Some standard content:
GB/T4999--2003/ISO 4135:2001 This standard is equivalent to ISO4135:2001 "Anesthetic and respiratory equipment - Terminology" (English version) of the International Organization for Standardization. This standard has revised GB/T4999--1985. Compared with GB/T4999-1985, the main technical differences between this standard and GB/T4999--1985 are as follows: - Added the terminology of medical gas supply system; - Added the terminology of human anesthesia machine and anesthesia workstation; - Added the terminology of humidifier, nebulizer and moisture exchanger; - Added the terminology of anesthetic gas purification system; - Added the terminology of suction equipment; - Added the terminology of monitor and expanded the scope of application of the standard; - Modified the terminology of ventilation system; - Modified the terminology of connector and valve; - Modified the terminology of airway and tracheal tube. - This standard replaces GB/T4999--1985 from the date of implementation. This standard is proposed by the State Food and Drug Administration. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Anesthesia and Respiratory Equipment. The drafting units of this standard are: Shanghai Medical Device Testing Institute, Shanghai Medical Device Co., Ltd. Medical Equipment Factory. The main drafters of this standard are: Yu Hong, Dong Tiezheng. The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are: -GB/T4999-—1985.
Terms of Anesthesia Respiratory Equipment
GB/T 4999—2003/ISO 4135:2001 This standard specifies the terms and definitions of anesthesia respiratory equipment, gas supply, related instruments and supply systems. 1 Medical gas supply system
1. 1 General terms
Medical gas medical gas
Any gas or gas mixture used for the management of patients for the purpose of anesthesia, treatment, diagnosis or prevention of disease; or for the application of surgical instruments.
Medical gas supply system medical gas supply systems Medical gas pipeline system, or other devices without permanent pipeline system but with medical gas source including pressure regulator. 1.2 Pipeline system
Medical gas pipeline systemMedical gas pipeline systemA complete system consisting of a medical gas source, a pipeline distribution system and terminals. 1.2.2
central supply system
Central supply system
Medical gas source consisting of one or more of the following: a) a system of cylinders;
b) cryogenic or non-cryogenic liquid supply;
c) air compressor;
d) gas distribution equipment;
e) oxygen concentrator;
f) vacuum pump.
1. 2. 2. 1
Primary supplyprimarysupply
The part of the central supply system that supplies medical gas to the pipeline distribution system. 1.2.2.2
secondary supply
Auxiliary supply
Part of a central supply system which automatically supplies medical gases to a pipeline distribution system when the primary supply is exhausted or fails. 1.2.2.3
reserve supply
Part of a source of supply which supplies a pipeline distribution system when both the primary and secondary supplies fail or during maintenance. 1.2.3
source of supply
A supply system equipped with control equipment for the supply pipelines. 1
GB/T 4999--2003/IS0 4135:20011.2.3.1
cryogenic liquid system
cryogenic liquid system
A source of gas which uses refrigeration and/or insulation to keep liquefied gases below their critical temperature. 1. 2. 3. 2
non-cryogenic liquid system
a source of gas that does not require refrigeration and/or insulation to keep the liquefied gas below its critical temperature. 1.2.3. 3
air compressor system
aircompressor system
a source of gas using a compressor designed to provide air for breathing and/or actuating surgical instruments. 1. 2. 3. 4
oxygen concentrator
a device that extracts oxygen enriched in oxygen for medical use from the atmosphere by removing nitrogen. 1. 2. 3. 4. 1
membrane oxygen concentratormembrane oxygen concentrator an oxygen concentrator that concentrates oxygen by selective permeation of oxygen through a membrane. 1.2.3. 4.2
Pressure swing adsorption device PSApressure swing adsorption device (PSA) Molecular sieve device An oxygen concentrator that concentrates oxygen by alternately pressurizing the atmosphere and passing the atmosphere through a layer of molecular filtration material, selectively retaining and removing nitrogen.
