GB/T 20000.1-2014 Guidelines for Standardization Part 1 General Terms for Standardization and Related Activities GB/T20000.1-2014 Standard compression package decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This part of GB/T20000 defines the general terms and definitions for standardization and related activities. This part is applicable to standardization and other related fields. This part can also provide a corresponding basis for basic theoretical research and teaching practice such as standardization.
GB/T20000 "Guidelines for Standardization", GB/T1 "Guidelines for Standardization", GB/T20001 "Rules for Writing Standards",
GB/T20002 "Drafting of Specific Content in Standards" and GB/T20003 "Special Procedures for Standardization" together constitute a basic series of national standards that support the formulation and revision of standards.
GB/T20000 "Guide to Standardization" is proposed to be divided into the following parts:
———Part 1: General terms for standardization and related activities;
———Part 2: Adoption of international standards;
———Part 3: Reference documents;
———Part 4: General principles for translation of English versions of national standards;
———Part 5: General expressions for English versions of national standards;
———Part 6: Code of good practice for standardization;
———Part 7: Demonstration and formulation of management system standards;
———Part 8: Principles and guidelines for the use of the stage code system;
———Part 9: Adoption of other international standardization documents.
This part is Part 1 of GB/T20000.
This part was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 20000.1-2002 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1: General Vocabulary for Standardization and Related Activities".
Compared with GB/T 20000.1-2002, the main technical changes are as follows:
--- Five terms have been redefined, namely: standardization (see 3.1), standard (see 5.3), procedure (see 5.6), terminology standard (see 7.2), test standard (see 7.5), and "adoption of international standards" has been changed to "adoption of normative documents", and the definition has been modified (see 12.1);
———Added 16 terms and their definitions, namely: standardization document (see 5.2), industry standard (see 5.3.4), enterprise standard (see 5.3.6), standardization technical organization (see 6.5), technical committee (see 6.5.1), sub-technical committee (see 6.5.2), working group (see 6.5.3), classification standard (see 7.4), guide standard (see 7.8), drafting (see 11.4), compilation (see 11.5), formulation (see 11.6), degree of consistency (see 12.1.1), equivalence (see 12.1.1.1), modification (see 12.1.1.2), non-equivalence (see 12.1.1.3);
———According to ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004, some terms have been modified as follows:
● "standardization (object)" has been changed to "standardization object", see 3.2;
● ● Change "authority" to "authority", see 6.6;
● Change "expediency clause" to "deemed compliance clause", see 5.7.1, 9.6, 13.3.2;
● Change "reprint" to "reprinted version", see 11.11;
———According to ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004, some definitions have been modified as follows:
● "Preparation" is uniformly translated as "preparation" in the text, see Chapter 11;
● The definitions of some other terms have been modified, see 3.7, 4, 5.1, 5.4, 5.5, 8.1, 8.8, 8.9, 9.5, 9.5.1, 9.5.2, 11.1, 11.7, 11.8;
———The terms and definitions related to the adoption of standards are adjusted to the adoption of normative documents, see 12.1;
———Some terms and definitions related to regulatory reference standards are adjusted to normative document reference standards, see Chapter 13;
———The terms and definitions related to conformity assessment in GB/T 20000.1-2002 are deleted, and GB/T 27000 "Conformity Assessment Vocabulary and General Principles" is added, see Chapter 14.
This part uses the redrafting method to revise and adopt ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004 "General Vocabulary for Standardization and Related Activities".
This part has structural changes compared with ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004. According to the rules of GB/T 1.1-2009, the unnumbered "Scope" chapter in ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004 is compiled as Chapter 1; the unnumbered "Normative References" chapter is compiled as Chapter 2. Therefore, the chapter numbers in other chapters and terminology items of this part are numbered with "2" added to the chapter numbers in ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004; the terminology items in some chapters are renumbered in sequence due to the addition of some new terminology items, and the numbering of other terminology items corresponds
one-to-one with the terminology items in ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004 .
