This standard specifies the general requirements for the design and manufacture of protective devices that are primarily used to protect personnel from mechanical hazards. This standard is mainly applicable to machines manufactured after the release of this standard. Care should be taken to use protective devices to minimize non-mechanical hazards. The requirements of this standard apply to fixed and movable protective devices; they do not apply to those parts of the protective device that actuate the interlocking device. GB/T 8196-2003 Mechanical safety guards General requirements for the design and manufacture of fixed and movable guards GB/T8196-2003 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

CB/T 8196—2003
This standard adopts the international standard IS1412; 2 Safety of machinery: Standard and optional requirements for fixed and movable protective equipment (English standard).
This standard is based on JS()14120, 2002. In view of the special needs of my country's inspection requirements and the industry, this standard adopts the international standard for a wide range of modifications. The technical differences are marked in the blanks where they are recorded. In the informative appendix A, a list of technical differences and their causes is given for reference. The text structure of this standard is consistent with that of the international standard, but Appendix A is added. Therefore, the numbers of the two original appendices in the international standard are changed to Appendix B and Appendix in this standard. In order to facilitate reference, the following editorial modifications are made to [S014129:2002] standard: a) "this international standard" is changed to "this standard"; b) the foreword of [S014120:2002] international standard is revised; c) informative Appendix A is added to guide use; this standard replaces GB 8195-19874 "Safety requirements for furnace hoods for machine food equipment" and GB 97-19874 "Safety requirements for furnace hoods for machine food equipment". Compared with GH8156-1937 and GB81S7-1987, the main technical changes are as follows: the scope of application is expanded, not only including protective covers and protective gears, but also including various fixed and movable protective devices. Due to different structures, they can be shells, single shells, doors, sealed protective devices, etc. (All the definitions in this version of GB/T1-1997 and GH8156-1937 are newly added content to make them consistent with the existing national standards on machinery safety adopted in accordance with GH8156-1997 and GB81S7-1987): - the risk assessment content has been added (the design and manufacturing requirements of the GH8156-1997 version have been added), and the sealing, corrosion resistance, anti-microbial, non-toxicity and machine tightness have been added. , transparency, flash absorption, electrostatic characteristics, thermal stability, flammability, noise reduction and vibration, radiation protection and other requirements (GH815-1087 2 and GB8197-19R 2 + 5 of this edition)
Added thermal specifications for the selection of protective equipment (H8156-387 2.4: 6 of this edition! Added other requirements for protective equipment, such as climbing, retaining compression parts, resistance, replacement, color, aesthetics, etc. (7 of this edition);
- Added inspection requirements for safety requirements of protective devices (8 of this edition); Added requirements for the use of protective equipment (9 of this edition): Appendix A of this standard is an informative appendix, and Appendix B and Appendix are normative requirements. This standard is compiled by the National Safety Production Supervision Institute This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Fire Safety Standardization Technical Committee. The responsible unit for this standard is Jilin Fire Safety Science and Technology Research Institute. The drafting unit of this standard is Jilin Fire Safety Science and Technology Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Pian Jianmin, Zheng Fan, Shi Huawen, Shi Junwei, and Xia Yefu. The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are: GB8196-19Y-1987-1997-1998-1999-1999-1998-1999-2000. Due to the international and domestic technical developments in this area, the above two standards are technically outdated. For example, regarding the following: the user device will modify the terms and definitions, and the classification method is not only inconsistent with the international standards: Some standards that have been implemented in the past few months are not effective. The main technical requirements such as safety distance and structural size are not consistent with GB/2265.1, GB/12265.2 and GB/12265.3. In order to meet the domestic demand for the safety protection performance of lifting machinery and equipment, reduce the risk of accidents, ensure the safety and efficiency of operators, and promote safe production, it is very necessary to revise these two standards. This standard is in line with the requirements of 816 and 816. The combination of the two standards can not only keep pace with the technical development of the international industry in this field, but also make this standard consistent with other national standards and machinery safety standards (international standards have been adopted). It is an international comprehensive standard and reflects the current international development and technological progress in the field of protective equipment. The machines and equipment designed and produced according to the requirements of this standard can also meet the international advanced technical requirements. Meeting the requirements can meet the requirements of international certification and related international certification, which is conducive to improving the safety protection capabilities of my country's mechanical products and promoting international quality and trade. The standard adopts the latest international standards to ensure its coordination with other national standards in the field of mechanical safety that have adopted 15 national standards or official standards.
The standard specifies the best principles for the design and manufacture of fixed and movable protective equipment. This standard can be used by manufacturers, designers, standard setters, safety supervisors, enterprise managers, and personnel related to the use of machinery and its performance. As a Class II standard for mechanical safety, this standard aims to provide assistance for the formulation of Class II standards for various machines with specific requirements, and provide guidance for the management of these machines under the condition of appropriate core standards. 1 Scope
Machinery safety guards
Design and manufacture of fixed and movable guards-Requirements
CD/T8196-2003
This standard specifies the design and manufacture requirements of guards mainly used to protect people from mechanical hazards. For machines manufactured after the implementation of this standard, attention should be paid to the protection devices with small mechanical hazards. The requirements of this standard are applied to fixed and movable guards. This standard does not apply to some parts of the automatic interlocking device in the guard. The connection device is specified by GR/T18%31, and the wooden cup standard is equipped with special systems with moving and lifting materials, such as paint overturning risk control (ROP) and falling object protection system (FCPS).
