SY/T 10034-2000 Recommended practices for fire prevention and firefighting on open offshore production platforms
Some standard content:
ICS75020
Registration No.: 6956—2000
People's Republic of China Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Standard SY/T 10034--2000
Replaces SY/T4810—92
idt API RP 14G: 1993
Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Controlon Open Type Offshore Production Platforms2000-04-10 Issued
State Administration of Petroleum and Chemical Industry
Implemented on 2000-10-01
SY/T 10034—2000
API Foreword
Policy Statement
Abbreviations
Chapter 1 General Principles·
Scope
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Industrial Codes, Standards and Recommended Practices
Fuel and Ignition Sources·
Ignition Sources
Fire Prevention Measures,
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Equipment Design
Operating Procedures
Fire Detection and Alarm
Overview,
Fire Detection
Alarm Systems
Fire fighting water and fire fighting system
Foam fire fighting system
T powder fire fighting system
Gas fire fighting system
5.6 Manual fire fighting system
Chapter 6
Automatic fire fighting system
Emergency decompression
Portable fire fighting core
6.2 Arrangement of fire extinguishers
Refilling
Chapter 7 Inspection and maintenance
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Fire fighting water pump
Fire fighting hose, spray gun and fire fighting monitor
Drench and sprinkler|| tt||Fixed dry powder extinguishing
Gas fire extinguishing system
Portable fire extinguisher
Fire system
Fire and gas detectors and conventional alarm facilities
Personnel safety and safety education
Personnel safety
Personnel safety education
Passive fire protection
9.2 Application
9.3 Fireproof materials
Appendix A (Appendix to the standard)
Appendix B (Appendix to the standard)
Appendix C (Appendix to the standard)
Appendix D (Appendix to the standard)||t t||Appendix E (Appendix to the standard)
Appendix F (Appendix to the standard)
Fire detection sensors
Types and specifications of fire extinguishers
Hydraulic pressure test cycle of portable fire extinguishers
Selection of fire hose materials
Precautions for pressure reduction design
Passive fire protection
SY/T10034—2000
In order to meet the needs of my country's offshore oil and gas resource development and to keep pace with the international standards as soon as possible, China National Offshore Oil Corporation adopts the 1993 edition of API RP14G of the American Petroleum Institute, and revise the offshore oil and gas industry standard SY/T4810-92 Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Open Type Offshore Production Platforms, which was compiled by adopting the 1986 edition of API RP14G of the American Petroleum Institute. According to the regulations of the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision of China on the numbering of offshore oil and gas industry standards, the numbering of this standard is changed to SY/T10034-2000. When designing, constructing and using this standard for offshore oil and gas development projects, factors such as the laws, regulations and provisions of the government or other competent authorities of the country where the original standard is formulated should be considered. The data or quantitative calculation methods of environmental conditions such as wind, waves, currents, ice, temperature, earthquakes, etc. in the original standard can be used as a reference if they are in line with my country's actual situation. Otherwise, the data and quantitative calculation methods that meet my country's environmental conditions should be studied and used. Because it is equivalent to the API standard, for ease of use, the chapter arrangement, typesetting format and text structure of this standard are consistent with the original text. In order not to change the shape characteristics, constants and coefficients of the formulas and curves in the original standard, the original English units are still used. The measurement units of this standard are mainly metric units (i.e. my country's legal measurement units). That is, the metric units are in front, and the English units and corresponding values are marked in brackets after them.
