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GB18094--2000
This standard is prepared in accordance with GB/T1.1-1993 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Unit 1: Rules for Drafting and Presentation of Standards Part 1: Basic Regulations for Standardization" and GB/T1.3-1997 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Unit 1: Rules for Drafting and Presentation of Standards Part 3
: Regulations for the Preparation of Product Standards". This standard is proposed by China North Industries Group Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of China North Industries Standardization Research Institute. The drafting units of this standard are: Shanxi Xing'an Chemical Materials Factory, Institute of Blasting Technology of China Coal Research Institute, China North Industries Standardization Research Institute, Fushun Branch of China Coal Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are: Yu Jingping, Shi Wenjin, Xia Bin, Yang Jinxia, Dai Anquan, Yang Yiqing, Zheng Fuliang. 794
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Water gel explosive
Water gel explosive
GB 18094—2000
This standard specifies the classification and naming, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of water gel explosives. This standard applies to water gel explosives for engineering blasting. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB/T8031—1987Industrial electric detonator
GB9969.1-1998General provisions for instructions for use of industrial productsGB/T 101111988
Random sampling method using random numbersGB/T 12436--1990
Explosive performance test lead method
GB/T 12440—1990
GB/T 13228--1991
GB/T 13230-
—1991
GB/T14436-1993
Explosive intensity test lead cylinder compression method
Method for measuring detonation velocity of industrial explosives
Industrial fire detonator
Industrial product guarantee documents
GB 14493-1993
Industrial explosive packaging
GB/T 17582—1998
GB 18097—2000bZxz.net
Classification and naming rules of industrial explosives
Test method and judgment of combustible gas safety of permissible explosives in coal minesGB 18098—-2000
Determination of toxic gas content after explosion of industrial explosivesGJB 772A--1997
3 Definitions
Explosive test methods
This standard adopts the following definitions.
Water gel explosive
A gel-like industrial explosive made by using methylamine nitrate as the main sensitizer, adding oxidants, combustible agents, density regulators and other materials, dissolving and mixing, suspending in an aqueous solution with a gelling agent, and then chemically cross-linking. 4 Classification and naming
4.1 Classification
Water gel explosives are mainly divided into three types according to their use: rock, coal mine permitted and open-pit. Rock water gel explosives are suitable for blasting projects without the danger of methane and (or) mine dust explosion. Coal mine permitted water gel explosives are suitable for blasting projects with the danger of methane and (or) coal dust explosion. Open-pit water gel explosives are suitable for open-pit blasting projects. Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on May 9, 2000 and implemented on July 1, 2000
4.2 Naming
GB18094--2000
The naming of water gel explosives shall comply with the provisions of GB/T17582. 5 Requirements
The main performance indicators of water gel explosives shall meet the requirements of Table 1. Table 1 Main performance indicators of water gel explosives
Explosive density
Detonation distance
Working capacity
After explosion
Toxic gas content
Safety of combustible gas
Impact sensitivity
Friction sensitivity
Heat sensitivity
Guarantee period
Rock water gel explosives
1. 05 ~~1. 30
≥4. 2X10a
≥320
≥3. 2×103
≥260
≥3.2X103
≥220
Allowable water gel explosives for coal mines
0. 95~1. 25
≥3. 2X103
≥220
Explosion probability ≤8%
Explosion probability ≤8%
No combustion, no explosion
The figures in the table are valid within the warranty period, which is calculated from the date of completion of the manufacture of the explosives. 2 For explosives without detonator sensitivity, the detonation distance, intensity and working capacity may not be measured. 3 The above indicators are tested using 32 mm or 35 mm explosive rolls. 6
Test method
≥3. 0×103
≥180
Open-air water-gel explosive
1, 05~1. 30
≥3. 2×10°
≥240
When conducting the test of sympathetic detonation distance, detonation velocity, intensity, working capacity, toxic gas content after explosive explosion, and combustible gas safety, the sample temperature should not be lower than 10°C. If the sample temperature is lower than 10°C, heating measures should be taken, but the temperature increase should not exceed 25°C. 6.1 Determination of explosive density
6.1.1 Weighing method (arbitration method)
6.1.1.1 Principle
The density of an explosive is equal to the ratio of its mass to its volume, and the volume can be converted by the weight loss of the explosive being tested in the liquid. 6.1.1.2 Apparatus
a) Balance: sensitivity 0.01g;
b) Beaker: capacity 1000mL.