2 Normative reference documents
The clauses in the following documents become the direct contributions of this standard through reference in this standard. For all reference documents with a date of month, all their amendments (excluding previous contents or versions) are not applicable to this standard. All parties that have not reached an agreement on this standard shall study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. Reference documents, the latest version of which shall apply to this standard. GF/T5226.1 Mechanical safety.1 Industrial machinery - Electrical equipment - Part 1, Technical specifications (e9VIF 204: 1992 GB12265.1-1992 Mechanical safety - Safety distances to prevent upper and lower chains and hazardous areas GB12265.2 Mechanical safety - Safety distances to prevent lower chains and hazardous areas GB12265.3 Mechanical safety - Minimum distances to prevent human body parts from being squeezed GB/T15706.1-1995 Mechanical safety - Basic concepts and design - Part 1: Basic technical specifications (e1S()/TR 12100-1:19$2)
GB/T1=706.21995
5 Basic concepts and design of machinery safety Part 1: Technical principles and specifications (1SC): TR121002:1$92
Principles of machinery safety evaluation
GB/T16856
G/T183-2003 Safety of machinery Interlocking device design and belt strap design for low-protection equipment (IS14119, MU1)) IS12123-1 Safety of machinery Reduction of the risk of contamination caused by hazardous substances emitted by equipment Risk management Part 1, New principles and specifications for machine manufacturing
EV292-2, -991/A1.1305 Basic concepts and design principles for machinery safety Part 2 Technical principles and specifications FN1127-1 Prevention and protection of explosive atmospheres Part 1: Basic concepts and methods TN1672-2 Basic concepts for food processing machinery Part 3, Health and safety requirements: Other information is given in the text.
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard, some of which are defined in the G3/T15703.1. 3. 1
Protective device
Part of the machine specially used to provide protection by means of friction. According to its structure, the protective device can be used in combination with a certain amount of protective equipment, such as screens, doors, seals, etc. 1
CB/T8196-2003
Note 1: The working requirements of the fixed protective device can be
separately: only when the difference exists: with or without the protective device, in this case, the protective effect is guaranteed regardless of the position (3.5).
Note: "Regarding the group" for fixed protective devices, it is said that "maintaining the proper amount of goods". [GR/T: 3706. 1-1995,3.22-
Fixed guards Tixed yuardbzxZ.net
Connected to maintain position (i.e. other protective devices -: water fixed (women's fire connection, etc.) with the help of fasteners (baking, burning, etc.), this tool can not be removed or drilled, [GB/T_5706.1-1U95, 3.23.1-
Enclosed guards
enclosing guards
enclosing guards to prevent entry from all directions to the danger zone (see Figure 11 for an example of a closed guard that completely prevents entry into the transmission machine 3.2.2
Distance guards distance gard
A type of protective device that does not completely demarcate a hazardous area, but which can provide a function of size and distance from the hazardous area to minimize entry into the hazardous area, such as a perimeter fence or a channel-type protective device (see Figures 2 and 3). 2
Figure 2 Example of distance protection device
GB/T8196—2003
Example of a channel-type protective device: a channel-type protective device that provides protection in the feed or discharge area of ​​a machine Movable guard
A protective device that is generally connected to the machine frame or adjacent demarcated elements by mechanical means (chains, slides) and can be opened without tools.
[GBT 15706.11995.3.22.2]
Power-operated protective devicepureruperuledguarlGB/8196—2003
Active protective device operated in parallel by a power source other than human or external force3. 3. 2
Self-closing protective device kelfelisinggpard before the machine part (plus moving table) or workpiece or machine fixture parts replaced by a movable anti-expansion device directly to allow the workpiece (to be) to pass through, when the workpiece is strictly allowed to pass through the opening, it automatically restores to the closed position (with the help of a single force, brand. Other external dynamic large and other closed positions (optical medical 4) National 4 self-closing protective device ortrolgunrd
with a joint with the stomach with or without protective rated protective device (see GB/15706.: 1995.3.23.1), hereby: before the protective device is closed. The "suppressed dangerous machine kinetic energy cannot be executed: the closing Yin protective device dangerous machine function starts to operate, [GH/1 15706, -—1995,3.22. 6] Note, the controllable protective device should be in accordance with the design of the arrangement, see 5,49,3 of this standard. 4
Adjustable guard adJstableguard A device can be a separable fixed or circulating guard that can be adjusted during a specific operation (see Figure.
G5/T15706.:1995,3.22.3
Interlocking guard interlockingguard is a protective device used in conjunction with the protective device (see (H/1~370m.1-1995,3.23.1 and GP/T:8331). Before the protective device is fixed, the dangerous machine function that is "restrained" by it cannot be performed; when the dangerous machine can be effectively operated, the protective device is opened, and the machine is given an instruction when the protective device is closed. The dangerous machine function that is "restrained" by it can be performed, but the closed function of the protective device cannot be started or their operation (see Figures 6 and 7).
_G5/T 15706.11995,3.22.1J
Interlocking guard with guard setting interlocking guard with guard setting GB,T 81962003
Protective device with interlocking guard (see G/T 15706.11996,3.23.1 Figure 8 and GP/13831) and anti-slap locking device. Therefore:
Before the guard is closed and locked, the dangerous machine function "suppressed" by it cannot be executed: 2. For the extended guard, before the overall machine function risk is balanced, it is always closed and locked: When the guard is closed and locked, the dangerous machine function "suppressed" by it can be operated, but the guard can not start the operation of the lock
[G/T J57JS.1 IRSE.R.22.5]
Closed state of a guardQunardclosedpasitiunA guard is in a closed state when it is performing its function. These functions are designed to prevent or reduce entry into a hazardous area and (or) reduce the risk of a hazard such as noise or shadow.
Open state of a guardZuardpen
When a guard is not closed, it is open.3.9
ToolsTul
Use of toolsUEOFatonl
Tools are used by the authorized person as part of a safe work process under known and intended conditions.3. 11
Entry frequency Trequeucynracress
The number of times a person can pass through the protective zone in a unit time. The protective device and the measuring method can quickly measure the surface of the whole plan 1. The light of the transmitter is relatively large, so that the station will make it easier to change the station head. Figure 5 Example of adjustable protective egg on a rocking bed or a combined drilling machine 5
GB/T GB/T8196-2003
National 6 Chain type interlocking heat protection device example: when closed, the danger zone is enclosed Figure Sliding type interlocking protection device example
4 Locking protection device in the open state
b The fixed device of the protective device is small.
GB/T8196-2003
National 8 Drilling machine safety protection example using interlocking protection device with guard locking and fixed guard 4 Risk assessment
When selecting and designing suitable protective devices for a specific machine, it is very important to evaluate the risks caused by various dangerous systems in the machine and the risks to personnel (see GB/T 15706, 1-1995 Chapter 6 and GB/T 1685G).
