Some standard content:
Ics53. 100
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 9140—1996
Hydraulic excavators
Structure and performance
Hydraulic excavalors---Construclion and performance199612:18 Release
National Technical Supervision
1997-08-01 Implementation
GB/T9140-1996
This standard is based on J15A8401-1988 single-bull excavator, and the performance> before the GE9140-53 was tested, J15A8401-1988 is an advanced standard for guiding the design and manufacture of hydraulic excavators, aimed at improving the development of my country's excavator industry, and therefore all the technical contents of [A6401-1988 related to hydraulic excavators are equivalently adopted. All the contents of the machine are registered.
The applicable scope of this standard is the same as that of JISA8401-1S83. According to (iB9139.188, my country's standard pressure excavator is classified according to the card parameter tower crane quality basis JSA841-18 according to the nominal bucket load station, and then the corresponding, for example, the standard excavator of 31 years of total machine quantity corresponds to [SA8401-1 for 4 capacity 0.2m wave pressure control, and so on. The technical content of this standard has changed from the previous version of the standard as follows: (1) This standard adds "other specifications of low-pressure excavators for reference implementation" in Chapter 1, expanding the applicable scope of the standard. (2) This standard is based on the performance requirements of micro-pressure control cabinets in JTSA84411986, and adds the provisions for the engine specific power of the most widely used positive excavator (see Table 1) and the working size of the reverse working device (see Table 3) and the working size of the shovel (see Table 4) . (3) With the development of various working devices, the domestic demand for standard shovel working equipment has increased year by year. This standard has increased by %. The content of the shovel working device has also increased the size of the batch shovel operation (see Table 5). (4) In 3.1.3.1, the pressure pump has been added according to the national conditions. () In 5.4.3.3, the driver's room shall be equipped with ventilation, case lighting or other equipment according to the environmental system. The peak is changed to the installation according to the station use requirements.
This standard is proposed by the People's Republic of China. This standard adds the standard technology unit of the Ministry of Construction of Beijing Construction Machinery Comprehensive Research Institute! The origin of this standard is the Ministry of Machinery Industry Dalu Engineering Machinery Research Institute. The main organizer of this standard is Song Jinsheng.
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Hydraulic excavators, structure and performance
Hydraulic excavatorsCurstrrcllor and This standard specifies the auxiliary structure and performance of the rotary device, chassis, working device and the whole machine of the pressure excavator. GR/T9140-1996
Replaces GR314088
This standard is applicable to pressure excavators with a total mass of 6.3~63t. Other specifications of pressure excavators can also refer to this standard. 2 References
The texts contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through the exclusive reference in this standard. This standard At the time of publication, the version shown is valid. All standards will be revised and the parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards: GB516-89 Truck tires
GB?19081 Engineering machinery tires
C6572.1-86 Anti-grip machine terminology Decompression type GB/T7585--1S96 Hydraulic excavator test method G19-8? Earth-moving machinery seat vibration test method and limit value H9139. 1-·BB pressure excavator classification
GB10676-89 hydraulic excavator driver beam longitudinal cover GB/T147R1-93 + square machine fast wheel machinery steering energy small JG/T5038.1-93 filter Le excavator backhoe bucket base calibration JG/T503%2-1995 hydraulic excavator front bucket passenger plate calibration JG5n4-93 filter pressure reverse according to the machine brake energy requirements and test methods JG5056-1995 hydraulic excavator stability safety technology requirements J 2300-84 Slewing bearing type, basic requirements and technical requirements JB3774.1-: Noise limit for construction machinery J3826-84 Performance test of diesel engine for construction machinery J36.1-91 Single-row ball slewing bearing for construction machinery 3 Requirements
3.1 Slewing device
The slewing device includes the engine buckle, pressure chain, slewing mechanism, slewing bearing, electrical installation room, auxiliary devices, etc. on which the turntable is installed. The slewing device does not include the working device. 3.1.1 The turntable
is the basic part of the slewing device and should have sufficient strength, elasticity and impact resistance. 3.1.2 The engine
must have the functions required for the excavator to dig, travel and other actions. National Control Technology Supervision Approved on December 18, 1996, implemented on August 1, 1997
3-1.2.1 Main performance of engine
GBT 9140
The engine shall be tested in accordance with the provisions of [H3826. 3.1.2.2 Engine power
The power of the engine used for the excavator shall not be less than that specified in Table 1. Table 1
Complete machine weight
3.1.2.3 Fuel tank capacity
Engine power
The fuel tank capacity should be able to accommodate the fuel for the excavator to work continuously for more than 100,000 kilometers. 3.1. 3 Hydraulic system
The hydraulic system is a device that transmits the kinetic energy generated by the engine through a transmitter or directly to the pressure relief system. The hydraulic oil in this system is sent to the roller or motor through an operating lever to restore the working device. The pressure relief system includes hydraulic pump, operating cylinder, diaphragm, hydraulic oil receiver, pressure relief tank, pressure relief motor, hydraulic pump, pipeline, etc. The hydraulic components should be reasonably matched and the pressure loss in the hydraulic circuit should be reduced as much as possible. 3.1. 3.1 Pressure relief pump
The hydraulic pump can be a gear pump, vane pump, injection pump, etc. The pressure relief pump should be selected with the pressure that can withstand the impact load, high working efficiency, long service life and high efficiency.
