Some standard content:
ECS43.020
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 19596—2004
Terminology of electric vehicles
Terminology of electric vehicles2004-11-02 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaStandardization Administration of China
Implementation on 2005-06-01
GB/T19596—2004
The terms in this standard include four parts:
---Motor and controller:
--Battery:
—Charger.
3.1 The whole part corresponds to 1S8713:2G02 "Electric Road Vehicles - Vocabulary" (English version). It includes the content related to the whole vehicle in 1S08713:2002. Its terminology definition basically adopts the expression method of S08713, and a large number of related terms are added on the basis of ISO8713:2002. The added terms and definitions are mainly based on JIS DO112 and SAE, IEC related standards, etc., and are formulated in combination with the actual use situation in my country. The structure of this part is divided into three parts according to the unique category of electric vehicles, structure and components, and energy avoidance. The main differences between the whole vehicle part and 1SO8713:2002 are: 1) The electric reverse road vehicle is changed to electric vehicle according to Chinese habits; 2) The writing format is different. Therefore, the order of terms is completely different from ISO8713; 3) This part only contains the content related to the whole vehicle in 1S08713, and some common terms are no longer listed. For example, it does not include common terms such as the maximum design total mass and opening parts in ISO8713: 4) Some term definitions have been appropriately modified with reference to relevant SAE and IEC standards or domestic actual conditions; 5) According to the domestic customary usage of certain terms for electric vehicles and the development of new technologies, appropriate terms and corresponding definitions have been added. The vehicle part only specifies terms and definitions for the characteristics of electric vehicles, while the classification of vehicle types is based on the terms and definitions in GB/T3730.1*Terms and definitions of vehicle and trailer types (for example: electric passenger cars, electric buses, etc.), which are no longer defined in this part. 3.2 The motor and controller part is formulated with reference to Japan's JIS TDO113 "Terminology of Electric Vehicles - Motors and Control Devices". JIS0113 covers the motors and controllers of pure electric vehicles. Considering the development of energy-saving electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, the terms related to generators are added to make the standard applicable to motors and their controllers. Several common terms such as peak torque are added, and terms such as IGHT inverter are cancelled. The expression of term definitions refers to JIS DI113, most of which are modified and redefined, and some are consistent with GB/T2900.25 "Electrical Engineering Terms for Rotating Electric Machines", GB/T2900.26 "Electrical Engineering Terms for Controlled Motors" and GB/T18488.12001 "Technical Conditions for Motors and Their Controllers for Electric Vehicles". The structure of this part adopts the format of JIS IDDOI13. 3.3 The battery part mainly refers to ISO 8713.2002 Electric Road Vehicles - Vocabulary (English version), SAE J1715: 1994 "Electric Vehicle Terminology" and SAE J1715 D0114: 2000 "Electric Vehicle Terminology (Battery)" (formerly "EVS2807, 1998) in the two standards concerning electric vehicle batteries. The definition of terms refers to the expression method of ISO 8713 and SAE J1715. The definitions of terms that are not included in ISO 8713 and SAE J1715 refer to the definitions of JIS D0114, and the definitions of some terms are based on GB/T 290.11 -1988. The structure adopts the format of IISD0114, including the terms and definitions of the types, structures and components, specifications and performance of electric vehicle batteries.
3.1 The charger part is mainly formulated with reference to JIS D01152000 & Electric Vehicle Terminology (Charger) (English version), and the definitions of some terms refer to the relevant 1EC standards. The structure of this part adopts JIS The format of DO115 mainly includes the terms and definitions of four parts: overview, charging method, structure and components, specifications and performance of electric vehicle chargers. This standard is proposed by the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Automobile Standardization: The drafting unit of this standard: China Automotive Technology Research Center. The main drafters of 3.1 complete vehicle part of this standard: Zhao Jingwei: The main drafters of 3.2 motor and controller part of this standard: Xu Xiuxiang: The main drafters of 3.3 and 3.1 battery and charger parts of this standard: Liu Xianghai. 1 Scope
Electric vehicle terminology
This standard specifies the terms and definitions related to electric vehicles. This standard applies to electric vehicle complete vehicles, motors and controllers, batteries and chargers. Note: The relevant terms of thermal battery vehicles are not considered in this standard. 2 Normative references
GB/T 19596-2004
The clauses in the following documents are referenced in this standard and become the clauses of this standard. For any dated referenced document, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, parties reaching an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version is applicable to this standard. GB4208 Protection degree of enclosure (IP code) (GB42081993, eg JEC60529,1989) 3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Vehicle
3.1.1 Types of electric vehicles
3. 1. 1. 1
Electric vehicles
electric vehicles
The following vehicles are collectively referred to as electric vehicles.
