GB 3389.4-1982 Test methods for properties of piezoelectric ceramic materials - longitudinal length extension and contraction vibration mode of the cylinder
Some standard content:
UDC 621,315.612-79
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB 3389.4—82
Test methods for the propertiesof piezoelectric ceramics
Longitudinal length extensionvibration mode for rod
Published on December 30, 1982
National Bureau of Standards
Implemented on November 1, 1983
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Test methods for the propertiesof piezoelectric ceramics
Longitudinal length extensionvibration mode for rod This standard is applicable to testing the material properties of piezoelectric ceramic columnar vibration longitudinal length extension and contraction vibration mode. 1 Glossary of terms and symbols
UDC 621.315
.612-79
GB 3389.4—82
The definitions of terms used in this standard can be found in GB3389.1-82 "Terms and Terms for Testing Methods of Positive Electrode Ceramic Materials". The symbols, names and units adopted in this standard are shown in Section 1. 2 Admittance characteristics and equivalent circuit
2.1 Admittance characteristics
The admittance of the longitudinal length extension vibration mode can be expressed by the following formula: jac
Formula: N=
even function of normalized frequency X, unitless: normalized frequency, unitless,
partial capacitance, F
any frequency, H.
parallel resonant frequency, Hz.,
longitudinal electromechanical coefficient, unitless; specimen length, m
longitudinal acoustic wave, m/s
issued by the National Bureau of Standards on December 30, 1982
01 implementation
2.2 Equivalent circuit
The equivalent circuit diagram of the longitudinal length extension vibration mode is shown in Figure 1+ec
Figure! The equivalent circuit of the longitudinal length contraction dynamic mode c,cs
—partially affected by the heat Ch,—initially in the initial inspection, the dynamic inductance, RI, R,\R.—dynamic medium.ac3K\w—input end admittance
can be simplified as shown in Figure 2 near the fundamental harmonic frequency. The simplified equivalent circuit is composed of parallel capacitance C, dynamic capacitance, dynamic inductance L, and dynamic resistance. At the fundamental resonant frequency, these parameters of the equivalent circuit can be considered to be independent of the frequency. At the fundamental harmonic frequency, the simplified equivalent circuit of Figure 2
According to the equivalent circuit shown in Figure 2, when the quality factor Q of the machine is large, the dielectric loss is not considered, and the change with the frequency near the service frequency is very small, and it can be regarded as a constant, while the longitudinal length expansion dynamic mode admittance Y, with the change of frequency, is a trajectory on the complex effective plane of the admittance, as shown in Figure 3. Admittance circle diagram of piezoelectric oscillator GB 3389.4-82 From the admittance circle diagram of Figure 3, the following six characteristic frequencies can be obtained: parallel resonance frequency 1
parallel resonance frequency;
, parallel resonance frequency (susceptance is 0):
anti-resonance frequency (susceptance is 0):
... maximum admittance frequency;
minimum admittance frequency.
The relationship between these frequencies is as follows: fff, fff, (f)(f-)(f,-f) When the vibration frequency is high, the following relationship can be obtained under the first-order approximation: f=f. =f,: =f. =f, =f. This standard specifies the parallel resonance frequency f, instead of the resonant frequency, and the maximum admittance frequency f: the parallel resonance frequency f is used to replace the anti-resonance frequency, and the minimum admittance frequency f. When the figure of merit M of vibration elimination F is small, (f-) cannot be used directly to replace (f"f,) and must be corrected. The approximate formula is as follows: AF=(,-) -
2元f R,c
2#/(Cm+C1)Z
If M(-)
>100, use the approximate formula (2) (3) and the error of the dust generated (.-f.) is less than 1%. f
3 Test conditions
3.1 Environmental conditions
Normal test atmospheric conditions1
20 ~ 30 ℃
Standard atmospheric conditions for test:
25 ± 1'℃
3.2 Sample size and requirements
Relative degree
45 % ~ 75%
Relative humidity
48%~52%
86~106kPa
86～106kPa
Cylinder: The ratio of length to diameter is 1/d2.5. The straightness is not more than half of the diameter tolerance, and the non-parallelism is not more than the length tolerance. Sample size: 6×15mm.
