Some standard content:
ICS.07.040
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T33661-—2017
Calculation and promulgation of the Chinese calendar2017-05-12 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaStandardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
2017-09-01 Implementation
Normative references
Terms and definitions
Rules for the compilation of the lunar calendar
Calculation model and accuracy of the lunar calendar
6 Representation of the lunar calendar
7 Requirements for the issuance of the lunar calendar
Appendix A (Normative Appendix)
Appendix B (Informative Appendix)
Twenty-four solar terms
Important lunar calendar dates
Appendix C (Normative Appendix) Sixty-year cycleAppendix D (Informative Appendix)
Examples of the representation of lunar calendar dates
GB/T33661—2017
HiiKAoNni KAca
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This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. This standard was proposed and managed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The drafting unit of this standard is the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The main drafters of this standard are Cheng Zhuo, Fu Yanning, Xia Fang and Ren Shulin. GB/T33661—2017
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GB/T33661—2017
The lunar calendar is the crystallization of the traditional Chinese calendar and has a deep Chinese cultural origin. It is not only one of the calendars officially used in my country, but also widely used by overseas Chinese. Therefore, the lunar calendar has irreplaceable and important significance in inheriting Chinese culture and maintaining the Chinese world. At the same time, as a special lunisolar calendar, the lunar calendar can reflect the characteristics of seasons, farming time and phenology, as well as natural phenomena such as the change of moon phases and the size of tides, which makes it have a wide range of practical value in daily life, agricultural production, fishery production, flood prevention and control, and navigation practice. The basis for the compilation of the lunar calendar is the predicted position of the sun and the moon and certain date arrangement rules. Therefore, the difference in the accuracy of the sun and moon position forecast and the difference in the date arrangement rules will directly affect the arrangement results of the lunar calendar dates. The lack of the lunar calendar issuance standard will lead to the public issuance of non-standard lunar calendars, which will bring confusion to the use. In order to ensure the accuracy and authority of the lunar calendar, and effectively maintain the unity and seriousness of the lunar calendar as a national calendar, it is necessary to standardize the compilation and issuance of the lunar calendar and formulate national standards. IV
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1 Scope
Compilation and issuance of the lunar calendar
This standard specifies the arrangement rules, calculation model and accuracy, representation method and issuance requirements of the lunar calendar. This standard applies to the compilation and promulgation of the lunar calendar. 2 Normative references
GB/T33661—2017
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. International Earth Rotation and Reference System Service Specifications (IERS Conventions) 1) 3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1
celestial sphere
An imaginary spherical surface introduced in astronomy with a selected point as the center and an arbitrary length as the radius, used to mark and measure the position and motion of celestial bodies.
eclipticpole
The intersection of the celestial sphere and the line parallel to the mean orbital angular momentum vector of the Earth-Moon mass center in the celestial reference system of the solar system mass center.
ecliptic
A great circle on the celestial sphere with the ecliptic pole as its pole.
Ecliptic longitude circle
longitude circle
Any great circle on the celestial sphere that passes through the ecliptic pole.
True celestial pole
true pole
The reference pole for calculating precession and nutation in the precession and nutation model specified by the International Astronomical Union, also known as the intermediate pole of the celestial sphere. 3.6
True equator
true equator
A great circle on the celestial sphere with the true celestial pole as its pole.
True equinox
true equinox
The ascending node of the ecliptic opposite the true equator.
1) Available from: (http://iers.org/IERS/EN/DataProducts/Conventions/conventions.html>. 1
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Apparent geocentric ecliptic longitudeThe angular distance from the true vernal equinox along the ecliptic eastward to the ecliptic circle passing through a point on the geocentric celestial sphere, where the geocentric celestial sphere is the celestial sphere centered at the center of the earth.