6.1.1.3 Test procedure
GB 18094—2000
6.1.1.3.1 Attach a new copper wire weighing net to one side of the balance, adjust the balance zero point, and then weigh the loss of the copper wire weighing net in distilled water. If the copper wire weighing net is not changed in subsequent tests, this value is a constant. 6.1.1.3.2 Weigh about 20g of the explosive sample to an accuracy of 0.01g, place it on the copper wire weighing net, weigh its mass in the air, and then immerse it together with the copper wire weighing net in distilled water, and quickly weigh its mass in water. When conducting a secondary measurement, the copper wire weighing net should be dried first.
6.1.1.4 Expression of test results
The density of explosive is calculated according to formula (1).
Wherein: p—density of explosive, g/cm
m2—-mass of explosive in air, g;
V—volume of explosive, cm2.
The volume of explosive is calculated according to formula (2).
m2 = m3mi
Wherein: V
volume of explosive, cm\;
mass of explosive in air, g;
-mass of explosive and thin copper wire weighing net in distilled water, g; loss of thin copper wire weighing net in distilled water, take a negative value; m
Pl——density of water (take pi～1), g/cm. ·（1）
Two results of parallel determination for each sample shall be obtained. The difference between the results of parallel determination shall not be greater than 0.05 g/cm3. The arithmetic mean shall be taken and the result shall be expressed to two decimal places.
6.1.2 Volumetric method
6.1.2.1 Principle
-A certain mass of explosive is placed in a certain volume of water. The value obtained by dividing the mass of explosive by the volume increment of water is the density of explosive. 6.1.2.2 Instruments
a) Balance: sensitivity is 0.5 g;
b) Graduated cylinder: graduation value is 5 mL.
6.1.2.3 Test procedure
6.1.2.3.1 Weigh about 100 g of explosive sample to the nearest 0.5 g. Add about 300 mL of distilled water to a 500 mL volumetric cylinder and record the volume of water to the nearest 2.5 mL.
6.1.2.3.2 Slowly place the weighed explosive into the water in the measuring cylinder. After the water level rises steadily, record the volume of water in the measuring cylinder and read to the nearest 2.5mL.
6.1.2.4 Expression of test results
Calculate the density of explosives according to formula (3).
Where: 0--explosive density, g/cm; m
-explosive mass, g;
V-volume of water after adding explosives,mL;
The volume of water before adding explosives, mL.
Each sample is measured twice in parallel, and the arithmetic mean is taken. The result is expressed to two decimal places. 6.2 Determination of sympathetic detonation distance
·(3)
6.2.1 Principle
GB 18094—2000
A certain mass and specified diameter of explosive rolls are made into main explosive rolls and receiving explosive rolls. After the main explosive roll is detonated, the receiving explosive roll can be caused to detonate through air as the medium. The maximum distance between the end faces of the two explosive rolls is taken as the measurement value of the explosive detonation distance. 6.2.2 Instruments
a) Round rod;
b) Ruler: the graduation value is 1mm;
c) No. 8 detonator: GB/T8031 or GB/T13230.6.2.3 Test procedure
6.2.3.1 Take a sample of §32mm or 35mm cartridge (large diameter or other specification cartridges should be made into a cartridge with a diameter of 35mm according to the specified density). If the cartridge is long enough, it can be cut into two halves at 1/2 of the cartridge, which are used as the main explosive cartridge and the receiving cartridge respectively. Cut off the uneven surface at one end of the cartridge, and ensure that the length of the main explosive cartridge and the receiving cartridge is not less than 150mm. 6.2.3.2 Use a round rod with the same diameter as the cartridge sample to press out a horizontal semicircular groove on the sand, the length of which is not less than the sum of the length of the two test cartridges and the distance of the sympathetic detonation to be measured. Place the main explosive roll and the receiving explosive roll with the cross-section facing each other and correctly placed in the semicircular groove. Set the distance between the cross-sections of the two rolls (accurate to 1mm). No debris should be allowed between the rolls. See Figure 1 for the schematic diagram of the sympathetic detonation distance test assembly. 6.2.3.3 Insert a No. 8 detonator at one end of the main explosive roll, and the insertion depth is 2/3 of the detonator length. After detonation, if there is no residual explosive on the scene and a blast pit is produced where the receiving explosive roll is placed, it is judged as a sympathetic detonation. 1-Main explosive roll: 2-Cross section of the roll: 3-Receiving explosive roll Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the sympathetic detonation distance test assembly
6.2.4 Expression of test results
The test results are expressed in the form of [L]A/B, where: -L is the distance between the cross-sections of the two rolls, cm; ~A is the number of times the receiving explosive roll is sympathetically detonated;
B is the number of tests.