5 General requirements for the design and manufacture of protective devices 5.1 Machine aspects
5. 1. 1 In designing and applying protective equipment, due consideration should be given to the operation and foreseeable machine environment requirements during the expected life of the machine. Improper consideration of these requirements may cause the machine to fail to operate, resulting in the failure of the protective equipment to be effective, and the personnel on duty to be in a safe position. 5.1.2 Entry into the danger zone To minimize the entry into the danger zone, the protective equipment and the machine should be repaired, maintained and maintained as quickly as possible without the need to remove or dismantle the protective equipment. In the protection area where entry is required, it is as convenient as possible to pass through without obstruction. The following are examples of reasons for entry: Loading and unloading Equipment replacement and adjustment: First test, standard and sample: GE/TB196—2003; Maintenance and care!
Moisture:
Material removal (such as cavity shavings, visual shavings, sugar residues, etc.: ... including obstacles
—cleaning and cleaning,
5.1.3 Containment of injection parts
When there is a risk of visible parts being ejected by the machine (such as, cracks in the workpiece), the protective core design should be made of appropriate materials to contain these injection parts as much as possible. 5.1.4 Containment of hazardous substances
When there are hazardous substances that can be ejected from the machine (such as coolants, vapors, gases, cuttings, sparks, heat or melting materials, dust), the protective device should be designed to contain these substances as much as possible. Appropriate extraction equipment (sanitary [S01121]) is required. If the protective device constitutes an extraction device, the protective device should be designed to contain these substances as much as possible. Part of the system: This integral function should be included in the design, material selection, manufacture and installation of the protective device.
5.1.5
When the machine is required to reduce the risk of damage to the machine: The design and manufacture of the protective device should be able to prevent the damage to the machine during operation (see the reference document of the system (F/T?1)! And the required noise reduction should also be recorded. As a result, the protective device should be properly connected to minimize the risk of damage.
5.1.6
When there is a risk of visible hazardous radiation, the design of the protective device and the selection of materials should be correct to prevent the insured personnel from being exposed to this risk, for example, use glass to protect against welding lasers to eliminate the chain break in the protective device around the laser. 5. 1.7 Explosion
When there is a foreseeable explosion wind rise, protective devices should be designed so that they can release the explosive in a safe manner and direction (for example, by using "explosive release" or the most effective energy: research efficiency -1) 5.2 Human aspects
5.2.1 General
When designing and manufacturing protective equipment, consideration should be given to the foreseeable interaction between personnel and the device (such as load, continuous protection or lubrication):
5.7.2 Safe distances
Protective devices used to prevent entry into the danger zone should be designed, manufactured and installed to prevent the body parts from being melted into the danger zone (GIS 12265, 1 GB 12265, 3:
5.2.3 Control of access to hazardous areas
The design and installation of movable protective equipment should, as far as possible, prevent personnel from entering the hazardous area during the rotation of the protective equipment. If this cannot be achieved, the personnel in the hazardous area shall be removed by the local inspection. 5.2.4 Observation
The design and manufacture of anti-expansion devices should be such that appropriate monitoring measures are taken during the process to minimize the need to remove the anti-expansion devices
5.2.5 Ergonomics
The design and manufacture of protective equipment should take into account the principles of ergonomics (5/5106.2-9053.6.1 and H.G.2). 5.2.5. 1 Dimensions and quality
The removable parts of the protective device should be designed with appropriate dimensions and weights to facilitate installation. Protective devices that are not easy to move and transport must be equipped with or can be installed with auxiliary devices for transportation by lifting equipment. These devices or structures can be: they have lifting rings, standard lifting ring screws, or a complete set of soft and simple holes that can be
When a person can lift it reliably from the ground, there is an automatic clamping device for lifting with a belt - a lifting mechanism and a mounting of the protective device body! GB/T 8196—2003
- Marking: The mass of the protective device shall be marked on the protective device and its movable parts or in the instruction manual in grams (kg):
5.2.5.2 Operating force
The movable protective device or its movable parts shall be designed to be easy to operate. In the design of protective devices, the principles of ergonomics shall be followed to help improve safety by reducing the operator's non-printed physical exertion, which will improve the efficiency and reliability of the operation and reduce The error rate of each stage of machine use is shown in GB/T157U6.1-1UU5,3.1-).
The reduction of operating errors can be achieved through convenient devices such as springs, balance blocks or air supports. When the protective device is operated by the dynamic side, the protective device shall not be affected by the contact pressure, force, speed, sharp edges. When the protective device is equipped with a protective mechanism that can automatically start the protective device and then open it, the force to prevent the closing of the protective device shall not be greater than 15CN, and the kinetic energy of the protective device shall not be greater than 10". In the absence of an effective protective mechanism, these should be reduced by 75N and 4J respectively.5.2.6 Intended use
The design of the anti-expansion device should take into account the use of pre-compression as far as possible, and appropriately consider the foreseeable misuse (see GT7, 1-1S93.122
5.3 Design aspects of protective devices
All operational aspects of the protective device should be appropriately considered at the design stage to ensure that the design and manufacture of the protective device itself does not create safety hazards.
5.3.2 Squeezing area
The design of the protective device should ensure that it cannot form a dangerous collision zone with the machine or other parts and components of the anti-expansion device (see GB 12255.3). 5.3.3 Durability
The design of the protective device should ensure that it can withstand the entire machine It can perform its function well during its service life or replace the parts with degraded performance.
5.3.4 Hygiene
The design of protective equipment should enable it to pass through the storage of substances or materials (such as food particles, standard liquids) without causing any safety hazards (see EN16723).
5.3.5 Cleaning
In some typical applications, especially the protective equipment used in food and pharmaceutical processes, it should be easy to clean without being unsafe.
5.3.6 Drainage
In some applications where there are high demands on technology, such as food, pharmaceutical, nuclear and related industries, the design of protective equipment should allow for the discharge of waste in the process.