, which is more comprehensive and reasonable in content and structure. The main changes are as follows: Compared with the previous version (1986 version), this standard has added a lot of content about fire detectors in Chapter 4 "Fire Detection and Alarm" ● The content and structure of Chapter 5 "Fire Protection" have been adjusted, and three sections "Manual Fire Protection System Decompression" have been added;
, "Automatic Fire Protection System" and "Emergency
Chapter 9 "Passive Fire Protection" and Appendix D "Selection of Fire Hose Materials" Appendix E "Precautions for Emergency Decompression Design" and Appendix F "Passive Fire Protection" have been added;
In addition, some chapters have been revised. Major revisions have been made, and some chapters have also been slightly edited. It was issued on April 10, 2000 and implemented on October 1, 2000. This standard was issued on April 10, 2000. Appendices A, B, C, D, E and F of this standard are all appendices of the standard. This standard was proposed and managed by China National Offshore Oil Corporation. Drafting unit of this standard: China National Offshore Oil Production Research Center. Main drafter of this standard: Xie Min. Chief reviewer of this standard: Qiu Li. SY/T 10034--2000
API Foreword
This Recommended Practice (IP) is administered by the Offshore Safety and Pollution Prevention Equipment Standardization Committee (OSAPE) of the American Petroleum Institute (AHI). It was developed under the guidance of the API Offshore Operations Committee (OOC) and the Western Oil and Gas Association (WOGA). Operations on offshore platforms must be conducted with the safety of personnel and property and environmental protection in mind. The design of process systems and operating methods must take into account the prevention of inadvertent release of hydrocarbons into the atmosphere and the resulting hydrocarbon emissions. In short, the possibility of the above situations must be considered, and measures must be taken not only to prevent fires, but also to control them when they occur. In this recommended practice, the conversion between English units and metric units (SI) is shown in brackets. Example: 6in (15.4rmm): In this recommended practice, English units are preferred in all cases and are used as the standard. Purchased products should be marked in English units unless there is an agreement to the contrary between the buyer and the manufacturer. The conversion factors between English and metric units are based on API Publicaton 2564 shall prevail and is listed as follows:
1 inch (n) = 25.4 mm (nm) Exact value 1 foot () = 0.3048 meter (m)
1 pound per square inch (psi) = 0.06894757 bar (Bar) Y: 1 bar = 100 kPa
The following is the formula for converting Fahrenheit (\F) to Celsius (C) C= (F—32)5/)
1 gallon/minute.square foot (/) = 40.746 liters/minute·square meter ([/min.m)1 gallon/minute (gm) = 0.6309020 cubic decimeter/second (dm/)Area
1 square foot (f) = 0.0929304 square meters (m)Mass
1 pound (1b) = 0.4535924 kilograms (kg)Power (electricity)
1 horsepower (HP) = 0.746 kilowatts (kW)
1 gallon = 3.785412 liters (L)
API Standardization Committee on Safety and Pollution Prevention Equipment (OSAPE) covers the following scope: AFI safety and pollution prevention equipment and system standards and recommended practices apply to offshore oil and gas production, and focus on manufacturing, equipment testing and system analysis methods that are compatible with these standards. API OSAPE Committee also developed and published the following standards: Spex:14A Specification for Subsurface Safety Valve Equlpment RP14B Recommended Practice for Lesign, Ln-stallation. Repair. and Operation of Subsurface Safety Valve Systems RP14C Recommended Practice for Analysis, Design, Installation, and Testing of Basic Safety Systems on Offshore Production Platfoms SPEC14D Specification for Wellhead Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves for Offshore Service RP14F Recommended Practice for Design and Installation of Electrical Systems for Offshore Production Platforms RP14G Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Open Type Offshore Production Platforms RP14H Recommended Practice for Use of Surfare Safely Valves and Underwaterety Valves RP14J Recommended Practice for Design and Hazards Analysis for Offshore Production Facilities This is the third edition of this specification and it supersedes all previously issued editions. It incorporates those revisions from the second edition of May 1986 that were approved by letter ballot. This specification will be effective from the date printed on the cover but may be used on a voluntary basis from the date of distribution. The address of the department is: Exploration & Production Department, American Petroleum Institute 700 N. Pearl St., Suite 1840, Dallas, TX 75201-2845. S
SY/T10034—2000
Policy Statement
API publications are only for general issues. When it comes to specific issues, local, state and federal laws and regulations should be consulted.
API does not assume the obligation of employers, manufacturers or suppliers to warn, properly train or equip their employees and other personnel in hazardous areas of health and safety risks and preventive measures, nor does it assume their local, state or federal legal responsibilities. The content of any API publication cannot be interpreted as granting any right, implicitly or otherwise, to manufacture, sell or use any method, device or product covered by any patent certificate. Nothing in this publication can be interpreted as relieving anyone of liability for infringement of patent rights.