Proportioning system A central gas supply system that mixes gases in a certain ratio. 1.2.4
Vacuum source
A system that includes a pump designed to generate negative pressure. 1.2.5
Control equipment
Control equipment
Those devices necessary to maintain the gas source at a set pressure in the medical gas supply system. For example; pressure control regulators, safety valves, alarm triggers, manual valves and automatic valves. 1.2.6
Pipeline distribution system A part of the pipeline system that connects the gas source to the terminal. 1.2.6.1
Isolating valve shut-off valve or isolating valve or zone valve A manual or automatic valve which, when closed, prevents the flow of gas in both directions. 1.2.6.2
Non-return valve
A valve which allows gas to flow in one direction only. 1.2.6.3
Pressure-relief valve
A valve which opens to the atmosphere at a preset pressure in order to prevent excessive positive or negative pressure in the pipeline. See: Pressure relief valve (4.3.7).
1.3 Terminal
Terminal unit
GB/T4999—2003/IS04135:2001
An outlet assembly (or vacuum inlet) in a medical gas pipeline system which is connected and disconnected by the operator. 1.3.2
Terminal unit check valve A valve that opens only when a suitable probe is inserted and allows gas flow in both directions. 1.3.3
Terminal unit maintenance valve A valve in a terminal assembly that allows maintenance to be performed on the terminal without shutting down the pipe system and other terminals. 1.3.4
Terminal unit base block
The part of the terminal that is attached to the pipe distribution system. 1.3.5
Gas-specific
The property of preventing the interconnection of different gas services. 1.3.6
Gas-specific connection point Socket assembly
The part of the terminal that is the connection point for the non-interchangeable special gas connection assembly and is mounted on the base by a suitable non-interchangeable special gas device.
Special gas connector
:gas-specific connector
One of the following types of connectors:
Threaded fixed connector [DISS (diameter-limited safety system) or NIST (non-interchangeable threads)]. Non-interchangeable quick connector.
Socket
(Terminal) The insertable part of a terminal, which is either an integral part of the terminal or mounted on a base with a dedicated gas interface. This part includes the dedicated gas connection point. 1.4 Low-pressure hose assembly for medical gases 1.4.1
Low-pressure hose assembly
low-pressure hose assembly
An assembly consisting of a hose with permanent dedicated gas inlet and outlet connectors, designed for conveying medical gases at a pressure not exceeding 1400kPa.
source connector
Gas source connector
The gas-specific part of a catheter assembly that can be connected to a gas source. 1.4.3
Equipment connecton
The dedicated gas portion of a catheter assembly that can be connected to a medical device. 1.4.4
DISS connectorDISS connector
Diameter-indexed safety system connector3
GB/T4999--2003/ISO4135:2001
A set of internal and external connector assemblies with different diameters that match each specific gas or facility to maintain gas specificity. 1.4.5
NIST connectorNIST connector
Non-interchangeable screw-threaded connectorA set of external and internal connectors with different diameters and left-hand or right-hand threads that are connected to the matching connectors of each specific gas to maintain gas specificity.
Quick connector
A pair of unthreaded special gas connection components that can be easily and quickly connected or disconnected without tools, by a single action of one or both hands.
Note: This usually consists of an insert and a socket with a self-locking valve. 1.4.7
Hose insert
The part of the connector that is inserted into the hose and tightened in the inner cavity of the hose. 1.4.8
Probe
An insert component designed to be inserted and fixed in a socket. 1.4.9
Hose assembly self-locking valveHose assembly check valveA normally closed valve that can only be opened and allows gas flow in both directions when a suitable special gas connector is inserted. 1.5 Pressure regulators1.5.1
Pressure regulatorpressure regulatorA device that can control the output pressure within specified limits for different input pressures. 1.5.2
Adjustable pressure regulatorAdjustable pressure regulatorA regulator equipped with an output pressure regulating device for the operator. 1.5.3
Single-stage pressure regulatorA regulator that directly reduces the input pressure to the required pressure. 1.5.4
Two-stage pressure regulatorA regulator that reduces the input pressure to the required pressure in two steps. 2-person anesthesia machine and anesthesia workstation
2.1 General
Anesthesia machineanaesthetic machine
Equipment that distributes and delivers various types of medical and anesthetic gases and vapors to the respiratory system. 2.1.2
