NY/T 5176-2002 Technical regulations for the production of pollution-free longan food
Some standard content:
ICS 65. 020. 20
Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
NY/T5176—2002
Pollution-free food
2002-07-25 Issued
Technical Specification for Longan Production
2002-09-01 Implementation
Issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China
NY/T5176--2002
Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C of this standard are normative appendices. This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China. The drafting units of this standard are: Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Tropical Horticulture, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences. The main drafters of this standard are: Fu Yueguan, Zuo Xuan, Peng Zhengqiang, Liu Kui and Zhang Fangping. 254
1 Scope
Technical regulations for the production of pollution-free longan
NY/T 5176—2002
This standard specifies the technical management requirements for the selection and planning of production sites, seed varieties and planting methods, soil, fertilizer and water management, pruning and flower and fruit management, pest and disease control and harvesting of pollution-free longan [Euphorialongan (Lour) Steud]. This standard applies to the production of pollution-free longan. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following standards constitute the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, parties to an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For undated references, the latest versions are applicable to this standard. GB4285 Standard for safe use of pesticides
NY/T354 Longan seedlings
GB/T8321 (all parts)
Guidelines for the rational use of pesticides
NY/T227 Microbial fertilizers
NY/T394--2000 Guidelines for the use of green food fertilizersNY5023 Environmental conditions for the production of pollution-free tropical fruitsNY5175 Pollution-free longan
3 Production technical requirements
3.1 Garden selection
The garden environment meets the requirements of NY5023, and the soil and climate conditions are suitable for the growth of longan. The slope is below 20°. The soil texture is good, the organic matter content is more than 1%, and the pH is 5.5-6.5. The annual average temperature is 20℃~23.5℃, the lowest monthly average temperature is higher than 11℃, and the multi-year average extreme low temperature is higher than -1.5℃.
3.2 Garden Planning
Build necessary roads (main roads, branch roads and field paths), drainage and water storage facilities, and create shelterbelts. Shelterbelts should choose fast-growing and wind-resistant tree species, and they should not have the same major diseases and insect pests as longan. The garden should be divided into small areas based on roads, shelterbelts, etc., and the size of the small areas should be arranged according to the actual situation of the garden. Slopes with a slope of less than 5 should be planted with contour trenches, and mountains and hills with a slope of 5° to 20° should be planted with terraces. 3.3 Variety Selection
Select high-quality, high-yield and strong stress-resistant varieties according to the climate characteristics of the planting area and the adaptability of the varieties. 3.4 Planting
3.4.1 Seedling Quality
The quality of seedlings shall be implemented in accordance with NY/T354.
3.4.2 Planting Time
Plant after the tender shoots mature and the weather and other conditions are suitable. 3.4.3 Planting density
The planting density can be 5m×6m, 4m×6m or 4m×5m. Sparse planting is suitable for flat land and gardens with good soil fertility. The row spacing can be appropriately reduced for gardens with steep slopes. In densely planted gardens, thinning should be carried out in the later stage depending on the growth of the plants. 3.4.4 Planting method
NY/T 5176—2002
3.4.4.1 Preparation of planting holes
The size of the planting hole is about 1.0m×1.0m×0.8m. When digging the hole, separate the topsoil and subsoil. When backfilling, mix green manure, straw, decomposed human and animal feces, burnt soil, cake fertilizer and other organic fertilizers and calcium magnesium phosphate or superphosphate. 30kg~~40kg of green manure, straw, decomposed human and animal feces, burnt soil and other organic fertilizers, 2.0kg~3.0kg of phosphate fertilizer, 2.0kg~3.0kg of cake fertilizer, and 0.5kg~1.0kg of lime are placed in each hole. Green manure, straw, decomposed human and animal feces, burnt soil, cake fertilizer and other organic fertilizers and calcium magnesium phosphate or superphosphate and lime are placed in the lower and middle layers of the planting hole. The topsoil covers the upper layer of the planting hole and forms a soil mound. The planting hole should be prepared 1 to 2 months before planting. 3.4.4.2 Planting
Place the longan seedling in the middle of the hole, with the root-stem junction flush with the ground or slightly higher than the ground, straighten, fill in soil, compact, and then cover with soil. Make a tree tray with a diameter of 0.8m~1.0m around the seedling, water it enough for rooting, and cover it with dead materials such as straw to keep it moist. 3.5 Soil management
3.5.1 Expand the hole and improve the soil
After 1 to 2 years of planting, dig a 100cm×60cm×60cm deep trench alternately at the drip line of the crown on the side or opposite sides of the plant in October and November each year. When backfilling, mix with green manure, straw, fallen leaves, human and animal feces and urine, burnt soil, cake fertilizer and other organic fertilizers and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer or superphosphate. Apply 20kg to 25kg of green manure, straw, fallen leaves, etc., 15kg to 20kg of human and animal feces, burnt soil, etc., 2.0kg to 3.0kg of cake fertilizer, 1.0kg to 2.0kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer or superphosphate, and 0.5kg to 1.0kg of lime per plant. Topsoil is placed on the bottom layer, and subsoil is placed on the surface. 3.5.2 Intertillage and loosening the soil
Intertillage is carried out after the rain in autumn or after irrigation and in winter, 2 to 3 times a year, and the depth of intertillage is 5cm to 10cm. 3.5.3 Soil cultivation
When clearing irrigation and drainage ditches every year, the soil should be cultivated to the surface, or garbage soil, pond mud, etc. should be used for soil cultivation. 3.5.4 Covering
Cover the longan tree with rice straw, sugarcane bagasse or hay, with a thickness of about 10cm to 20cm, or cover with black or silver-gray biodegradable mulch.