Compared with ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004, this part has the following technical differences:
--- Five terms have been redefined, namely: standardization (see 3.1), standard (see 5.3), procedure (see 5.6), terminology standard (see 7.2), test standard (see 7.5), to improve the definition of these concepts; at the same time, "adoption of international standards" has been changed to "adoption of normative documents" and the definition has been modified (see 12.1) to expand the scope of application of "adoption"; the term "mandatory standard" in 11.4 of ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004 has been deleted, and its definition is not suitable for the meaning of the term commonly used in China; Appendix A lists the relevant terms and definitions of ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004 that have been redefined and deleted by this part, so as to compare the relevant terms and definitions of this part with those in ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004;
--- Added 16 terms and their definitions, namely: standardization document (see 5.2), industry standard (see 5.3.4), enterprise standard (see 5.3.6), standardization technical organization (see 6.5), technical committee (see 6.5.1), sub-technical committee (see 6.5.2), working group (see 6.5.3), classification standard (see 7.4), guide standard (see 7.8), drafting (see 11.4), compilation (see 11.5), formulation (see 11.6), degree of consistency (see 12.1.1), equivalence (see 12.1.1.1), modification (see 12.1.1.2), non-equivalence (see 12.1.1.3), to meet the needs of standardization work communication;
--- The title of Chapter 11 of ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004, "Various references to standards in laws and regulations" is revised to "references to standards in normative documents", and the "laws and regulations" in the definitions of "reference to standards" (see 13.1.1), "date reference (to standards)" (see 13.2.1), and "undated reference (to standards)" (see 13.2.2) are revised to "normative documents" to expand the scope of application of the "date reference" and "undated reference" methods in reference to standards.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Principles and Methods of Standardization (SAC/TC286).
The drafting organizations of this part are: China National Institute of Standardization, Shenzhen Huachuang Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Metallurgical Industry Information Standards Research Institute, Nonferrous Metals Technology and Economic Research Institute, and China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute.
The main drafters of this part are: Pang Zhenghu, Bai Dianyi, Wu Xuejing, Wang Yiyi, Zhang Yuchun, Zhu Yuhua, Xue Haining, Liu Shenzhai, Lu Xilin, Zhu Ping. The
previous versions of the standards replaced by this part are:
———GB/T3935.1—1983, GB/T3935.1—1996;
———GB/T20000.1—2002.
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T27000 Conformity assessment vocabulary and general principles (GB/T27000—2006, ISO/IEC17000:2004, IDT)

ICS 01.120
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GH/T 20000.1—2014
Replaces GB/T20000.1·-2002
Guidelines for standardization-Part 1: Standardization and related activities-General vocabulary (ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004, Standardization and related activities--General vocabulary, MOD)
2014-12-31 Issued by
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Administration of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
2015-06-01 Implementation
1 Scope
2 Normative references
Standardization
Objective of standardization
Types of normative documents
Responsible bodies for standards and regulations
Types of standards
Harmonization of standards
Contents of normative documents
Structure of normative documents·
Formulation of normative documents·
Implementation of normative documents
References to standards in normative documents
Conformity assessment
GB/T 20000.1—2014
Appendix A (informative) Index of terms and definitions related to ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004 redefined and deleted by this part
GB/T 20000.1-2014
GB/T 20000 "Guidelines for Standardization", GB/T 1 Guidelines for Standardization, GB/T 20001 "Rules for Writing Standards", GB/T20002 "Drafting of Specific Content in Standards" and GB/T20003 "Special Procedures for Standardization" together constitute a series of basic national standards that support the formulation and revision of standards. GB/T20000 "Guidelines for Standardization" is proposed to be divided into the following parts: Part 1: General terms for standardization and related activities - Part 2: Adoption of international standards;
- Part 3: Reference documents;