Anesthesia workstationanaesthetic workstationAnesthesia gas delivery system and its matching monitoring, alarm and protection devices. 4
2.2 Components
anaesthetic gas delivery system
Components that control the flow and composition of the fresh gas delivered. 2.2.2
anaesthetic vapour delivery device
anaesthetic vaporizerA device that can provide volatile drug vapor in a controlled concentration. 2.2.3
machine gas pipingGB/T4999—2003/IS04135:2001
All pipes from the one-way valve and pressure regulator output of the pipeline inlet to the flow meter control and auxiliary gas outlet, including pipe joints. Note: It includes all pipes including pneumatic alarm system, pressure gauge and rapid oxygen supply valve. 2.2.4
gas flow control systemA device or component that controls and indicates the flow of gas or mixed gas. 2.2.5
Flowmeter
A device that indicates the volume of a particular gas or mixed gas flowing per unit time. 2.2.6
Gas mixer
A device that receives oxygen and other medical gases from independent supplies and then transmits the mixed gas with a concentration adjusted by the operator. 2.2.7
Oxygen flushvalve
Fast oxygen supply
A manual valve that delivers a high flow of oxygen to the fresh gas outlet. 2.2.8
Fresh-gas outletFresh-gas outletCommon gas outlet
Common gas outlet
The port for outputting anesthetic gases and vapors from the anesthesia machine. 3 Ventilators and resuscitators
3.1 General terms
Ventilators and resuscitatorsLung ventilator
Automatic device designed to increase or supply ventilation to a patient. 3.1.2
Anesthetic ventilator
Anesthetic ventilator
A ventilator designed for use during anesthesia. 3.1.3
Respiratory therapy ventilator A device connected to the patient's airway and designed to deliver aerosols and/or increase ventilation. 3.1.4
Resuscitator
Resuscitator
A portable device that provides ventilation.
Note: The definition of this term may be limited to manual devices in national regulations. 5
GB/T4999--2003/ISO 4135:20013.1.5
Compliance
When gas is introduced into a closed space, the volume of gas required to be added per unit increase in pressure. Note: The adaptability is expressed as the relationship between volume and pressure at one atmosphere, temperature and humidity in a closed space. 3.1.6
Ventilatorbreathingsystem (VBS) The breathing system includes a low-pressure gas inlet, a gas suction port and a patient connection port. If there are fresh gas inlet and outlet ports, they should also include fresh gas inlet and outlet ports.
Fow-direction-sensitive component The component in which the airflow must flow in a specific direction to ensure normal function and/or patient safety. 3.1.8
Fresh gas freshgas
Breathable gas delivered to the breathing system. 3.1.9
Inflating gas
Fresh gas that drives the ventilator and can also supply air to the patient. 3.1.10
Driving gas
The gas that drives the ventilator, but cannot supply air to the patient. 3.2 Ports
driving-gas input portThe input port for driving gas.
inflating-gas input port
inflating-gas inlet
The input port for inflating gas.
emergency air intake port
emergency air intake port
a special air intake port for inhaling air when the fresh gas supply and/or the inflating gas are insufficient. 3.2.4
fresh-gas inlet
fresh-gas inlet
the port through which fresh gas is introduced into the breathing system. 3.2.5
fresh-gas inlet connectorThe connector on the breathing unit that is connected to the fresh gas supply. 3.2.6
fresh-gas input portThe input port for fresh gas is provided.
Fresh-gas intake portFresh-gas intake portThe port through which the ventilator or the patient inhales fresh gas, except the emergency air intake port. 6
Fresh-gas outletgasoutputport
The interface of the ventilator, through which gas is introduced into the patient-side interface through a pipeline at respiratory pressure. 3.2.9
Gas return port
GB/T 4999--2003/ISO 4135:2001The interface of the ventilator, through which gas is returned from the patient-side interface through a pipeline at respiratory pressure. 3.2.10
Input port
Gas is supplied to this port under pressure, and gas flows through this port driven by this pressure. Compare: intake port
3.2. 10. 1
High-pressure input portHigh-pressure input portA gas interface capable of supplying gas at a pressure greater than 100 kPa. 3.2.10.2
Low-pressure input portA gas input interface capable of supplying gas at a pressure not exceeding 100 kPa. 3.2.11
Intake port
A interface through which a ventilator or patient can draw gas. Compare: input port
Manual ventilation portA ventilator interface capable of connecting a manual compression device. 3.2.13
Patient connection portA ventilator breathing system interface capable of connecting a patient or a test instrument. 3.3 Pressures
Alveolar pressure, PThe pressure in the alveoli.
