WB/T 1044-2012 Pallet Shelves WB/T1044-2012 |tt||Standard compression package decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the form, grade and load of pallet shelves, the materials, structure and dimensions of shelves, as well as the performance requirements, spraying requirements and inspection methods of shelves. This standard applies to prefabricated shelves that are mainly used for forklifts to store pallet unit goods. However, it does not apply to shelves for automated warehouses that are mainly used for rail stacking cranes to store pallet unit goods. This standard
is proposed by the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Logistics Standardization Technical Committee.
The responsible drafting units of this standard are: Nanjing Yinfei Storage Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd., Shanghai Dinghu Industrial Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing Botu Logistics Equipment Co., Ltd., and China Logistics Technology Association.
The drafting organizations of this standard include: Nanjing Huade Warehousing Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Liuwei Logistics Equipment Industry Co., Ltd., Taiyuan Gangyu Logistics Engineering Co., Ltd., Nanjing Nord Industry Co., Ltd., Huzhou Dema Logistics System Engineering Co., Ltd., and Dongguan Haili Logistics System Equipment Co., Ltd. The
main drafters of this standard include: Jin Yueyue, Zhang Weiguo, Jiang Wei, Zhou Zhaoming, Xu Zhenglin, Bao Ming, Sun Weidong, Zhou Binghua, Wang Shixiang, Xie Ruolan, Guo Ai, Yu Junyong, Zhao Deping, Li Jianshi, Hao Longyu, Xu Feng, Jiang Xiaoji, Gu Tao, Wu Ming, and Li Shoulin.
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB700—2006 Carbon structural steel
GB/T1591—2008 Low alloy structural steel
GB/T783 Maximum lifting weight series of lifting machinery
GB/T1231 Technical conditions for high-strength large hexagonal head bolts, large hexagonal nuts and washers for steel structures
GB/T1740—2007 Determination of moisture and heat resistance of paint films
GB/T3632 Torsion shear type high-strength bolt connection pairs for steel structures
GB/T5117 Carbon steel welding rod
GB/T5118 Low alloy steel welding rod
GB/T5780 Hexagonal head bolts, grade C
GB/T5782 Hexagonal head bolts
GB/T6739 Determination of paint film hardness by pencil method for paint and varnish
GB/T6807 Technical conditions for phosphating of steel workpieces before painting
GB/T8110 Carbon steel and low alloy steel welding wire for gas shielded arc welding
GB/T9278 Conditioning and test temperature and humidity of coating sample
GB/T9286—1998 Cross-cut test for paint and varnish film
GB/T10045 Carbon steel flux-cored welding wire
GB/T13452.2 Determination of paint and varnish film thickness
GB/T14957 Steel wire for fusion welding
GB/T17493 Low alloy steel flux-cored welding wire
GB50011 Code for seismic design of buildings
GB50223 Classification standard for earthquake-resistant construction engineering
HG/T2006 Thermosetting powder coating
HG/T2537 Carbon dioxide for welding
JB/T5000.12 General technical conditions for heavy machinery Part 12: Painting
WB/T1042—2012 Shelf terminology
WB/T1043 Shelf classification and code

ICS 53.980
Material Management Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China WB/T1044—2012
Pallet rack
Pallet rack
2012-03-24 Issued
National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China Implemented on 2012-07-01
1 Scope
Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Forms, grades and loads
5 Materials
6 Structure
Shelf dimensions and tolerances
Strength, rigidity and stability requirements
Powder electrostatic spraying requirements
Testing methods
Inspection regulations and tests
Product identification
Xianer signage
WB/T 1044—2012
This standard is proposed by the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing. Foreword
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Logistics Standardization Technical Committee. wB/T1044—2012
The responsible drafting units of this standard are: Nanjing Yinfei Storage Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd., Shanghai Dinghu Industrial Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing Botu Logistics Equipment Co., Ltd., and China Logistics Technology Association. The participating drafting units of this standard are: Nanjing Huade Storage Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Liuwei Logistics Equipment Industrial Co., Ltd., Taiyuan Gangyu Logistics Engineering Co., Ltd., Nanjing Nord Industrial Co., Ltd., Huzhou Dema Logistics System Engineering Co., Ltd., and Dongguan Haili Logistics System Design Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard are: Jin Fuyue, Zhang Weiguo, Jiang Wei, Zhou Zhaoming, Xu Zhilin, Bao Ming, Sun Weidong, Zhou Binghua, Zheng Shixiang, Xie Zhuolan, Guo Ai, Yu Junyong, Zhao Deping, Li Jianshi, Hao Longyu, Xu Feng, Jiang Xiaoji, Gu Tao, Wu Ming, Li Shoulin. 1. Specification
Pallet racks
WB/T1044—2012
This standard specifies the form, grade and load of pallet racks, the materials, structure and dimensions of the racks, the performance requirements of the racks, the spraying requirements and the inspection methods.