Newmoon
The moment when the geocentric ecliptic longitudes of the Moon and the Sun are equal.3.10
Fullmoon
The moment when the geocentric ecliptic longitudes of the Moon and the Sun differ by 180°.3.11
Synodic month
synodic month
The time interval between two consecutive lunar new moons. During this time interval, the lunar phase undergoes a complete evolution cycle from new moon to the next new moon. 3.12
tropical year
The time interval for the solar geocentric ecliptic longitude to change 360°. During this time interval, the earth experiences a complete cycle of seasonal changes. 3.13
twenty-four solar termstwenty-four solar termsThe collective name of the 24 moments in a tropical year when the solar geocentric ecliptic longitude is an integer multiple of 15°. Each moment is called a solar term, and its name and corresponding solar geocentric ecliptic longitude are shown in Appendix A. 3.14
mid-term
The solar terms with odd numbers in the twenty-four solar terms starting from the winter solstice, namely: winter solstice, great cold, rain water, spring equinox, grain rain, grain fullness, summer solstice, great heat, end of heat, autumnal equinox, frost descent, light snow.
Chinese Calendar
The current traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar arranges dates based on accurate predictions of the positions of the sun and moon and agreed date arrangement rules, and uses traditional naming methods to express dates.
Beijing Time
Beijing Standard Time
The standard time adopted by the People's Republic of China, i.e., 120° east longitude standard time. 3.17
Chinesecalendarday
Lunar calendar
The time interval measured from 0:00 Beijing time to 24:00 Beijing time. 3.18
new moon day
Lunar calendar day including the new moon.
Chinesecalendarmonth
Lunar calendar month
The time interval of 29 or 30 lunar calendar days determined according to the lunar calendar arrangement rules. The new moon day is taken as the first lunar day of the lunar month.
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Lunar calendar leap monthChinese calendar leapmonthThe lunar month determined according to the lunar calendar rules. 3.21
Chinese calendar year
GB/T33661—2017
The time interval determined according to the lunar calendar rules and containing 12 or 13 lunar months. The second lunar month after the lunar month in which the winter solstice occurs (excluding leap months) is the first lunar month of the lunar year. 3.22
the first month of Chinese calendarThe first lunar month of the lunar year.
Chinese calendar common year
Chinese calendar common yearA lunar year that does not contain a leap month. A lunar year contains 12 lunar months. 3.24
Chinese calendar leapyearA lunar year that contains a leap month. A lunar year contains 13 lunar months. 3.25
Lunar calendar date
Chinese calendar date
The identification of a specific lunar calendar day, which is composed of the lunar year, lunar month and lunar day. Note: For the lunar calendar dates of traditional festivals and important festivals, please refer to Appendix B. 3.26
celestial stem
A traditional Chinese character sequence symbol, with a total of 10 characters, Jia, Yi, Bing, Ding, Wu, Ji, Geng, Xin, Ren, Gui, used in a cycle. 3.27
terrestrial branch
A traditional Chinese character sequence symbol, with a total of 12 characters: Zi, Chou, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu, Hai, used in a cycle. 3.28
Chinese zodiac
The names of the 12 animals corresponding to the 12 earthly branches: rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, goat, monkey, chicken, dog, pig, usually used to record years. 3.29
sexagesimal cycle
sexagesimal cycle
In ancient China, the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches were paired with one character each in sequence to form a pair of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches, forming a new system of sequential symbols consisting of 60 pairs of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches, which were used in a cycle and usually used to record years and days. The order of the names of the 60 Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches is shown in Appendix C4 Rules for the arrangement of the lunar calendar
4.1 Beijing time is the standard time.
4.2 The first lunar day of the lunar month is the first lunar day. 4.3 The lunar month that includes the solar term Winter Solstice is the eleventh lunar month. 4.4 If there are 13 lunar months between the eleventh month of a certain lunar calendar and the eleventh month of the next lunar calendar (not included), a leap month is required. The rule for leap month is: take the first lunar month that does not contain a solar term as the national lunar month. 4.5 The second lunar month after the eleventh month of the lunar calendar (excluding leap months) is the starting month of the lunar year. 3
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5 Calculation model and accuracy of the lunar calendar
5.1 The positions of the sun and the moon are calculated according to the model specified in the International Earth Rotation and Reference System Service specifications. 5.2 The calculation accuracy of Beijing time for the new moon and solar terms should reach 1s, excluding leap seconds that have not been officially released at the time of compilation. Representation of the Lunar Calendar
6.1 Naming of Lunar Years
6.1.1 Thousand-branch Calendar
Name the sixty-year zodiac signs in order, starting with Jiazi, Yichou, and Guihai, with a sixty-year cycle, repeating over and over again. Reference time for the cycle of the Thousand-branch Calendar: The lunar year corresponding to 0:00 on February 2, 1984, to 24:00 on February 19, 1985, Beijing time, is the Jiazi year.