continuous positive airway pressure,CPAP
The positive pressure continuously provided at the patient connection port during the respiratory cycle. 3.3.3
maximum steady limiting pressure
maximum steady limiting pressure,Prs mThe maximum pressure at the patient connection port that lasts for more than 300ms (100ms for neonates) when the pressure limiting safety device is functioning normally, regardless of whether other components of the ventilator are functioning normally. 3.3.4
maximum transient limiting pressure,Pr maxThe maximum pressure at the patient connection port that lasts for less than 300ms (100ms for neonates) when the pressure limiting safety device is functioning normally, regardless of whether other components of the ventilator are functioning normally. 3.3.5
maximum working pressure,Pw maxThe maximum pressure that can be reached at the patient connection port during the inhalation phase when the ventilator is functioning normally. 7
GB/T 4999--2003/ISO 4135:20013.3.6
Minimum steady limiting pressureminimum steady limiting pressure,Pis mlhThe minimum pressure (maximum negative pressure) at the patient connection port that lasts for more than 300 ms (100 ms for neonates) when the pressure limiting safety device is functioning normally, regardless of whether other components of the ventilator are functioning normally. 3.3.7
Minimum transient limiting pressureminimum transient limiting pressure,Prr mThe minimum pressure (maximum negative pressure) at the patient connection port that lasts for less than 300 ms (100 ms for neonates) when the pressure limiting safety device is functioning normally, regardless of whether other components of the ventilator are functioning normally. 3.3.8
Minimum working pressureminimum working pressure,Pw aThe minimum pressure (maximum negative pressure) that can be reached at the patient connection port during the inhalation phase when the ventilator is functioning normally. 3.3.9
mouth pressure, Pm
airway mouth pressure
pressure in the patient's airway, or the pressure at the patient port where the test instrument is connected to the ventilator. 3.3.10
negative pressure
pressure below atmospheric pressure.
positive end-expiratory pressure, PEEP
positive pressure
pressure above atmospheric pressure.
respiratory pressure
respiratory pressure
the pressure difference between the minimum working pressure (3.3.8) and the maximum working pressure (3.3.5). 3.3.14
ventilator breathing system pressure, VBS pressure, Pvnspressure at a specified point in the breathing system of a respiratory device. 3.3.15
J ventilator pressure, Pvent
ventilator pressure
pressure at a specified point in the ventilator.
3.4 times and volumes
times and volumes
delivered ventilation, cthe volume of gas passing through the patient connection port per minute during the inspiratory phase. 3.4.2
delivered ventilation, Vaethe volume of gas passing through the patient connection port during the inspiratory phase. 3.4.3
expiratory pause
the pause between the end of expiratory flow and the beginning of inspiratory flow. 8
expiratory pause time, tepthe duration of the expiratory pause.
expiratory phase
the pause between the beginning of expiratory flow and the beginning of inspiratory flow. 3.4.6
expiratory time,te
Expiratory time
Duration of the expiratory phase.
Expired tidal volume,VerThe volume of gas that leaves the patient or the test device during one expiratory phase. 3.4.8
fexpired ventilation,V,
Expiratory minute ventilation
The volume of gas that leaves the patient or the test device per minute during the expiratory phase. 3.4.9
Frequency,f
Number of ventilation cycles per minute.
For example: number of breaths per minute.
inspiratory pause
Inspiratory pause
The interval from the end of inspiratory flow to the beginning of expiratory flow. 3.4.11
inspiratorypause time,tipThe duration of the inspiratory pause.
inspiratory phase
The interval from the start of inspiratory flow to the start of expiratory flow. 3.4.13
inspiratory time,tiThe duration of the inspiratory phase.
inspiratory time percentinspiratory time percentThe percentage of inspiratory time in the whole ventilation cycle. 3.4.15
inspiratory/expiratory time ratio,I/E ratioThe ratio of inspiratory time to expiratory time.
ventilatory period,t
ventilatory period
The duration of a ventilation cycle.
