GB 17585-1998 Technical requirements for safety protection of slotting machines
Some standard content:
GB17585-1998
This standard is formulated based on GB15760--1995 "General Technical Conditions for Safety Protection of Metal Cutting Machine Tools" and combined with the structural characteristics of slotting machines. It is a supplement and concretization of GB15760. The drafting rules are in accordance with the requirements of GB/T16755--1997 "Drafting and Expression Rules for Mechanical Safety Standards".
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Metal Cutting Machine Tools. The drafting units of this standard are: Fushun Machine Tool Factory, Changsha Machine Tool Factory, and Changsha Fourth Machine Tool Factory. The main drafters of this standard are: Lei Gang, Sun Yiwen, Cao Zhisheng, Xu Meiqin, and Ma Tao. 325
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety protection technical requirements
Slotting machine
--Safeguarding specification This standard specifies the main technical requirements, measures and assessments for the safety protection of slotting machines. This standard applies to ordinary slotting machines with a maximum slotting length of 200 to 1600 mm. 2 Referenced standards
GB17585-1998
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following subtitles. GB2893—1982 Safety colors
GB2894—1996 Safety signs
GB/T3167--1993 Graphic symbols for operating instructions of metal cutting machine tools GB/T5226.1-1996 Industrial machinery and electrical equipment Part 1: General technical conditions GB6527.2—1986 Guidelines for the use of safety colors GB/T6576—1986 Machine tool lubrication systems
GB8196-1987 Safety requirements for protective covers of mechanical equipment GB12265—1990 Safety distances for mechanical protection GB/T15706 .2--1995 Basic concepts and general design rules for mechanical safety Part 2: Technical principles and specifications GB15760--1995 General technical conditions for safety protection of metal cutting machine tools GB/T16769--1997 Method for determining the sound pressure level of noise in metal cutting machine tools JB/T2826--1994 Technical conditions for slotting machines
3 Hazards of machine tools bZxz.net
3.1 Hazards of machinery
3.1.1 When the machine tool table moves quickly, the relative position of the table and the bed, and when the ram reciprocates, the relative position of the ram and the table may cause the risk of squeezing.
3.1.2 The sharp edges, corners, protruding parts and openings of the exposed parts of the machine tool may cause the risk of stabbing or piercing. 3.1.3 After the movement of the ram parts of the machine tool stops, there is a risk of falling due to the action of gravity. 3.1.4 The risk of the counterweight device falling due to the breakage of components in the ram counterweight system. 3.1.5 For electrically driven slotting machines, there may be a risk of falling when the ram moves. 3.1.6 There may be a risk of falling when the workbench moves longitudinally and horizontally. 3.1.7 The risk of people or other objects entering the processing area during the movement of the ram. 3.1.8 The risk of overload. 3.1.9 The risk of rotating the spokes of the rotating handwheel or the rotary movement of the handle when the workbench moves quickly. Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on November 18, 1998 326
Implemented on September 1, 1999
GB 17585—1998
3.1.10 The risk of belt and pulley movement. 3.1.11 The risk of the drive shaft of the feed system, the exposed transmission device, and the exposed rotating parts of the DC unit in the running state. 3.1.12 The risk of the tool falling due to the loosening of the tool clamping device. 3.2 Electrical hazards
3.2.1 Hazards of electric shock
3.2.1.1 Poor insulation of electrical equipment may cause electric shock. 3.2.1.2 Improper shielding of live parts may cause electric shock. 3.2.1.3 Poor grounding of electrical equipment may cause electric shock. 3.2.2 Hazards caused by improper protection of electrical equipment 3.2.2.1 The current in electrical equipment exceeds the rated value, which may cause damage to the electrical equipment. 3.2.2.2 Overloading of the motor may cause damage to the motor. 3.2.2.3 Overspeed of the motor may cause unexpected danger. 3.2.2.4 Malfunction of electrical equipment caused by power interruption or voltage drop. 3.2.3 Hazards caused by emergency.
