This standard specifies the quarantine and identification methods for plants of the genus Cuscuta (Cuscuta L.) in the entry and exit plant quarantine. This standard applies to the quarantine and identification of plants of the genus Cuscuta in seeds for entry and exit, grains (including beans, raw grains and their roughly processed products), tobacco and other plants and plant products for use. SN/T 1385-2004 Quarantine and identification methods for the genus Cuscuta SN/T1385-2004 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the quarantine and identification methods for plants of the genus Cuscuta (Cuscuta L.) in the entry and exit plant quarantine. This standard applies to the quarantine and identification of plants of the genus Cuscuta in seeds for entry and exit, grains (including beans, raw grains and their roughly processed products), tobacco and other plants and plant products for use.

People's Republic of China Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Industry Standard SN/T1385—2004
Methods for quarantine and identification of Cuscrta L2004-06-01 Issued
People's Republic of China
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
2004-12-01 Implementation
Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are informative appendices. This standard is proposed and managed by the National Certification and Accreditation Administration. The drafting unit of this standard: Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China. The main drafters of this standard: Yin Liping, Ye Jun, Song Shaoyi, Yi Jianping, Wu Hong. This standard is the first issued inspection and quarantine industry standard. SN/T1385—2004
SN/T 1385—2004
Allium tuberosum (5aL,) is a kind of malignant pest that can parasitize plants and cause serious economic losses and is difficult to control. Therefore, many countries in the world list it as a pest that prohibits or restricts import. In the list of dangerous diseases, insects and pests for quarantine of imported plants of the People's Republic of China promulgated by the Ministry of Agriculture in 1992, Allium tuberosum was listed as a Class II dangerous non-pest. This genus has many species and a very wide host range. It is distributed in many countries in the world. In order to protect the safety of my country's agricultural production, prevent the spread of bacteria to people and out of the country, and do a good job in inspection and quarantine, this standard is specially formulated.
During the formulation of this standard, reference was made to the methods, materials and research results of identification of Cusrut at home and abroad, and specimens of Cusrut were examined. After investigation, research and comprehensive analysis, this standard was compiled based on the morphological and taxonomic characteristics of Cusrut, the transmission pattern and pathway, and the various technical indicators for identification of Cusrut. 1 Scope
Quarantine and identification methods of Cusrut L.
This standard specifies the quarantine and identification methods of Cusrut L. plants in the quarantine of imported plants. SN/T 1385-2004
This standard applies to the quarantine and identification of Cusrut L. in imported and exported seeds, grains (including beans, raw grains and their processed products), tobacco and other plants and plant products for other purposes. 2 Terms and Definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 2.1 Parasitism Parasitism is the process by which plants complete their life cycle by collecting nutrients from the host. 2.2 Scale Scale is a modified leaflet with a fringed shape at the base of the petals of a sphagnum plant. 2.3 Halo A discolored surface surrounding the hilum, but not clearly forming a ring. 2.4 Hila A mark left on the seed after the seed falls off the stalk when it matures. 2.5 Beak is a black beak-like protuberance or projection. Capsule is formed by two or more carpels fused together, containing multiple seeds. It splits into squares or slits when mature. 3 Principle
The genus Convolvulaceae is an annual herbaceous plant that parasitizes on stems. Therefore, the genus Convolvulaceae is easily spread with the host and its products. In the process of the spread of the genus Convolvulaceae, it mainly exists in the form of plants and seeds: This standard uses the characteristics of the plant and chemical parts of the genus Convolvulaceae, the characteristics of the fruit and the seeds as the basis for identifying the plants of the genus Convolvulaceae. 4 Instruments and equipment
4.1 Stereo microscope, magnifying glass.
4.2 White porcelain plate,
4.3 Electric screen and sieve:
4.3.1 Electric screen: Rotation rate 100 r/min~150r/min + sieve generally uses a mesh screen (true diameter 20 cm + diameter 3.511 and diameter 20 cm. Aperture 2.0 mm).
4.3.2 Sieve: When manually screening samples for inspection, the sieve specifications are 3.5mm, 3.0mm, 2.0mm, 1.5mm1
SV/T 1385-2004
4.4 Dissecting knife, dissecting needle, needle, culture dish, finger tube, wide-mouth bottle, double-sided tape. 4.5 Specimen bottle, label, original record paper, absorbent paper, camphor essence, desiccant, refrigerator, microwave oven. 4.6 Electronic scale, electronic balance.
5 On-site inspection
5, 1 For the on-site quarantine of plant products such as imported and exported seeds and grains, the sieving method can effectively prevent the omission of silkworm seeds. 5.1.1 Use a set of sieves of various specifications with apertures ranging from 1.0mm to 3.5mm. The sieves are arranged from top to bottom according to the aperture size.