Square: The ratio of straightness to width is b. The non-straightness is not more than the length tolerance, the non-parallelism is not more than the width tolerance, and the sample size is 6×6×20mm. ||tt ||The sample is covered with a metal layer at both ends as a counter electrode, and polarization treatment is performed along the horizontal direction. 3.3 Preparation of samples before testing
The sample should be kept clean and dry, and placed for a certain time according to different ceramic materials after polarization, and the test should be performed after being placed for two hours under the environmental conditions specified in this standard.
$.4 Requirements for the test electric field E at both ends of the sample
Irrigation capacitance and dielectric loss: Ec, 5V/mm (test frequency is 1kllz): Test frequency and dynamic resistance: hs[m/mm.
4 Test method
GB 3389.4—B2
4.1 Test of free capacitance C and dielectric loss tangent tgd4.1.1 Test equipment and requirements
Capacitance bridge: The measurement error of capacitance shall not exceed 1%, and the measurement error of dielectric loss shall not exceed (10% reading + 1×10\). 4.1. 2 Measurement steps
First, measure the capacitance and the inherent capacitance indication "bottom number" of the test fixture, and then place the sample in the fixture and connect it to the bridge E to measure the capacitance and loss. In the measurement result, the "bottom number" should be marked as the capacitance value of the sample. 4.2 Test of series resonant frequency 1s, parallel resonant frequency f., dynamic resistance R, 4.2.1 Measurement overview
This standard uses the transmission line method to measure the maximum transmission frequency of the sample! m, and the minimum transmission frequency, and the resistance box substitution method measures the minimum impedance of the sample "Z". ", under the first-order approximation, there is the following relationship: f_fs=f.=f.IZ-Rt.
4.2.2 Measurement circuit and requirements
The measurement circuit is shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4 Transmission line measurement circuit
R,,RTl—divider resistor L, R,Rra—terminal resistance, Ti,Cr--distributed capacitance; Rs,—variable resistor, K—conversion switch, →F sample; ?—signal generator; ①—frequency meter, ①—voltmeter
The resistance value of the voltage divider resistor R, is required to match the output impedance of the signal generator, R, 10RTt. Generally, Rt,=Rr, in order to reduce the measurement error, the value of the terminal resistor R, should correspond to the dynamic resistance R1 of the sample being tested, and its ratio RT:/R, not greater than 1:2, but not less than 1/10. The value of the terminal resistance scale: can be determined according to the voltage The distributed capacitance CAn of the network wiring and equipment should be small, and its ratio to the free capacitance of the sample C4R/CT should not be less than 1/10. The capacitive reactance of the distributed capacitance CT: CTa is much greater than R.
4.2.3 Test equipment and requirements
Signal generator: The frequency range is 20Hz-200kH2, the instantaneous stability of the oscillation frequency is higher than the accuracy of the frequency to be measured, the output waveform is sine wave, and the spectral distortion suppression is greater than. Frequency meter: The input impedance is selected to be greater than the output impedance of the signal generator, H does not affect the output level of the signal generator, and the performance is stable. Voltmeter: The input impedance is high, the input voltage is not greater than 4DpF, the frequency range is higher than the frequency to be measured, the sensitivity is wide, and the performance is stable. The positive test range is 0.1mV~10V.
GB 3389.4—82
Variable resistor: A non-inductive resistor box is required, with a minimum scale of 0.1α, use a low frequency 200k test box and test stand. The test box requires strict shielding. Use shielded wires to connect the instrument and keep them as short as possible. Use a universal high-frequency cable plug. The sample stand must not only firmly support the vibrator, but also keep the vibrator in a free vibration state, and keep the clamp in good electrical contact with the vibrator.
