CJJ 16-1988 Specification for Hydrogeological Survey for Urban Water Supply CJJ16-88
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Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China Standard
Specification for Hydrogeological Investigation of Urban Water Supply
CJJ16—88
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China Standard
Specification for Hydrogeological Investigation of Urban Water Supply
CJJ16—88
Editor Department: Northeast Design Institute of Municipal Engineering of China Approval Department: Construction
Effective Date: January 1988 October 1
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
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Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Notice on the Release of the Ministry Standard "Specifications for Hydrogeological Exploration of Urban Water Supply"
(88) Jianbiaozi No. 30
According to the requirements of (81) Chengkezi No. 15, the "Specifications for Hydrogeological Exploration of Urban Water Supply" compiled by China Municipal Engineering Northeast Design Institute has been reviewed by our ministry and is now approved as a ministry standard with the number CJJ16-88, which will be implemented from October 1, 1988. If you have any questions or comments during the implementation process, please inform the Ministry of Construction Urban Construction Research Institute, the technical unit of this standard, by letter. Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
April 30, 1988
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Symbols and Dimensions
Area of water-bearing section of aquifer
1. Pressure (water level) conductivity
2. Distance from pumping well to straight line boundary
1. Width of calculation section
2. Leakage coefficient
Evaporation of groundwater
Base of natural logarithm
1. Area of aquifer
2. Area of precipitation
Under natural conditions, the area of the groundwater aquifer Thickness 1. Thickness of confined aquifer during pumping test 2. Thickness of unconfined aquifer during pumping test 3. Height of water column in observation hole of unconfined aquifer before precipitation Average value of thickness of unconfined aquifer under natural conditions and during pumping test
Square difference between thickness H of unconfined aquifer under natural conditions and thickness h of unconfined aquifer during pumping test
42=H2—h2
Hydraulic gradient of groundwater
Permeability coefficient of aquifer
Length of filter
Thickness of confined aquifer
Slope at inflection point of curve
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1.Water output
2.Groundwater runoff
3.Precipitation infiltration replenishment
Influence radius
1.Radius of the filter of the pumping test hole
2.Horizontal distance from the center of the pumping hole to any point of the aquiferWater release coefficient of the confined water aquifer
1.Water level drop value
2.Water level recovery value
Maximum water level drop value
Minimum water level drop value
Volume of the aquifer
Groundwater storage capacity
Number of wells
Two consecutive years The difference in groundwater storage on the same day in precipitation
1. Precipitation permeability coefficient
2. The intercept of the s/QQ curve on the ordinate
Water supply of the phreatic aquifer
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
General Provisions·
Survey methods and requirements for general areas·
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Chapter 3
Hydrogeological Surveying and Mapping
Hydrology Geological Exploration
Hydrogeological Drilling
Pumping Test
Groundwater Dynamic Observation
Survey Methods and Requirements for Mining Areas
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Section 6
Chapter 4
Mining Status Survey
Recharge Condition Survey
Groundwater Pollution Survey·
Environmental Geological Survey Related to Groundwater Exploitation·Exploration and Test
Groundwater Dynamic and Equilibrium Observation…
Water Quantity Evaluation
Section 1| |tt||Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Section 6
Evaluation Principles
Determination of Hydrogeological Parameters
Calculation and Determination of Recharge Volume
Calculation of Storage Volume
Calculation and Determination of Allowable Mining Volume
Water Volume and Water Level Forecast
Chapter 5
Water Quality Evaluation
Section 1
Section 2
Electric Power
Evaluation Principles
Evaluation Standards
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Section 3 Evaluation Method
Section 4 Water Quality Prediction
Chapter 6 Rational Utilization and Protection of Groundwater Resources...00006
Section 1 Rational Utilization of Groundwater Resources
Section 2 Protection of Groundwater Resources………·Data Arrangement and Report Writing
Chapter 7
Section 1 Data Arrangement
Section 2 Report Writing
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
Appendix 4
Appendix 5
Appendix 6
Words Used in the Articles of this Code and explanation of terms Classification of complexity of urban water supply hydrogeological survey work
Classification and naming standards of soil
Outline for the preparation of urban water supply hydrogeological survey outline Outline for the preparation of urban water supply hydrogeological survey report...58 Commonly used legends and symbols for urban water supply hydrogeological survey...62 Additional notes
List of the editorial units, participating units and main drafters of this specification
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Chapter 1 General Provisions
Article 1.0.1 Urban water supply hydrogeological survey is the basic work of urban planning, construction and management. The survey work should be carried out under the guidance of the overall urban development plan, with in-depth investigation and research to ensure quality and provide a scientific basis for the rational development, utilization and protection of groundwater.