The maximum distance that can be sympathetically detonated in three parallel tests is taken as the sympathetic detonation distance of the explosive. Note: It is allowed to test only according to the indicators specified in the standard. 6.3 Determination of detonation velocity
Perform according to the provisions of GB/T13228.
6.4 Determination of force
Perform according to the provisions of GB/T12440.
6.5 Determination of working capacity
Perform according to the provisions of GB/T12436.
6.6 Determination of toxic gas content after explosion of explosives shall be carried out according to the provisions of GB18098.
6.7 Combustible gas safety test
Perform according to the provisions of GB18097.
6.8 Determination of friction sensitivity
Perform according to the provisions of GJB772A--1997 method 602.1, in which the test conditions suitable for low-sensitivity explosives are selected. 798
6.9 Determination of impact sensitivity
GB 18094-2000
Perform the test in accordance with the provisions of GJB772A--1997 Method 601.1. The test conditions are as follows: drop weight: 10.000kg±0.010kg; drop height: 500 mm±1mm;
amount of explosive: 50 mg±1 mg.
6.10 Determination of thermal sensitivity
6.10.1 Principle
Keep a certain mass of explosive at a certain temperature for a certain period of time and observe whether the explosive burns or explodes. 6.10.2 Instruments and equipment
a) Balance: sensitivity 0.1g;
b) Temperature controller: temperature control range 0～300℃, accuracy mainly 1℃; c) Electric furnace;
d) Timer: accuracy 1s;
e) Iron plate: see Figure 2, thickness 20mm. 4—15 Depth 16
6.10.3 Test procedure
8 Depth 16
Figure 2 Plan view of iron plate
6.10.3.1 Assemble the test device according to Figure 3, with the temperature sensing element in contact with the bottom of the hole and the remaining space filled with quartz sand. Heat the iron plate to 200℃±5℃ and keep the temperature constant.
6.10.3.2 Weigh about 1g of explosive sample, divide it into 4 equal parts, place them in the four sample holes of the iron plate respectively, and start timing. Observe whether combustion or explosion occurs within 20 minutes. 6.10.4 Expression of test results
Test three times in parallel. If no combustion or explosion occurs in all three tests, the test is qualified. 799
7 Inspection rules
7.1 Inspection classification
GB 18094 --2000
1---Electric furnace; 2-Heating iron plate 3---Sample hole; 4--Temperature sensing element; 5-Temperature sensing element fixing frame; 6-Temperature controller Figure 3 Schematic diagram of thermal sensitivity measurement device
The inspection of water-gel explosive products is divided into factory inspection and type inspection. 7.2 Factory inspection
When water-gel explosive products leave the factory, they must be inspected by the quality inspection department of the manufacturer. The products leaving the factory should comply with the provisions of this standard and can only leave the factory after passing the inspection.