GB/T 4999—2003/ISO4135:20019
GB/T 4999—2003/ISO 4135:20013.5 Modes of ventilation3.5. 1
Intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) Combination of spontaneous breathing and periodic ventilator-controlled breathing. 3.5.2
Pressure assistance When the patient breathes spontaneously, the airway pressure in the inspiratory phase of spontaneous breathing is greater than the airway pressure in the expiratory phase. 3.5.3
Pressure hindrance
The situation in which the airway pressure in the expiratory phase of a spontaneously breathing patient is greater than that in the inspiratory phase. Note: Pressure hindrance is caused by the pressure generated by the respiratory device, not by the resistance formed by the respiratory system of the respiratory device. 3.5.4
Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation, SIMVIntermittent mandatory ventilation that starts mandatory breathing only when the patient's spontaneous breathing meets certain conditions. For example: the inspiratory flow is greater than a certain limit; the expiratory flow is greater than a certain limit. 3.5.5
Predetermined minute volume, MMVThe minute volume is balanced by the ventilator to maintain it at a preset level only when the patient is able to breathe spontaneously to a certain extent. 3.5.6
(Respiratory device) sigh (ventilator) intentionally increases the tidal volume every other breath or several breaths. 3.5.7
Triggering
A controlled or mandatory inspiratory phase is started by the patient's inspiration. 3. 5.7.1
Triggering differential pressure, AprrThe pressure change at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.2
triggering flow,Vrr
The flow at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.3
triggering pressure,PrrThe pressure at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.4
triggering rate of change of pressure,prrThe rate of change of pressure at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.5
triggering response time,fTThe time from the required triggering pressure, flow or volume being reached until the start of the inspiratory flow. 3.5.7.6
triggering volume
The volume displacement at the patient port required for triggering. 10
4 Ventilation system
4.1 General terms and classification
Ventilation system
GB/T 4999--2003/ISO 4135:2001 The inhalation and exhalation passage through which gas passes under respiratory pressure between the fresh gas inlet, the patient connection port and the exhaust valve or exhaust port.
Note 1: In practice, the ventilation system usually extends from: a) the gas supply port of the mixed gas, such as the fresh gas outlet of the anaesthetic machine. In some cases, especially for ventilators, this port may be located in a part of the equipment and cannot be confused with other connection ports installed, such as on the housing of the equipment. Or b) the fresh gas inlet of a circulation system, such as a ventilator, T-piece, etc. Or c) the fresh gas inlet of a manual respirator. Note 2: The ventilation system usually extends to the port where the mixed gas is discharged to the atmosphere or to the anesthetic gas purification system, such as the open end of the APL valve or T-piece. NOTE 3: The arrangement of the system and the method of use that affects the composition of the inhaled gas mixture. NOTE 4: A dedicated gas channel connected to an anesthetic gas scavenging system is not part of the ventilation system. NOTE 5: It is not possible to completely eliminate the ambiguity in the definition of the term "ventilation system". When this term appears in standards, documents or other scientific publications, a more precise explanation will be given, and the limitations and structure of the "ventilation system" involved should be clearly defined. 4.1.2
breathing tube
Non-rigid conduit used to transfer gases and/or vapours between components of a ventilation system. 4.1.3
Anesthetic reservoir
anaesthetic reservoir bag
A container in which gas can be stored, which is a component of a ventilation system. 4.1.4
rebreathing
rebreathing
The exhaled gas mixture that may or may not have been cleaned of carbon dioxide is re-inhaled. 4.1.5
Eapparatus dead space
Apparatus dead space
The volume of exhaled gas retained in the breathing system of an apparatus, which is re-inhaled without changing its composition. 4.1.6
Breathing attachmentbreathing attachmentA device intended to form part of a ventilation system. 4.1.7
Fresh-gas supply tubeFresh-gas supply tubeA tube that delivers fresh gas to the fresh-gas inlet of an anesthetic ventilation system. 4.1.8
Draw-overvaporizerA vaporizer that can be used in a ventilation system or alone. It can use the patient's inspiration or mechanical devices to make the outlet pressure of the vaporizer lower than the inlet pressure, thereby producing a flow of mixed vapor. Note: Air or oxygen-enriched air is often used as the carrier gas. 4.1.9
