5
7005-12-5
7005-34-1
4.3.1 The lighting distribution of headlamps shall ensure that the low beam has sufficient illumination and is not dazzling, and the high beam has good illumination. 4.3.2 The light distribution should be measured on a vertical light distribution test screen passing through the HV point 25m in front of the reference center of the headlamp. The specific layout of the light distribution test screen is shown in Appendix A (Standard Appendix) or Appendix B (Standard Appendix). 4.3.3 Low beam
4.3.3.1 For sealed headlamps using S1, S2 bulbs or similar: a) On the light distribution screen shown in Appendix A (Standard Appendix), the low beam should produce a clear horizontal light-dark cut-off line and remain straight and horizontal within a range of at least 5° to the left and right of the VV line. b) On the light distribution screen, the illuminance limit of each test point or area should comply with the provisions of Table 1. Table 1
Test point or test area
[Area (any point on or above the HH line)
Any point on the line connecting 50L and 50R (except 50V)50V
50R/50V.50L/50V
Any point on the line connecting 25L and 25R
Area N (any point above the line connecting 25L and 25R and within 375mm) Note: The ratios of 50R/50V and 50L/50V are only used for technical performance evaluation and are not subject to assessment. 4.3.3.2 For sealed headlamps using HS1 bulbs or similar: Maximum limit
Minimum limit
a) On the light distribution screen as shown in Appendix B (Standard Appendix), the low beam should produce a clear light-dark cut-off line, the horizontal part of which is on the left side of the VV line, and the right side is a slanted line at an angle of 15° upwards to the horizontal line, or a 45° slanted line upwards to a horizontal line 25cm away from the horizontal line.
b) On the light distribution screen, the limit values of the illumination of each test point or area of the low beam should comply with the provisions of Table 2. Table 2
Test point or test area
Any point in zone ■
Any point in zone N
Any point in zone 5
Maximum limit
Minimum limit
4.3.3.3 In test areas 1, Ⅱ, or V, the illumination changes between adjacent areas in the horizontal direction shall be uniform, without obvious abrupt changes, so as not to affect good visibility.
4.3.4 High beam
GB 5948-1998
4.3.4.1 For sealed headlamps using S1, S2 bulbs or similar a) On the light distribution screen shown in Appendix A (Standard Appendix), the brightest area of the high beam shall not deviate from the HH line by more than 0.6°. b) On the light distribution screen, the limits of the maximum illuminance of the high beam, the illuminance of the test point or the test area shall comply with the provisions of Table 3. Table 3
Maximum illuminance, test point or test area
HV to 1125L. and R
HV to 2250L and R
Maximum limit
Minimum limit
4.3.4.2 For sealed headlamps using HS1 bulbs or similar, in Appendix B (Standard Appendix), the limits of the maximum illuminance of the high beam, the illuminance of the test point or the test area shall comply with the provisions of Table 3. Table 3
Maximum illuminance, test point or test area
HV to 1125L. and R
HV to 2250L and R
Maximum limit
Minimum limit
On the lighting screen shown in the appendix of the Regulations on the Administration of Lighting (hereinafter referred to as the “Regulations on the Administration of Lighting”), the maximum illumination of the high beam and the limit of illumination at each test point or test area shall comply with the provisions of Table 4. Table 4
Maximum illumination, test point or test area
HV to 1125L or R
HV to 2250L or R
Maximum limit
4.3.5 The effective area of each test point on the lighting screen shall be contained in a square with a side length of 65mm. 5 Test method
5.1 The test darkroom, device and equipment shall comply with the provisions of GB4599. 5.2 Voltage or luminous flux during lighting test
5.2.1 For sealed headlamps, lighting tests are required to be carried out at the nominal voltage: 5.2.2 For semi-enclosed headlamps, the photometric test shall use standard bulbs and be conducted at the luminous flux specified in Table 5. Table 5
Bulb type
Measurement photometric luminous flux voltage
Luminous flux (high beam/low beam), lm
About 6V
398/284
About 12V
568/426
Minimum limit
About 12V
700/450
5.3 Before the photometric test, the enclosed headlamp or bulb shall be ignited at the voltage used for the test so that its light performance tends to be stable. 5.4 Alignment before photometric test
5.4.1 For sealed headlamps using S1, S2 bulbs or similar, the aiming shall be based on the high and low beams and carried out on an aiming screen at least 10m in front of the lamp. Specifically:
