JB/T 4368.4-1996 Performance test specifications for CNC horizontal lathes
Some standard content:
Machinery Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China
CNC Horizontal Lathes
Performance Test Specifications
Subject Content and Scope of Application
This standard specifies the test items and scope of CNC horizontal lathes Test method JB/T 4368.4--96
This standard is suitable for type testing and product level evaluation of CNC horizontal lathes with a maximum turning diameter of 200 to 1000mm and a maximum turning length of 5000mm. Its test items, test conditions and test methods can be used as a reference for simple CNC horizontal lathes and other series of CNC horizontal lathes.
2 cited standards
GB3785 Electroacoustic performance and test method of sound level meter GB4215
Determination of noise and sound power level of metal cutting machine tools GB9061
General technology for metal cutting machine tools Conditions
Evaluation method for position accuracy of numerically controlled machine tools GB10931
GB/T 1804
General tolerances Unnoted tolerances for linear dimensions
GB/T16462 Accuracy of CNC horizontal lathes Inspection JB/T4368.3
CNC horizontal lathe technical conditions
ZBJ50002 general technical conditions for machine tool numerical control system ZB J50 004
3 basic requirements
metal cutting machine tool noise Determination of sound pressure level 3.1 This standard supplements and specifies standards such as GB9061, 2BJ50002 and their supporting general test methods. When testing according to this standard, the machine tool must comply with the provisions of the original standard. 3.2 The machine tools tested should be products that have passed inspection according to standards such as accuracy and technical conditions. 3.3 The test site should comply with relevant standard requirements and should meet the following normal test atmospheric conditions: a, ambient temperature: 15~35°C;
b. Relative humidity: 45%~75%;
c. Atmospheric pressure; 86~106 kPa.
3.4 ??Testing instruments and measuring instruments should be verified or calibrated by the statutory metrology department designated by the state, and must have a verification certificate. 3.5 Before the test, install and adjust the machine tool according to the instructions for use, and re-inject an appropriate amount of lubricating oil. Substitute lubricating oil is not allowed. 3.6 The coordinate regulations of the machine tool are shown in Figure 1.
The Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China approved the implementation on 1996-10-01 on 1996-04-11
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4 test projects
8 inclined lathe beds||tt| |JB/T4368.4-96
, the direction perpendicular to the main plane, Z - workpiece axis; C' - workpiece rotation direction UV, W - the coordinates of the second tool post of the double tool post CNC lathe corresponding to XY, Z, its direction is related to X, Y, The Z square is the same as Figure 1
The test items of each series of CNC horizontal lathes are as specified in Table 1. Table 1
Test items
Functional test
Noise test
Idle running perturbation test
Temperature rise and thermal deformation test
Static Stiffness test
Transmission efficiency test
Dynamic performance test
Position accuracy test
Rotation accuracy test
Linear motion uniformity test
Work Accuracy test
Production capacity test
Continuous operation test
CNC horizontal lathe
General type
o
o||tt| |o
O
o
o
0
o
o
o
o
o
o
Note: ①○ is the test items that should be carried out. CNC horizontal
Chuck lathe
o
O
o
0
o
Q||tt ||o
O
0
O
0
②^ is because the corresponding test content items need to be reduced due to structural effects (such as no tailstock) . ③When the two axes can work at the same time, the two axes need to run at the same time during the test. 5 Test content
5.1 Functional test
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CNC horizontal tool arrangement
Chuck lathe
o
0||tt ||O
0
O
o
0
0
O
O
O
CNC horizontal double-axis
Chuck lathe
0
o
A
o
o| |tt||O
Q
0
o
A
o
o
5.1.1 Manual Functional test
5.1.1.1 Test conditions
JB/T 4368.4—96
a. The working voltage remains within the range of +10% to -15% of the rated value; b. Power grid interference and external radiation interference do not exceed the requirements of ZBJ50002. 5.1.1.2 Test method
Use buttons, switches or manual operation to conduct functional tests on the machine tool to test the flexibility, smoothness and reliability of its movements. a. Select any spindle speed and power tool spindle speed, start the spindle and power tool holder mechanism to perform continuous tests of forward rotation, reverse rotation, and stop (including braking). The continuous operation shall be no less than 7 times: b. Spindle and The main axis of the power tool is subjected to low, medium and high speed conversion tests. The difference between the command value of the speed and the displayed value (or actual measured value) shall not be greater than 5%;
c. Select any feed amount, control the start feed and stop actions continuously, and perform working feed and rapid feed tests on the entire strokes of the Z-axis, X-axis, and C'-axis. The rapid strokes of the B-axis and X-axis should be More than 1/2 full stroke. No less than 7 consecutive operations in forward and reverse directions. And measure the rapid feed speed and acceleration and deceleration characteristics. Test the fluctuation of servo motor current, and the allowable difference is specified by the manufacturer: d. Conduct low, medium and high feed conversion tests on the entire stroke of the Z-axis, Test; f. Make the tailstock and tailstock spindle move manually or mechanically throughout its entire stroke; g: For moving parts with locking mechanisms, perform a locking test at any position during its entire stroke, tilted and vertical The slide plate of the guide rail should not fall after cutting off the power:
h． The rotary tool holder is used for various indexing clamping tests; i. The hydraulic, lubrication, and cooling systems are tested for sealing, lubrication, and cooling performance, requiring easy adjustment, flexible movement, good lubrication, and sufficient cooling, and each system must not leak; || tt||j. Chip removal and chip transport device testing,
machine tools with automatic clamping and tool changing mechanisms should be tested for automatic clamping and tool changing; k.
The C-axis with indexing positioning mechanisms should be divided Degree positioning test: functional test of various indicator lights, photoelectric readers, ventilation systems and other functions of the digital control device; m.