3.1.3.2 The control valve
should have the characteristics of small pressure loss, smooth and light operation by hand or foot, and should be able to withstand impact load. 3.1.3.3 Flow valve
To prevent engine chain load and protect filter pressure components, the flow inlet must be set, and the magnetic flow valve should be adjusted appropriately and flexible.
3.1.3.4 Hydraulic oil filter
To protect hydraulic components, filters should be installed according to the support points of filter pressure pumps, hydraulic motors and other components. 3.1. 3.5 Hydraulic oil tank
The filter box oil should have sufficient flow and a liquid level gauge should be installed. 3.1.3.6 Drip oil cooler
To prevent the hydraulic oil temperature from reversing, a hydraulic cooler must be installed. 31.3.7 The hydraulic motor should be able to withstand the impact load, have a long service life and high efficiency. 3.1.3.8 Pressure pipes GB/T 914-1996 Pressure-reducing pipes (including pipe joints) should be able to withstand the impact loads generated during the controlled towing process. The pipes should use appropriate non-repellent steel according to the working pressure level. The pipes for retractable activities should use appropriate commercial rubber according to the pressure level. 3.1.4 Slewing mechanism The slewing mechanism is the part that enables the slewing device to turn right and left. It should have sufficient strength and high efficiency. It should have good slewing performance. 3.1.5 Slewing bearings The slewing bearings should comply with the provisions of 2300 or 36.1. 3.1.6 Operation equipment
The hand and foot plates of the operating device shall be set in the driver's cab on the side of the machine and other parts that are easy to operate. The operating force and direction of the hand and foot pedals shall comply with the provisions of GB10676.
3.1.7 Engine hood and engine room
The engine room is used to protect the engine and other rotating parts. The engine and the driver's cab shall meet the following requirements. 3.1.7.1 The engine and the engine room shall be connected in a single way, which is convenient for installation and disassembly. 3.1.7.2 The engine room shall be open and the glass shall be bright. Tempered or laminated glass shall be used. The engine room shall have good sound and noise prevention measures.
3.1.7.3 The doors and windows of the engine room shall be open and sealed well, and can be locked when closed. 3.1.7.4 The driver's seat should be adjustable in terms of front and rear, height, and the tilt angle should be adjusted appropriately. 3-1.7.5 The ladder should be equipped with anti-error protection devices: 3.1.8 Attached equipment
Attached equipment includes lighting equipment and monitoring and reporting devices. 3.1.81 Lighting equipment
To meet the requirements of working in harsh environments such as the explosion-proof environment, working lights, indoor lighting, and machine turning indicator lights should be installed. The working lights should have sufficient illumination.
3.7.8.2 Monitoring and alarm equipment
When the working conditions exceed the limit value, the monitoring and alarm equipment should automatically send out a signal alarm. 3.2 Chassis
The chassis is a multi-functional working device, which allows the rotating device to operate on it and enables the machine to move. 3.2.1 Chassis
The chassis consists of a frame, a rotating wheel, a guide wheel, a supporting wheel, and a tensioning device. The guide wheel end is in front of the light, and the driving wheel end is in the rear.