Normally, API standards are reviewed and revised, requalified, or withdrawn at least every five years. Occasionally, this review period may be extended once, for a maximum of two years. This publication shall remain in effect for no more than five years from the date of publication as an active API standard unless an extension of validity is authorized by republication. The status of this publication may be obtained from API Development and Production (telephone 214-953-1101). API 1220 LST., NW,
Washington, DC 20005 (telephone 202-682-8035)] The API Catalog of Publications and Materials is published annually and updated quarterly. The American Petroleum Institute (API) Recommended Practices are published to facilitate the broad dissemination of proven good engineering and operating practices. These recommended practices are not intended to obviate the need for proper judgment as to when and where the recommended practices should be applied. The development and publication of API recommended practices is not intended to prohibit anyone from adopting other practices. Any recommended practice is available for use by anyone who wishes to adopt it. API has made unremitting efforts to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained therein. However, the Society makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee with respect to any recommended practice published and specifically disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from the use of such recommended practices, for any violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation that may occur as a result of the use of any API specification that may conflict with such regulations, or for any patent infringement resulting from the use of API recommended practices. S
Standard of the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry of the People's Republic of China
Recomrrended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Open Type Offshore Pruduction PlatformsDefinition
Flammable (C.omhushble): Capable of burningFlammable liquid (Comhustihble Liquid): Liquid with a flash point greater than or equal to 37.8℃ (100\F): Combustible liquids can be divided into the following categories:
Class I Combustible Liquid: Flash point greater than or equal to 37.8℃ (100\F), but less than 60% (140\F)Class IIA Combustible Liquid: Flash point greater than or equal to 60℃ (140T), but less than 93 (200F):Class IIB Combustible Liquid: Flash point greater than or equal to 93C (200T): (See NFPA No.30) Combustion (Conthustion): The oxidation process of a substance accompanied by the generation of heat and flame. SY/T 10034---2000
Replaces SY/T4810D-92
idt API RP 14G: 1993
Enclosed Area: A two-dimensional space with more than 2/3 of the outer surface surrounded by a plane that can play a protective role and enough space for people to enter. For general buildings, an enclosed area is more than 2/3 of the outer surface surrounded by walls, ceilings and (or) floors
Fire: A burning phenomenon that occurs by light, flames and heat. Fire Prevention (Active): A fire prevention system or component that needs to be activated by a manual or automatic fire detection system to produce a corresponding action.
Passive Fire Prevention (Passive): When a fire occurs, a fire prevention system or component that plays a non-active role in protecting people and property by relying on its inherent characteristics. Passive fire protection does not require personnel, equipment or other facilities to work. Flammable: easy to ignite, burn intensely or have rapid flame spread. Flammability (explosion) limit [Flammahle (Fixplosiwe) Limits]: In a mixture of flammable gas and air, the upper and lower limits of the concentration of flammable gas that can cause the mixture to burn. (See VFPANo, 325M.) Flammable liquid: A liquid with a flash point lower than 37.8 (100°) and a saturated vapor pressure of no more than 40 pounds per square inch (276Pa) at 37.8℃ (100°). Flammable liquids (Class 1) are further divided into LA, IB and IIC. (See VFPAN) 30.) Flash Point: refers to the lowest temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid just causes a flammable mixture to reach its lower flammable limit. Fuel: a substance that burns. Ignition: causes combustion:
Flammable (Combustible) Mixture: a mixture of flammable gas and air that can be ignited by an open flame, electric arc or electric spark, or when the operating temperature of the equipment is greater than its ignition temperature. Reference \ Combustion (Explosion) Limits" Ignition Source: The temperature and energy required to cause combustion Manned Platform (Manned Platform) Ilatfoum): A platform with on-duty personnel stationed for more than 12 hours a day. Open-type platform: A platform with sufficient natural ventilation to minimize the accumulation of gaseous substances. Approved by the State Administration of Petroleum and Chemical Industry on April 10, 2000 and implemented on October 1, 2000
SY/T10034—2000
Primary Means of Escape: Fixed inclined ladders or fixed vertical ladders of non-flammable structures. Secondary Means of Escape: Fixed inclined ladders or vertical ladders of non-flammable structures, or light soft ladders, soft ropes with rope structures, and other appropriate facilities.
