This standard specifies the control principles and standards for radon and its progeny in the air of underground buildings. This standard applies to existing and planned underground buildings. This standard does not apply to unoccupied underground buildings. GB 16356-1996 Control Standard for Radon and Its Progeny in Underground Buildings GB16356-1996 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Standard for controlling radon and its daughters in underground space
Standard for controlling radon and its daughters in underground space1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the control principles and control standards for hydrogen and its daughters in the air of underground buildings. This standard applies to underground buildings that have been built and are to be built. This standard does not apply to underground buildings where no one stays. 2 Reference standards
GB6566 Standard for radiation health protection of building materials 3 Terms and terms
3.1 Underground space GB16356-1996
Any underground construction project or underground place with a certain space built below the ground on purpose is collectively referred to as an underground building. 3.2 Radon and its daughters Hydrogen is a naturally radioactive inert gas with three isotopes: Rn-222, Rn-220, and Rn-219. In this standard, ammonia refers only to Rn-222, and hydrogen progeny refers only to the short-lived decay products of Rn-222, Po-218, Pb-214, Bi-214 and Po-214. 3.3 Action level action level
In this standard, the equilibrium equivalent hydrogen concentration in the underground building is pre-specified. When this concentration is exceeded or expected to be exceeded, remedial action is required.
4 Control principles and standards
4.1 Control principles
4.1.1 In the practical activities of underground building utilization, the natural radiation level will increase, and it is necessary to control the exposure caused by the increase. When designing and constructing related to radiation protection, the principles of practice justification, optimization of radiation protection and the provisions of this standard must be followed, and the additional exposure of the public due to inhalation of air and its progeny in underground buildings should be controlled to the lowest level that can be reasonably achieved in an appropriate manner.
4.1.2 According to the degree of controllability, underground buildings are divided into two situations: used and to be built. For underground buildings already in use, they can only be controlled by taking remedial actions; for underground buildings to be constructed, control measures should be taken during the design and construction. 4.1.3 For underground buildings already in use, when the annual average value of the equilibrium equivalent hydrogen concentration in the air exceeds the action level in Article 4.2.1, remedial actions should be taken, including identifying the cause and source of the increase in hydrogen and taking effective and feasible protective measures. 4.1.4 For underground buildings to be constructed, more reasonable and effective control and protective measures should be adopted in the design and construction so that the average value of the equilibrium equivalent hydrogen concentration meets the limit requirements of Article 4.2.2. 4.2 Control Standards
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on May 23, 1996116
Implementation on December 1, 1996
GB16356-1996
4.2.1 The action level for underground buildings already in use is 400Bg·m-\ (equilibrium equivalent hydrogen concentration). 4.2.2 The design level of the underground building to be built is 200 Bg·m-3 (equilibrium equivalent hydrogen concentration). 5 Monitoring
5.1 The concentration of hydrogen and its daughters in the underground buildings that have been used and will be used should be monitored. The monitoring should be carried out under the conditions of normal use of the underground buildings, and the monitoring frequency should be determined according to the actual situation. 5.2 The selection of monitoring points should take into account the structure, area, purpose, personnel distribution, ventilation and other conditions of the underground buildings. 6 Protective measures
6.1 Ventilation and hydrogen removal
Appropriate ventilation is an effective measure to remove underground buildings and their daughters. To select a reasonable ventilation frequency, you can refer to the hydrogen removal ventilation rate table, see Appendix A (reference).
Ventilation should allow fresh air to be directly delivered to the personnel activity area. The wind source should be clean ground air, and the wind flow should be strictly prevented from being polluted. 6.2 Control and isolate hydrogen sources
Block or seal all pathways and pores for hydrogen to enter the underground building from the foundation and surrounding soil, and prevent the infiltration of nitrogen-rich groundwater, etc. 6.3 Purify the air and reduce hydrogen progeny.