a) Horizontally: the brightest area of the high beam shall be aligned with the VV line [but shall comply with the provisions of 4.3.4.1 a)]; b) Vertically: the horizontal cut-off line of the low beam shall be placed 25cm below the HH line (on a screen 25m in front of the lamp). 5.4.2 For sealed headlamps using HS1 bulbs or similar, the low beam is used as the aiming reference, specifically: a) Horizontal direction: the angle of the low beam cut-off line should be placed on the VV line. If the angle is not clear, it is assumed to meet the illumination of 75R and 50R. b) Vertical direction: the horizontal part of the low beam cut-off line should be placed 25cm below the HH line. c) When aiming, it is allowed to cover part of the photometric mirror to make the cut-off line clear and easy to see. d) Whether the aiming is correct is determined by visually observing the VV line within 5° to the left and right. e) If the low beam or high beam still cannot meet the requirements after the above adjustments, it is allowed to adjust the cut-off line to the left or right by no more than 1° (44cm) in the horizontal direction. In the vertical direction, the cut-off line should not be adjusted upwards beyond the HH line. 6 Inspection Rules
The semi-enclosed headlamp shall be equipped with a standard bulb for the photometric test. If there is any objection, it is allowed to replace the standard bulb and retest. Note: The standard bulb shall be confirmed by a special testing agency designated by the relevant national competent authorities, and a valid test report shall be attached. The bulbs used in semi-enclosed headlamp products shall be certified products; before the bulbs are certified in my country, they shall be products identified by a special testing agency designated by the relevant national competent authorities. 6.1 Determination of different types of headlamps
Different types of headlamps are considered to be different types if they differ in the following main aspects: a) product name and trademark;
b) characteristics of the optical system;
c) additional accessories that can change the optical effect by reflection, refraction or absorption; d) the type of bulb used: S1, S2 or HS1; e) the light distribution mirror and its outer surface protective layer material; f) if it is a closed headlamp, its structure, filament shape, etc.; g) for headlamps using HS1 bulbs, whether they are suitable for driving on the right or both on the right and left. 6.2 Type inspection of headlamps
6.2.1 The determination of different types of headlamps shall be in accordance with the provisions of 6.1 above. 6.2.2 The applicant for product certification shall provide:
a) three copies of the characteristic diagram sufficient to identify the type of headlamp, including a detailed characteristic structure diagram of the light distribution lens; b) two headlamp samples (semi-enclosed headlamps shall also include bulbs). 6.2.3 Each sample lamp shall comply with the provisions of 4.1 and 4.2 of this standard. 6.2.4 Each sample lamp shall comply with the provisions of 4.3 of this standard after testing in accordance with the test methods in Chapter 5 of this standard. 6.3 Product consistency inspection of headlamps
6.3.1 For products that have passed the type inspection, sample lamps shall be randomly selected from the batch of products to determine their product consistency. 6.3.2 The randomly selected sample lamps shall comply with the provisions of 4.1 and 4.2 of this standard. 6.3.3 The test shall be carried out in accordance with the test method in Chapter 5 of this standard. The randomly selected sample lamps shall meet the following requirements: 6.3.3.1 For sealed headlamps using S1, S2 bulbs or similar, the relaxation of the provisions in Tables 1 and 3 shall not exceed 20%, of which Zone III is relaxed by 0.31x and the high beam HV point is relaxed to 0.75Emax. 6.3.3.2 For sealed headlamps using HS1 bulbs or similar, there are two ways to relax the provisions in Tables 2 and 4:
a) The low beam is relaxed by 20% as per Table 2, but the B50L is relaxed by 0.21x and the high beam zone is relaxed by 0.31x; the high beam is relaxed by 20% as per the above Table 4, and the HV point is relaxed to 0.75Emx. Or: b) Expand the effective test area of low beam B50L, 75R, 50R, 25L and 25R to a circle with a radius of 15cm; reduce the height of the V zone from 37.5cm to 22.5cm, and keep the width unchanged; except for the illuminance limit of B50L which is allowed to be relaxed by 0.11x as specified in Table 2 and the illuminance limit of HV which is relaxed by 0.2lx as specified in Table 2, the other illuminance limits shall remain in accordance with the original provisions; the high beam shall be in accordance with the provisions of a) of this article. 6.3.4 The number of randomly selected sample lamps is stipulated to be one, which shall fully comply with the provisions of 6.3.2 above. The light distribution measurement shall comply with the corresponding provisions of 6.3.3. If it does not comply, five more randomly selected sample lamps shall be selected, and at least four of them shall fully comply with the corresponding provisions of 4.3 of this standard, otherwise the product consistency test shall be judged as unqualified.