This standard is applicable to prefabricated racks that are mainly used for forklifts to store pallet unit goods, but is not applicable to automated warehouse racks that are mainly used for rail stacking cranes to store pallet unit goods. 2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For all references with dates, the versions with dates apply to this document. For all references without dates, the latest versions (including all amendments) apply to this document. GB700--2006 Carbon cable structural steel
GB/T1591-2008 Low alloy structural steel
GB/T 783 Maximum lifting weight series for cranes GB/T1231 Technical conditions for high strength large hexagonal head screws, large hexagonal nuts and washers for steel structures GB/T1740-2007 Determination of mud heat resistance of paint film Torsion shear type high strength screw connection pair for steel structures GB/T 3532
GB/I ​​5117
Carbon steel welding rod
Low alloy steel welding rod
GB/T 5118
GB/T 5780
Hexagonal head bolts, grade C
GB/T 5782
Hexagonal head climbing bolts
GB/T 6739
GB/T 6807
Paints and varnishes
Determination of film hardness by pencil method
Steel II. Technical conditions for phosphating treatment of parts before paintingCB/T 8110
Carbon steel and low alloy steel welding wire for gas shielded arc weldingGB/T9278 Temperature setting degree of coating sample state adjustment and testGB/T9286-1998 Cross-cut test of paint and varnish filmGB/T10045Carbon steel flux-cored welding wire
GB/T13452.2Paints and varnishes
Determination of film thickness
GB/T14957Steel wire for fusion welding
GB/T17493Low alloy steel flux-cored welding wire
Code for seismic design of buildings
GB 50011
Classification standard for anti-smoke protection of construction projects
GBE0223
HG/T2006 Thermosetting powder coatings
HG/T2537 Carbon dioxide for welding
JB/T5000.12 General technical conditions for heavy machinery Part 12: Painting WB/I 10422
2012 Shelf terminology
W1/T1043 Shelf classification and code
WB/T 1044—2012
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in WB/T1042--2012 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1
Spacer of column framewarkComponents connecting two columns between rows to maintain a certain distance between columns and improve the stability of the shelf. See Figure 1.3.2
RacksafetydeviceAncillary facilities used to ensure the safety of the cargo system, such as beam safety pins (buckles), foot guards, isolation nets, anti-collision guardrails, etc. Foreword
) Single-row rack
Figure 1 Pallet rack
4 Forms, grades and their loads
4.1 Form
Direction of travel
The forms of the racks are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1, type
Single-row
Double-row
4.2 b) Double-row racks
Figure 1 (continued)
Table 1 Forms of racks
Upright sheet isolation
Depth square
1-row rack
WB/T 1044-2012
2-row rack; connected by upright sheet isolation
The grade of the racks is classified according to the allowable deflection of the beams, as shown in Table 2. Table 2 Rack level
The deflection of the mechanical beam at the maximum effective load is less than 1/300 of the effective row distance, but not more than 15 mm. The deflection of the beam at the maximum load is less than 1/200 of the effective row distance, but not more than 15 mm. WB/T 1044—2012
4.3 Rated load and maximum load of the rack
4.3.1 Rated load
When the rack is working normally, the weight of the pallet unit goods (including the weight of the pallet) allowed to be carried on each cargo position is called the rated load. The rated load of the rack should not be greater than the rated lifting capacity of the crane or forklift. The rated lifting capacity should comply with the provisions of CB/T783. 4.3.2 Maximum load
When the rack is considering the overload factor, the maximum weight of the pallet unit goods (including the weight of the pallet) allowed to be carried on each cargo position is called the maximum load. The number of pallets on a single-layer beam sheet, the load on a single-layer beam sheet, and the maximum load on a single-layer beam sheet should meet the requirements of Table 3. Table 3 Maximum load on single-layer cross beam