5.4 Manufacturing aspects of protective equipment
In The following aspects should be considered in the manufacturing method of the protective device: 5.4.1 Dangerous protrusions such as sharp edges
The manufacturing of the protective device should not expose sharp edges and sharp corners to form other dangerous objects. 5.4.2 Robustness of the connection
Welding technology, molded or mechanical fastenings should be strong enough to withstand the foreseeable loads. Where joints are used, they should match the process and materials used: The combination of cutting and fastening should ensure the stability and strength of the protective device: GB/T8196-2003
5.4.3 Can only be disassembled by tools
The disassembly part of the protective device should only be disassembled with assistance (see 3, "3.10"). 5.4.4 Removability of removable protective devices Designated position
Where possible, removable protective devices should not be kept in position when fixing the positioning parts. 5.4.5 Removable protective devices
The relative position of movable protective devices should be reliably determined. The protective devices should be kept in the defined position by gravity, spring clips, protective frequency or other force methods.
5.4.6 Self-closing protective devices
The opening of self-closing protective devices should be limited to the minimum required size of the workpiece: it is not convenient to expand the protective device and be completely in the cutting position. These protective devices can be used in combination with protective devices of the same type.5.4.7 Removable protective devices
The traceable parts should be made small and easy to adjust without using tools, while matching the material.
5.4.B Movable guards
Movable guards shall be opened and closed by means of a fixed connection or by means of a connection with the machine or adjacent fixed parts so that they can be held in position even when opened, and such connection can only be removed by means of a tool (see 3, 5 and 3.101-5.4.9 Controllable guards
Controllable guards (see 3, 3.3 and 4.8.2.5 of GB/115706.2-1995) may only be used if the following conditions are met:
- when the guard is closed, the operator or his/her body position cannot be in the danger zone or between the danger zone and the guard; the size and shape of the machine allow the operator or any person to reach over and have a complete overview of the machine and/or process; the only way to open the danger zone is to avoid opening the controllable guard. Check or quick-locking protective device: The device connected to the optional protective device has the highest reliability (its effect can prevent unexpected and (or) unforeseen start);
- Where the machine is started by the pull-type protective device and is one of the possible control modes of the machine, the mode selection should ensure that it complies with the requirements of EN292.2, 1791/41: 1995. Appendix A, 1.2.5. The above considerations are that the closing of the pull-type protective device will cause the machine to operate in the dangerous area. 5.5 Selection of materials
5.5. 1. When selecting suitable materials for protective equipment, the following characteristics should be considered. The materials should always maintain these characteristics throughout the service life of the protective equipment. 5.5.2 Impact resistance The protective equipment is expected to be able to normally withstand the impact of visible machine parts, workpieces, broken objects, solid or fluid substances projected, and impacts caused by the operator. In cases where the protective equipment is equipped with an observation panel, special attention should be paid to the material selection and assembly method of this observation panel. The selection of these materials makes them suitable for bearing The mass and strength of the object or material being ejected shall be determined by the material selected.
5.5.3 Rigidity
The frame and filler materials required for protective equipment shall have a rigid and stable structure to resist deformation, which is particularly important when deformation of the material could jeopardize the ability to maintain a safe distance: 5.5.4 Possible fixings
Protective equipment frames or components shall be secured by means of mounting points of appropriate length, length and number to ensure that they remain securely positioned under appropriate conditions. Fixing may be by mechanical fixings or fasteners, flexible joints, adhesives or suitable methods.1 General
When designing and manufacturing protective equipment, consideration should be given to the foreseeable interaction between personnel and the device (such as loading, continuous protection or lubrication):
5.7.2 Safety distance
Protective devices used to prevent entry into hazardous areas should be designed, manufactured and installed to prevent the body from entering hazardous areas (GIS 12265, 1 GB 12265, 3:
5.2.3 Control of access to hazardous areas
The design and installation of movable protective equipment should, as far as possible, prevent personnel from entering the hazardous area during the rotation of the protective equipment. If this cannot be achieved, the personnel in the hazardous area shall be removed by the local inspection. 5.2.4 Observation
The design and manufacture of anti-expansion devices should be such that appropriate monitoring measures are taken during the process to minimize the need to remove the anti-expansion devices
5.2.5 Ergonomics
The design and manufacture of protective equipment should take into account the principles of ergonomics (5/5106.2-9053.6.1 and H.G.2). 5.2.5. 1 Dimensions and quality
The removable parts of the protective device should be designed with appropriate dimensions and weights to facilitate installation. Protective devices that are not easy to move and transport must be equipped with or can be installed with auxiliary devices for transportation by lifting equipment. These devices or structures can be: they have lifting rings, standard lifting ring screws, or a complete set of soft and simple holes that can be
When a person can lift it reliably from the ground, there is an automatic clamping device for lifting with a belt - a lifting mechanism and a mounting of the protective device body! GB/T 8196—2003
- Marking: The mass of the protective device shall be indicated on the protective device and some of its movable parts or in the instruction manual. The unit of weight shall be gram (kg):
5.2.5.2 Operating force
Dynamic protective devices or their movable parts shall be designed to be easy to operate. In the design of protective devices, the principles of ergonomics shall be followed. This will help to improve safety by reducing the operator's non-printed physical exertion, thus improving the efficiency and reliability of operation and reducing the rate of operating errors at all stages of the use of the machine (see GB/T 157(6.1—1)(5,3.1-).
The reduction in operating force can be achieved through convenient devices such as springs, balancing blocks or pneumatic supports. When the protective device is operated by the dynamic side, the protective device shall not be subject to the damage caused by contact pressure, force, speed or sharp edges. When the protective device is equipped with a protective mechanism which can automatically start and reopen the protective device, the force preventing the closing of the protective device shall not be greater than 15CN, and the kinetic energy of the protective device shall not be greater than 10". In the absence of an effective protective mechanism, these should be reduced by 75N and 4J respectively.5.2.6 Intended use
The design of the anti-expansion device should take into account the use of pre-compression as far as possible, and appropriately consider the foreseeable misuse (see GT7, 1-1S93.122
5.3 Design aspects of protective devices
All operational aspects of the protective device should be appropriately considered at the design stage to ensure that the design and manufacture of the protective device itself does not create safety hazards.
5.3.2 Squeezing area
The design of the protective device should ensure that it cannot form a dangerous collision zone with the machine or other parts and components of the anti-expansion device (see GB 12255.3). 5.3.3 Durability
The design of the protective device should ensure that it can withstand the entire machine It can perform its function well during its service life or replace the parts with degraded performance.