Circle breathing systemA breathing system is a breathing system in which gas flows in one direction through the inhalation and exhalation channels, and the two channels form a circuit. Usually the system is equipped with a 113
Pressure hindrance
The situation in which the airway pressure of a spontaneously breathing patient is greater during the expiratory phase than during the inspiratory phase. Note: The pressure hindrance is caused by the pressure generated by the respiratory device, not by the resistance formed by the respiratory system of the respiratory device. 3.5.4
Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation, SIMVIntermittent mandatory ventilation that starts mandatory breathing only when the patient's spontaneous breathing shows a specific condition. For example: the inspiratory flow is greater than a certain limit value; the expiratory flow is greater than a certain limit value. 3.5.5
Predetermined minute volume, MMVThe minute ventilation is balanced by the ventilator to keep it at a preset level only when the patient is able to breathe spontaneously to a certain extent. 3.5.6
(Respiratory device) sigh (ventilator) Intentionally increase the tidal volume every other breath or several breaths. 3.5.7
triggering
The initiation of a controlled or forced inspiratory phase by the inspiration of the patient. 3.5.7.1
triggering differential pressure,AprrThe change in pressure at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.2
triggering flow,Vrr
The flow at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.3
triggering pressure,PrrThe pressure at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.4
triggering rate of change of pressure,prrThe rate of change of pressure at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.5
triggering response time,fTThe time from the achievement of the required triggering pressure, flow or volume until the onset of inspiratory flow. 3.5.7.6
triggering volume
Volume displacement at the patient connection port required for triggering. 10
4 Ventilation system
4.1 General terms and classification
Ventilation system
GB/T 4999--2003/ISO 4135:2001 The inhalation and exhalation passage through which gas passes under respiratory pressure between the fresh gas inlet, the patient connection port and the exhaust valve or exhaust port.
Note 1: In practice, the ventilation system usually extends from: a) the gas supply port for mixed gases, such as the fresh gas outlet of an anaesthesia machine. In some cases, especially for ventilators, this port may be located in a part of the equipment and cannot be confused with other installed connection ports, such as on the housing of the equipment. Or b) the fresh gas inlet of a circulation system, such as a ventilator, T-piece, etc. Or c) the fresh gas inlet of a manual ventilator. NOTE 2 The ventilation system usually extends to a port for exhausting the gas mixture to the atmosphere or to an anesthetic gas scavenging system, such as an APL valve or the open end of a T-piece. NOTE 3 The arrangement of the system and the method of use that influences the composition of the inhaled gas mixture. NOTE 4 The dedicated gas channel connected to the anesthetic gas scavenging system is not part of the ventilation system. NOTE 5 It is not possible to completely eliminate the ambiguity in the definition of the term "ventilation system". When this term appears in standards, documents or other scientific publications, a more precise explanation will be given, and the limitations and structure of the "ventilation system" involved should be clearly defined. 4.1.2
breathing tube
A non-rigid conduit used to transfer gases and/or vapours between components of a ventilation system. 4.1.3
anaesthetic reservoir bag
A container that can store gas and is a component of a ventilation system. 4.1.4
rebreathing
rebreathing
rebreathing of exhaled mixed gases which may or may not have been cleared of carbon dioxide. 4.1.5
Eapparatus dead space
the volume of exhaled gases trapped in the breathing system of an apparatus which are rebreathed without changing their composition. 4.1.6
breathing attachmenta device intended to form part of a ventilation system. 4.1.7
fresh-gas supply tubea tube for delivering fresh gas to the fresh-gas inlet of an anaesthesia ventilation system. 4.1.8
draw-overvaporizera vaporizer which may be used in a ventilation system or alone and which uses the patient's inspiration or a mechanical device to make the outlet pressure of the vaporizer lower than the inlet pressure, thereby producing a flow of mixed vapour. Note: Air or oxygen-enriched air is often used as the carrier gas. 4.1.9
Circle breathing system The breathing system is a system in which the gas flows in one direction through the inhalation and exhalation channels, and the two channels form a circuit. Usually, the system is equipped with a 113
