This standard specifies the diagnostic criteria and treatment principles for occupational acute methanol poisoning. This standard applies to the diagnosis and treatment of occupational acute methanol poisoning. GB 16373-1996 Occupational acute methanol poisoning diagnostic criteria and treatment principles GB16373-1996 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of Chinabzxz.net
Diagnostic criteria and principles of managementof occupational acute methanol poisoningGB 16373-1996
Occupational acute methanol poisoning is a systemic disease caused by exposure to methanol during production or use, with central nervous system damage, eye damage and metabolic acidosis as the main symptoms. 1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the diagnostic criteria and management principles of occupational acute methanol poisoning. This standard applies to the diagnosis and treatment of occupational acute methanol poisoning. 2 Referenced standards
GB 8781 Diagnostic criteria and management principles of occupational acute carbon monoxide poisoning 3 Diagnostic principles
Based on the history of occupational exposure to higher concentrations, after a short incubation period, typical clinical symptoms and signs appear, combined with laboratory tests, comprehensive analysis, and exclusion of other similar diseases, before diagnosis can be made. 4 Diagnosis and classification standards
4.1 Observation subjects
After exposure to methanol, patients develop symptoms such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, blurred vision, and irritation of the eye and upper respiratory tract mucosa, and recover within a short time after leaving the contact.
4.2 Mild poisoning
In addition to the above symptoms, patients with any of the following can be diagnosed as mild poisoning: mild consciousness disorder,
b. Optic disc congestion, optic disc retinal edema, or central or paracentral dark spots in visual field examination; c.
Mild metabolic acidosis.
4.3 Severe poisoning
Severe poisoning can be diagnosed as severe poisoning if any of the following are present: a:
Severe consciousness disorder,
Sharp decrease in vision, even blindness or optic nerve shrinkage; severe metabolic acidosis.
5 Treatment principles
5.1 Immediately leave the scene, decontaminate, and give appropriate supportive treatment and symptomatic treatment. Correct acidosis. Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on May 23, 1996 278
Implementation on December 1, 1996
GB 16373--1996
5. 2 Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis to remove absorbed methanol and its metabolites. Indications for hemodialysis therapy are: a. Blood methanol>15.6 mmol/L or formic acid 4.34 mmol/L; b. Severe metabolic acidosis, c. Severe visual impairment or papillary retinal edema. Work capacity assessment
Mild poisoning can be restored to the original work after recovery. Severe poisoning should be properly handled according to clinical conditions and transferred from harmful work. Health examination requirements
Methanol workers should undergo pre-employment physical examinations and regular physical examinations every two years. The physical examination should include: internal medicine, neurology, ophthalmology and necessary laboratory examinations.
8 Occupational contraindications
Obvious neurological diseases and organic mental illness, retinal and optic neuropathy.
GB16373-1996
Appendix A
Requirements for ophthalmic examination
(Supplement)
A1 Check the visual acuity and external eye as usual, and stick a small amount of 0.5% fluorescein in the conjunctival sac with a glass rod, then rinse with normal saline, and observe whether there is damage to the corneal epithelium under a slit lamp microscope. 'A2 Observe the size of the pupils of both eyes and changes in light reaction under natural light. A3 Use an ophthalmoscope to examine the fundus of both eyes, and pay attention to changes in the color of the optic disc and retina, whether there is edema, and the filling of blood vessels. A4 Use a planar perimeter to carefully check whether there is a central or paracentral dark spot. Generally, 2mm white and red sight marks are used for examination, and 1-3mm sight marks can also be used. The peripheral visual field is checked by using a 5mm red and white visual mark with a perimeter. Appendix B
Instructions for the correct use of the standard
(reference)
B1 This standard applies to occupational acute methanol poisoning. B2 In the early stage, cystitis is easily misdiagnosed as a cold, pharyngitis, neurasthenia or acute gastroenteritis, etc., and differential diagnosis should be noted. B3 For the classification criteria of consciousness disorders, please refer to Appendix A of GB8781. B4 For severe cases, measures should be taken to reduce intraocular pressure in order to improve eye blood circulation and prevent optic nerve damage. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Liaoning Provincial Institute of Labor Health and the Shanghai Institute of Labor Health and Occupational Disease Prevention and Control, and was drafted by the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical College, the Lanzhou Chemical Industry Company Staff Hospital, and the Sichuan Yibin District Health and Epidemic Prevention Station. This standard is interpreted by the Institute of Labor Health and Occupational Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, which is the technical management unit entrusted by the Ministry of Health. 280
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