Rated load of single pallet unit cargo
5 Materials
5.1 Structural materials of shelves
Single-layer cross beam
Number of pallets
Rated load on single-layer cross beam
Maximum load on single-layer cross beam
The structural materials of the shelves should be selected according to their importance, load characteristics, connection methods, use environment and other specific conditions. The structural materials of the shelves should be Q235 steel specified in GB700-2006 or steel specified in GB/T1591-2008. When the ambient temperature is equal to or lower than -20°, the load-bearing structure of the shelf shall adopt Q235-D grade steel specified in GB700-2006 or Q345-E grade steel specified in GB/T1591-2008. The steel of the load-bearing structure shall have qualified guarantees of tensile strength, ductility, yield strength and sulfur and phosphorus content at the actual use temperature; the steel of the welded structure shall have qualified guarantees of carbon content; and the cold-bent steel shall only have qualified guarantees of cold-bending tests. 5.2 Welding materials
Manual welding rods shall comply with the provisions of GB/T5117 and 1GB/T6118, and the selected coal rod model shall be adapted to the strength of the main metal.
Welding wires for automatic welding and semi-automatic welding shall comply with the provisions of GB/114957, GB/T8110, GB/T10045 and GB/T17493, and the selected welding wires and fluxes shall be adapted to the strength of the main metal. WB/T 1044—2012
The carbon dioxide gas used in gas shielded welding should comply with HG/T2537, and the coal wire should be alloy steel welding wire containing high deoxidizing elements such as manganese and silicon.
5.3 Connector materials
Ordinary bolts shall comply with the provisions of GB/T5780 or GB/T5782. High-strength bolts shall comply with the provisions of GB/T1231 or GB/T3632. Staggered bolts should be made of Q235 steel specified in G700-2006 or Q345 steel specified in GB/T1551-2008. 6 Structure
6.1 The shelf is an independent structure composed of column pieces, beam pieces, etc. Its strength, rigidity and stability shall meet the requirements of Chapter 8. 6.2 The connection between column pieces and beam pieces should be easy to assemble and disassemble. 6.3 The layer spacing of upper and lower adjacent beams can be adjusted according to the height of the pallet unit goods. The layer spacing should be an integer multiple of 50mm, 75mm or 100m.
6.4 When the column pieces are fixed on an uneven ground, they should be adjusted through gaskets to ensure that the column pieces are evenly stressed. 6.5 For double-row shelves, the column plates should be connected to each other at the position where the two adjacent columns do not affect their work. The column plates and walls of single-row shelves should also be connected to each other with spacers. 6.6 In order to enhance the stability of the shelf, a back diagonal rod can be provided on the back of the shelf, and a top diagonal rod can be provided on the top of the shelf (as shown in Figure 2); a row connecting rod can be provided between the two rows on both sides of the rollway (as shown in Figure 3). Top material tie rod
Back diagonal rod
Figure 2 Diagram of diagonal rod
Row connecting rod
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of row connecting rod
When the horizontal displacement in the horizontal direction is greater than the specified value under the action of horizontal load, the back of the shelf should be provided with a back diagonal rod, and the top of the shelf should be provided with a top diagonal rod; when the displacement in the depth direction is greater than the specified value under the action of horizontal load, a row connecting rod should be provided between the two rows of shelves on both sides of the lane.