Pressure hindrance
The situation in which the airway pressure of a spontaneously breathing patient is greater during the expiratory phase than during the inspiratory phase. Note: The pressure hindrance is caused by the pressure generated by the respiratory device, not by the resistance formed by the respiratory system of the respiratory device. 3.5.4
Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation, SIMVIntermittent mandatory ventilation that starts mandatory breathing only when the patient's spontaneous breathing shows a specific condition. For example: the inspiratory flow is greater than a certain limit value; the expiratory flow is greater than a certain limit value. 3.5.5
Predetermined minute volume, MMVThe minute ventilation is balanced by the ventilator to keep it at a preset level only when the patient is able to breathe spontaneously to a certain extent. 3.5.6
(Respiratory device) sigh (ventilator) Intentionally increase the tidal volume every other breath or several breaths. 3.5.7
triggeringbzxZ.net
The initiation of a controlled or forced inspiratory phase by the inspiration of the patient. 3.5.7.1
triggering differential pressure,AprrThe change in pressure at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.2
triggering flow,Vrr
The flow at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.3
triggering pressure,PrrThe pressure at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.4
triggering rate of change of pressure,prrThe rate of change of pressure at the patient port required for triggering. 3.5.7.5
triggering response time,fTThe time from the achievement of the required triggering pressure, flow or volume until the onset of inspiratory flow. 3.5.7.6
triggering volume
Volume displacement at the patient connection port required for triggering. 10
4 Ventilation system
4.1 General terms and classification
Ventilation system
GB/T 4999--2003/ISO 4135:2001 The inhalation and exhalation passage through which gas passes under respiratory pressure between the fresh gas inlet, the patient connection port and the exhaust valve or exhaust port.
Note 1: In practice, the ventilation system usually extends from: a) the gas supply port for mixed gases, such as the fresh gas outlet of an anaesthesia machine. In some cases, especially for ventilators, this port may be located in a part of the equipment and cannot be confused with other installed connection ports, such as on the housing of the equipment. Or b) the fresh gas inlet of a circulation system, such as a ventilator, T-piece, etc. Or c) the fresh gas inlet of a manual ventilator. NOTE 2 The ventilation system usually extends to a port for exhausting the gas mixture to the atmosphere or to an anesthetic gas scavenging system, such as an APL valve or the open end of a T-piece. NOTE 3 The arrangement of the system and the method of use that influences the composition of the inhaled gas mixture. NOTE 4 The dedicated gas channel connected to the anesthetic gas scavenging system is not part of the ventilation system. NOTE 5 It is not possible to completely eliminate the ambiguity in the definition of the term "ventilation system". When this term appears in standards, documents or other scientific publications, a more precise explanation will be given, and the limitations and structure of the "ventilation system" involved should be clearly defined. 4.1.2
breathing tube
A non-rigid conduit used to transfer gases and/or vapours between components of a ventilation system. 4.1.3
anaesthetic reservoir bag
A container that can store gas and is a component of a ventilation system. 4.1.4
rebreathing
rebreathing
rebreathing of exhaled mixed gases which may or may not have been cleared of carbon dioxide. 4.1.5
Eapparatus dead space
the volume of exhaled gases trapped in the breathing system of an apparatus which are rebreathed without changing their composition. 4.1.6
breathing attachmenta device intended to form part of a ventilation system. 4.1.7
fresh-gas supply tubea tube for delivering fresh gas to the fresh-gas inlet of an anaesthesia ventilation system. 4.1.8
draw-overvaporizera vaporizer which may be used in a ventilation system or alone and which uses the patient's inspiration or a mechanical device to make the outlet pressure of the vaporizer lower than the inlet pressure, thereby producing a flow of mixed vapour. Note: Air or oxygen-enriched air is often used as the carrier gas. 4.1.9
Circle breathing system The breathing system is a system in which the gas flows in one direction through the inhalation and exhalation channels, and the two channels form a circuit. Usually, the system is equipped with a 112001The inhalation and exhalation passage of gases under respiratory pressure between the fresh gas inlet, the patient connection port and the exhaust valve or exhaust port.