6.1.2 Zodiac Calendar
Name the twelve zodiac signs in order, starting with the Year of the Rat, the Year of the Ox, and the Year of the Pig, with a twelve-year cycle, repeating over and over again. Reference time for the cycle of the Zodiac Calendar: The lunar year corresponding to the reference time for the cycle of the zodiac calendar in 6.1.1 is the Year of the Rat. 6.2 Naming of Lunar Months
Named in accordance with the numerical order, that is, except for the leap month, the lunar months are named in the order of their occurrence in the lunar year as follows: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December. The leap month is named by adding the character "Min" before the name of the previous lunar month. 6.3 Naming of Lunar Days
6.3.1 Numerical Order of Days
According to the order of the lunar month to which they belong, the 1st to the 10th days are named in Chinese characters as Chuyi, Chuerer...Chushi, the 11th to the 20th days are named as Shiyi, Shier***Twenty, the 21st to the 29th days are named as Eryi, Erer*, and Ershijiu, or simply as Eryi, Ererer...Erjiu, and the 30th day is named as Shishi. 6.3.2 Thousand-branch calendar
Use sixty thousand-branch calendars in order to name the day, starting from Jiazi Day, Yichou Day, ... to Guihai Day, sixty days in a cycle, repeating over and over again. The reference time for the cycle of the thousand-branch calendar: the lunar day corresponding to October 1, 1949, Beijing time, is Jiazi Day. 6.4 Method of expressing the lunar calendar date
Use "Lunar Calendar", the name of the lunar year, the name of the lunar month, and the name of the lunar day to express it. In order to clarify the zodiac week of the lunar year in which the lunar calendar date falls, the Gregorian year in which the first year of the lunar year falls can be marked before the lunar calendar date. For examples of the method of expressing the lunar calendar date, see Appendix D. 7 Requirements for the issuance of the lunar calendar
7.1 The publicly issued lunar calendar should indicate the source of the data. 7.2 The publicly issued lunar calendar should include the comparison of the lunar calendar and the Gregorian calendar dates and the twenty-four solar terms. 7.3 The publicly issued lunar calendar should comply with the arrangement rules, calculation model and accuracy, and expression method specified in this standard. 4
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Twenty-four Solar Terms
Table A.1 gives the names of the twenty-four solar terms starting from the winter solstice and the corresponding solar geocentric ecliptic longitudeTable A.1 Names of the twenty-four solar terms and the corresponding solar geocentric ecliptic longitudeSerial numbers
GB/T33661—2017
Solar geocentric ecliptic longitude/()
GB/T33661—2017
(Informative Appendix)
Important Lunar Calendar Dates
Table B.1 gives the lunar calendar dates of traditional festivals and important festivals. Table B.1
Lantern Festival
Dragon Head Festival
Shangyi Festival
Qingming Festival
Dragon Boat Festival
Qixi Festival
Zhongyuan Festival
Mid-Autumn Festival
Double Ninth Festival
Winter Solstice Festival
Laba Festival
Winter Solstice Nine Days
The first day of the first lunar month
The fifteenth day of the first lunar month
The second day of the second lunar month
The third lunar month The third day of the first lunar month
Lunar calendar day including the solar term Qingming
Lunar calendar day of the fifth lunar month
Lunar calendar day of the seventh lunar month
Lunar calendar day of the eighth lunar month
Lunar calendar day of the ninth lunar month
Lunar calendar day including the solar term winter solstice
Lunar calendar day of the twelfth lunar month
The last lunar calendar day of the lunar year
Important lunar calendar date
Reflects the festival season of the cold winter season. Starting from the winter solstice, every 9 days is a nine, the first 9 days is the first nine, the second 9 days is the second nine, and so on, the ninth nine days is the nine nine, a total of 81 days Note: Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival are now legal holidays in China. 61. Thousand-branch calendar
Use the sixty Chinese zodiac signs in order, starting from Jiazi, Yichou, to Guihai, with a cycle of sixty years, repeating over and over again. The reference time for the cycle of the thousand-branch calendar: The lunar year corresponding to 0:00 on February 2, 1984, to 24:00 on February 19, 1985, Beijing time, is the Jiazi year.