6.7 The shelves should be equipped with necessary shelf safety devices. The surface color of the shelf safety devices should be warning color. 7 Shelf size and tolerance
7.1 Effective row spacing
The effective row spacing of the shelves should ensure the safety between the pallets on the same cargo grid and the shelf columns on both sides. The safety spacing size should meet the requirements of Figure 4. The safety spacing size between pallets should meet the requirements of Figure 4. 5
WB/T1044—2012
7.2 Effective layer spacing
The effective layer spacing of the shelves should ensure the safety between the pallet unit goods and the upper beam. The effective layer spacing should be equal to the sum of the height of the pallet unit goods and the safety spacing. The safety spacing should meet the requirements of Figure 4. Unit is meter
Height of crossbeam
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of effective row spacing and effective layer spacing of shelves 7.3 DepthbZxz.net
The depth of the shelf should ensure that when the pallet is correctly placed on the crossbeam 1, there is a safe operating distance between the full end of the pallet and the crossbeam. The safe operating distance (Y) should be determined according to the support depth (X), and the size should meet the requirements of Y in Figure 5. Dimension requirements
Pallet position
Double pallet position
Four pallet positions
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of column depth and safety distance 7.4 Top layer height
The maximum lifting height of the forklift should be greater than the top layer height of the shelf by 200rm. 6
7.5 Spacing of double-row rack columns in depth direction WB/T 1044—2012
The spacing of double-row rack columns in depth direction (length dimension of column spacers) shall ensure that a safe distance (Z) is left between two adjacent pallets in the same layer height depth direction. The safe distance (Z) shall be determined according to the pallet depth (X), and the dimension shall meet the requirements of Z in Figure 5.
7.6 Allowable difference
The allowable difference of the main dimensions of the rack is shown in Table 4. Table 4 Allowable difference
Effective row distance
Top layer height
Strength, rigidity and stability requirements
8.1 Under vertical load
Allowable difference
8.1.1 Under the maximum cross-load, the deflection of the beam shall be less than 1/300 or less than 1/200 of the effective row opening dimension. 8.1.2 Under the action of 1.5 times the rated load, the beam should not be deformed to the point of losing its original function. 8.1.3 Under the action of 1.5 times the rated load, the joint between the beam and the column should not be deformed to the point of losing its original function. 8.1.4 Under the action of 1.5 times the rated load, the column piece should not be deformed to the point of losing its original function. 8.2 Under the action of horizontal load
8.2.1 The maximum value of the horizontal load shall be calculated by multiplying the sum of the deadweight of the shelf and the maximum load by the loading rate and the horizontal earthquake influence coefficient. The horizontal earthquake influence coefficient shall be calculated according to the seismic fortification intensity of the region. The seismic fortification intensity level shall comply with the provisions of GB50223. The calculation of horizontal ground action shall comply with the provisions of GB50011. 8.2.2 When the shelves are subjected to horizontal loads in the row direction and depth direction, there should be no abnormality in the joints of the crossbeams, columns and their components. 8.2.3 Under the action of horizontal loads, the horizontal displacement of the nodes of the crossbeams and columns should be less than 1/50 of the spacing between the beams along the row direction and less than 1/100 of the spacing between the beams along the depth direction. 8.3 Others
The design shear force of the beam safety ring should be greater than 4kN to ensure that the beam will not be damaged or fall off when subjected to the upper force. 9 Requirements for powder electrostatic spraying
9.1 Spraying process
The surface of the structural parts of the shelf should be coated with powder electrostatic spraying. When the structural parts of the shelf are coated with other gun coating processes, they should comply with the provisions of J13/T5000.12.