Article 1.0.2 This specification applies to urban water supply hydrogeological survey.
Article 1.0.3
Hydrogeological surveys for urban water supply shall meet the following requirements:
1. Identify the hydrogeological conditions of the survey area, the exploitation and pollution of groundwater;
2. Evaluate and predict the available and exploitable groundwater resources; 3. Make recommendations on the rational development, utilization and protection of groundwater resources. Article 1.0.4 When the groundwater dynamics in the survey area are mainly controlled by natural factors, the content and workload of the survey work shall comply with the provisions of "Chapter 2: Survey methods and requirements for general areas" of this specification. When the groundwater dynamics in the survey area are mainly controlled by exploitation factors and environmental problems related to groundwater exploitation arise, the content and workload of the survey work shall comply with the provisions of "Chapter 3: Survey methods and requirements for exploitation areas" of this specification in addition to the relevant provisions of Chapter 2. Article 1.0.Article 5 The hydrogeological survey for urban water supply is generally divided into four stages: planning, preliminary survey, detailed survey and exploitation. The work in each survey stage should meet the following requirements: In the planning stage, the regional hydrogeological conditions should be roughly identified, the groundwater resources should be roughly evaluated, and suggestions should be made for the next survey work to provide a basis for the preparation of the city's overall planning or water source construction plan. In the preliminary survey stage, the hydrogeological conditions of the survey area should be basically identified, the water source plan should be proposed and compared and demonstrated, the proposed water source section should be determined, and the groundwater resources should be preliminarily evaluated to provide a basis for the preliminary design of the water source. During the detailed survey stage, the hydrogeological conditions of the proposed water source area should be investigated in detail, a reliable evaluation of groundwater resources should be made, a reasonable groundwater exploitation and utilization plan should be proposed, and the dynamics of groundwater after water source exploitation and its impact on the environment should be predicted, so as to provide a basis for water source technical design or construction drawing design. During the exploitation stage, special investigations and studies should be conducted on the basis of detailed survey data in the exploited area or the built water source area, supplemented by exploration and testing methods when necessary, and groundwater dynamics and equilibrium observations should be conducted to improve the accuracy of groundwater resource evaluation and provide a basis for the reconstruction, expansion or scientific management of groundwater in the water source area.
Article 1.0.6 In the following cases, the survey work can be combined or directly arranged according to the detailed survey requirements during the survey stage.
1. When the hydrogeological conditions are simple and the survey workload is not large or although the conditions are relatively complex, there is only one water source plan; 2. When the water demand is not large and the requirements are easily met; 3. When the water source can be basically determined based on the existing data; 4. When the hydrogeological conditions of the proposed water source are similar to those of the built water source. Article 1.0.7 Hydrogeological surveys for urban water supply can be divided into the following two categories according to the amount of water demand and the complexity of the hydrogeological survey work. 1. Large-scale projects are those that fall into one of the following categories:
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Hydrogeological conditions are simple and the water demand is above 10×10m/d; hydrogeological conditions are medium and the water demand is above 5×10°m/d; hydrogeological conditions are complex and the water demand is above 3×10md. 2. Hydrogeological survey tasks that do not fall into the above categories are small and medium-sized. Article 1.0.8 The complexity of hydrogeological surveys for urban water supply can be divided into three categories: simple, medium and complex according to the geological, geomorphological and hydrogeological conditions. The classification method can be implemented according to the provisions of Appendix 2 "Classification of Complexity of Hydrogeological Surveys for Urban Water Supply". Article 1.0.9 The determination of the scope of investigation should meet the following requirements: 1. In general areas, in the planning stage, it is advisable to include complete hydrogeological units; in the preliminary investigation stage, it should include possible water-rich areas and should reach the aquifer boundary or recharge boundary; in the detailed investigation stage and the exploitation stage, it must include the proposed water source or the built water source and the impact range after exploitation; 2. In the exploitation area, it should include the range of the drop funnel. If the regional water level has been continuously reduced, it is advisable to include all hydrogeological units. Article 1.0.10 After the investigation task is accepted, data should be fully collected, on-site investigation should be carried out, and an investigation outline should be proposed. The content of the investigation outline should meet the requirements of Appendix 4 "Outline for the Preparation of Hydrogeological Investigation Outline for Urban Water Supply". Article 1.0.11 When conducting the investigation work, it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive analysis and research of the data, and try to use new technologies and methods such as remote sensing, isotopes and mathematical models. After the water source is put into production, it is advisable to organize a project return visit to verify the investigation conclusions.