3.2.4 Installation of buttons, signal lights, and switches that do not comply with design regulations may cause confusion in operation. 3.2.5 Hazards caused by reverse rotation of a motor working in one direction. 3.3 Noise may cause hearing loss, tinnitus, fatigue, mental depression and other diseases. 3.4 Hazards caused by materials
Hazards that may arise from improper selection of materials for the main parts of machine tools or use that does not meet design requirements. 3.5 Hazards caused by ignoring ergonomic principles when designing machine tools 3.5.1 The operating force of the machine tool handwheel and handle is too large, affecting the health of the operator. 3.5.2 The machine tool operating handle affects operation due to inappropriate installation height. 3.5.3 Hazards caused by lighting that does not meet regulations. 3.6 Hazards caused by improper safety protection measures 3.6.1 Additional hazards caused by safety devices. 3.6.2 Additional hazards caused by starting and stopping devices. 3.6.3 Hazards caused by improper protection of safety protection devices. 4 Safety requirements and measures
4.1 General requirements for safety requirements and measures 4.1.1 All potential risk factors should be eliminated or reduced as much as possible through design. 4.1.2 For risks that cannot be eliminated, necessary protective measures should be taken or safety protection devices should be installed. 4.1.3 For certain dangerous parts that are inconvenient to protect, they should be explained in the instruction manual, and warning signs should be set near the dangerous parts if necessary.
4.2 Safety requirements and measures for machinery
4.2.1 When the workbench moves to the limit position longitudinally, the minimum distance between it and the upper bed, and when the ram moves to the lower limit position, the minimum distance between it and the workbench surface, shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB12265 to ensure that there is no danger of squeezing the hands that may enter this area. 4.2.2 The exposed parts of the machine tool components should be flat and smooth from the design and process, and there should be no sharp edges, corners, protruding parts and openings that may cause injury.
4.2.3 The machine tool should be equipped with a counterweight device to prevent the ram from automatically falling after the movement stops. 4.2.4 The counterweight device of the ram should be enclosed in the machine tool. 4.2.5 For electrically driven slotting machines, the reciprocating motion of the ram should be equipped with a reliable limit device. 4.2.6 The longitudinal and transverse movement of the workbench should be equipped with a reliable limit device or limit mark. 327
GB 17585--1998
4.2.7 Apply safety color at the appropriate position of the lower end of the ram component to warn that people or objects are not allowed to enter the processing area during the movement of the ram. The safety color mark should comply with the provisions of 2.6 of GB6527.2-1986. 4.2.8 The machine tool should be equipped with an overload safety device. 4.2.9 The fast moving handwheel of the worktable should be able to automatically disengage from the rotating shaft, or a solid handwheel without spokes and handles should be used. 4.2.10 Belts and pulleys, exposed rotating parts of DC units, and exposed gears of the feed system should be equipped with protective covers. The protective covers should comply with the provisions of GB2893, GB8196 and GB12265. 4.2.11 Warning signs should be set at appropriate positions on the transmission shaft and exposed transmission device of the feed system. 4.2.72 The clamping device of the tool should ensure that it will not cause the tool to fall or be thrown out. 4.2.13 The safety requirements of the machine tool lubrication system shall comply with the provisions of GB/T6576. 4.3 Safety requirements and measures for electrical systems 4.3.1 Protection against electric shock shall comply with the relevant provisions of Chapter 6 of GB/T5226.1-1996. 4.3.1.1 The insulation protection of live parts shall comply with the provisions of 6.2.2 of GB/T5226.1-1996. 4.3.1.2 The shielding protection of live parts shall comply with the provisions of 6.2.1 and 6.3.1 of GB/T5226.1-1996. 4.3.1.3 The grounding of electrical equipment shall be safe and reliable. 4.3.2 The protection of electrical equipment shall comply with the provisions of Chapters 7 and 8 of GB/T5226.1-1996. 4.3.2.1 Overcurrent protection shall comply with the provisions of 7.2 of GB/T5226.1-1996. 4.3.2.2 Motor overload protection shall comply with the provisions of 7.3 of GB/T5226.1-1996. 4.3.2.3 Protection against power interruption or voltage drop shall comply with the provisions of 7.5 of GB/T5226.1-1996. 4.3.3 Emergency stop shall comply with the provisions of 5.4.9.2 of GB/T5226.1-1996. 4.3.4 The installation of buttons, signal lights and switches shall comply with the design regulations. 4.3.5 For motors rotating in one direction, there should be a clearly visible direction arrow sign near the motor. 4.4 Safety requirements and measures for noise
There should be no abnormal screaming and impact noise when the machine tool is running. Under the condition of idling, the noise sound pressure level at each speed shall not exceed 83 dB(A).
4.5 Safety requirements and measures for materials
The materials used for the main parts of the machine tool shall comply with the design requirements. 4.6 Safety requirements and measures based on the principles of ergonomics 4.6.1 The operating force of the handwheel and handle of the machine tool should be uniform within the travel range, and the operating force of the handwheel and handle should comply with the provisions of 5.5 of JB/T28261994.