5.1.2 Pour the sample into the top grid of the sieve and sieve it thoroughly. Single-column free silk is collected in the sieve with a pore size of 2.0mm to 3.5mm; other waste silk is collected in the sieve with a pore size of less than 1.8mm. 5.1.3 In actual operation, depending on the size of the seeds of the mixed clothing products, the host species of the silk, and other factors, one or two specifications of sieves can be used to screen out the mixed silk seeds.
5.2 During on-site quarantine of tobacco leaves and other model products, check each piece for invalid silk plant bodies or seeds. 6 Laboratory inspection and monitoring identification
6.1 Sample inspection
6.1.1 Sample preparation: Mix the samples to be inspected thoroughly. Determine the number of samples for laboratory inspection according to the type and quantity of the samples. All bulk samples with less than 1.0 kilograms and all samples with less than 10 tins (packs) of branches) shall be inspected. 6.1.2 Weighing samples: weigh and weigh the laboratory inspection and quarantine samples. 6.1.3 Screening samples: pour the samples into an electric sieve or a perforated sieve. When screening samples with an electric sieve, the rotation rate of the electric sieve is 110r/min~150=/min, and each rotation lasts 3min. When screening samples manually with a perforated sieve, depending on the amount of samples, screen the samples in batches, and rotate each sieve 10 to 20 times, and the screening time is 3min. Weigh the sieve and the sieve into a porcelain plate or culture medium respectively, and select the weed seeds. 6.1.4 For tobacco leaves, wood and other products, check each piece and each plant for the presence of fan silk plant bodies and plant body entanglement. 6.2 Identification method
6.2, 1 microscope age: put the selected weed seeds or plant bodies into the culture medium and examine them under a dissecting microscope or a magnifying microscope. 6.2.2 Seed Morphology Inspection
6.2.2.1 Inspect the suspected seeds according to their characteristics (see Appendix A)6.2.2.2 Place the suspected seeds in water and immerse them in a pool for about 0.5 hours (based on swelling). 6.2.2.3 Remove the seed coat and observe that the embryo of the seed is linear, curled two and a half to three times. It has no leaves. 6.3 Identification Characteristics
Purple-red, pale yellow to pink, purple-red. 6.3.2 Flowers
Flowers are small, white or light red: sessile or with short stalks, gathered in spikes, racemes or clusters into heads, with small or no bracts: five to several flowers! The lobes are equal in size, more or less united at the base; the corolla is tubular, pitcher-shaped, globose or campanulate, with five to four lobes: there are scales at the base of the corolla tube, and the edges of the scales are divided and tasseled: the stamens are similar to the corolla lobes, inserted in the corolla throat, alternate with the corolla lobes, often detached, the filaments are short - anthers are introrse, pollen grains are round, without thorns: the ovary is composed of two carpels, the ovary is two-chambered, superior, with two embryos in each chamber: the flowers are completely separate or more or less united, globose or elongated toward the head (see Chapter B.1). 6.3.3 Fruit
The sheath is spherical, oblate or ovate. Sometimes fleshy, circumferentially or irregularly cracked, containing one to four seeds. 6.3.4 Seeds
The seeds are ovate, glabrous, with an inconspicuous beak, and the coat is smooth or rough: the embryo is contained in the fleshy endosperm, linear, disc-shaped or spirally curved. The leaves have no or only small scale-like traces. The seeds of the genus Sperm are generally larger than 2.0mm, with obvious hilum; the seeds of the genus Sperm and the subgenus Sperm are generally smaller than 2.0mm, with obvious umbilical cord and hilum (see Chapter H.2). 7 Result judgment
Those that meet the genus value and fruit identification characteristics of 6.3 can be identified as Sperm. 8
Sample preservation
SN/T 13B5—2004
Samples must be labeled and placed in a constant temperature and humidity place to prevent damage and leakage. The shelf life is six pieces. After the shelf life expires, the samples must be inactivated:
SN/T1385—2004
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Photograph of silk seed
Figure A,1. Seed morphology of F. lucidum
Appendix B
(Porcelain appendix)
Classification retrieval table for the main species of F. lucidum
SV/T 1385—2004|| tt||According to the degree of harm caused by silk species to agricultural and animal husbandry production and the distribution of rabbit silk in China, we selected 15 heavy infant species and made two classifications based on the characteristics of their plants and seeds. Species index: B. 1 Plant classification retrieval table for the main species of Guanzhongzi. Compilation of the plant classification retrieval table, Yuncker's classification processing, based on the number of flowers (one or two), the shape of the stem, and the shape of the stem. Thickness is the main morphological characteristic, and grape silk is divided into three subgenus: Grannicu, single-column Momg, Yiu, and Cusut: combined with other characteristics, the species is determined.