3.5.5 Intercropping
In young longan orchards, intercrop crops and forage such as peanuts, cowpeas, watermelons, and stylosanthes. 3.5.6 Grassing
Before closing the rows of fruit trees, all grass can be grown outside the drip line of the plant crown. Benign weeds such as calamus can be selected and cut in time for mulching or landfill.
3.5.7 Chemical weeding in orchards
Chemical weeding in longan orchards is mainly aimed at malignant perennial weeds such as white grass, sedge, and bermudagrass. Glyphosate, paraquat and other lethal herbicides can be used. The use of herbicides such as fenoxam and herbicide ether is prohibited. 3.6 Water and fertilizer management
3.6.1 Fertilization principles
Scientifically formulate fertilizers according to the characteristics of longan's nutrient requirements and soil fertility. The types of fertilizers selected are mainly organic fertilizers, and inorganic fertilizers are used in moderation. Fertilizer application requires no pollution to the environment and products. 3.6.2 Types and qualities of fertilizers allowed for use The types of fertilizers selected shall be in accordance with the provisions of 5.2.1 of NY/T394-2000. Commercial fertilizers such as foliar fertilizers shall be registered with the Ministry of Agriculture, and microbial fertilizers shall comply with the provisions of NY/T227. Organic fertilizer compost must be fermented at a temperature above 50°C for more than 7 days, and biogas fertilizers must be sealed and stored for more than 30 days.
3.6.3 Fertilization method and quantity
3. 6.3. 1 Basal fertilizer
Fertilize according to the method of expanding holes and improving soil in 3.5.1. The amount of fertilizer can be adjusted according to the size of the plant and the fertility of the soil. Generally, the amount of fertilizer per plant is 20kg~25kg of green manure, straw, fallen leaves, etc., 15kg~20kg of human and animal feces and urine, burnt soil, etc., 2.0kg~~3.0kg of cake fertilizer, 0.5kg~1.0kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer or superphosphate, and 0.5kg~1.0kg of lime. Put the topsoil on the bottom layer and the subsoil on the surface layer. 256
3.6.3.2 Topdressing
NY/T 5176--2002
For young trees, topdressing should be carried out 4 to 6 times, in spring, summer and autumn respectively. Generally, "two fertilizers for one shoot", that is, the first fertilizer is applied when the buds sprout, and the second fertilizer is applied when the leaves of the new shoots unfold and turn green. In the first year after planting, 25g-30g of urea, 15g-20g of potassium cyanide, 50g-70g of superphosphate, or 3kg-5kg of 50% decomposed human and animal feces and urine plus 30g-50g of compound fertilizer should be applied to each plant each time. The amount of fertilizer applied should be increased by 50% to 1 times each year thereafter.