3. 1. 1. 1.1
battery electric vehicle
Pure electric vehicle
A vehicle driven by an electric motor. The electric motor's driving power comes from an on-board rechargeable battery or other energy storage device. 3. t. 1. 1. 2
Hybrid electric vehicleHEV
A vehicle that can obtain power from at least two types of on-board stored energy: consumable fuel;
--rechargeable energy/energy storage device.
3. +. 1, t, 2, 1
Series hybrid electric vehicleserleshybrid electric vehicleSHE
A hybrid electric vehicle whose driving power comes only from the electric motor. 3. 1. 1. 1. 2. 2
Parallel hybrid electric vehicleParallelhyhrid electric vehiclePHEV
A hybrid electric vehicle whose driving power is provided by both the electric motor and the engine simultaneously or separately. 3.1.1.1.2.3
Combined hybrid (electric) vehiclecomblnedhybridelettricvehleleHybrid (electric) vehicle with both series and parallel drive modes. GB/T 19596--2004
3.1.1.1.3
Fuel cell electric vehicleFCEV
A vehicle that uses a fuel cell as its power source. 3.1.2 Structure and components
3.1.2.1 Drive and running device
3.1.2.1.1
Auxiliary system
Auxiliary system
Other on-board systems that use electricity or are operated by electric energy other than the drive system. For example: lamps, windshield wiper motors, audio, etc. 3. 1.2. 1.2
on-board energy source
the combination of an on-board energy source
converter (as defined in 3.2.3.1) and an energy storage device. 3. 1. 2. 1. 3
propulsion system
the combination of an on-board energy source and a power train.
3. 1. 2. 1. 4
power train
the combination of a power train and a transmission system.
3. 1. 2. 1.5
DrivedirectinnontolA special device operated by the driver to select the direction of the vehicle (forward or reverse), such as a joystick or a push button switch. 3. 1. 2.2 Vehicle body, chassis
3. 1. 2. 2. 1
Battery carrier
Battery carrier
A device for carrying power batteries. There are mobile and fixed types. 3. 1.2.2.2
Electrical chassis
: A group of electrically connected conductive parts, whose potential is used as the reference potential. 3. 1. 2. 2. 3
Power cable
Puwer cable
Electric wires that constitute the power circuit of the driving motor. 3. 1. 2. 2. 4
charging inlet
A device for installing a charging socket (conductive charging) or charging port (inductive charging) on the vehicle body. 3.1.2.3 Electrical devices and components
3. 1. 2. 3. 1
circuit breaker
A device that cuts off the circuit when the circuit is abnormal. 3. 1, 2. 3, 2
energy storage
A device installed on an electric vehicle that can store electrical energy, including all power batteries, supercapacitors, flywheel batteries, etc. or their combination. 3. 1. 2. 3. 3
live part
A conductor or conductive part that is energized during normal use. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4
Conductive part
Part that can pass current.
Note: Although it is not charged under normal working conditions, it may become a live part when the basic insulation fails. 3. 1. 2. 3. 5
Exposed conductive part According to GB4208, the conductive part that can be touched by the IPXXB (protection level code) test finger. GB/T 19596—2004
Note, this concept is for a specific circuit. The live part in one circuit may be the external conductor in another circuit. For example, the body of a utility vehicle may be the live part of an auxiliary circuit, which is the exposed conductor for a power circuit. 3.1.2.3.6
main switch
main switch
manual switch for opening and closing the power battery and controlling its main circuit 3.1.2.3.7
insukation resistance monitoring system
insukaoce monitoring system A system for periodically (or continuously) monitoring the insulation resistance between the power battery and the vehicle chassis. 3.1.2.3.B
service plug
maintenance plug
a device for disconnecting the circuit when maintaining or replacing the power battery. 3.1.2.4 indicators and signal devices
3.1.2.4.1
battery overheat warning devicebattery overheat warning device A device that sends out an alarm signal when the temperature of the power battery exceeds the limit value. 3. 1. 2. 4. 2
battery level warning device
battery level warning deviceA device that sends out an alarm signal when the electrolyte level of the power battery is too low and needs to be replenished. 3. 1. 2, 4. 3
residoal capacity gaugeAn instrument that displays the remaining capacity of the power battery. 3. 1.2, 4. 4bzxZ.net
motor over revolution warping deviceA device that sends out an alarm signal when the speed of the motor exceeds the limit. 3. 1. 2. 4. 5
motor overheat warning device
motor overheat warning deviceA device that sends out an alarm signal when the temperature of the motor exceeds the limit. 3. 1. 2. 4. 6
Motor over current warning device
motor over current warning deviceA device that sends out an alarm signal when the motor current exceeds the limit. 3. 1. 2. 4. 7
Coat roller overheat warning deviceA device that sends out an alarm signal when the temperature of the controller exceeds the limit, GB/T 19596—2004
3.1.2.4.8
Insulation failure warning deviceA device that sends out an alarm signal when leakage occurs in the insulation circuit, 3. 1. 2. 4. 9
Standby IndicatorA device that shows that the machine can operate normally.