GB5948-1998
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Light distribution screen for sealed headlamps using S1 and S2 bulbs or similar V
Horizontal cut-off line
Appendix B
(Appendix to the standard)
Light distribution screen for sealed headlamps using HS1 bulbs or similar 3960
Road center line
1125L area3 Each sample lamp shall comply with the provisions of 4.1 and 4.2 of this standard. 6.2.4 Each sample lamp shall comply with the provisions of 4.3 of this standard when tested according to the test method in Chapter 5 of this standard. 6.3 Product consistency test of headlamps
6.3.1 For products that have passed the type inspection, sample lamps shall be randomly selected from the batch of products to determine their product consistency. 6.3.2 The randomly selected sample lamps shall comply with the provisions of 4.1 and 4.2 of this standard. 6.3.3 The test shall be carried out in accordance with the test method in Chapter 5 of this standard. The randomly selected sample lamps shall meet the following requirements: 6.3.3.1 For sealed headlamps using S1, S2 bulbs or similar, the relaxation of the provisions in Tables 1 and 3 shall not exceed 20%, of which Zone III is relaxed by 0.31x and the high beam HV point is relaxed to 0.75Emax. 6.3.3.2 For sealed headlamps using HS1 bulbs or similar, there are two ways to relax the provisions in Tables 2 and 4:
a) The low beam is relaxed by 20% as per Table 2, but the B50L is relaxed by 0.21x and the high beam zone is relaxed by 0.31x; the high beam is relaxed by 20% as per the above Table 4, and the HV point is relaxed to 0.75Emx. Or: b) Expand the effective test area of low beam B50L, 75R, 50R, 25L and 25R to a circle with a radius of 15cm; reduce the height of the V zone from 37.5cm to 22.5cm, and keep the width unchanged; except for the illuminance limit of B50L which is allowed to be relaxed by 0.11x as specified in Table 2 and the illuminance limit of HV which is relaxed by 0.2lx as specified in Table 2, the other illuminance limits shall remain in accordance with the original provisions; the high beam shall be in accordance with the provisions of a) of this article. 6.3.4 The number of randomly selected sample lamps is stipulated to be one, which shall fully comply with the provisions of 6.3.2 above. The light distribution measurement shall comply with the corresponding provisions of 6.3.3. If it does not comply, five more randomly selected sample lamps shall be selected, and at least four of them shall fully comply with the corresponding provisions of 4.3 of this standard, otherwise the product consistency test shall be judged as unqualified.
GB5948-1998
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Light distribution screen for sealed headlamps using S1 and S2 bulbs or similar V
Horizontal cut-off line
Appendix B
(Appendix to the standard)
Light distribution screen for sealed headlamps using HS1 bulbs or similar 3960
Road center line
1125L area3 Each sample lamp shall comply with the provisions of 4.1 and 4.2 of this standard. 6.2.4 Each sample lamp shall comply with the provisions of 4.3 of this standard when tested according to the test method in Chapter 5 of this standard. 6.3 Product consistency test of headlamps
6.3.1 For products that have passed the type inspection, sample lamps shall be randomly selected from the batch of products to determine their product consistency. 6.3.2 The randomly selected sample lamps shall comply with the provisions of 4.1 and 4.2 of this standard. 6.3.3 The test shall be carried out in accordance with the test method in Chapter 5 of this standard. The randomly selected sample lamps shall meet the following requirements: 6.3.3.1 For sealed headlamps using S1, S2 bulbs or similar, the relaxation of the provisions in Tables 1 and 3 shall not exceed 20%, of which Zone III is relaxed by 0.31x and the high beam HV point is relaxed to 0.75Emax. 6.3.3.2 For sealed headlamps using HS1 bulbs or similar, there are two ways to relax the provisions in Tables 2 and 4:
a) The low beam is relaxed by 20% as per Table 2, but the B50L is relaxed by 0.21x and the high beam zone is relaxed by 0.31x; the high beam is relaxed by 20% as per the above Table 4, and the HV point is relaxed to 0.75Emx. Or: b) Expand the effective test area of low beam B50L, 75R, 50R, 25L and 25R to a circle with a radius of 15cm; reduce the height of the V zone from 37.5cm to 22.5cm, and keep the width unchanged; except for the illuminance limit of B50L which is allowed to be relaxed by 0.11x as specified in Table 2 and the illuminance limit of HV which is relaxed by 0.2lx as specified in Table 2, the other illuminance limits shall remain in accordance with the original provisions; the high beam shall be in accordance with the provisions of a) of this article. 6.3.4 The number of randomly selected sample lamps is stipulated to be one, which shall fully comply with the provisions of 6.3.2 above. The light distribution measurement shall comply with the corresponding provisions of 6.3.3. If it does not comply, five more randomly selected sample lamps shall be selected, and at least four of them shall fully comply with the corresponding provisions of 4.3 of this standard, otherwise the product consistency test shall be judged as unqualified.
GB5948-1998
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Light distribution screen for sealed headlamps using S1 and S2 bulbs or similar V
Horizontal cut-off linebzxz.net
Appendix B
(Appendix to the standard)
Light distribution screen for sealed headlamps using HS1 bulbs or similar 3960
Road center line
1125L area
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