Fertilization of fruit trees throughout the year is divided into three main stages: pre-flowering fertilizer, fruit-strengthening fertilizer and fruit-bearing mother branch cultivation fertilizer. The recommended fertilizer ratio is N: P,0,: K,0=1: (0.38~0.45): (1.0~1.5). Pre-flowering fertilizer: After the autumn shoots mature, the flower spikes begin to grow and before flowering, apply a flowering fertilizer depending on the tree condition. For every 50kg of fruit produced, apply 1.0 kg~2kg of compound fertilizer, 0.50kg of urea, and 0.25kg. Fruit-strengthening fertilizer: After the first physiological fruit drop after flowering, when the young fruit is about the size of soybean, appropriate fertilizer can be applied once according to the tree vigor and fruit yield, and once during the rapid growth period of aril. The amount of fertilizer applied each time is 1.5kg~~2.0kg of compound fertilizer, 1.5kg2.0kg of potassium chloride, and 0.5kg of urea for every 50kg of fruit produced.
Fruit-bearing mother branch cultivation fertilizer: Plants with a large amount of fruit should be fertilized once 10d~15d before fruit picking, and plants with a small amount of fruit should be fertilized once after fruit picking. According to the production of 50kg of fruit, 1.0kg~2kg of compound fertilizer, 0.5kg of urea, or 2.0kg~3.0kg of cake fertilizer, or 15kg~20kg of fertilizer should be applied. Apply once when new buds sprout, and 0.5kg~1.0kg of compound fertilizer should be applied for every 50kg of fruit produced. Apply once when the new shoots turn green. Apply 1.0kg of compound fertilizer, 0.5kg~1.0kg of superphosphate, and 0.50kg~0.75kg of potash fertilizer according to the production of 50kg of fruit. Fruit trees and young trees are fertilized by opening a ring ditch below the drip line of the crown. The ditch depth is 15cm~20cm. After application, the soil is returned and water is irrigated in time. The last topdressing is carried out 10d~15d before the fruit harvest period. 3.6.3.3 Foliar topdressing
4~5 times a year, depending on the growth status of the plant, the types and concentrations of fertilizers selected are 0.3%~0.5% urea, 0.2%~0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% of Luwang-N, 0.1% of Luwang-K, and 0.1%~0.2% of borax. Use before the leaves of the new shoots unfold and turn green. The last foliar fertilization is carried out 20d before the fruit harvest period. 3.6.4 Water Management
3.6.4.1 Irrigation
Irrigation water should be free of pollution and the water quality should meet the requirements of NY5023. When drought occurs during the spring, summer and autumn shoots, flower bud morphological differentiation, flowering and fruit development periods, appropriate irrigation is required, once every 7 days to 10 days, and the amount of irrigation is limited to soaking the main distribution layer of the root system (10cm~50cm).
3.6.4.2 Drainage
In rainy seasons or when the orchard is flooded, clear the drainage channels in the orchard and drain the water in time. 3.7 Tree Management
3.7.1 Sapling Shaping and Pruning
1~~3 year old saplings are mainly shaped, and the trunk is fixed at a height of 30cm~50cm. 3~~5 evenly distributed primary branches with an angle of 45°~60° and basically uniform growth are left on the main trunk to be cultivated into main branches. Cut off the top of the main branch at 30cm to 40cm, and cultivate 2 to 3 secondary main branches that are outwardly strong and evenly distributed. Cultivate the next level of branches according to the cultivation method of the secondary main branches. Pruning is mainly light pruning, cutting off weak branches, dense branches, hidden branches and diseased and insect-infested branches to make the crown form a natural open heart shape. 3.7.2 Pruning of adult fruiting trees
Pruning of adult fruiting trees is mainly carried out after fruit picking. After fruit picking, appropriate retraction pruning is carried out according to the strength of the fruiting branches. Plants with good growth should be pruned immediately after fruit picking, and plants with weak growth should be pruned after the growth of the shoots is stable. When pruning, leave 2 to 3 new shoots on each base branch, with a length of 25cm to 30cm. When thinning flower spikes in spring, cut off weak branches, dense branches, hidden branches and diseased and insect-infested branches. Summer pruning mainly cuts off empty spikes or weak spikes with few fruits and excessive summer shoots. Generally, leave 2 to 3 new shoots on each base branch. For plants with dense inner branches, some bare branches can be thinned out, that is, "skylights" can be opened to allow good light transmission.
3.7.3 Pruning of old trees
Old trees with weak tree vigor must be pruned back and renewed. Depending on the degree of weakness, pruned back and renewed, rotational renewal or heavy renewal pruning can be carried out to re-cultivate the tree shape. When performing rotational pruning, strong branches can be left in the 4-8 year old position for pruned back and renewed. The rotation is completed in stages year by year on the same tree.