3. 1. 2. 4. 10
Brake energy recovery indicator
electric retarder indicator
Indicates the strength of energy recovery in the electric brake system. 3. 1. 3 Performance
3. 1.3. 1 Driving
3. 1. 3. 1. 1
Discharged energy (whole vehicle) discharged energy The electric energy released by the energy storage device during driving of an electric vehicle, in Wh. 3. 1. 3. 1. 2
regenerated energy
Regenerated energy
Electric energy recovered by regenerative braking of an electric vehicle during driving, in h. 3. 1. 3. 1. 3
Continuous mileage
The maximum distance that an electric vehicle can travel continuously under certain driving conditions when the power battery is fully charged, in km. 3. 3. 3. 1. 4
Energy consumption rateenergy consumptionThe value obtained by dividing the electric energy obtained from the power grid by the mileage after the power battery of an electric vehicle is recharged to the capacity before the test after the specified test cycle, in Wh/km. 3. 1. 3. 1. 5
Maximum speed(1 km)The maximum average speed at which an electric vehicle can travel continuously for a distance of more than 1 km. 3. 1. 3. 1. 6
30 min maximum thirty-oinutes speed The highest average speed at which an electric vehicle can travel continuously for more than 30 min. 3. 1. 3. 1. 7
Acceleration abity The shortest time required for an electric vehicle to accelerate from speed V1 to speed V. 3. 1. 3. 1. 8
Hill startingability The maximum slope on which an electric vehicle can start and travel up a slope of at least 10 m within 1 min. 3. 1. 3. 1. 9
Power train efficiency
Power train efficiency In pure electric operation, the value obtained by dividing the mechanical energy output from the power train by the electrical energy input into the power train. 3. 1. 3. 1. 10
Climbing speed speed tphill
The maximum average speed at which an electric vehicle can travel continuously for more than 1 km on a slope of a given gradient. 3. 1. 3.2 Braking
3. 1. 3. 2. 1
Regenerative braking
regeneration braking
The braking process in which part of the energy is converted into electrical energy and stored in an energy storage device. 3.1.3.3 Safety
3, 1. 3. 3.
Unintended starting out The vehicle starts moving without expecting it to. 3. 1. 3. 3.2
creepagedistance
the shortest distance along the surface of solid insulating material between two conductive parts. 3.1.3.3.3
direct contact
direct contact
contact of persons or animals with live parts.
3.1.3.3.4
indirect contact
indirect contact
contact of persons or animals with exposed conductive parts which become live in the event of a basic insulation failure3.1.3.3.5
basic insulation
hasicinsulation
insulation on live parts providing basic protection against electric shock (in the absence of faults). NOTE Basic insulation need not include functional insulation. 3. 1. 3. 3. 6
Supplementary insulation
fsupplementary insulation
Independent insulation used in addition to basic insulation to prevent electric shock in the event of a basic insulation failure. 3. 1. 3. 3. 7
donhle insulation
double insulation
Insulation with both basic insulation and supplementary insulation. 3. 1. 3. 3. 8
reinforced insulation
reinforced insulation
Insulation structure on live parts that provides a degree of protection equivalent to effective insulation to prevent direct contact. GB/T19596—2004
Note! The term "insulation structure" does not mean that the insulation must be of a certain type of material. It can be composed of several insulating layers that can be tested separately, unlike basic insulation or supplementary insulation.
3.1.3.3.9
Protection degree
prntcetton degree
According to the definition of GB4208, the degree of protection provided by the test finger (TPXXR), test rod (TPXXC) or test wire (JPXXD) contacting the live parts.
3. 1. 3. 4 Quality
3. 1, 3. 4. 1
Electric vehicle kerb mass The kerb mass of the whole vehicle including the vehicle energy storage device. 3. 1. 3. 4. 2
Test mass of electric vehicle
ftest mass of an electrle vehicle The sum of the kerb mass of the electric vehicle and the additional mass required for the test. GB/F 19596—2004
3.2 Motors and controllers
3.2.1 Motors and controllers
3. 2. 1. 1
Electric machine
A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy or mechanical energy into electrical energy. It has parts that can move relative to each other and is an electrical device that operates by electromagnetic induction
3. 2. 1. 1. 1
Generator
geoperalor
A motor that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
3. 2. 1. 1. 2
Motor
A motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
3. 2. 1. 1. 2. 1
Drive motor
A motor that provides driving force for a vehicle: 3. 2. 1. 1. 2. 2
Auxiliary motor auxiliarymotor
A motor other than a drive motor.