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Chapter 2
Survey methods and requirements for general areas
Section 1 Hydrogeological Surveying and Mapping
I Determination of surveying and mapping work methods and workload
Article 2.1.1 Hydrogeological surveying and mapping should be carried out on the basis of topographic and geological maps with a scale greater than or equal to the surveying and mapping scale. If there are only topographic maps of the above scales but no geological maps, comprehensive geological and hydrogeological surveying and mapping should be carried out.
Article 2.1.2 The scale of hydrogeological surveying and mapping can generally be divided into 1:50000~1:100000 in the planning stage; 1:25000~1:50000 in the preliminary survey stage; and 1:5000~1:25000 in the detailed survey stage. If aerial photographs are used, their scale should be close to the scale of hydrogeological surveying and mapping; if satellite photographs are used, they can be enlarged to 1:500,000 and 1:250,000 based on satellite images. Article 2.1.3 The interpretation methods of aerial and satellite images can be visual interpretation and aerial stereoscope interpretation. If necessary, color synthesis electronic optical interpretation and computer image processing can be used. Indoor image interpretation can be verified by route survey or arranging a small amount of exploration work.
Article 2.1.4 Interpretation of aerial and satellite images should include the following contents: 1. Determine the basic outline of geological structure and traces of new structure, find out exposed and concealed structures and their possibility of being rich in water; 2. Divide geomorphic units, determine their genetic type, morphology and their relationship with underground water distribution; 3. Determine karst morphology and genetic type; 4. Determine the location of springs, spring groups, groundwater overflow zones and surface water seepage zones; 5. Delineate ancient river channels and relatively water-rich areas; 6. Delineate surface water bodies and their pollution range; 7. Delineate the boundary between fresh and salt water.
Article 2.1.5 Hydrogeological surveying and mapping, when conditions permit, may use isotope methods to identify the following issues:
1. Origin, formation and recharge of groundwater; 2. Groundwater age;
3. Groundwater level, velocity and direction; 4. Groundwater pollution scope and pollution pathways. Article 2.1.6
Hydrogeological observation routes should be arranged perpendicular to the rock layers (rock masses), structural lines and along the direction of significant landform changes. Hydrogeological observation points should be arranged at controlling geological, geomorphological and hydrogeological points, artificial groundwater recharge points and pollution points, and where natural geological phenomena develop. Article 2.1.7 The number of observation points and route length per square kilometer in hydrogeological surveying and mapping should comply with the provisions of Table 2.1.7. Number of observation points and route length of hydrogeological survey Geological observation point 9
(number/km2)
Surveying scale
Loose layer area
1:100000
1:50000
1*25000
0.10~0.30
0.30~0.60
0.60~1.80
Bedrock area
0.25~0.75
0.75~2.00
2. 00~4.50
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Hydrogeology
Number of observation points
(points/km2)
0.10~0.25
0.30~0.60
1.00~3.00
Length of observation route
(km/km2)
0.50~1.00
1.00~2.50
2.50~4.50
KAONTKAca=Article 9 The determination of the scope of investigation should meet the following requirements: 1. In general areas, in the planning stage, it is advisable to include complete hydrogeological units; in the preliminary investigation stage, it should include possible water-rich areas and should reach the aquifer boundary or recharge boundary; in the detailed investigation stage and the exploitation stage, it must include the proposed water source or the built water source and the impact range after exploitation; 2. In the exploitation area, it should include the range of the drop funnel. If the regional water level has been continuously reduced, it is advisable to include all hydrogeological units. Article 1.0.10 After the investigation task is accepted, data should be fully collected, on-site investigation should be carried out, and an investigation outline should be proposed. The content of the investigation outline should meet the requirements of Appendix 4 "Outline for the Preparation of Hydrogeological Investigation Outline for Urban Water Supply". Article 1.0.11 When conducting the investigation work, it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive analysis and research of the data, and try to use new technologies and methods such as remote sensing, isotopes and mathematical models. After the water source is put into production, it is advisable to organize a project return visit to verify the investigation conclusions.