- Part 4: General principles for English translation of national standards; Part 5: General expressions for English translation of national standards; Part 6: Code of good practice for standardization; Part 7: Demonstration and formulation of management system standards; - Part 8: Principles and guidelines for the use of stage code systems, Part 9: Adoption of other international standardization documents. This part is the first part of GB/T20000. This part was drafted according to the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This part replaces GB/T20000.1-2002 Guide to Standardization Work Part 1: Common Vocabulary for Standardization and Related Activities. Compared with GB/T20000.1-2002, the main technical changes are as follows: 5 terms are redefined, namely: standardization (see 3.1), standard (see 5.3), procedure (see 5.6), terminology standard (see 7.2), test standard (see 7.5), and the "adoption of international standards" is changed to "adoption of normative documents", and the definition is modified (see 12.1); 16 terms and their definitions are added, namely: standardization documents (see 5.2), industry standards (see 5.3.4), enterprise standards (see 5.3.6), standardization technical organizations (see 6.5), technical committee (see 6.5.1), sub-technical committee (see 6.5.2), T. working group (see 6.5.3), classification standard (see 7.4), guide standard (see 7.8), drafting (see 11.4), compilation (see 11.5), formulation (see 11.6), degree of consistency (see 12.1.1), equivalent (see 12.1.1.1), modification (see 12.1, 1.2), non-equivalent (see 12.1.1.3); - According to IS0/IEC Guide 2: 2004, some terms have been modified as follows: "Standard" The “object of standardization” is changed to “object of standardization”, see 3.2; * “authority” is changed to “authority”, see 6.6; “expediency clause” is changed to “deemed conformity clause”, see 5.7.1, 9.6, 13.3, 2; “reprint” is changed to “reprint version”, see 11.11; — According to ISO/IEC Guide 2:2001, some definitions are modified as follows: ● “Preparation” is uniformly translated as “compilation” in the text, see Chapter 11; the modifications of some other definitions of terms are shown in 3.7, 4, 5.1, 5. 4, 5.5, 8.1, 8.8, 8.9, 9.5, 9.5.1.9.5.2, 11.1, 11, 7, 11.8;
The terms and definitions related to the adoption of standards are adjusted to the adoption of normative documents, see 12.1; some terms and definitions related to regulatory reference standards are adjusted to normative document reference standards, see Chapter 13;--The terms and definitions related to conformity assessment in GB/T20000.1-2002 are deleted, and GB/T27000 "Conformity Assessment Vocabulary and General Principles" is added, see Chapter 14. This part uses the redrafting method to modify the adoption of ISO/IEC Guide 22004 "Common Vocabulary for Standardization and Related Activities". This part has structural changes compared with ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004. According to the rules of GB/T1.1-2009, the unnumbered "normative references" in ISO/IEC Guide GB/T20000.1-2014:2001 are compiled as Chapter 1; the unnumbered "normative references" are compiled as Chapter 2. Therefore, the chapter numbers of other chapters and terminology items in this part are relative to the chapter numbers of ISO/IFC Guide 2:2004 plus "2"; the numbering of terminology items in some chapters is re-shortened in sequence due to the addition of some new terminology items. The numbering of other terminology items corresponds to the numbering of terminology items in ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004. Compared with ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004, this part has the following technical differences: 1. Five terms are redefined, namely: standardization (see 3.1), standard (see 5.3), procedure (see 5.6), term standard (see 7.2), test standard (see 7.5) to improve the definition of these concepts; at the same time, "adoption of international standards" was changed to "adoption of normative documents" and the definition was modified (see 12.1) to expand the scope of application of "adoption"; 11.4 term "mandatory standard" in IS0/IEC Guide 2:2004 was deleted, and its definition is not suitable for the meaning of the term commonly used in my country; Appendix A lists the relevant terms and definitions of IS0/IEC Guide 2:2004 that have been redefined and deleted in this part, so as to align the relevant terms and definitions of this part with the relevant terms and definitions in IS0/IEC Guide 2:2001 Definition comparison: 16 terms and their definitions are added, namely: standardization documents (see 5.2), industry standards (see 5.3.4), enterprise standards (see 5.3.6), standardization technical organizations (see 6.5), technical committees (see 6.5.1), sub-technical committees (see 6.5.2), working groups (see 6.5.3), classification standards (see 7.4), guide standards (see 7.8), drafting (see 11.4), compilation (see 11.5), formulation (see 11.6), consistency (see 12.1.1), equivalence (see 12.1.1.1), modification (see 12.1.1.2) ), non-equivalent (12.1.1.3), to meet the needs of standardization work communication;
- The title of Chapter 11 of IS0/1EC Guide 2:2004 >9 various references to standards in regulations>900 is changed to >900 references to standards in normative documents>900, and the >900 references to standards\ ... The main drafters of this part are Feng Zhenghu, Kou Dianyi, Wu Xuejing, Wang Yiyi, Zhang Ningchun, Zhu Yuhua, Xue Haining, Liu Shenzhai, Lu Lin and Zhu Ping.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this part are: GB/T 3935.1—1983, GB/T 3935.1- 1996, --GB/T20000.1--2002.