3. 2. 1. 2
Motor controller
Electric machine controllerA device that controls the energy transmission between the power supply and the motor. It is composed of a control interface circuit, a motor control circuit and a drive circuit.
3.2.2 Motor types
3. 2. 2. t
Series-excited DC motor IxC series electrical machine A DC motor with the field winding and the armature winding connected in series. 3. 2. 2. 2
Shunt-excited DC motor DC shunt electricat michine A DC motor with the field winding and the armature winding connected in parallel. 3. 2. 2. 3
Brushless DC motor DC motor that uses electronic circuits to replace brushes and mechanical commutators. It is composed of a permanent magnet rotor motor body, a rotor position sensor and an electronic commutation circuit.
3. 2. 2. 4
AC induction motor AC induction electrical machine The stator and rotor are independent windings, and the two sides transmit torque through electromagnetic induction. The rotor rotates at a speed lower than/higher than the air gap rotating magnetic field.
3. 2. 2. 5
AC synchronous motor AC synchronous electrical machine The rotor rotates synchronously with the air gap rotating magnetic field. 3. 2. 2. 5. 1
Permanent-magnet synchronous motor permanent-magnet synchronous aus electrical machine The rotor is excited by water magnetic materials. 3.2.2.5.2 Electrically excited synchronous motor Electrical synchronous electrical machine A synchronous motor in which the excitation winding on the rotor is connected to the rotor external excitation power supply through a collector ring. 3.2.2.6 Switched reluctance electrical machine Switched reluctance motor GB/T 19596—2004 A motor that uses a large step-pitch reluctance stepper motor with similar number of poles on the rotor poles, and uses the front rotor sensor to control the conduction of each phase cable group through an electronic power switch to make it run. 3.2.3 Controller components 3.2.3.1 Converter (converter) A device that changes one or more characteristics (voltage, current, waveform, number of phases, frequency) of an electrical system. 3.2.3.1. 1
Inverter
inverler
A converter that converts direct current into alternating current. 3. 2. 3. 1. 2
rectifier
A converter that converts alternating current into direct current3. 2. 3. 1. 3
chopper
tt||A converter that switches the input direct current voltage on and off at a certain frequency to change the average output voltage. 3.2.4 Related equipment
DC/DC convertor (converter)
DC/DC converter
A converter that converts a certain direct current power supply voltage into any direct current voltage. 3. 2. 4. 2
cooling equipment
Cooling equipment
A device used to cool the motor and controller. 3.2.5 Performance data
3. 2. 5.1
Rated power
Output power under rated conditions.
Peak power
The maximum output power allowed by the motor within the specified duration. 3.2.5.3
Rated speed
rated speed
The minimum speed of the motor under rated power.
maximum work speed
The maximum working speed
The motor speed corresponding to the maximum design speed of the electric vehicle. 3.2.5.5
Rated torque
Rated torque
The output torque of the motor at rated power and rated speed: GB/T 19596—2004
Peak torque
The maximum torque allowed to be output by the motor within the specified duration. 3.2. 5. 7
locked-rator torque
The minimum measured value of the torque produced when the rotor is blocked at all angular positions. 3. 2. 5. 8
yoltage control method
electric control method
a control method that achieves speed control by changing the motor terminal voltage. 3. 2. 5. 9
eurrent control melhod
current control method
a control method that achieves speed control by changing the motor winding current surface. 3. 2. 5. 10
frequency control method
Frequency control method
A control method that realizes speed control by changing the power supply frequency of the motor. 3.2.5. 11
vector control
vector control
A method that takes the stator current of the AC motor as the input and decomposes it into independent control current components corresponding to the excitation current and armature current of the AC motor through coordinate transformation, so as to realize motor speed/torque control. 3.2. 5. 12
Direct torque control
direct torque control
Uses the spatial vector analysis method to directly calculate and control the torque of the AC motor in a fixed coordinate system, adopts fixed magnetic field orientation, generates PWM signals based on discrete two-point regulation, and directly controls the switching state of the inverter to obtain a high dynamic performance control method with short switching.