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
rkANrKAca
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Chapter 2
Survey methods and requirements for general areas
Section 1 Hydrogeological Surveying and Mapping
I Determination of surveying and mapping work methods and workload
Article 2.1.1 Hydrogeological surveying and mapping should be carried out on the basis of topographic and geological maps with a scale greater than or equal to the surveying and mapping scale. If there are only topographic maps of the above scales but no geological maps, comprehensive geological and hydrogeological surveying and mapping should be carried out.
Article 2.1.2 The scale of hydrogeological surveying and mapping can generally be divided into 1:50000~1:100000 in the planning stage; 1:25000~1:50000 in the preliminary survey stage; and 1:5000~1:25000 in the detailed survey stage. If aerial photographs are used, their scale should be close to the scale of hydrogeological surveying and mapping; if satellite photographs are used, they can be enlarged to 1:500,000 and 1:250,000 based on satellite images. Article 2.1.3 The interpretation methods of aerial and satellite images can be visual interpretation and aerial stereoscope interpretation. If necessary, color synthesis electronic optical interpretation and computer image processing can be used. Indoor image interpretation can be verified by route survey or arranging a small amount of exploration work.
Article 2.1.4 Interpretation of aerial and satellite images should include the following contents: 1. Determine the basic outline of geological structure and traces of new structure, find out exposed and concealed structures and their possibility of being rich in water; 2. Divide geomorphic units, determine their genetic type, morphology and their relationship with underground water distribution; 3. Determine karst morphology and genetic type; 4. Determine the location of springs, spring groups, groundwater overflow zones and surface water seepage zones; 5. Delineate ancient river channels and relatively water-rich areas; 6. Delineate surface water bodies and their pollution range; 7. Delineate the boundary between fresh and salt water.
Article 2.1.5 Hydrogeological surveying and mapping, when conditions permit, may use isotope methods to identify the following issues:
1. Origin, formation and recharge of groundwater; 2. Groundwater age;
3. Groundwater level, velocity and direction; 4. Groundwater pollution scope and pollution pathways. Article 2.1.6
Hydrogeological observation routes should be arranged perpendicular to the rock layers (rock masses), structural lines and along the direction of significant landform changes. Hydrogeological observation points should be arranged at controlling geological, geomorphological and hydrogeological points, artificial groundwater recharge points and pollution points, and where natural geological phenomena develop. Article 2.1.7 The number of observation points and route length per square kilometer in hydrogeological surveying and mapping should comply with the provisions of Table 2.1.7. Number of observation points and route length of hydrogeological survey Geological observation point 9
(number/km2)
Surveying scale
Loose layer area
1:100000
1:50000
1*25000
0.10~0.30
0.30~0.60
0.60~1.80
Bedrock area
0.25~0.75
0.75~2.00
2. 00~4.50
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Hydrogeology
Number of observation points
(points/km2)
0.10~0.25
0.30~0.60
1.00~3.00
Length of observation route
(km/km2)
0.50~1.00
1.00~2.50
2.50~4.50
KAONTKAca=Article 9 The determination of the scope of investigation should meet the following requirements: 1. In general areas, in the planning stage, it is advisable to include complete hydrogeological units; in the preliminary investigation stage, it should include possible water-rich areas and should reach the aquifer boundary or recharge boundary; in the detailed investigation stage and the exploitation stage, it must include the proposed water source or the built water source and the impact range after exploitation; 2. In the exploitation area, it should include the range of the drop funnel. If the regional water level has been continuously reduced, it is advisable to include all hydrogeological units. Article 1.0.10 After the investigation task is accepted, data should be fully collected, on-site investigation should be carried out, and an investigation outline should be proposed. The content of the investigation outline should meet the requirements of Appendix 4 "Outline for the Preparation of Hydrogeological Investigation Outline for Urban Water Supply". Article 1.0.11 When conducting the investigation work, it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive analysis and research of the data, and try to use new technologies and methods such as remote sensing, isotopes and mathematical models. After the water source is put into production, it is advisable to organize a project return visit to verify the investigation conclusions.