3.7.4 Management of flowers and fruits
3.7.4.1 Control winter shoots to promote flowering
3.7.4.1.1 Drug and artificial shoot control
Reasonably arrange autumn shoots so that the last autumn shoots will not mature too early and sprout winter shoots. After the last autumn shoots mature, use ethephon to control winter shoots for the first time. The concentration of ethephon is 0.03%~~0.05%, or 0.03%~~0.05% paclobutrazol can be sprayed on the leaves, or 10% control shoot wettable powder diluted 250~500 times can be sprayed on the leaves. After 15d~20d, the second control of winter shoots can be carried out, and 0.02%~0.03% ethephon can be sprayed on the leaves. The concentration of ethephon can be adjusted appropriately according to the longan variety and climate temperature. If winter shoots sprout, they can be manually removed when they sprout to 3cm~5cm. 3.7.4.1.2 Ring cutting or ring stripping
After the last autumn shoots mature, ring cutting or ring stripping can be carried out on the fruit trees with vigorous growth to control winter shoots. 3.7.4.1.3 Control water and fertilizer
After the autumn shoots mature, stop applying water, fertilizer and irrigation. Or dig a 20cm to 30cm deep annular ditch along the drip line to control water and fertilizer by cutting roots. 3.7.4.2 Strengthen flowers and preserve fruits
3.7.4.2.1 Prevent shoot rush
In the early stage of shoot rush, you can manually remove the small leaves of the flower spikes and pinch the top, or you can use 0.03%~~0.05% ethephon solution or 25.5% cypermethrin diluted 800 times to spray the flower spikes.
3.7.4.2.2 Thinning flowers and fruits
For trees with too many and too long flower spikes, you can thin out some long spikes with large flowers and low fruit setting rate, or you can remove the long part of the top of the flower spike main axis when the flower spike is 15cm to 20cm.
After physiological fruit drop, the fruit clusters with good fruit setting and large fruit hanging amount shall be appropriately thinned to make the fruit clusters evenly distributed and the distribution between fruits even. 3.7.4.2.3 Fruit bagging
After the second physiological fruit drop of longan, the fruit damaged by pests shall be cut off, and the whole garden shall be sprayed with pesticides, and then the fruit clusters shall be bagged with nylon or plastic mesh bags.
3.7.5 Use of plant growth regulators
3.7.5.1 Principles of use
The plant growth regulators used can effectively improve the growth of plants, increase fruit yield and quality, and have no adverse effects on the environment and products.
3.7.5.2 Ethephon
It is mainly used to control winter shoots, prevent flower spikes from rushing to shoots and promote flowering. The recommended concentration is 0.02%~0.05%, which should be determined according to the variety and temperature conditions.
3.7.5.3 Paclobutrazol
Mainly used for controlling shoots and promoting flowering, the recommended concentration is 0.03%~0.05%. 3.7.5.4 Anti-drop agent
Used to control fruit drop, the recommended concentration is 0.002%~0.003%, it can be mixed with foliar fertilizer and sprayed on the leaves. 3.7.5.5 Gibberellic acid
Can be used to control fruit drop, promote fruit growth and development and reduce fruit drop after harvest, the recommended concentration is 0.002%~0.004%, spray on the surface or fruit ears.
3.8 Pest and disease management
3.8.1 Principles of pest and disease control
In accordance with the plant protection policy of "prevention first, integrated prevention and control", based on agricultural prevention and control, encourage the application of biological and physical control, scientific use of chemical control, achieve effective control of pests and diseases, and have no adverse effects on the environment and products. 258
3.8.2 Plant quarantine
It is forbidden to transfer seedlings, scions and seeds from epidemic areas to new planting areas. Once discovered, they shall be destroyed immediately. 3.8.3 Agricultural prevention and control
3.8.3.1 Plant high-yield, high-quality and resistant varieties, and cultivate and plant non-toxic and strong seedlings. 3.8.3.2 Implement single-variety cultivation in the plot, and control the consistency of the shoot and maturity period of the varieties planted in the plot. 3.8.3.3 Reasonable intercropping and grassing in the park: follow 3.5.5 and 3.5.6. 3.8.3.4 Carry out balanced fertilization and scientific irrigation to improve the ability of crops to resist diseases and insects. NY/T 5176-2002
3.8.3.5 Timely prune the dry branches caused by diseases and insects and burn them in a centralized manner, remove and bury the fallen leaves and fruits in the field, and reduce the source of field disease and insect infection.