3.2. 5. 13
regenerative braking controlregenerative braking controlA control method that converts the kinetic energy of the moving vehicle into electrical energy and charges it to the on-board energy storage device to achieve vehicle speed control by converting the driving motor from the electric state to the generating state. 3. 2. 5. 14
field weakening control
field weakening control
A control method that controls the motor speed by weakening the air gap magnetic field. 3.2.5. 15
output characteristic
output characteristic
the relationship between the torque, output power and speed of the motor. 3.2.5. 15. 1
continuous output characteristic
the maximum output characteristic of the motor and controller when they are continuously operated for an unlimited time under specified conditions. 3.2.5. 35. 2
short-time output characteristic
short time output characteristic
short time output characteristic
the maximum output characteristic of the motor and controller when they are continuously operated for a specified time under specified conditions. 3.2.5. 16
combination efficiency of electrical machine and controller
the motor shaft output power divided by the controller input power multiplied by 100%. 3.3 Battery
3.3.1 Types of battery
3.3. 1. 1 Classification by purpose
3. 3. 1. 1. 1
Battery
GB/T 19596--2004
An electrochemical device that can store the electrical energy obtained in the form of chemical energy and convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and can be repeatedly charged and discharged.
3. 3. 1. 1. 1. 1
Traction battery
A battery that provides energy for the power system of an electric vehicle. 3. 3. 1. 1. 1. 2
Auxiliary battery
A battery that supplies power to the auxiliary system of an electric vehicle. 3. 3. 1.2 Classification by working medium
3. 3. 1. 2. 1
Lead-acid battery
A battery with lead dioxide as the positive electrode active material and sponge lead as the negative electrode active material, and sulfuric acid solution as the electrolyte. 3. 3. 1. 2. 2
Metal-oxide-metal-hydride batteryA battery with nickel oxide as the positive electrode, some hydrogen alloy that can absorb and release hydrogen as the negative electrode, and potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte. 3. 3. 1. 2. 3
Lithium-ion batteryA battery with lithium compounds such as lithium ion oxide, lithium manganese oxide, and lithium nickel oxide as the positive electrode, and carbon materials that can absorb lithium ions as the negative electrode, and organic electrolyte.
3. 3. 1. 2, 3. 1
Polymer lithium ion batteryPolymer lithium batteryA lithium ion battery in which at least one of the positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte is made of a polymer material. Its gel electrolyte is generally composed of a polymer membrane and an organic electrolyte.
3.3.2 Structure and components
3.3.2.1 Structure
3, 3. 2. 1. 1
Single cell
The smallest unit of a battery, generally composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte. Its nominal voltage is the nominal voltage of the electrochemical couple. 3. 3. 2. 1. 2
battery modulebattery module
a group of connected single cells
3. 3. 2. 1. 3
battery pack
battery pack
a single mechanical device composed of one or more battery modules. 3. 3. 2. 1. 4
battery management systema system that can control the input and output power of the battery, monitor the status of the battery (temperature, voltage and charge status), and provide a communication interface for the battery.
3. 3. 2. 1. 5
battery auxiliariesbattery brackets, cooling systems, temperature control systems and other components required for the normal operation of the battery system. 3.3.2.1.6
Battery systembatterysystem
Combination of all battery groups (packs) and battery management systems. 3.3.2.2 Components and related equipment
3.3.2.2.1
Active materials
Material that participates in the electrochemical charge/discharge reaction in the battery. 3.3.2.2.2
electrolyte
Electrolyte
When the battery undergoes a chemical reaction, it provides a medium for ions to move between the negative electrode and the negative electrode, and it can directly participate in the charge/discharge reaction. 3.3.2.2.3
Battery shellcontainer
Container for holding plates and electrolyte.
3. 3. 2. 2. 4
Fluid hole plug
yeztplug
A plug installed on the battery cover, which has the functions of exhaust, anti-foaming and explosion-proof. 3. 3. 2. 2. 5
Safety valve (vent valve)
Safety valve
Prevents the battery from rupture due to excessive internal pressure, and prevents the outside air from entering the battery components. 3. 3. 2. 2. 6
Terminal
The part electrically connected to the external circuit,
3. 3. 2. 2. 7
Ventilation device
A device that collects the gas generated by electrolysis during charging and discharges it outside the battery. 3, 3, 2. 2. 8
terminal cover
Terminal cover
A cover to prevent short circuit between terminals (poles). 3. 3. 3 Specifications and performance
3.3.3.1 Discharge
3. 3. 3. 1.1
Discharge
The process of releasing the chemical energy stored in the battery in the form of electrical energy. 3. 3. 3. 1. 2
Lead profile discharge
Profile discharge
The process of discharging with the corresponding load to simulate the load during actual operation. 3. 3. 3. 1. 3
Constant current discharge
Constant current discharge
The process of discharging the battery with a controlled constant current.
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