5.3.4 Hygiene
The design of protective equipment should enable it to pass through the storage of substances or materials (such as food particles, standard liquids) without causing any safety hazards (see EN16723).
5.3.5 Cleaning
In some typical applications, especially the protective equipment used in food and pharmaceutical processes, it should be easy to clean without being unsafe.
5.3.6 Drainage
In some applications where there are high demands on technology, such as food, pharmaceutical, nuclear and related industries, the design of protective equipment should allow for the discharge of waste in the process.
5.4 Manufacturing aspects of protective equipment
In The following aspects should be considered in the manufacturing method of the protective device: 5.4.1 Dangerous protrusions such as sharp edges
The manufacturing of the protective device should not expose sharp edges and sharp corners to form other dangerous objects. 5.4.2 Robustness of the connection
Welding technology, molded or mechanical fastenings should be strong enough to withstand the foreseeable loads. Where joints are used, they should match the process and materials used: The combination of cutting and fastening should ensure the stability and strength of the protective device: GB/T8196-2003
5.4.3 Can only be disassembled by tools
The disassembly part of the protective device should only be disassembled with assistance (see 3, "3.10"). 5.4.4 Removability of removable protective devices Designated position
Where possible, removable protective devices should not be kept in position when fixing the positioning parts. 5.4.5 Removable protective devices
The relative position of movable protective devices should be reliably determined. The protective devices should be kept in the defined position by gravity, spring clips, protective frequency or other force methods.
5.4.6 Self-closing protective devices
The opening of self-closing protective devices should be limited to the minimum required size of the workpiece: it is not convenient to expand the protective device and be completely in the cutting position. These protective devices can be used in combination with protective devices of the same type.5.4.7 Removable protective devices
The traceable parts should be made small and easy to adjust without using tools, while matching the material.
5.4.B Movable guards
Movable guards shall be opened and closed by means of a fixed connection or by means of a connection with the machine or adjacent fixed parts so that they can be held in position even when opened, and such connection can only be removed by means of a tool (see 3, 5 and 3.101-5.4.9 Controllable guards
Controllable guards (see 3, 3.3 and 4.8.2.5 of GB/115706.2-1995) may only be used if the following conditions are met:
- when the guard is closed, the operator or his/her body position cannot be in the danger zone or between the danger zone and the guard; the size and shape of the machine allow the operator or any person to reach over and have a complete overview of the machine and/or process; the only way to open the danger zone is to avoid opening the controllable guard. Check or quick-locking protective device: The device connected to the optional protective device has the highest reliability (its effect can prevent unexpected and (or) unforeseen start);
- Where the machine is started by the pull-type protective device and is one of the possible control modes of the machine, the mode selection should ensure that it complies with the requirements of EN292.2, 1791/41: 1995. Appendix A, 1.2.5. The above considerations are that the closing of the pull-type protective device will cause the machine to operate in the dangerous area. 5.5 Selection of materials
5.5. 1. When selecting suitable materials for protective equipment, the following characteristics should be considered. The materials should always maintain these characteristics throughout the service life of the protective equipment. 5.5.2 Impact resistance The protective equipment is expected to be able to normally withstand the impact of visible machine parts, workpieces, broken objects, solid or fluid substances projected, and impacts caused by the operator. In cases where the protective equipment is equipped with an observation panel, special attention should be paid to the material selection and assembly method of this observation panel. The selection of these materials makes them suitable for bearing The mass and strength of the object or material being ejected shall be determined by the material selected.
5.5.3 Rigidity
The frame and filler materials required for protective equipment shall have a rigid and stable structure to resist deformation, which is particularly important when deformation of the material could jeopardize the ability to maintain a safe distance: 5.5.4 Possible fixings
Protective equipment frames or components shall be secured by means of mounting points of appropriate length, length and number to ensure that they remain securely positioned under appropriate conditions. Fixing may be by mechanical fixings or fasteners, flexible joints, adhesives or suitable methods.1 General
When designing and manufacturing protective equipment, consideration should be given to the foreseeable interaction between personnel and the device (such as loading, continuous protection or lubrication):
5.7.2 Safety distance
Protective devices used to prevent entry into hazardous areas should be designed, manufactured and installed to prevent the body from entering hazardous areas (GIS 12265, 1 GB 12265, 3:
5.2.3 Control of access to hazardous areas
The design and installation of movable protective equipment should, as far as possible, prevent personnel from entering the hazardous area during the rotation of the protective equipment. If this cannot be achieved, the personnel in the hazardous area shall be removed by the local inspection. 5.2.4 Observation
The design and manufacture of anti-expansion devices should be such that appropriate monitoring measures are taken during the process to minimize the need to remove the anti-expansion devices
5.2.5 Ergonomics
The design and manufacture of protective equipment should take into account the principles of ergonomics (5/5106.2-9053.6.1 and H.G.2). 5.2.5. 1 Dimensions and quality
The removable parts of the protective device should be designed with appropriate dimensions and weights to facilitate installation. Protective devices that are not easy to move and transport must be equipped with or can be installed with auxiliary devices for transportation by lifting equipment. These devices or structures can be: they have lifting rings, standard lifting ring screws, or a complete set of soft and simple holes that can be
When a person can lift it reliably from the ground, there is an automatic clamping device for lifting with a belt - a lifting mechanism and a mounting of the protective device body! GB/T 8196—2003
- Marking: The mass of the protective device shall be indicated on the protective device and some of its movable parts or in the instruction manual. The unit of weight shall be gram (kg):
5.2.5.2 Operating force
Dynamic protective devices or their movable parts shall be designed to be easy to operate. In the design of protective devices, the principles of ergonomics shall be followed. This will help to improve safety by reducing the operator's non-printed physical exertion, thus improving the efficiency and reliability of operation and reducing the rate of operating errors at all stages of the use of the machine (see GB/T 157(6.1—1)(5,3.1-).