GB/T 20000.1—2014
The purpose of formulating this part of GB/T20000 is to promote mutual understanding between organizations and personnel engaged in standardization. This part does not repeat the definitions of terms defined from a general perspective in other authoritative technical dictionaries. Terms that express specific concepts can usually be combined with terms that express general concepts. Therefore, the latter type of terms form "building blocks". This part adopts this method to select terms and abbreviate definitions. In this way, additional terms can be easily constructed according to the framework of this part. For example, a safety standard may be defined as "a state free from unacceptable risk of harm (see 4, 5 for the definition of safety standards"
When terms that have been defined in this part appear for the first time in other definitions and notes, these terms are printed in bold. The notes to some definitions provide further explanations, interpretations or examples to help a clear understanding of the concepts referred to. 1 Scope
Guidelines for standardization work
GB/T 20000.1—2014
Part 1: General terms for standardization and related activities This part of GB/T20000 defines the general terms and definitions for standardization and related activities. This part applies to standardization and other related fields. This part can also provide a corresponding basis for basic theoretical research and teaching practice such as standardization.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any referenced document with a date, only the version with the date applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T27000 Vocabulary and General Principles for Conformity Assessment (GB/ T27000—2006, ISO/IEC17000:2004, IDT) 3 Standardization
Standardization standardizatiun
In order to achieve the best order within a given scope and promote common benefits, it is an activity to establish common and reusable clauses for real or potential problems and to compile, publish and apply documents. Note 1: The clauses established by standardization activities can form standardized documents, including standards and other standardized documents. Note 2: The main benefit of standardization is to improve the applicability of products, processes or services for their intended purposes, and to promote trade, communication and technical cooperation. 3.2
Subject of standardization Standardization Subject to be standardized.
Note 1: The expression "product, process or service" used in this part, although in a broad sense, should be understood equally to include materials, components, equipment, systems, interfaces, protocols, procedures, functions, methods or activities. Note 2: Standardization can be limited to specific aspects of any object, for example, the size and durability of a product can be standardized separately. 3.3
Field of standardization Group of related standardization objects.
Note: For example, engineering, transportation, agriculture, transportation and industry can all be considered as fields of standardization. 3.4
State of the art
The height of the corresponding technical capability of a product, process or service that is the result of the comprehensive results of relevant science, technology and experience in a certain period of time.
Recognized technical rules acknowledged Tule of techunology Technical terms recognized by most representative experts that reflect the state of the art. Note: If the normative documents for technical objects are prepared by the stakeholders through consultation and consensus procedures, they are regarded as recognized technical rules at the time of approval.
GB/T 20000.t-2014
Level of standardization The scope of the geographical, political or economic area involved in standardization. Note: Standardization can be carried out at the global, regional or national level, within a region of a country, at the government department, industry association or enterprise level, and even at different levels such as the internal consultation and business office of the enterprise. 3.6.1
International standardization International standardization Standardization in which relevant agencies of all countries participate: 3.6.2
Regional standardization Standardization in which relevant agencies of countries within a certain geographical, political or economic region of the world participate only. 3.6.3
National standardization
National standardization
Standardization carried out at the national level.
provincial standardization
local standardization
Standardization at a regional level in a country. 3.7
coosensus
general agreement, i.e., no objection among the major stakeholders on the substantive issues, and that the views of all parties concerned have been considered and all disputes have been resolved in accordance with the procedures. Note: Coosensus does not necessarily mean unanimous agreement. 4 Purpose of standardization
Note: The general purpose of standardization is based on the definition in 3.1. Standardization may have one or more specific purposes, to make a product, process or service fit for its intended use. These purposes may include, but are not limited to, variety control, availability, compatibility, interchangeability, health, safety, environmental protection, product protection, mutual understanding, economic performance, trade. These purposes may overlap. 4.1
Fitness of purpose
The ability of a product, process or service to be fit for a specified purpose under specific conditions. 4.2
Compatibility
The ability of a number of products, processes or services to meet their respective requirements when used together under specific conditions without causing unacceptable mutual interference.