WB/T 1044-2012
9.2 Spraying materials
Thermosetting powder coatings shall meet the requirements of HG/T2006, among which hardness, adhesion, impact resistance, bending test, alkali resistance, acid resistance, etc. shall be tested under the temperature conditions specified in GB/T9278. 9.3 Spraying environment requirements
The ambient temperature and relative humidity during painting shall meet the requirements of the coating product manual. When there are no requirements in the product manual, the indoor temperature should be between 5℃ and 38℃, and the relative humidity should not be greater than 85%. When there is condensation on the surface of the component, painting should not be carried out. 9.4 Pre-spraying treatment
9.4.1 Before electrostatic powder spraying, the surface oil, rust, dust and other impurities should be removed, and no pre-treatment liquid (or cleaning liquid) or other impurities that affect the coating quality should be left
9.4.2 The quality inspection of the workpiece before painting and after phosphating should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T6807: including the appearance of the phosphating film, the weight of the phosphating film, the corrosion resistance of the phosphating film and the corrosion resistance of the coating. 9.4.3 After the surface treatment, the powder spraying operation should be completed within 24 hours. 9.5 Spraying requirements
9.5.1 The color of the coating should meet the color requirements of the sample or color plate confirmed by the customer or the requirements of the order. The coating color and the color of the color card are compared by measuring at a distance of 0.5m under natural light, and there should be no obvious color difference. 9.5.2 The average thickness of the coating should not be less than 60um, and the widest part should not be less than 40mm. 9.5.3 The hardness of the coating shall not be lower than the H grade of pencil hardness in GR/T6739. 9.5.4 The resistance of the coating to detachment from the substrate shall reach Grade 0 as specified in the test result classification table of GB/T9286-1998. 9.5.5 The moisture and heat resistance of the coating shall reach Grade 1 as specified in the comprehensive damage classification table of GB/T1740-2007. 9.6 Quality determination of sprayed surface
9.6.1 The coating of the cargo channel component shall be deemed qualified if it has any of the following conditions: a) slight orange peel;
b) inconspicuous pinholes and shrinkage cavities;
c) inconspicuous color difference.
9.6.2 The coating of shelf components shall be deemed unqualified if it has any of the following conditions: a) severe orange peel;
obvious pinholes and shrinkage holes;
c) severe color difference;
d) important surfaces are exposed or have scratches;
e) blistering;
f) partial detachment.
10 Test method
10.1 Test method for transverse deflection under vertical load 10.1.1 Preparation before test
Fix the shelf on a fully pressure-resistant horizontal ground or test platform through the shelf's column, base and gasket. The shelf's spacing, depth, layer, etc. should match the size of the unit pallet goods used. 10.1.2 Loading method
WB/T 1044-—2012
When loading one pallet in one column, start from the end and add the force with 1/4, 1/2, 1/4 intervals, using 2 concentrated force 4-point method, as shown in Figure 6:
When loading two pallets in one column, start from the end and add the force with 1/8, 1/4, 1/4, 1/4.1/8 intervals, using 4 concentrated force 8-point method, as shown in Figure 7. The loading time is 24 h. The gap between pallets and the gap between pallets and the side wall of the column should be 100 mm and 75 mm respectively.
F (vertical shearing)
Horizontal frame test piece
One column width.
Interference meter
Figure 6 Schematic diagram of beam deflection test under vertical load when one pallet is loaded in the column F (vertical load)
.One column width,
Equipped rack
Interference meter
F (vertical shearing)
Equipped frame
Beam removal test
Figure 7 Schematic diagram of beam deflection test under vertical load when two pallets are loaded in the column 10.1.3 Test steps
10.1.3.1 Apply the maximum load to the beam piece of the first layer, measure the deflection of the front and rear mold beams of the beam piece and take the average value. Then conduct a second test. When the error of the two tests is less than 10%, the average value of the two tests is taken. If the error between the two tests is greater than 10%, conduct a third test and take the average value.
10.1.3.2 Apply 1.5 times the rated load to any layer of cross beams and check whether there are any abnormalities in the joints of the columns and components. When the load is removed, the components should not have permanent deformation. 10.1.3.3 Apply 1.5 times the rated load to each cross piece. When the load is removed, the column piece should not have permanent deformation. 10.1.4 Other testing methods
The above testing methods can also be used to conduct laboratory data testing using components made of materials with equivalent mechanical properties, or theoretical calculation results can be used instead.
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