Note 1: In practice, the ventilation system usually extends from: a) the gas supply port of the mixed gas, such as the fresh gas outlet of an anaesthesia machine. In some cases, especially ventilators, this port may be located in a part of the equipment and cannot be confused with other connection ports installed, such as on the housing of the equipment. Or b) the fresh gas inlet of a circulation system, such as a ventilator, T-piece, etc. Or c) the fresh gas inlet of a manual respirator. Note 2: The ventilation system usually extends to the port for exhausting the mixed gas to the atmosphere or to the open end of the anesthetic gas scavenging system, such as an APL valve or T-piece. Note 3: The arrangement of the system and the method of use affect the composition of the inhaled gas mixture. Note 4: The dedicated gas channel connected to the anesthetic gas scavenging system is not part of the ventilation system. Note 5: It is impossible to completely eliminate the ambiguity in the definition of the term "ventilation system". When this term appears in standards, documents or other scientific publications, a more precise explanation will be given, and the limits and structure of the "ventilation system" involved should be clearly defined. 4.1.2
breathing tube
Non-rigid conduit used to transfer gases and/or vapours between components of a ventilation system. 4.1.3
anaesthetic reservoir bag
a container in which gases can be stored, which is a component of a ventilation system. 4.1.4
rebreathing
rebreathing
rebreathing
rebreathing of exhaled gas mixture which may or may not have been cleared of carbon dioxide. 4.1.5
Eapparatus dead space
The volume of exhaled gas retained in the breathing system of an apparatus, which is rebreathed without changing its composition. 4.1.6
Breathing attachment: A device intended to form part of a ventilation system. 4.1.7
Fresh-gas supply tube: A tube that delivers fresh gas to the fresh-gas inlet of an anesthetic ventilation system. 4.1.8
Draw-overvaporizer: A vaporizer that can be used in a ventilation system or alone. It can use the patient's inhalation or mechanical devices to make the outlet pressure of the vaporizer lower than the inlet pressure, thereby generating a flow of mixed vapor. Note: Air or oxygen-enriched air is often used as the carrier gas. 4.1.9
Circle breathing system: A breathing system in which gas flows in one direction through the inhalation and exhalation channels, and the two channels form a circuit. Usually, the system is equipped with a 112001The inhalation and exhalation passage of gases under respiratory pressure between the fresh gas inlet, the patient connection port and the exhaust valve or exhaust port.
Note 1: In practice, the ventilation system usually extends from: a) the gas supply port of the mixed gas, such as the fresh gas outlet of an anaesthesia machine. In some cases, especially ventilators, this port may be located in a part of the equipment and cannot be confused with other connection ports installed, such as on the housing of the equipment. Or b) the fresh gas inlet of a circulation system, such as a ventilator, T-piece, etc. Or c) the fresh gas inlet of a manual respirator. Note 2: The ventilation system usually extends to the port for exhausting the mixed gas to the atmosphere or to the open end of the anesthetic gas scavenging system, such as an APL valve or T-piece. Note 3: The arrangement of the system and the method of use affect the composition of the inhaled gas mixture. Note 4: The dedicated gas channel connected to the anesthetic gas scavenging system is not part of the ventilation system. Note 5: It is impossible to completely eliminate the ambiguity in the definition of the term "ventilation system". When this term appears in standards, documents or other scientific publications, a more precise explanation will be given, and the limits and structure of the "ventilation system" involved should be clearly defined. 4.1.2
breathing tube
Non-rigid conduit used to transfer gases and/or vapours between components of a ventilation system. 4.1.3
anaesthetic reservoir bag
a container in which gases can be stored, which is a component of a ventilation system. 4.1.4
rebreathing
rebreathing
rebreathing
rebreathing of exhaled gas mixture which may or may not have been cleared of carbon dioxide. 4.1.5
Eapparatus dead space
The volume of exhaled gas retained in the breathing system of an apparatus, which is rebreathed without changing its composition. 4.1.6
Breathing attachment: A device intended to form part of a ventilation system. 4.1.7
Fresh-gas supply tube: A tube that delivers fresh gas to the fresh-gas inlet of an anesthetic ventilation system. 4.1.8
Draw-overvaporizer: A vaporizer that can be used in a ventilation system or alone. It can use the patient's inhalation or mechanical devices to make the outlet pressure of the vaporizer lower than the inlet pressure, thereby generating a flow of mixed vapor. Note: Air or oxygen-enriched air is often used as the carrier gas. 4.1.9
Circle breathing system: A breathing system in which gas flows in one direction through the inhalation and exhalation channels, and the two channels form a circuit. Usually, the system is equipped with a 11
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