6.4 When it is necessary to work in underground buildings that exceed the action level, the radiation health authority should agree. 6.5 When designing and constructing underground buildings, the site selected should avoid areas with high radium content in soil or rock as much as possible, and use building materials that comply with GB6566, and take appropriate measures to reduce hydrogen. 1
GB16356—1996
Appendix A
Simplified table of ventilation rate for hydrogen removal and instructions for use
(reference)
A1 Simple table of ventilation rate for oxygen removal (when the control standard is 200Bg·m-3) Table A1
kBq·m$
Ventilation rate
times·h-1
Ventilation time for oxygen balance, h
Simplified table of ventilation rate for hydrogen removal (when the control standard is 400Bq·m3) A2
|Spring and Autumn
Ventilation rate
times·h--
kBq·m-\
Ventilation rate
times·h-1
A3 Instructions for use of hydrogen removal ventilation table
Ventilation time for chlorine balance, h
Ventilation time for chlorine balance, h
Spring and Autumn
Ventilation rate
times·h-}
A3.1 The hydrogen concentration of an underground building is measured 6 days after it is closed, which is the closed hydrogen concentration. Balanced ventilation time, h
Ventilation rate
times·h-1
Ventilation rate
times·h-!
Ventilation time for hydrogen balance, h
Ventilation time for oxygen balance, h
A3.2 The ventilation rate corresponding to the enclosed hydrogen concentration under the column of the season for measuring the enclosed hydrogen concentration is the ventilation rate to be found. A3.3 The ventilation rate refers to the fresh air ventilation rate and is considered as continuous ventilation. For example, if the air intake rate in the underground building is 5×10km2·h-1 and the underground space volume is 10km2, then the fresh air ventilation rate is 0.5·hl. A3.4 When staying in an underground building for a short period of time occasionally, the building should be ventilated first, and then enter after the ventilation time reaches the ventilation time for hydrogen equilibrium, and ventilation should be continuous during the stay.
A3.5 When compiling this simple table, the hydrogen concentration in the fresh air is taken as 7Bq·m-3. If the chlorine concentration in the fresh air is higher, the ventilation rate should be appropriately corrected. A3.6 When calculating the hydrogen exhaust ventilation rate of a newly designed underground building, the enclosed hydrogen concentration of the underground building closest to the area where the newly designed underground building is located can be used as a reference. wwW.bzxz.Net
Appendix B
Unit conversion relationship
(reference)
B1 Unit conversion relationship for hydrogen and its daughter concentration 1Bq·m-3=3.45·10*MeV·m-3-5.5-10-9J·m-30.27mWL Unit conversion relationship for exposure to hydrogen and its daughters B2
1Jhm-3=6.24·102MeVhm-3 -4.8·10*WLh=1.8·10°Bqhm-31WLM=170WLh=2.2·10\°MeVhm-3=3.5·10-3Jhm-3-=6.3·105Bqhm-31Bqam-3-8760Bqhm-3
Concentration unit conversion table of B3 control standard
Equilibrium equivalent hydrogen concentration
Bq· m3
Action level
Design level
10-Jm~3
B4 and control standard corresponding annual exposure unit conversion table Control standard
(equilibrium equivalent hydrogen concentration)
Additional notes:
Time integral of equilibrium equivalent hydrogen concentration
Bqam--
10°Bqhm\3
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. Table B2
10-\Jhm-3
Oxygen daughter alpha potential concentration
10′MeV · L1
Time integral of oxygen daughter alpha potential concentration
10'MeV ·L-!
This standard was drafted by Liaoning Provincial Institute of Labor Hygiene, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial Institute of Labor Hygiene and Occupational Disease Prevention and Control and the Fourth Design Institute of General Staff Engineering Corps. The main drafters of this standard are Meng Wenbin, Wang Gongpeng, Qiang Zhiyong, Tian Zhiqian and Zhang Weidao. This standard is interpreted by the Ministry of Health's Industrial Hygiene Laboratory, the technical unit entrusted by the Ministry of Health. 119
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