6.1.2. Zodiac calendar
Use the twelve Chinese zodiac signs in order, starting from the Year of the Rat, the Year of the Ox, to the Year of the Pig, with a cycle of twelve years, repeating over and over again. The reference time for the cycle of the zodiac calendar: The lunar year corresponding to the reference time for the cycle of the Chinese zodiac calendar in 6.1.1 is the Year of the Rat. 6.2 Naming of Lunar Months
Named in accordance with the numerical order, that is, except for the leap month, the lunar months are named in the order of their occurrence in the lunar year as follows: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December. The leap month is named by adding the character "Min" before the name of the previous lunar month. 6.3 Naming of Lunar Days
6.3.1 Numerical Order of Days
According to the order of the lunar month to which they belong, the 1st to the 10th days are named in Chinese characters as Chuyi, Chuerer...Chushi, the 11th to the 20th days are named as Shiyi, Shier***Twenty, the 21st to the 29th days are named as Eryi, Erer*, and Ershijiu, or simply as Eryi, Ererer...Erjiu, and the 30th day is named as Shishi. 6.3.2 Thousand-branch calendar
Use sixty thousand-branch calendars in order to name the day, starting from Jiazi Day, Yichou Day, ... to Guihai Day, sixty days in a cycle, repeating over and over again. The reference time for the cycle of the thousand-branch calendar: the lunar day corresponding to October 1, 1949, Beijing time, is Jiazi Day. 6.4 Method of expressing the lunar calendar date
Use "Lunar Calendar", the name of the lunar year, the name of the lunar month, and the name of the lunar day to express it. In order to clarify the zodiac week of the lunar year in which the lunar calendar date falls, the Gregorian year in which the first year of the lunar year falls can be marked before the lunar calendar date. For examples of the method of expressing the lunar calendar date, see Appendix D. 7 Requirements for the issuance of the lunar calendar
7.1 The publicly issued lunar calendar should indicate the source of the data. 7.2 The publicly issued lunar calendar should include the comparison of the lunar calendar and the Gregorian calendar dates and the twenty-four solar terms. 7.3 The publicly issued lunar calendar should comply with the arrangement rules, calculation model and accuracy, and expression method specified in this standard. 4
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Twenty-four Solar Terms
Table A.1 gives the names of the twenty-four solar terms starting from the winter solstice and the corresponding solar geocentric ecliptic longitudeTable A.1 Names of the twenty-four solar terms and the corresponding solar geocentric ecliptic longitudeSerial numbers
GB/T33661—2017
Solar geocentric ecliptic longitude/()
GB/T33661—2017
(Informative Appendix)
Important Lunar Calendar Dates
Table B.1 gives the lunar calendar dates of traditional festivals and important festivals. Table B.1
Lantern Festival
Dragon Head FestivalwwW.bzxz.Net
Shangyi Festival
Qingming Festival
Dragon Boat Festival
Qixi Festival
Zhongyuan Festival
Mid-Autumn Festival
Double Ninth Festival
Winter Solstice Festival
Laba Festival
Winter Solstice Nine Days
The first day of the first lunar month
The fifteenth day of the first lunar month
The second day of the second lunar month
The third lunar month The third day of the first lunar month
Lunar calendar day including the solar term Qingming
Lunar calendar day of the fifth lunar month
Lunar calendar day of the seventh lunar month
Lunar calendar day of the eighth lunar month
Lunar calendar day of the ninth lunar month
Lunar calendar day including the solar term winter solstice
Lunar calendar day of the twelfth lunar month
The last lunar calendar day of the lunar year
Important lunar calendar date
Reflects the festival season of the cold winter season. Starting from the winter solstice, every 9 days is a nine, the first 9 days is the first nine, the second 9 days is the second nine, and so on, the ninth nine days is the nine nine, a total of 81 days Note: Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival are now legal holidays in China. 61. Thousand-branch calendar
Use the sixty Chinese zodiac signs in order, starting from Jiazi, Yichou, to Guihai, with a cycle of sixty years, repeating over and over again. The reference time for the cycle of the thousand-branch calendar: The lunar year corresponding to 0:00 on February 2, 1984, to 24:00 on February 19, 1985, Beijing time, is the Jiazi year.