Station Bill: A posted station bill that specifies the specific positions and responsibilities of each person on a manned platform in emergency situations, including fire.
Adequate Ventilation: Ventilation (natural or human) is sufficient to prevent the effective accumulation of flammable gas mixtures and to keep the concentration of flammable gases below 25% of the lower flammable (explosive) limit (LFL). Inadequate Ventilation: Ventilation does not meet the standards for adequate ventilation. S
American National Standards Institute
American Petroleum
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
American Society for Testing and Materials
Federal Regulations and Standards
(USA)Department of Transportation
Emergency Shutdown
Infrared
Lower Flammable Limits
Motor Control Center
Mineral Management Services
Mobile Offshore Drilling Units
(USA)National Electrical Code
(USA)National Fire Code
(USA)National Fire Protection Association
Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratories
Navigation and Inspection Notices
Offshore Workers' Committee
Offshore Safety and Anti-Pollution EquipmentbZxz.net
Process and Instrumentation Diagrams
Process Flow Diagrams
Recommended Practices
International System of Units
Tension Leg Platform
Temperature Safety Factors
Underwriters Laboratories
U.S. Coast Guard
Ultraviolet
Western States Petroleum Association
SY/T10034—2000
Abbreviations
1.1 Introduction
SY/T10034—2000
Chapter 1 General
Over the years, the Shishan Industry has developed a number of documents that reflect industry knowledge and experience in all aspects of oil and gas production operations. As a continuation of these efforts, this recommended practice provides guidance on the design, inspection and maintenance of fire protection systems on open offshore platforms and on minimizing the possibility of fire accidents. The application of these practices, combined with the proper design, operation and maintenance of the entire production equipment, will provide adequate protection against the threat of fire.
12 Scope
This recommended practice provides recommendations for the design, inspection, and maintenance of fire protection systems and for minimizing the likelihood of accidental fires. It emphasizes the need to train personnel in fire protection, conduct regular drills, and develop safe escape methods: The fire protection systems discussed in this recommended practice are intended to respond to fires and prevent their spread. However, this discussion is intended to exclude the use of a broader range of practices to suit special circumstances or to substitute other equivalent or higher protection systems. This recommended practice is applicable to fixed open offshore production platforms installed in moderate climates, which have adequate natural ventilation to minimize vapor phase accumulation. Enclosed areas such as living quarters and confined equipment areas that are usually installed on such platforms are also discussed. Platforms installed under extreme conditions or that are fully enclosed for other reasons are beyond the scope of this recommended practice. 13 Industry Regulations, Standards and Recommended Practices Various organizations have developed a number of standards, regulations, specifications and recommended practices that are generally recognized by governments and industry: The following publications may be of interest to those who design, install and operate fire protection systems on offshore platforms. The latest edition of this publication should also be taken into account. The reader acknowledges that some parts of these publications are not fully applicable to offshore operations. 1. APIRP14C Recommended Practice for Analysis, Design, Installation and Testing of Safety Systems for Offshore Production Platforms: Surfactant: Sufety Systems for Offshore Production Platforms 2. IRP14E Recommended Practice for Design and Installation of Offshore Production Platform Piping Systems 3. IRP14F Recommended Practice for Design and Installation of Electrical Systems for Offshore Production Platforms 4. APIRP14J "Recommended Practice for the Design and Hazard Analysis of Offshore Production Facilities" (Recmmmenrded Fra-Lice for the sign and hazard analysis, analysis of 1s for Offshorr Prnrlhuictinn Facilities) 5, APIRP500 "Recommended Practice for Classification of Petroleum Installations for Petroleum Facilities" (Recmmmendecd Prac:ticxJur.la-sificatiur:ofIina-lions For Fleclrcal Installations in Pelnoleum F'aceililires). 6. APIRPT-1 "Recommended Practice for Safety Education of Personnel Going (Offshwre for the First Time)" (Recmmended Practice for Orgarurat:onP'mgramfox Personnel Going (Offshwre for the First Time) .7, 4PIRP520 "Recommended Practice for Sizing, Selection and Installation of Pressure Relief Bolts" (Sizing, Selerinoni, and Installation of Pressure Relief Bolts) -FRelicyung Devices in Refineres)8.APIHP521《Guide to Pressure Relief and Pressure Relief Systems》9、APIRP2003《Measures to Prevent Static Electricity, Lightning and Stray Currents from Combustion》10.API Publication 2030 Application of Waterspray Systems for Fire Protection l: API Publication 2218 Fireproofing Practices for Petroleum and Fetnoxcheru-cal Plants b. National Fire Protection Association (VEPA) 1. National Fire Prevention Regulations 2. Fire Prevention Handbook 4 2.1 Overview SY/T 10034—2000 Chapter 2 Fuel and Ignition Source A basic element that must be present for a fire to occur: fuel, air (oxygen) and an ignition source. Fire prevention measures mainly include identifying, removing or separating these basic elements.