3.8.4 Biological control
3.8.4.1 Artificial release and migration of natural enemies
Artificial release of flat-bellied wasps to control stink bugs, release of blunt mites to control mites and thrips, and migration of predatory ladybugs to control thrips and aphids, etc. 3.8.4.2 Protection and utilization of natural enemies
3.8.4.2.1 Retain or expand the planting of weeds such as ageratum to create an orchard ecological environment suitable for the survival of natural enemies. 3.8.4.2.2 Use pesticides that are low-toxic or non-toxic to natural enemies, and choose the method and time of application that has little impact on natural enemies. 3.8.4.3 Application of biological pesticides
It is recommended to use biological pesticides such as avermectin, Bacillus thuringiensis, chlorpyrifos, chloranil, streptomycin, etc. 3.8.5 Physical and mechanical control
3.8.5.1 Use insect traps to lure and kill pests. 3.8.5.2 Use plastic or nylon mesh to trap fruit bats, and use nylon or plastic mesh bags to bag fruit clusters. 3.8.6 Chemical control
3.8.6.1 Insecticides and miticides
Recommended insecticides and miticides and their use methods are shown in Appendix A. 3.8.6.2 Fungicides
Recommended fungicides and their use methods are shown in Appendix B. 3.8.6.3 List of pesticides not allowed to be used
BHC, DDB, toxaphene, dibromochloropropane, chlorpyrifos, ethylene dibromide, herbicide, aldrin, dieldrin, mercury preparations, arsenic, lead, diclofenac, fluoroacetamide, chlorfenapyr, tetramine, sodium fluoroacetate, tetrasil, methyl parathion, parathion, monocrotophos, phosphamidon, phorate, methyl isoflavone, terbufos, methyl thiocyanate, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos, fenamiphos.
3.8.6.4 Scientific and reasonable use of chemical pesticides
3.8.6.4.1 Timely and appropriate use of pesticides
Choose the time of prevention and control according to the degree of occurrence and development trend of pests and diseases. The time interval between the last application of pesticides and the harvest period should comply with the safe interval period for woody fruit trees stipulated in GB4285 and GB/T8321 (all parts). Use the pesticides strictly in accordance with the recommended concentration. 3.8.6.4.2 Scientific alternating use of pesticides
Select pesticides of different types and different action mechanisms for rotation. 3.8.6.4.3 Carefully mix pesticides
Select pesticides with different action mechanisms, similar residual effect periods, and can enhance the effect and reduce costs but not increase toxicity after mixing. 3.9 Prevention and control of longan pests and diseases
For the prevention and control of longan pests and diseases, see Appendix C.
4 Fruit Harvest
The fruit harvest time is determined according to the fruit maturity, use, market demand and climatic conditions. 259
NY/T 5176—2002
Pesticide varieties
Bacillus thuringiensis
1.8% Avermectin EC
5% Chlorpyrifos EC
25% Dichlorvos EC
2.5% Spinosad
50% Sulfur Gum Suspension
50% Phoxim EC
99.1% Mineral Oil EC
90% Trichlorfon Crystal
73% Promethazine EC
20% Imidacloprid Concentrated Emulsion
Pesticide varieties
75% Thiophanate WP
50% Carbendazim WP
5 0% Prochloraz manganese complex wettable powder
25% Prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate
Equivalent Bordeaux mixture
70% Methyl thiophanate wettable powder
30% Cupric oxychloride suspension
45% Thiabendazole suspension
40% Biguanide octane phenyl sulfonate
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Recommended insecticides and acaricides
Dilution multiple and usage method
500 times, spray
2000~4000 times, spray
1000~2000 times, spray
10G0~2 000 times, spray
1000~~500 times, spray
200~400 times, spray
1000~1500 times, spray, root or soil
200~300 times, spray
800~1000 times, spray or water root
2000~3000 times, spray
3000~5000 times, spray
Appendix B
(Normative Appendix)
Recommended fungicides
Longan moth, etc.||tt ||Target of control
Spider mites, stalk mites, moths, stem borers, small gray butterflies, etc. Longan stalk mites, stem borers, sharp moths, wheat moths, etc. Thrips
Stink snails, stem borers, sharp moths, beetles, small gray butterflies, mosquitoes, etc.
Stink bugs, beetles, mosquitoes, etc.