3.2.1. 1 Frame
The frame is the basis of the chassis, and is composed of a frame, a bottom, and a bottom. Its structure includes integral type and combined type that can change the track gauge. The track should have sufficient strength and rigidity. 3.2.1.2 Driving wheel and guide wheel
The driving wheel and guide wheel should have the characteristics that the track can rotate smoothly and stably on it, with small rotation force and sufficient rigidity. 3.2.1.3 Supporting wheel and supporting roller
The supporting sprocket is a component that supports the belt so that its middle part does not sag too much. The supporting roller is installed at the bottom of the belt frame and supports the whole machine. The supporting sprocket and supporting roller should have sufficient strength. 3.2. 1. 4 Supporting
The belt is connected by pins, bolts, etc. to form a primary track, or by pins, etc. to connect the chain track section and the belt plate, or to connect the body plate. Its types include integral type and combined type. The belt should have sufficient strength. 3.2.1.5 Tensioning device
GBT91A0
In order to adjust the tension of the stock, it is necessary to install two tensioning devices. The belt-limiting excavator should be equipped with a tensioning device.
3.2.1.6 Travel brake device and
The travel brake device has a normally closed type, a pipe open type, and a hydraulic brake type. The brake device should have a braking method for parking on the maximum slope specified in GB133.1.
3.2.1.7 Parking brake
The parking judgment device should have a braking force that can be used to control the load to catch up with the parking state. 3. 2.1.8 Center swivel joint
The upper center swivel joint is installed at the swivel center of the left chassis. During the rotation process, it can send positive pressure oil to the travel motor and transmit low-pressure oil to the tank. The center swivel joint should have good impact resistance, tightness and durability. 3.2.2 Tire chassis
The tire chassis consists of frame, gearbox, front and rear axles, pressure reducers and other parts. 3.2.2.1 The layout of wheels and drive wheels shall comply with the requirements of Table 2. 2
Demonstration method
3-2.2-2 Frame
The frame is the driving axle of the chassis
The frame should be able to withstand the impact caused by the machine running and working on uneven roads, and should have sufficient strength. 3.2.2.3 Tires
The tires should comply with the provisions of G1190 or G16. 3.2.2.4 The support
The support is a component that improves the working stability of the excavator and should have sufficient strength. 3.3 Working device
The working devices installed on the excavator body are usually the following: backhoe, front shovel, loading shovel, shovel, etc. 3.3.1 Common parts
3.3-1.1 The movable arm is the main supporting component in the working device. It is connected to the front end of the rotating device with a shaft. The arm should be strong enough. 3. 3. 1 2 Bucket
The bucket is a control tool installed on the bucket-arm. The shape of the bucket should be adapted to the digging operation. In terms of structure, it should have small cutting resistance, easy cutting, etc. The shovel 4 should have sufficient internal strength, and the shovel capacity should meet the requirements of JG/T5038.1 and JG/T5038.2. 3.3.1.4 Filter pressure cylinder
CI/T 9140
The pressure cylinder should be able to withstand variable impact loads, and have sufficient strength, strength, good sealing, 3.3.1.5 Hydraulic pipeline
The pressure pipeline should meet the requirements of 3.1.3.6. 3.3.7 Backhoe working device
The backhoe working device consists of a drive, a bucket, a drive hydraulic, a bucket hydraulic fluid, a bucket hydraulic fluid stop, a pipeline connection, or: it can be used for dragging, lifting, rotating, etc. See Figure! The standard size is small and the size is small. Table 3.
Machine source energy
3-3-3 Front shovel working position
Maximum control speed
-0 500
-2 500
Human control depth
Front chain working device consists of boom, lever, shovel bull, boom hydraulic cylinder, bucket 4 lever pressure, shovel bull filter, sky cylinder, pipelines and connecting parts, which can be used for control, rotation, unloading and other movements. See Figure 2. The working size shall not be less than the requirements of Table 4.
The whole measurement
Loading shovel working device
The maximum control diameter
1 2011
The maximum control diameter
GB/I 9140.1596
The loading shovel working device consists of a drive, a dipper arm, a bucket, a driving rod mechanism, a drive hydraulic system, a driving rod hydraulic system, a bucket hydraulic system, pipelines and a linkage assembly, which can perform actions such as digging, loading, rotating and shipping, as shown in Figure 3. 3.3.4.1 The linkage mechanism is the mechanism that pushes the bucket out hydraulically. The mechanism should have sufficient strength and toughness. 33.4.2 Operating dimensions
The operating dimensions shall not be less than those specified in Table 5.