22 Fuel
Fuel can be conveniently classified according to the type of fire produced when the burning or potentially burning material burns. In order to use fire extinguishers appropriately for different types of fire, the National Fire Protection Association (NIPA) of the United States has classified fires as follows: a Class A fire
Class A fire refers to the fire of ordinary combustible materials, such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber and various plastics: On offshore platforms, such materials are commonly seen as follows: (1) Building materials and supplies - wooden deck frames and skid pads, packaging boxes and fiber ropes. ②; Working materials and supplies - cleaning cloths and canvas. (3) Waste paper and cloth
b Class B fire
Class B fire refers to the fire of flammable liquids, gases and fats: Such materials are commonly seen on offshore platforms as follows: (1) Production fluids - oil and condensate sleeves, natural gas and vaporized gas, and residual oil of produced or stored hydrocarbons. (2) Construction materials and supplies - paint, welding and cutting H gas (3) Working materials and supplies - heat transfer fluids, ethylene glycol, power fluids, lubricants and fuels, (4) Others - cleaning agents, food oils and greases. Class C fires
Class C fires are fires of energized electrical equipment: in this case, the non-conductivity of the extinguishing agent is very important. When the electrical equipment is de-energized, the fire becomes a Class A fire or a Class B fire.
Class D fires
Class D fires are fires of combustible metals such as magnesium, zirconium, sodium and potassium. Fire, 23 ignition sources
When the heat generated is sufficient to cause combustion, ignition will occur and even combustion will occur. For a specific ignition source, the factors that affect combustion are temperature, exposure time and energy: Common ignition sources in offshore platform operations are as follows: Chemical reactions
Chemical reactions can generate heat, which can ignite objects or products involved in the chemical reaction, or nearby materials: Chemical reactions that may occur on offshore platforms are sufficient to cause spontaneous combustion:
Facilities that produce large amounts of xenon sulfide will produce decay products sulfur Iron sulfide. When iron sulfide is exposed to air, it may become a source of heat and fire due to spontaneous combustion.
h. Electric spark and electric spark
Electric spark is the discharge phenomenon of current passing through the gap between two charged bodies: Although static discharge and electrical sparking are forms of electrical ignition, they are listed as different ignition sources to emphasize their importance. Because the intensity and persistence of the electric spark can produce enough electricity to cause combustion, it can usually ignite a combustible mixture: The arc occurs when the current-carrying circuit is interrupted. Whether it is enough to manually disconnect the switch, or If the contactor or terminal becomes loose due to an accident, or the current-carrying wire is damaged and interrupted, an arc will be formed, which can be regarded as an electric potential. When the contacts are open, the current will continue to flow through the contacts. This charge will pass through a wider gap than when a spark is formed. Therefore, it is more likely to ignite a pair when the switch is opened than when it is closed: the sources of arcing and arc generation are as follows: (1) motors and generators, (2) circuit switches, relays or other arc-starting elements outside normal operating conditions, (3) wire and equipment faults.
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