4.6.2 The installation height of the operating handle (from the ground to the middle position of the handle) should generally comply with the provisions of 7.11 of GB15760-1995. 4.6.3 The lighting device of the machine tool should not have stroboscopic effect and disturbing glare. 4.7 Safety requirements and measures for safety protection devices 4.7.1 General requirements for safety protection devices. 4.7.1.1 Safety protection devices should have reliable performance and durable structure. 4.7.1.2 The safety protection device itself should not cause additional dangers; it should not limit the function of the machine tool, nor should it excessively restrict the operation, adjustment and maintenance of the machine tool.
4.7.1.3 The safety protection device should be firmly and reliably fixed. 4.7.1.4 The protective safety distance between the protective device and the dangerous parts of the machine tool should comply with the provisions of GB12265 4.7.1.5 The protective material should comply with the provisions of GB8196. 4.7.2 The protective covers and machine tool fixings of belts and pulleys, exposed rotating parts of DC units and exposed gear parts of feed systems shall comply with the provisions of 4.2.2.2 of GB/T15706.2-1995. 4.7.3 The starting and stopping devices shall not cause any dangerous situations. 4.7.3.1 Accidental power outages shall not cause danger to personnel; after power is restored, the machine tool workbench shall not start automatically. 328
GB17585-1998
4.7.3.2 The location of control devices shall ensure that no malfunction and additional danger will be caused during operation. Its layout shall take into account the principles of ergonomics. The location of electrical control devices shall generally comply with the provisions of 10.1.1 of GB/T5226.1-1996. 4.7.3.3 Control devices should be clearly identifiable and easy to distinguish. If necessary, signs indicating their functions or uses should be set. Signs should generally comply with the provisions of GB/T3167. The color and code of control devices should comply with the provisions of 10.2.1 of GB/T5226.11996. 4.8 Usage Information
4.8.1 General Requirements
4.8.1.1 Usage information should clearly specify the intended use of the machine tool and should include all instructions required to ensure safe and correct use of the machine tool. 4.8.1.2 Usage information should not be used to make up for design defects. 4.8.1.3 Usage information must include transportation, delivery test operation (assembly, installation and adjustment) and use (setting, teaching or process conversion, operation, cleaning, troubleshooting and machine maintenance). 4.8.2 Usage information should be configured according to the structure of the machine tool, the time and risk when the user needs to use the information. 4.8.3 Usage information can be given by the machine tool itself, random documents and other means (such as various signals and text warnings, etc.). 4.8.3.1 Signals and warning devices shall comply with the provisions of 5.3 of GB/T15706.2-1995. 4.8.3.2 Signs, symbols (pictograms) and text warnings shall comply with the provisions of 5.4 of GB/T15706.2-1995. 4.8.3.3 Accompanying documents shall comply with the provisions of 5.5 of GB/T15706.2-1995. 4.9 Safety requirements for storage and transportation of machine tools shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 13 of GB15760-1995. 5 Assessment of safety requirements and measures
5.1 General assessment
5.1.1 Assess whether the machine tool has reduced risks through design. 5.1.1.1 Inspect whether the machine tool has avoided or reduced risks through the selection of appropriate design structures in accordance with the contents specified in 3.1 to 3.9 of GB/T15706.2-1995.
5.1.1.2 Check whether the machine tool limits the exposure to danger by reducing the need for the operator to enter the danger zone in accordance with the provisions of 3.10 to 3.12 of GB/T15706.2-1995. 5.1.2 Assess whether the machine tool has taken necessary protective measures or installed safety protection devices for the dangers that cannot be eliminated. 5.1.2.1 Check whether the selection of the selected protective devices and safety devices is reasonable in accordance with the provisions of 4.1 of GB/T15706.2-1995.
5.1.2.2 Check whether the design and manufacturing requirements of the machine tool protective devices and safety devices are correct in accordance with the provisions of 4.2 of GB/T15706.2-1995.
5.1.3 Assess whether the use information of the machine tool informs and warns the user about the residual risks that cannot be eliminated or fully reduced by design and for which the safety protection devices are ineffective or incompletely effective. 5.2 Assessment of mechanical safety requirements and measures
5.2.1 Assess whether the machine tool meets the requirements of 4.2.1 of this standard. 5.2.2 Assess whether the drawings and processes meet the requirements of 4.2.2 of this standard, and inspect the exposed surface of the machine tool to see if there are sharp edges, corners, protruding parts and openings not specified in the drawings.