Complete machine and quantity
Donkey bucket pile industry
0.35~~F, 43
0.35~0.69
0. 50-6. ED
0.50---3. (0
0.70~1.23
0. 95--1. 60
1.20~-2.00
1. 40~2. 40
2.50--4.00
3.00-6. (00
Maximum radius
Maximum height
GB/T9140-1996
3.3.5 Disassembly and assembly room
GHT 914C-1996
The folding shovel working device consists of an active arm, a lever, a machine shovel, an arm-release cylinder, a hydraulic part of a mechanical shovel, a general circuit and a connection. It can be used for control, lifting, turning and cutting, as shown in Figure 4. The operating size shall not be less than the provisions of Table 6.
Complete machine dimensions
3.4 Complete machine
Avoidance radius
Bucket height certificate
12 062
The whole machine is an excavator in working state, which is assembled by the machine body and the working device. The machine body is composed of the rotating device and the chassis. The relationship between the rear guide bucket and the rear guide bucket shall comply with the provisions of GR9139.1. 3.1 Replacement of working device
GB/T9140
The working device shall be able to be replaced annually without any change of design. 3.4.2 Quality
3.4.2-1 Quality of the whole machine
The quality of the whole machine shall comply with the provisions of GB6572.1. 3.4.2.2 Quality of working device
The quality of the working device installed on the machine body during the operation of the excavator shall comply with the provisions of GB6572.1. 3.4.2.2 Quality of working device
The quality of the working device installed on the machine body during the operation of the excavator shall comply with the provisions of GB6572.1. 3.4.2. 3 Machine body mass
The mass of the whole machine after deducting the mass of the working device. 3.4.3 Overall stability
The stability of the hydraulic excavator is expressed by the assumed system, that is, the load moment of the hydraulic excavator should meet the requirements of JG50.
3.4.3.1 Energy state
For the belt excavator, when the boom is parallel to the belt, the load is opposite to the side, and the belt at one-third of the length of the axle is off the ground; when the boom is vertical to the belt, the load is opposite to the belt, and the belt wheel is off the belt. The height of the wheel excavator is 2% of the wheelbase when the outrigger is not used. If the outrigger is used, the height of the outrigger above the ground is 2% of the wheelbase. 3.4.3.2 Tilt line For slow micro excavators, the auxiliary support points of Figure 5 (1) and Figure 5 (2) are connected to the left and right crawler tracks of the traction wheels or driving wheels. For tire excavators, see Figure 5 (c) the connecting line of the rear wheel support points and Figure 5 (d) the connecting line of the left and right wheel tilt support points. When the outrigger is used, it refers to the connecting line of the support point. 3.4.3.3 Stability moment
The moment formed by the weight of the excavator to stabilize the occurrence of the general sign. All moving parts that affect stability are calculated according to the position of the quantity.
3.4.3.4 Qualitative calculation
The stability coefficient is expressed as a stability factor, which should be greater than 1. Excavators that meet this requirement can work safely. ) The calculation of the overturning moment should comply with the provisions of GB7586. b) Stability coefficient is calculated according to formula (1) where:
Compensation coefficient;
Stable torque, kN·:
M. Short restraining force, kN.m
3.4.3.5 Left carbon steel
GB/T 9140—1996
For a ten-wheel excavator, it should be able to drive on a horizontal road with a slope of 3V° without overturning. At this time, the excavator is in the running state of the whole machine.
Note: The running state refers to the state when the center of the working space is parallel to the driving direction and the center of gravity is as low as possible. 3.4.4 Half-average ground contact pressure
The average ground contact pressure is the ratio of the machine mass to the ground contact area. Its value shall not be greater than the specified value. Table
Machine mass bZxz.net
5. 3 ~12. 5
16- 3--25. 0
32.0--*c.0
5c.c--63.c
3.4.4.1 Connection pool length
The grounding length is shown in the center of the diagram and calculated according to formula (2): 1. Take the grounding length of the belt, ms
The thick belt withdrawal distance
The gauge belt width:
3.4.4.2 Connection pool surface section
L = / 0. 356
The ground contact area is the product of the ground contact length of the belt and the sum of the width of the left convex belt. 3.4.5 Braking system of the excavator
The performance of the braking system shall comply with the provisions of 5C44. 3.4.6 Average ground contact pressure
For wheel sinking excavators, the load distribution rate of the turning under turbulent driving conditions must be less than 20%, and the load distribution rate and wheel load of each axle under driving conditions shall be taken into account. The wheel load is the ratio of the load on the axle to the number of wheels on the axle. 3.4.7 The steering ability of the wheel excavator
shall comply with (F/T14781 and the provisions,
3.4.8 Turning degree, driving angle, minimum new curve diameter 30
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