Spider mites and quinoa mites
Thrips, aphids, psyllids, stalk mites, etc.
Dilution and use method
600-800 times, spray
500-800 times, spray
1 000~~2 000 times, spray
500~1000 times, spray
0.5% equal volume, spray
800~1000 times, spray
400~600 times
300~~500 times
1 000~2000 times soaking fruit
Control objects
Anthracnose, leaf spot
Anthracnose, leaf spot
Anthracnose, post-harvest diseases
Anthracnose, post-harvest diseases
Anthracnose, leaf spot, algae spot
Anthracnose, leaf spot
Leaf spot, sooty mold, algae spot, lichen post-harvest diseases
Acid rot
Control objects
Longan Ghost band disease
Longan anthracnose
Longan leaf spot
Sooty mold
Algae spot
Longan sour rot
Appendix C
(Normative Appendix)bZxz.net
Control of major diseases and pests of longan
Recommended agents and usage methods
50% carbendazim wettable powder is diluted 600~800 times; 50% prochloraz manganese complex wettable powder is diluted 1000~2 000 times:
70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder is diluted 600~800 times;
75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder is diluted 600~800 times. Spray for prevention and control at tender shoot stage, flowering stage, young fruit stage and late fruit stage
0.5% equal amount of Bordeaux liquid spray;
50% carbendazim wettable powder diluted 800 times; 175% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder diluted 1000 times; 30% copper oxychloride suspension diluted 400~600 times; 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder diluted 600~~800 times. Mainly spray for prevention and control in summer and autumn
0.5% equal amount of Bordeaux liquid spray;
NY/T 5176-2002
Other prevention and control methods
Plant disease-resistant varieties and disease-free and healthy seedlings; implement seedling, scion and seed quarantine;
Timely cut off diseased branches and ears, and burn them in a centralized manner; strengthen management to improve plant resistance;
Prevent and control vector insects such as stink bugs and psyllids to control the spread of diseases. Strengthen field management, timely cut off and burn diseased leaves and dead branches. Timely cut off diseased leaves and remove fallen leaves on the ground and burn them in a centralized manner; strengthen management to improve plant resistance
Timely control mites, white moths, wax cicadas, leafhoppers, aphids and other winged insects. 30% oxychloride Chemical suspension diluted 400~600 times to spray on pests; 30% copper oxychloride wettable powder diluted 400~600 times to remove diseased leaves and burn them in batches; Liquid spray: 1% equal-volume Bordeaux mixture spray; 30% copper oxychloride suspension diluted 400--600 times to spray on branches and trunks; Mainly used for prevention and control in spring; 25% metalaxyl wettable powder diluted 500~600 times; 25% prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate diluted 500~600 times; Spray for prevention and control before the safe interval of harvest. Dilute 40% biguanide octane phenyl sulfonate 1000~2 000 times and soak the fruit
Strengthen management to improve the ventilation and light conditions of the orchard and the growth of the plants
Apply 10%~~15% lime milk;
Strengthen management to improve the ventilation and light conditions of the orchard and the growth of the plants
Remove the fallen fruits and burn them in a concentrated manner. Pay attention to the prevention and control of pests such as stink bugs and pedicle frogs to avoid insect damage
NY/T5176—2002
Target of prevention and control
Other diseases of longan after harvest
Litchee stink bugs
Pedicled borers and sharp moths
Small gray butterflies
Leaf rollers
Fistula mites
Longan horn cheek psyllid
Table C.1(continued)
Recommended pesticides and usage
Other control methods
25% prochloraz EC diluted 500-600 times before harvest to strengthen field management in the field to reduce the potential infection of fruit pathogens by spraying, dilute 250-500 times for fruit soaking after harvest; degree;
50% prochloraz manganese complex wettable powder diluted 1000-2000 times before harvest to pay attention to the prevention and control of pests such as stink bugs, peduncles and borers to avoid insect damage, spray in the orchard before harvest, dilute 500-1000 times for fruit soaking after harvest;
45% thiabendazole suspension diluted 300-500 times for fruit soaking after harvest
10% cis-cyfluthrin EC diluted 1000-2000 times;
90% trichlorfon crystal diluted 600-800 times. Mainly control during the peak period of egg hatching after wintering when mating begins but eggs are not laid
10% cis-cypermethrin EC diluted 1000~2000 times;
2.5% trichlorfon EC diluted 3000~5000 times;
52.25% trichlorfon EC diluted 1000~1500 times; 90% trichlorfon crystal diluted 600~800 times. Focus on spraying during the autumn shoot period and fruit growth period, 10% cis-cypermethrin EC diluted 1000~2000 times,
90% trichlorfon crystal diluted 600~800 times. Strengthen observation, spray in time during the egg hatching period for prevention and control, and carry out artificial killing during the adult emergence period;
Release flat-bellied wasps during the adult egg-laying period
Combine pruning to remove insect-infested branches and remove fallen fruits to reduce the number of insect sources
Combine with fruit thinning and pest control
10% cis-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate is diluted 1000-2000 times to promptly remove severely damaged branches and shoots; times,
2.5% trichlorfon emulsifiable concentrate is diluted 3000-5000 times;
Bacillus thuringiensis is 500 times;
50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is 1000-1500 times.