5.2.3 Start, stop and brake continuously for 10 times within the full speed range of the main movement, and inspect whether the ram parts fall after the machine tool stops moving.
5.2.4 Assess whether the ram counterweight device is enclosed in the machine tool. 5.2.5 Assess whether the limit safety device of the machine tool is reliable. 5.2.5.1 Assess whether the limit switch is firmly and reliably fixed and can be adjusted flexibly. 5.2.5.2 Start, stop and brake continuously for 10 times within the full speed range of the main movement, and inspect the reliability of the action. 5.2.5.3 Change the feed speed of the workbench 10 times respectively to check whether the action is reliable. When the feed motion is related to the main motion, select an appropriate main motion speed for testing, and the feed motion in each direction must be tested. 329
GB17585—1998
5.2.6 Evaluate whether the lower end of the slide component is painted with a safety warning color, and whether the safety warning color complies with the provisions of GB2893. 5.2.7 Evaluate whether the performance of the machine tool friction clutch meets the specified requirements. At the same time, the machine tool is subjected to a load test of about 25% of the maximum cutting resistance specified in the design in a short period of time. The machine tool overload protection device should be reliable. 5.2.8 Evaluate whether the machine tool design uses a physical handwheel without a spoke or a handle, or the workbench fast movement handwheel is automatically disengaged from the rotating axis.
5.2.9 Assess whether the protective covers of belts and pulleys, exposed rotating parts of DC units and exposed gears of feed systems are firm and reliable, whether the materials meet the design requirements, whether the protective safety distance meets the requirements of GB12265, whether the inner surface safety color meets the requirements of GB2893, and whether the safety requirements for protective covers meet the requirements of GB8196. 5.2.10 Assess whether warning signs are set for the transmission shafts and exposed transmission devices of the feed system, and whether the signs meet the requirements of GB2894. 5.2.11 Under the maximum cutting force conditions specified in the design, check whether the tool clamping device is firm. 5.2.12 Assess whether the machine tool lubrication system meets the requirements of 4.2.13 of this standard. 5.3 Assessment of electrical safety requirements and measures
5.3.1 Electrical equipment should be tested for continuity, insulation resistance, withstand voltage, residual voltage protection and function of the protective grounding circuit in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 20 of GB/T5226.1--1996. 5.3.2 Assess whether the electrical system complies with the provisions of 4.3 of this standard. 5.4 Assessment of machine tool noise
Inspect whether the sound pressure level of machine tool noise complies with the requirements of 4.4 of this standard in accordance with the provisions of GB/T16769. 5.5 Assessment of materials
Assess whether the design of the machine tool reasonably guarantees the materials of the main components. 5.6 Assess whether the machine tool has taken protective measures according to the principles of ergonomics. 5.6.1 Assess whether the operating force of the machine tool handwheel and handle complies with the provisions of 4.6.1 of this standard. 5.6.2 Assess whether the installation of the operating handle complies with the provisions of 4.6.2 of this standard. 5.6.3 Assess whether the lighting device of the machine tool complies with the provisions of 4.6.3 of this standard. 5.7 Assessment of safety protection devices
Assess whether the safety protection device of the machine tool complies with the provisions of 4.7 of this standard. 5.8 Evaluation of usage information
5.8.1 Evaluate whether the machine tool manual clearly specifies the machine tool's safety performance, safety precautions, and safety regulations to be followed during operation, adjustment, and maintenance.
5.8.2 Evaluate whether the usage information complies with the provisions of 4.8 of this standard. 5.9 Evaluate whether the storage and transportation of the machine tool complies with 4.9. 6 Responsibilities
6.1 The manufacturer shall provide an instruction manual for each machine tool. The machine tool instruction manual shall include the machine tool's safety performance, safety precautions, and safety requirements for operation, adjustment, and maintenance. 6.2 The manufacturer shall be responsible for the safety protection of the machine tool and the auxiliary equipment supplied with it. 6.3 The user shall be responsible for the safety protection of the fixtures, tooling, and auxiliary equipment added by the user, and for the safety protection of the machine tool work area after the user changes or modifies the original tooling and auxiliary equipment. 6.4 The user shall be responsible for the danger caused by failure to install, operate, and maintain the machine tool in accordance with the instruction manual. 330
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.