6.1.2. Zodiac calendar
Use the twelve Chinese zodiac signs in order, starting from the Year of the Rat, the Year of the Ox, to the Year of the Pig, with a cycle of twelve years, repeating over and over again. The reference time for the cycle of the zodiac calendar: The lunar year corresponding to the reference time for the cycle of the Chinese zodiac calendar in 6.1.1 is the Year of the Rat. 6.2 Naming of Lunar Months
Named in accordance with the numerical order, that is, except for the leap month, the lunar months are named in the order of their occurrence in the lunar year as follows: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December. The leap month is named by adding the character "Min" before the name of the previous lunar month. 6.3 Naming of Lunar Days
6.3.1 Numerical Order of Days
According to the order of the lunar month to which they belong, the 1st to the 10th days are named in Chinese characters as Chuyi, Chuerer...Chushi, the 11th to the 20th days are named as Shiyi, Shier***Twenty, the 21st to the 29th days are named as Eryi, Erer*, and Ershijiu, or simply as Eryi, Ererer...Erjiu, and the 30th day is named as Shishi. 6.3.2 Thousand-branch calendar
Use sixty thousand-branch calendars in order to name the day, starting from Jiazi Day, Yichou Day, ... to Guihai Day, sixty days in a cycle, repeating over and over again. The reference time for the cycle of the thousand-branch calendar: the lunar day corresponding to October 1, 1949, Beijing time, is Jiazi Day. 6.4 Method of expressing the lunar calendar date
Use "Lunar Calendar", the name of the lunar year, the name of the lunar month, and the name of the lunar day to express it. In order to clarify the zodiac week of the lunar year in which the lunar calendar date falls, the Gregorian year in which the first year of the lunar year falls can be marked before the lunar calendar date. For examples of the method of expressing the lunar calendar date, see Appendix D. 7 Requirements for the issuance of the lunar calendar
7.1 The publicly issued lunar calendar should indicate the source of the data. 7.2 The publicly issued lunar calendar should include the comparison of the lunar calendar and the Gregorian calendar dates and the twenty-four solar terms. 7.3 The publicly issued lunar calendar should comply with the arrangement rules, calculation model and accuracy, and expression method specified in this standard. 4
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Twenty-four Solar Terms
Table A.1 gives the names of the twenty-four solar terms starting from the winter solstice and the corresponding solar geocentric ecliptic longitudeTable A.1 Names of the twenty-four solar terms and the corresponding solar geocentric ecliptic longitudeSerial numbers
GB/T33661—2017
Solar geocentric ecliptic longitude/()
GB/T33661—2017
(Informative Appendix)
Important Lunar Calendar Dates
Table B.1 gives the lunar calendar dates of traditional festivals and important festivals. Table B.1
Lantern Festival
Dragon Head Festival
Shangyi Festival
Qingming Festival
Dragon Boat Festival
Qixi Festival
Zhongyuan Festival
Mid-Autumn Festival
Double Ninth Festival
Winter Solstice Festival
Laba Festival
Winter Solstice Nine Days
The first day of the first lunar month
The fifteenth day of the first lunar month
The second day of the second lunar month
The third lunar month The third day of the first lunar month
Lunar calendar day including the solar term Qingming
Lunar calendar day of the fifth lunar month
Lunar calendar day of the seventh lunar month
Lunar calendar day of the eighth lunar month
Lunar calendar day of the ninth lunar month
Lunar calendar day including the solar term winter solstice
Lunar calendar day of the twelfth lunar month
The last lunar calendar day of the lunar year
Important lunar calendar date
Reflects the festival season of the cold winter season. Starting from the winter solstice, every 9 days is a nine, the first 9 days is the first nine, the second 9 days is the second nine, and so on, the ninth nine days is the nine nine, a total of 81 days Note: Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival are now legal holidays in China. 6
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