4. 2. 4 Measurement steps
4.2.4.1 Measurement of series resonant frequency F and parallel resonant frequency f. Place the sample in the test stand and connect it to the circuit in Figure 4. Connect the conversion switch K to the terminal resistor 3. Adjust the oscillator frequency so that the terminal voltage meter indicates the maximum. The frequency at this time is the series resonant frequency fs. Switch the conversion switch to the terminal resistor Rr:, increase the oscillator frequency, and make the terminal voltage meter indicate the minimum. The frequency at this time is the measured value of the parallel resonant frequency f. The distributed capacitance C4B of the test network and the sample stand can be ignored, then /, =, but it cannot be ignored. Use the following formula to calculate the parallel resonant frequency,. CA
4.2.4.2 Measurement of dynamic resistance R1
The precise determination of dynamic resistance R1 is very difficult. This standard adopts the substitution method to obtain its approximate value. ..(4)
According to the method in 4.2.4.1, adjust the frequency of the signal generator to fs and record the indication of the terminal voltmeter. Replace the sample with a variable resistor and adjust its resistance value so that the indication of the terminal voltmeter is the same as the original one. At this time, the resistance value of the variable resistor is the dynamic resistance R1. 4.3 Measurement of sample size
Use a tool with an accuracy of 0.01mm to measure the length a, width b and diameter d of the test sample. 5 Calculation of material parameters
According to the test method specified in Chapter 4, the capacitance CT, the parallel resonant frequency f, the parallel resonant frequency f, the dynamic resistance R1 and the sample size are obtained. The material parameters are calculated after the volume density of the sample is measured according to the method specified in GB2413-81 "Method for measuring the volume density of piezoelectric ceramic materials". The calculation formula and units are shown in Table 2. The longitudinal electromechanical coupling coefficient a can be calculated by first calculating the ratio of Af/f, and then checking Appendix A "f/f. t table" to obtain it.
Cas, Ch., Cr
Specimen width
Symbol table
White capacitance (cC,)
Piezoelectric vibration simplified equivalent circuit capacitance dynamic parameters of piezoelectric vibration equivalent circuit
Distributed capacitance of transmission line
Partial capacitance
Unit (SI system)
(superscript)
t(superscript)
L, I....f..
GB 3989.4-82
Continued Table 1
Specimen point diameter
Longitudinal piezoelectric strain required
Displayed under constant electric displacement conditions
Electric field strength
Displayed under constant electric field conditions
Arbitrary pre-regulation
Anti-resonance frequency (susceptance is 0)
Maximum admittance frequency
Minimum admittance frequency
Parallel resonant frequency
Measured value of parallel resonant frequency
Resonance frequency (susceptance is)
11 Joint frequency
Longitudinal piezoelectric voltage band
Electromagnetic coupling coefficient
Specimen length
Dynamic electric field in the equivalent vibrator
Piezoelectric vibration!
Even function of normalized color rate
Rate constant of longitudinal length expansion perturbation
Single (SI system)
m/V or C/N
V+m/N or m*/C
Unitless
Unitless
RTr+RT
GB 3389.4—82
Continued Table 1
Mechanical quality factor
Dynamic voltage of equivalent circuit of oscillator
Divider voltage of transmission line
Terminal resistance of transmission line
Variable resistor
Cross-sectional area of sample
Open circuit elastic compliance coefficient
Short circuit elastic compliance coefficient
Specimen originality
Longitudinal sound velocity
Gating frequency
Admittance of insect board
Minimum impedance of piezoelectric embedding
Main loss factor in medium
Mass space dielectric constant (=8.8×10~1)
Relative dielectric constant|| tt||Ceramic density
Unit (SI system)
Unitless
Especial unit value
Especial unit number
Unitless
GB3389.4—82
Material parameter calculation formula and unit calculation formula for longitudinal length shrinkage
Longitudinal length shrinkage
Vibration frequency constant
Longitudinal sound velocity
Relative dielectric band strain
Longitudinal electromechanical coupling
Quality factor of Kaiji
Longitudinal piezoelectric strain
Longitudinal piezoelectric force
Open circuit elastic softness
Open circuit elastic softness
Vo-21 -f4
g（4)
2xfs R,(C+(i)(ff)
da-k te rp sayl:
42-0+f
Unit (SI system)
Unitless number
C/Num/V
-m/Nutm2/C
0,1213
GB3389.4—82
4f/f,～k number table