The reduction in operating force can be achieved through convenient devices such as springs, balancing blocks or pneumatic supports. When the protective device is operated by the dynamic side, the protective device shall not be subject to the damage caused by contact pressure, force, speed or sharp edges. When the protective device is equipped with a protective mechanism which can automatically start and reopen the protective device, the force preventing the closing of the protective device shall not be greater than 15CN, and the kinetic energy of the protective device shall not be greater than 10". In the absence of an effective protective mechanism, these should be reduced by 75N and 4J respectively.5.2.6 Intended use
The design of the anti-expansion device should take into account the use of pre-compression as far as possible, and appropriately consider the foreseeable misuse (see GT7, 1-1S93.122
5.3 Design aspects of protective devices
All operational aspects of the protective device should be appropriately considered at the design stage to ensure that the design and manufacture of the protective device itself does not create safety hazards.
5.3.2 Squeezing area
The design of the protective device should ensure that it cannot form a dangerous collision zone with the machine or other parts and components of the anti-expansion device (see GB 12255.3). 5.3.3 Durability
The design of the protective device should ensure that it can withstand the entire machine It can perform its function well during its service life or replace the parts with degraded performance.
5.3.4 Hygiene
The design of protective equipment should enable it to pass through the storage of substances or materials (such as food particles, standard liquids) without causing any safety hazards (see EN16723).
5.3.5 Cleaning
In some typical applications, especially the protective equipment used in food and pharmaceutical processes, it should be easy to clean without being unsafe.
5.3.6 Drainage
In some applications where there are high demands on technology, such as food, pharmaceutical, nuclear and related industries, the design of protective equipment should allow for the discharge of waste in the process.
5.4 Manufacturing aspects of protective equipment
In The following aspects should be considered in the manufacturing method of the protective device: 5.4.1 Dangerous protrusions such as sharp edges
The manufacturing of the protective device should not expose sharp edges and sharp corners to form other dangerous objects. 5.4.2 Robustness of the connection
Welding technology, molded or mechanical fastenings should be strong enough to withstand the foreseeable loads. Where joints are used, they should match the process and materials used: The combination of cutting and fastening should ensure the stability and strength of the protective device: GB/T8196-2003
5.4.3 Can only be disassembled by tools
The disassembly part of the protective device should only be disassembled with assistance (see 3, "3.10"). 5.4.4 Removability of removable protective devices Designated position
Where possible, removable protective devices should not be kept in position when fixing the positioning parts. 5.4.5 Removable protective devices
The relative position of movable protective devices should be reliably determined. The protective devices should be kept in the defined position by gravity, spring clips, protective frequency or other force methods.
5.4.6 Self-closing protective devices
The opening of self-closing protective devices should be limited to the minimum required size of the workpiece: it is not convenient to expand the protective device and be completely in the cutting position. These protective devices can be used in combination with protective devices of the same type.5.4.7 Removable protective devices
The traceable parts should be made small and easy to adjust without using tools, while matching the material.
5.4.B Movable guards
Movable guards shall be opened and closed by means of a fixed connection or by means of a connection with the machine or adjacent fixed parts so that they can be held in position even when opened, and such connection can only be removed by means of a tool (see 3, 5 and 3.101-5.4.9 Controllable guards
Controllable guards (see 3, 3.3 and 4.8.2.5 of GB/115706.2-1995) may only be used if the following conditions are met:
- when the guard is closed, the operator or his/her body position cannot be in the danger zone or between the danger zone and the guard; the size and shape of the machine allow the operator or any person to reach over and have a complete overview of the machine and/or process; the only way to open the danger zone is to avoid opening the controllable guard. Check or quick-locking protective device: The device connected to the optional protective device has the highest reliability (its effect can prevent unexpected and (or) unforeseen start);
- Where the machine is started by the pull-type protective device and is one of the possible control modes of the machine, the mode selection should ensure that it complies with the requirements of EN292.2, 1791/41: 1995. Appendix A, 1.2.5. The above considerations are that the closing of the pull-type protective device will cause the machine to operate in the dangerous area. 5.5 Selection of materials
5.5. 1. When selecting suitable materials for protective equipment, the following characteristics should be considered. The materials should always maintain these characteristics throughout the service life of the protective equipment. 5.5.2 Impact resistance The protective equipment is expected to be able to normally withstand the impact of visible machine parts, workpieces, broken objects, solid or fluid substances projected, and impacts caused by the operator. In cases where the protective equipment is equipped with an observation panel, special attention should be paid to the material selection and assembly method of this observation panel. The selection of these materials makes them suitable for bearing The mass and strength of the object or material being ejected shall be determined by the material selected.
5.5.3 Rigidity
The frame and filler materials required for protective equipment shall have a rigid and stable structure to resist deformation, which is particularly important when deformation of the material could jeopardize the ability to maintain a safe distance: 5.5.4 Possible fixings
Protective equipment frames or components shall be secured by means of mounting points of appropriate length, length and number to ensure that they remain securely positioned under appropriate conditions. Fixing may be by mechanical fixings or fasteners, flexible joints, adhesives or suitable methods.Control of access to the danger zone
The design and installation of movable protective equipment should, as far as possible, prevent personnel from touching the protective equipment during the rotation of the belt. If this cannot be achieved, the personnel in the danger zone shall be removed. 5.2.4 Observation
The design and manufacture of anti-expansion devices should provide appropriate monitoring measures during the process to minimize the need to remove the anti-expansion devices
5.2.5 Ergonomic aspects
The design and manufacture of protective equipment should take into account the principles of ergonomics (5/5106.2-9053.6.1 and H.G.2). 5.2.5.1 Size and mass
The removable parts of the protective equipment should be designed to have suitable size and weight to facilitate installation. The protective equipment that is not easy to move and transport must be equipped with or can be installed with auxiliary equipment for transportation by lifting equipment. These equipment or structures can be: they have lifting rings, standard lifting ring screws, or automatic clamping devices with belt lifting when people can be lifted reliably on the ground, and the lifting mechanism and equipment of the protective equipment body! GB/T 8196—2003
- Marking: The mass of the protective device shall be marked on the protective device and some of its movable parts or in the instruction manual. The unit of mass shall be gram (kg):
5.2.5.2 Operating force
Dynamic protective devices or their movable parts shall be designed to be easy to operate. In the design of protective devices, the principles of ergonomics shall be followed. This will help to improve safety by reducing the operator's non-printed physical exertion, which will improve the efficiency and reliability of operation and reduce the rate of operating errors at all stages of the use of the machine (see GB/T157(6.1-1) and (5,3.1-).