Interchangeability
Interchangeability
The ability of a product, process or service to replace another product, process or service and meet the same requirements. Note: Interchangeability in terms of function is called "functional interchangeability", interchangeability in terms of dimensions is called "dimensional interchangeability", 4.4
Variety control
The optimal choice of specifications or types of products, processes and services in order to meet the dominant requirements. 2
Safety
The state of being free from unacceptable risk of injury. GB/T 20000.1—2014
Note: When standardization considers the safety of products, processes or services, it is usually to "obtain the best balance of several factors, including non-technical factors such as human behavior, and eliminate the avoidable risks of harm to people and things to an acceptable level. Environmental protection protection of environment protects the environment from unacceptable damage caused by the use of products, the operation of processes or the provision of services. Product protection product protection
Protects products from damage caused by climate or other adverse conditions during use, transportation or storage. 5 Types of normative documents
Normative document normative document Documents that provide rules, guidelines or characteristics for various activities or their results. Note 1: "Normative document" is a general term for documents such as standards, specifications, procedures and regulations. Note 2: "Document\ can be understood as various media that record information. 5.2
Standardizing document
standardizingdocumentenbzxZ.net
Documents developed through the standardization cycle.
Note: "Standardization documents\ are a general term for documents such as standards, technical specifications, publicly available specifications, technical reports, etc. 5.3
Standard
A document developed through standardization activities in accordance with prescribed procedures and by consensus, which provides rules, guidelines or characteristics for various activities or their results for common use and reuse.
Note 1: Standards should be based on the comprehensive results of science, technology and experience. Method 2: The prescribed procedure refers to the standard development order issued by the standard-setting body. Note 3: Such as international standards, regional standards, national standards, etc., because they are publicly available and can be kept abreast of the new technological level through correction or revision when necessary, they are considered to constitute recognized technical rules. Standards adopted at other levels, such as professional association (academy) standards, enterprise standards, etc., can affect several countries geographically. 5.3.1
International standard
international standard
Standards adopted and publicly published by the International Organization for Standardization or the International Organization for Standardization. 5.3.2
reglonal standard
regional standard
standard adopted and publicly released by a regional standardization organization or regional standardization organization. 5.3.3
national standardnational standard
standard adopted and publicly released by a national standardization organization. 5.3.4
industry standard
industry standard
standard adopted and publicly released by an industry organization. 3
GB/T 20000.1—2014
provincial standard
standard adopted and publicly released in a certain region of the country. 5.3.6
company standard
standard adopted by an enterprise for use by the enterprise. 5.4
prestandard
trial standard
temporary document adopted and publicly released by a standardization body, with the purpose of obtaining the necessary experience from its application and then establishing a formal standard.
specification
document that specifies the technical requirements to be met by a product, process or service. NOTE 1: Where appropriate, the specification should indicate the procedures by which it can be determined whether the requirements are met. NOTE 2: A specification can be a standard, a part of a standard or other standardized documents other than a standard: 5.6
code of practice
document that recommends good practices or procedures for the relevant stages of the life cycle of a product, process or service. NOTE: A code can be a standard, a part of a standard or other standardized documents other than a standard. 5.7
regulation
legal document adopted by an authority with binding force. 5.7.1
Technical regulation technical regulation Regulation that specifies technical requirements, either directly or by reference to standards, specifications or procedures, or by incorporating the contents of standards, specifications or procedures into the regulation. Note: Technical regulations may be accompanied by technical guidance, listing certain ways to comply with regulatory requirements, i.e., compliance clauses. 6 Responsible body for standards and regulations
Body
(responsible for standards and regulations) Legal or administrative entity with specific tasks and composition. Note: Such as organizations, authorities, companies and foundations. 6.2
Organization organization
Organization composed of other institutions or individuals as members, with established charters and its own management department. 6.3
Standardizing body Standardizing body Recognized body engaged in standardization activities. 6.3.1
Regional standardizing organization Regional standardizing organization
Standardizing organization whose membership is open only to relevant national institutions of countries within a certain geographical, political or economic region. 4
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