1 Style 2: The flowers are usually clustered into small umbrella-shaped or small umbrella-shaped flowers, with slender tombs 2. Stigma is globular or capitate, not elongated (Sub, Grammea) 3. The back of the calyx lobes is flat and ridgeless: exhausted The lower part of the fruit is surrounded by the surviving corolla. The base of the flower at the nape is split into a deep depression. 4 corolla lobes are rounded at the ends, upright. The crown tube is very small and far away from the stamens. The 4 corolla lobes are sharp at the ends. With reflexion, large-shaped petals, close to the stamens. 5 flower guide lobes form an angular block shape at the junction. The corolla lobes are protruding. The calyx and corolla are not the same as the above...
Nanmingsi Crais
C. pentagond
C. camppris
3 The back of the lobes is slightly interlaced into a keel or has coarse bristles: the two are almost all persistent The corolla is covered with 6 calyx lobes, the back is slightly keel-shaped
6 The flower base and the back of the corolla have papillary or rough bristles 2. The stigma is elongated into a rod-like or short-dimensional shape Sub.Cuscuta) 7. Flowers are general Number of four mountains
8 The pedicel is longer. It is the same length or longer than the flower, and the flower is yellow. 8 The pedicel is thick and short. The flower is white
7 The number of five flowers
9 The flower is usually conspicuous in rows stem
Flowers without seeds
10 stems yellow or light yellow, plantar fruit cover cracked
Steamed light green or red
Chinese Juesizi C.chitretsis|| tt ||大子耀丝子c,inderur
翞苀丝子C.pedicetiata
欧英丝子,eura
thyme xiangxiangzi C,hnzn||tt| |AimafansiziCenm
11 The back of the calyx lobes is obviously ridged, and the end is fleshy: the scales are large, tassel-shaped. Curved inward m cup Ccuputata
11 The back of the calyx lobes is light The spine and the wood end are not fleshy: the lamellae are obviously bilobed, close to the corolla tube: the first fan is dried C, apprueimata
1 Style 1: raceme or continous inflorescence, thick as a string, usually Posted on woody plants (Sul.Motogza) 12. The flowers are smaller, and the corolla is 3mm-4mm long: the flower rail is usually obvious or equal to the stigma. 13. The style is obviously longer than the stigma, and the head is bilobed
14. The flower head is obvious Rows of two lobes
1+stigma capitate and three-lobed
13 style short, about 5mm. The length of the head is equal to that of the head. The stigma is capitate with a shallow crack in the center. Yamamoto japomica| | tt | , non-oblong. Obviously longer than the flower club...Dahua onion efiera
SN/T 1385--2004
B.2 The main species of efiera are searched by species Seeds are inspected according to their seed size, shape, seed surface characteristics and embryo characteristics. 1 The long diameter of the seed is less than 2. 0 mm (Sub. Grammica, Sub. Cuscuta) 2 The long diameter of the seed is less than 1. 0 mm | Oval, the seed coat mesh is not obvious under the electron microscope. 2 seeds are not the above situation
4 seeds often have two consecutive seeds, kidney-shaped
4 seeds are not the above situation||tt| |5 The dead embryo can be coiled for two or three weeks when it emerges
6 The surface of the seed coat has white micro-particles
6 The surface of the seed coat does not have white micro-particles
7 There are two fine lines on the belly of the seed Lateral asymmetry, seed beak is obvious. 7. Seed ventral ridge is symmetrical on both sides, seed grafting is not obvious. 8. Seed eggs are nearly spherical
. 9. Seeds are obovate, and hilum is small. Obvious
8 seeds...the face is round and flat
two weeks of embryonic rolls can be seen during germination
10 seeds have a beak, and the beak is obvious
10 seeds have unclear beaks Shown
11 species with round umbilicus
11 species with round umbilicus
1 species with long diameter greater than 2.5 mm (Sub. Monogyra) and 12 seeds with long diameter between 3.0 mm and 3. 5 mml. Yellow or yellow-brown 13 kinds of round umbilicus