The reduction in operating force can be achieved through convenient devices such as springs, balancing blocks or pneumatic supports. When the protective device is operated by the dynamic side, the protective device shall not be subject to the damage caused by contact pressure, force, speed or sharp edges. When the protective device is equipped with a protective mechanism which can automatically start and reopen the protective device, the force preventing the closing of the protective device shall not be greater than 15CN, and the kinetic energy of the protective device shall not be greater than 10". In the absence of an effective protective mechanism, these should be reduced by 75N and 4J respectively.5.2.6 Intended use
The design of the anti-expansion device should take into account the use of pre-compression as far as possible, and appropriately consider the foreseeable misuse (see GT7, 1-1S93.122
5.3 Design aspects of protective devices
All operational aspects of the protective device should be appropriately considered at the design stage to ensure that the design and manufacture of the protective device itself does not create safety hazards.
5.3.2 Squeezing area
The design of the protective device should ensure that it cannot form a dangerous collision zone with the machine or other parts and components of the anti-expansion device (see GB 12255.3). 5.3.3 Durability
The design of the protective device should ensure that it can withstand the entire machine It can perform its function well during its service life or replace the parts with degraded performance.
5.3.4 Hygiene
The design of protective equipment should enable it to pass through the storage of substances or materials (such as food particles, standard liquids) without causing any safety hazards (see EN16723).
5.3.5 Cleaning
In some typical applications, especially the protective equipment used in food and pharmaceutical processes, it should be easy to clean without being unsafe.
5.3.6 Drainage
In some applications where there are high demands on technology, such as food, pharmaceutical, nuclear and related industries, the design of protective equipment should allow for the discharge of waste in the process.
5.4 Manufacturing aspects of protective equipment
In The following aspects should be considered in the manufacturing method of the protective device: 5.4.1 Dangerous protrusions such as sharp edges
The manufacturing of the protective device should not expose sharp edges and sharp corners to form other dangerous objects. 5.4.2 Robustness of the connection
Welding technology, molded or mechanical fastenings should be strong enough to withstand the foreseeable loads. Where joints are used, they should match the process and materials used: The combination of cutting and fastening should ensure the stability and strength of the protective device: GB/T8196-2003
5.4.3 Can only be disassembled by tools
The disassembly part of the protective device should only be disassembled with assistance (see 3, "3.10"). 5.4.4 Removability of removable protective devices Designated position
Where possible, removable protective devices should not be kept in position when fixing the positioning parts. 5.4.5 Removable protective devices
The relative position of movable protective devices should be reliably determined. The protective devices should be kept in the defined position by gravity, spring clips, protective frequency or other force methods.
5.4.6 Self-closing protective devices
The opening of self-closing protective devices should be limited to the minimum required size of the workpiece: it is not convenient to expand the protective device and be completely in the cutting position. These protective devices can be used in combination with protective devices of the same type.5.4.7 Removable protective devices
The traceable parts should be made small and easy to adjust without using tools, while matching the material.
5.4.B Movable guards
Movable guards shall be opened and closed by means of a fixed connection or by means of a connection with the machine or adjacent fixed parts so that they can be held in position even when opened, and such connection can only be removed by means of a tool (see 3, 5 and 3.101-5.4.9 Controllable guards
Controllable guards (see 3, 3.3 and 4.8.2.5 of GB/115706.2-1995) may only be used if the following conditions are met:
- when the guard is closed, the operator or his/her body position cannot be in the danger zone or between the danger zone and the guard; the size and shape of the machine allow the operator or any person to reach over and have a complete overview of the machine and/or process; the only way to open the danger zone is to avoid opening the controllable guard. Check or quick-locking protective device: The device connected to the optional protective device has the highest reliability (its effect can prevent unexpected and (or) unforeseen start);
- Where the machine is started by the pull-type protective device and is one of the possible control modes of the machine, the mode selection should ensure that it complies with the requirements of EN292.2, 1791/41: 1995. Appendix A, 1.2.5. The above considerations are that the closing of the pull-type protective device will cause the machine to operate in the dangerous area. 5.5 Selection of materials
5.5. 1. When selecting suitable materials for protective equipment, the following characteristics should be considered. The materials should always maintain these characteristics throughout the service life of the protective equipment. 5.5.2 Impact resistance The protective equipment is expected to be able to normally withstand the impact of visible machine parts, workpieces, broken objects, solid or fluid substances projected, and impacts caused by the operator. In cases where the protective equipment is equipped with an observation panel, special attention should be paid to the material selection and assembly method of this observation panel. The selection of these materials makes them suitable for bearing The mass and strength of the object or material being ejected shall be determined by the material selected.
5.5.3 Rigidity
The frame and filler materials required for protective equipment shall have a rigid and stable structure to resist deformation, which is particularly important when deformation of the material could jeopardize the ability to maintain a safe distance: 5.5.4 Possible fixings
Protective equipment frames or components shall be secured by means of mounting points of appropriate length, length and number to ensure that they remain securely positioned under appropriate conditions. Fixing may be by mechanical fixings or fasteners, flexible joints, adhesives or suitable methods.Control of access to the danger zone
The design and installation of movable protective equipment should, as far as possible, prevent personnel from touching the protective equipment during the rotation of the belt. If this cannot be achieved, the personnel in the danger zone shall be removed. 5.2.4 Observation
The design and manufacture of anti-expansion devices should provide appropriate monitoring measures during the process to minimize the need to remove the anti-expansion devices
5.2.5 Ergonomic aspects
The design and manufacture of protective equipment should take into account the principles of ergonomics (5/5106.2-9053.6.1 and H.G.2). 5.2.5.1 Size and mass
The removable parts of the protective equipment should be designed to have suitable size and weight to facilitate installation. The protective equipment that is not easy to move and transport must be equipped with or can be installed with auxiliary equipment for transportation by lifting equipment. These equipment or structures can be: they have lifting rings, standard lifting ring screws, or automatic clamping devices with belt lifting when people can be lifted reliably on the ground, and the lifting mechanism and equipment of the protective equipment body! GB/T 8196—2003
- Marking: The mass of the protective device shall be marked on the protective device and some of its movable parts or in the instruction manual. The unit of mass shall be gram (kg):
5.2.5.2 Operating force
Dynamic protective devices or their movable parts shall be designed to be easy to operate. In the design of protective devices, the principles of ergonomics shall be followed. This will help to improve safety by reducing the operator's non-printed physical exertion, which will improve the efficiency and reliability of operation and reduce the rate of operating errors at all stages of the use of the machine (see GB/T157(6.1-1) and (5,3.1-).