7.2.1 Inspection Items
Each batch of products shall be inspected for explosive density and detonation distance, and every five batches shall be inspected for detonation velocity and intensity. 7.2.2 Batch Rules
Each inspection batch shall consist of products of the same type manufactured in a similar time with basically the same raw materials, processes, equipment and other conditions, and the batch shall not exceed 40 t.
7.2.3 Sampling
Inspection samples shall be randomly selected according to the method specified in GB/T10111, and sampling is allowed at different parts of the product packaging process. The total sample volume shall not be less than 12 kg.
7.2.4 Judgment Rules and Re-test Rules
When all the inspected items meet the requirements of this standard, the batch of products shall be judged to be qualified. If one of the test results does not meet the requirements of this standard, the item may be re-tested. If the re-test results meet the requirements, the batch of products shall still be judged to be qualified. Otherwise, the batch of products shall be judged to be unqualified. If one of the items of force or explosion speed is unqualified, the inspection of this item shall be carried out on five batches after the unqualified batch. After the five batches are qualified in the inspection, the regulation of inspection every five batches shall be restored. 7.3 Type inspection
7.3.1 Timing of type inspection
Type inspection shall be carried out in any of the following situations: a) When new products are finalized and old products are transferred to the factory for production; b) After formal production, if there are major changes in equipment, materials, and processes, which may affect product performance; d) When the product production line is resumed after being shut down for half a year; 7.3.2 Inspection items
GB18094--2000
Type inspection items are all items specified in Table 1. 7.3.3 Sampling
Samples shall be randomly selected according to the method specified in GB/T10111, and the total amount of samples shall not be less than 16kg. 7.3.4 Judgment rules and re-inspection rules
When all the items inspected meet the requirements of this standard, the products submitted for inspection are judged to be qualified. If any of the five indicators of toxic gas content, combustible gas safety, impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity, and thermal sensitivity after the explosion of the explosive does not meet the requirements of this standard, the products submitted for inspection are judged to be unqualified. If the results of two or more (excluding two) of the five indicators of explosive density, sympathetic detonation distance, detonation velocity, intensity, and working capacity do not meet the requirements of this standard, the products submitted for inspection are judged to be unqualified. If one or two of the results of the measurements do not meet the requirements of this standard, the items that do not meet the requirements shall be doubled for re-inspection. If the re-inspection results all meet the requirements of this standard, the products submitted for inspection are still judged to be qualified, otherwise they are unqualified. 8 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage
8.1 Marking
The outer packaging markings of water-gel explosives shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 5 of GB14493-1993, where the net weight refers to the sum of the weight of the explosive rolls in the box. 8.2 Packaging
The inner and outer packaging of water gel explosives shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 4 of GB14493-1993. 8.2.1 The specifications of the explosive rolls (outer diameter) are generally $32mm±1 mm or $35mm±1 mm, and can also be produced according to user requirements. The mass of the explosive rolls in each package shall not exceed 30kg. 8.2.2 Each package shall be accompanied by a product certificate and instruction manual. The preparation of the product certificate shall comply with the provisions of GB/T14436, and the preparation of the instruction manual shall comply with the provisions of GB9969.1. 8.2.3 Each batch of products shall comply with 8.1 and 8.2. Packaging inspection is carried out according to the requirements of (the quality of the drug rolls and the middle package is allowed to be inspected during the production process). The number of sampling inspection units is specified in Table 2, where the sampling unit is box and the range of the overall material is batch. All inspected units should meet the requirements, otherwise, 100% inspection is carried out, and those that fail to meet the requirements should be returned for repair. Table 2 Provisions for selecting the number of sampling units
Number of units in a batch, box
≤200
201~400
401～600
601～800
801~1000
8.3 Transportation
The transportation of water gel explosives shall comply with the relevant national regulations on the transportation of dangerous goods. 8.4 Storage
Minimum number of units selected, box
Water gel explosives must be stored in a well-ventilated dry warehouse at room temperature. They must not be stored together with detonators and other detonating equipment.
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