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
rkANrKAca
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Chapter 2
Survey methods and requirements for general areas
Section 1 Hydrogeological Surveying and Mapping
I Determination of surveying and mapping work methods and workload
Article 2.1.1 Hydrogeological surveying and mapping should be carried out on the basis of topographic and geological maps with a scale greater than or equal to the surveying and mapping scale. If there are only topographic maps of the above scales but no geological maps, comprehensive geological and hydrogeological surveying and mapping should be carried out.
Article 2.1.2 The scale of hydrogeological surveying and mapping can generally be divided into 1:50000~1:100000 in the planning stage; 1:25000~1:50000 in the preliminary survey stage; and 1:5000~1:25000 in the detailed survey stage. If aerial photographs are used, their scale should be close to the scale of hydrogeological surveying and mapping; if satellite photographs are used, they can be enlarged to 1:500,000 and 1:250,000 based on satellite images. Article 2.1.3 The interpretation methods of aerial and satellite images can be visual interpretation and aerial stereoscope interpretation. If necessary, color synthesis electronic optical interpretation and computer image processing can be used. Indoor image interpretation can be verified by route survey or arranging a small amount of exploration work.
Article 2.1.4 Interpretation of aerial and satellite images should include the following contents: 1. Determine the basic outline of geological structure and traces of new structure, find out exposed and concealed structures and their possibility of being rich in water; 2. Divide geomorphic units, determine their genetic type, morphology and their relationship with underground water distribution; 3. Determine karst morphology and genetic type; 4. Determine the location of springs, spring groups, groundwater overflow zones and surface water seepage zones; 5. Delineate ancient river channels and relatively water-rich areas; 6. Delineate surface water bodies and their pollution range; 7. Delineate the boundary between fresh and salt water.
Article 2.1.5 Hydrogeological surveying and mapping, when conditions permit, may use isotope methods to identify the following issues:
1. Origin, formation and recharge of groundwater; 2. Groundwater age;
3. Groundwater level, velocity and direction; 4. Groundwater pollution scope and pollution pathways. Article 2.1.6
Hydrogeological observation routes should be arranged perpendicular to the rock layers (rock masses), structural lines and along the direction of significant landform changes. Hydrogeological observation points should be arranged at controlling geological, geomorphological and hydrogeological points, artificial groundwater recharge points and pollution points, and where natural geological phenomena develop. Article 2.1.7 The number of observation points and route length per square kilometer in hydrogeological surveying and mapping should comply with the provisions of Table 2.1.7. Number of observation points and route length of hydrogeological survey Geological observation point 9
(number/km2)
Surveying scale
Loose layer area
1:100000
1:50000
1*25000
0.10~0.30
0.30~0.60
0.60~1.80
Bedrock area
0.25~0.75
0.75~2.00
2. 00~4.50
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Hydrogeology
Number of observation points
(points/km2)
0.10~0.25
0.30~0.60
1.00~3.00
Length of observation route
(km/km2)
0.50~1.00
1.00~2.50
2.50~4.50
KAONTKAca=50
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Hydrogeology
Number of observation points
(points/km2)
0.10~0.25
0.30~0.60
1.00~3.00
Length of observation route
(km/km2)
0.50~1.00
1.00~2.50
2.50~4.50
KAONTKAca=50
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Hydrogeology
Number of observation points
(points/km2)
0.10~0.25
0.30~0.60
1.00~3.00bzxZ.net
Length of observation route
(km/km2)
0.50~1.00
1.00~2.50
2.50~4.50
KAONTKAca=
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