The reduction in operating force can be achieved through convenient devices such as springs, balancing blocks or pneumatic supports. When the protective device is operated by the dynamic side, the protective device shall not be subject to the damage caused by contact pressure, force, speed or sharp edges. When the protective device is equipped with a protective mechanism which can automatically start and reopen the protective device, the force preventing the closing of the protective device shall not be greater than 15CN, and the kinetic energy of the protective device shall not be greater than 10". In the absence of an effective protective mechanism, these should be reduced by 75N and 4J respectively.5.2.6 Intended use
The design of the anti-expansion device should take into account the use of pre-compression as far as possible, and appropriately consider the foreseeable misuse (see GT7, 1-1S93.122
5.3 Design aspects of protective devices
All operational aspects of the protective device should be appropriately considered at the design stage to ensure that the design and manufacture of the protective device itself does not create safety hazards.
5.3.2 Squeezing area
The design of the protective device should ensure that it cannot form a dangerous collision zone with the machine or other parts and components of the anti-expansion device (see GB 12255.3). 5.3.3 Durability
The design of the protective device should ensure that it can withstand the entire machine It can perform its function well during its service life or replace the parts with degraded performance.
5.3.4 Hygiene
The design of protective equipment should enable it to pass through the storage of substances or materials (such as food particles, standard liquids) without causing any safety hazards (see EN16723).
5.3.5 Cleaning
In some typical applications, especially the protective equipment used in food and pharmaceutical processes, it should be easy to clean without being unsafe.
5.3.6 Drainage
In some applications where there are high demands on technology, such as food, pharmaceutical, nuclear and related industries, the design of protective equipment should allow for the discharge of waste in the process.
5.4 Manufacturing aspects of protective equipment
In The following aspects should be considered in the manufacturing method of the protective device: 5.4.1 Dangerous protrusions such as sharp edges
The manufacturing of the protective device should not expose sharp edges and sharp corners to form other dangerous objects. 5.4.2 Robustness of the connection
Welding technology, molded or mechanical fastenings should be strong enough to withstand the foreseeable loads. Where joints are used, they should match the process and materials used: The combination of cutting and fastening should ensure the stability and strength of the protective device: GB/T8196-2003
5.4.3 Can only be disassembled by tools
The disassembly part of the protective device should only be disassembled with assistance (see 3, "3.10"). 5.4.4 Removability of removable protective devices Designated position
Where possible, removable protective devices should not be kept in position when fixing the positioning parts. 5.4.5 Removable protective devices
The relative position of movable protective devices should be reliably determined. The protective devices should be kept in the defined position by gravity, spring clips, protective frequency or other force methods.
5.4.6 Self-closing protective devices
The opening of self-closing protective devices should be limited to the minimum required size of the workpiece: it is not convenient to expand the protective device and be completely in the cutting position. These protective devices can be used in combination with protective devices of the same type.5.4.7 Removable protective devices
The traceable parts should be made small and easy to adjust without using tools, while matching the material.
5.4.B Movable guards
Movable guards shall be opened and closed by means of a fixed connection or by means of a connection with the machine or adjacent fixed parts so that they can be held in position even when opened, and such connection can only be removed by means of a tool (see 3, 5 and 3.101-5.4.9 Controllable guards
Controllable guards (see 3, 3.3 and 4.8.2.5 of GB/115706.2-1995) may only be used if the following conditions are met:
- when the guard is closed, the operator or his/her body position cannot be in the danger zone or between the danger zone and the guard; the size and shape of the machine allow the operator or any person to reach over and have a complete overview of the machine and/or process; the only way to open the danger zone is to avoid opening the controllable guard. Check or quick-locking protective device: The device connected to the optional protective device has the highest reliability (its effect can prevent unexpected and (or) unforeseen start);
- Where the machine is started by the pull-type protective device and is one of the possible control modes of the machine, the mode selection should ensure that it complies with the requirements of EN292.2, 1791/41: 1995. Appendix A, 1.2.5. The above considerations are that the closing of the pull-type protective device will cause the machine to operate in the dangerous area. 5.5 Selection of materials
5.5. 1. When selecting suitable materials for protective equipment, the following characteristics should be considered. The materials should always maintain these characteristics throughout the service life of the protective equipment. 5.5.2 Impact resistance The protective equipment is expected to be able to normally withstand the impact of visible machine parts, workpieces, broken objects, solid or fluid substances projected, and impacts caused by the operator. In cases where the protective equipment is equipped with an observation panel, special attention should be paid to the material selection and assembly method of this observation panel. The selection of these materials makes them suitable for bearing The mass and strength of the object or material being ejected shall be determined by the material selected.
5.5.3 Rigidity
The frame and filler materials required for protective equipment shall have a rigid and stable structure to resist deformation, which is particularly important when deformation of the material could jeopardize the ability to maintain a safe distance: 5.5.4 Possible fixings
Protective equipment frames or components shall be secured by means of mounting points of appropriate length, length and number to ensure that they remain securely positioned under appropriate conditions. Fixing may be by mechanical fixings or fasteners, flexible joints, adhesives or suitable methods.1. Dimensions and quality
The removable parts of the protective device should be designed with appropriate dimensions and quality to facilitate installation. Protective devices that are not easy to move and transport must be equipped with or can be installed with auxiliary devices for transportation by lifting equipment. These devices or structures can be: they have lifting rings, standard lifting ring screws, or a complete set of soft and simple holes that can be
|When a person can be reliably lifted from the ground, there is an automatic clamping device for lifting with a belt - a lifting mechanism and a lifting device of the protective device body! GB/T 8196—2003
- Marking: The mass of the protective device shall be marked on the protective device and some of its movable parts or in the instruction manual. The unit of ma
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