14 The visible umbilical area under the electron microscope is up to 425um
11 The visible squeeze area under the electron microscope is only 225um
13 kinds of fusiform umbilical cord... .·
12 The long diameter of the seeds is 4.0nm~4.5mm, and the faded cup-flowered silkworm C.cuputala
first-shaped silkworm C.apprazimata
flax wafer C. .epilinun
Chinese fan c.ehinensis
nanguan australis
C.indecorz
C. tampestris
C.pentagona
Thyme in C.epithymum
C.europaea
Stem C.pecirellelata| | tt | re flera
References
[1] Fang Ruizheng et al. 1979. Flora of China. 64 (T]: 143-115. Science Mountain Publishing House SN/T1385-2004||tt| | [2] Li Yanghan, Huang Jianzhong. 1986. Investigation on the host species of Japanese F. chrysanthemum F. \j Li Qi. Plant Quarantine. 2:9--1231 Yang Zhiqin, 1986. New higher parasitic plants - Crscna under chrysanthemum L.. Journal of Bayi Agricultural College. 1,7--13_41 Yin Liping, Yan Yushu, 1996. Illustrated Weed Seeds. China Agricultural Press 51 Guo. 1993. Pharmacognosy research on Cooke. Doctoral thesis [6] Jiangsu New Medical College. 1977. Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai People's Publishing House [7] Liu Shen'e. 1936. Botanical map of northern China [8J Cooke.DA and 1. D. Blaek.1987,Biology and control af Cuseura c&mpestris and other Cuscuta spp. :A biolographic review,Dep. of Agri. South Australia Technical Papaer No,l&.[gl Gavil,CM and Larania,S., l98o,Floral anatomy and embryology of one spceies nf Cusru-ta, Proc. ndian Acad. Scei. B. .89,219 228.[lo] Heywool, VH , 197l, Thne characteristics of the scanning electror microscopes and theiriaporlance in biological studies,Scanning Electron Microscopy,Systematic anc Evolutionary Applica-tionsted),4;1-16.
_lll Leroy Home et al. .l?7,A Geographical Altes of Worrll Weel:.A Wiley Interscienec Puls-lication
L1z_ Kttijt,J. 1969, The bioioy ol parasitie flawer:ng plants,Uiniversity nf California Prcsx,Rerkeleylos Angeles.
[i3] Musselman,I.. J. and W. F. MMann,1978,Rpot parasites of sothern fotests+Southerr For.est Experimcnt Station.
_14 Smmith,B. E. +1934,A taxonomic and mo:phologocal study of the genus Cuseuta dodders inNorth Carlinr,J. Elisha Mitchell Sei. Sor, , 50:283 302._157 Tomb.A. s. ,1974,SEM studies of small seeds, The Annual SI:M Symp. (4)8-11.16+ Walls.F. .1962,Todder-...scrious parasitis wecd, The Agrirult:irni Gnze:te.133-13..-177Wolswinkel.P.-19?3,Thedisturbance of the development of broad bean(Vicia iaba L,) andthe setting and growth of pods after infectipon by Cusct:ta:Fxjerimenty ahout translsrution of ssxint.lates, Proc. Fur. Wced Res. Crun. Symp. Parasitic Weeds,1?7-[8?..LJ8 Youne.P. A. .J9a7, The classification of plan:s on the hasis of paresitism.Amer. J. Hot, . l::481-486.bzxZ.net
[I9] Younker, T. G. ,l932. The genus Cuscuta.Memoirs of the torrey botanical club.l8t2): loy331.
[20] Knepper, D. A, el al, 1990.Idenlifyying dodder seed as centaminelts in seed hipinrnlx.SeeelSi. &. Teehrol. 18 :731 741.[21] Lytton I. M...1986, The Gerus Cuxrta in Vginia.CASTANFA 51(3):1S8-l!6.[22. Parker, C.. 199i, P:ntection of erops agairst parasi:ie weed, (rop Protectio-. tl0; ?23.Feb..
[23] Lyshede, B. (. .Seed struc:ure and gerrnir:ation in Luscura pedieellate with some notrs on L.campustris,Nord.J.Bo.(5):563-674.E24J Pazy.B. and Piliunann t., .1ggl.Unusual chrcmosonme separation in meiosis of Cuscuta l..Genome.34:533-536.(rop Protectio-. tl0; ?23.Feb..
[23] Lyshede, B. (. .Seed struc:ure and gerrnir:ation in Luscura pedieellate with some notrs on L.campustris,Nord.J.Bo.(5):563-674.E24J Pazy.B. and Piliunann t., .1ggl.Unusual chrcmosonme separation in meiosis of Cuscuta l..Genome.34:533-536.(rop Protectio-. tl0; ?23.Feb..
[23] Lyshede, B. (. .Seed struc:ure and gerrnir:ation in Luscura pedieellate with some notrs on L.campustris,Nord.J.Bo.(5):563-674.E24J Pazy.B. and Piliunann t., .1ggl.Unusual chrcmosonme separation in meiosis of Cuscuta l..Genome.34:533-536.
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