Focus on spraying during tender shoots, flower spikes and fruiting period. 1.8% avermectin EC diluted 3000~4000 times; 50% sulfur gum suspension diluted 200~400 times; 73% propamectin EC diluted 2000~3000 times. Focus on spray control during the bud stage, young fruit stage and autumn shoots
Release pine caterpillars and trichogrammatids
Combine with pruning to cut off seriously damaged shoots and leaves; release blunt-seiid mites artificially;
Retain or expand weeds such as sweet thistle in the field to protect the reproduction of natural enemies such as predatory mites
2. 5% trifluthrin emulsifiable concentrate is diluted 3 000~5 000/times to strengthen planting and cultivation management to make the shoots consistent in stage for easy control; times;
Control the growth of winter shoots
20% imidacloprid concentrated emulsion is diluted 3000~5000 times: 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate is diluted 800~1000 times. Focus on spray control during the growth period of young shoots
Control targets
Thrips
Longan moth
Beetle
Turtles
Leaf-thin mosquito
Table C.1 (continued)
Recommended pesticides and usage methods
2.5% multimethachlor is diluted 1000-2000 times; 20% imidacloprid concentrated emulsion is diluted 3000~5000 times. Spray control during the new shoot growth period
NY/T 5176--2002
Other control methods
Strengthen the cultivation management to make the shoot period consistent for control; artificially release blunt-seiid mites,
retain or expand weeds such as sweet thistle in the field to protect the reproduction of natural enemies such as predatory mites
10% cis-cypermethrin EC is diluted by 1 000~~2 000 and combined with pruning to remove pest branches and remove pest-fallen fruits, reducing the number of times;
2. 5% trichlorfon EC is diluted by 3 000~5 000 times;
50% phoxim EC is diluted by 1000~1500 times. Spray for prevention and control at the early stage of new shoots
Reduce the number of insect sources
90% trichlorfon crystal diluted 800-1000 times and spray in the evening during the peak period of adult growth [artificially shake the branches and leaves to catch and kill insects;
50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate diluted 1000-1500 times and water the roots
80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate diluted 50 times and pour into the borer holes, and plug the holes with cotton
52.25% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate diluted 1000-1500 times; 20% imidacloprid concentrated emulsifiable concentrate diluted 3000-5000 times; 99.1% mineral oil emulsifiable concentrate diluted 200-300 times. Spray during the peak hatching period
52.25% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate diluted 1000-1500 times and sprayed during the tender shoots;
Mix with 5% phoxim poisonous soil and spread under the tree canopy before the overwintering adults emerge from the ground
Manually kill insects during the emergence season;
Remove dead branches infested with insects in a timely manner
Remove branches and leaves infested with insects in combination with pruning
Remove severely damaged branches and leaves after harvesting, and burn them in a centralized manner263Dilute 25% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500 times and spray it on the tender shoots during the period of emergence;
Mix with 5% phoxim poisonous soil and spread under the tree canopy before the overwintering adults emerge from the ground
Manually kill insects during the emergence season;
Remove dead branches with insects in time
Remove branches and leaves with insects by pruning
Remove severely damaged branches and leaves by pruning after harvesting, and burn them in batches263Dilute 25% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500 times and spray it on the tender shoots during the period of emergence;
Mix with 5% phoxim poisonous soil and spread under the tree canopy before the overwintering adults emerge from the ground
Manually kill insects during the emergence season;
Remove dead branches with insects in time
Remove branches and leaves with insects by pruning
Remove severely damaged branches and leaves by pruning after harvesting, and burn them in batches263
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