(supplement)
4,3189
0-3 523
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0,6350
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GB 3389.4--82
n,78444-82
Continued Table 1
Sample point diameter
Number of longitudinal piezoelectric strain requirements
Projected under constant electric displacement conditions
Electric field strength
represents under constant electric field conditions
any pre-rate
anti-resonant frequency (the susceptance is 0)
maximum admittance frequency
minimum Admittance frequency model
Parallel harmonic frequency
Maximum measured value of parallel harmonic frequency
Resonant frequency (susceptance is)
11 joint frequency|| tt | Electric vibration! The advantages and disadvantages of
reduced-even function of the rate
the rate constant of longitudinal length expansion and contraction
single (SI system)
m/V or C/N
V+m/N or m*/C
No unit number
No unit number
RTr+RT
GB 3389.4— 82
Continued Table 1
Mechanical quality factor
Dynamic voltage of the equivalent circuit of the vibrator under voltage
Divided voltage voltage of the transmission line
Transmission Terminal resistance of the line
Variable resistor
Cross-sectional area of the sample
Open circuit elastic compliance coefficient
Short circuit elastic compliance coefficient
Sample Original degree
Longitudinal sound velocity
Gating frequency
Admittance of insect plate
Piezoelectric embedded minimum impedance
Mass air dielectric constant (=8.8×10~1)
Relative dielectric constant
Density of electric ceramics
Unit (SI system)||tt ||No unit number
Especially unit price number
Especially single random number
No unit number
GB3389.4—82
Longitudinal length shrinkage The material parameter calculation formula and unit calculation formula of the moving mold
Longitudinal length and contraction
Vibration frequency constant
Longitudinal sound velocity
Relative dielectric band
Longitudinal electromechanical coupling
Mechanical quality factor
Longitudinal piezoelectric strain
Longitudinal piezoelectricity
Open-circuit elastic soft face
Zunlu elastic soft source| |tt||Vo-21 -f4
g（4)
2xfs R,(C+(i)(ff)
da-k te rp sayl:||tt| |42-0+f
Unit (SI system)
No unit number
C/N m/V
-m/Nutm2/C||tt ||0,1213
GB3389.4—82
4f/f, ~k number table
(supplement)
4,3189
0-3523
.0.4069
01-105
4l,464h
(F,167
door.54019
0- 5596
0,6350
10-220
0,6629
0,6864
n,6920
GB 3389.4-- 82
n,78444-82
Continued Table 1
Sample point diameter
Number of longitudinal piezoelectric strain requirements
Projected under constant electric displacement conditions
Electric field strength
represents under constant electric field conditions
any pre-rate
anti-resonant frequency (the susceptance is 0)
maximum admittance frequency
minimum Admittance frequency model
Parallel harmonic frequency
Maximum measured value of parallel harmonic frequency
Resonant frequency (susceptance is)
11 joint frequency|| tt | Electric vibration! The advantages and disadvantages of
reduced-even function of the rate
the rate constant of longitudinal length expansion and contraction
single (SI system)
m/V or C/N
V+m/N or m*/C
No unit number
No unit number
RTr+RT
GB 3389.4— 82
Continued Table 1
Mechanical quality factor
Dynamic voltage of the equivalent circuit of the vibrator under voltage
Divided voltage voltage of the transmission line
Transmission Terminal resistance of the line
Variable resistor
Cross-sectional area of the sample
Open circuit elastic compliance coefficient
Short circuit elastic compliance coefficient
Sample Original degree
Longitudinal sound velocitywww.bzxz.net
Gating frequency
Admittance of insect plate
Piezoelectric embedded minimum impedance
Mass air dielectric constant (=8.8×10~1)
Relative dielectric constant
Density of electric ceramics
Unit (SI system)||tt ||No unit number
Especially unit price number
Especially single random number
No unit number
GB3389.4—82
Longitudinal length shrinkage The material parameter calculation formula and unit calculation formula of the moving mold
Longitudinal length and contraction
Vibration frequency constant
Longitudinal sound velocity
Relative dielectric band ratio
Longitudinal electromechanical coupling
Mechanical quality factor
Longitudinal piezoelectric strain
Longitudinal piezoelectricity
Open-circuit elastic soft face
Zunlu elastic soft source| |tt||Vo-21 -f4
g（4)
2xfs R,(C+(i)(ff)
da-k te rp sayl:||tt| |42-0+f
Unit (SI system)
No unit number
C/N m/V
-m/Nutm2/C||tt ||0,1213
GB3389.4—82
4f/f, ~k number table
(supplement)
4,3189
0-3523
.0.4069
01-105
4l,464h
(F,167
door.54019
0- 5596
0,6350
10-220
0,6629
0,6864
n,6920
GB 3389.4-- 82
n,7844
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