Clamping and loosening of the chuck to test its flexibility and reliability; n.| |tt||Functional test of safety, insurance and protective devices of machine tools; p.
Measure the braking time at the highest rotation speed of the spindle and take the average of 7 times; q
Automatic monitoring, automatic Auxiliary function tests such as tool setting, automatic measurement, and automatic loading and unloading devices. r.
The sealing, lubrication and cooling performance test of the hydraulic lubrication and cooling system requires easy operation, flexible movement, good lubrication and sufficient cooling, and no leakage in each system.
5.1.2 Control function test
5.1.2.1 Test conditions
According to the provisions of 5,1,1.1.
5.1.2.2 Test methodwwW.bzxz.Net
Use CNC control instructions to conduct functional tests on machine tools to test the flexibility and functional reliability of their movements. a. The spindle is tested for forward and reverse rotation, stopping and changing the spindle speed (low, medium and high speed tests for the continuously variable transmission mechanism; various speed tests for the stepped transmission mechanism);
b. The feed mechanism conducts low, medium and high feed amount and rapid feed conversion tests; cC axis, X axis and Z axis linkage test,
d. The rotary tool holder performs various indexing clamping tests, selects a station to measure the indexing time of adjacent tool positions and 180° rotation, 7 times in a row, and takes the average value;
e. Test feed Coordinate overtravel, manual data input, coordinate position display, reference point return, program number indication and retrieval, program temporary 45
JB/T 4368.4—96
Stop, program end, program elimination, single-step feed, linear interpolation, arc interpolation, linear cutting cycle, taper cutting cycle, thread cutting cycle, circular cutting cycle, tool position compensation, pitch The reliability of compensation, gap interpolation and other panel and program functions specified in the instructions and the flexibility of movement.
5.2 Noise test
5.2.1 Sound pressure level test
5.2.1.1 Test conditions
The machine tool should run at medium speed for 30min before the test
b, During testing, the chuck should be installed on the machine tool and the protective door should be closed; c. The forward and reverse rotation of the spindle should be tested step by step (the stepless speed change should include several levels of low, medium and high speed). When testing the machine tool with two spindles, in addition to testing each spindle separately, additional tests should be added when the two spindles are running at the same time. Noise test. 5.2.1.2 Test method
Carry out the test according to ZBJ50004. And draw the size of the measurement environment and the installation position of the machine tool in proportion, as well as the size and shape of the reflective objects around the machine tool. Explain the material properties of floors, walls, ceilings, etc. Measuring points and test methods:
a.
The microphone is 1.5m high from the ground, and the plane measuring point position is as specified in Figure 2. 6
1000
b.
data;
L/2
Figure 2
L/2
oo0
Measure the sound pressure level at points 1 to 6 at the rotational speed with the highest sound pressure level, then determine the position of the 7th point with the highest sound pressure level, and record the sound measured at the 7th position at all levels of rotational speed. Pressure level, when recording data, the sound quality (such as the presence or absence of noise and its characteristics) must be noted; when the background noise is 3~10dB(A) less than the machine tool operating noise, the sound level meter reading shall be corrected according to ZBJ50004, d.| |tt||New products and improved machine tools enable spectral analysis. e.
5.2.2 Sound power test (only conducted during type inspection) shall be tested according to the "simple method" specified in GB4215. The background noise must be lower than the measured noise by more than 3dB(A), and its correction The value is as specified in Table 2 of GB4215.
5.2.2.1 Test conditions
According to the provisions of 5.2.1.1. | |tt | dimensions and (see Figure 3).
b. The surface of a rectangular hexahedron is used as the measurement surface. The vertical distance (measurement distance) from each measurement surface to the reference body is 1mc. The basic measurement points are specified as 6 points (see Figure 3). The 6th point in Figure 3 is the horizontal plane at height five. The point at which the maximum A-weighted sound pressure level is read,
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JB/T 4368.4-96
Additional measuring points: For machine tools with a length greater than 2.5m, when 1 When the difference between the maximum and minimum sound pressure levels among ~5 points exceeds 5dB(A), measuring points 7, 8, 9, and 10 need to be added (see Figure 3). 10 X
001
Basic measuring point; |tt||a.
Lp: = L'p: Ki:
where: Lpi
L'P
Ki.
b .
The sound pressure level of the measuring point, dBA);
The reading value of the sound level meter at point i, dB (A); The correction value of the background noise at point i, dB (A). Average sound pressure level
Lp= 1olg()
Where: Lp average sound pressure level, dBA)
N--the total number of measuring points.
1109
Note: When the variation range of Lp value does not exceed 5dB(A), Lp can use its arithmetic mean value. c. Environmental correction value
(1)
-(2)
According to the "Tube Method" in GB4215, the environmental correction value K2 should be less than 7dB (A). Use the comparison method Determine K2, that is, use the standard sound source to determine the correction value:
K2 Lw— Lw
where: K,
L'w
Lws||tt ||Environmental correction value, dB(A);
The sound power level of the standard sound source measured in the measurement environment, dB(A); L'w = Lp+10lg(S/So)| |tt||Calibrated sound power level of Biaoxiong sound source, dB(A): (3)
(4)
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JB/T 4368.4—96||tt ||S—measurement surface area, S=4(ab+ca),m\;S,—reference surface area, S=1,m2.
The standard sound source is placed according to the parallel method, that is, the standard sound source. The source is placed on the ground around the machine tool at the I-И position 50mm away from the machine tool (see Figure 2). The same rectangular measuring surface as the machine tool under test is used, and the arithmetic mean of K2 at each position is taken as the sound power K2; d. The level is calculated according to formula (5):
Lw = (Lp— z)+10lg(S/So)
where: L——sound power level, dB(A) 5.2.2.4. Test equipment and precautions
a A sound level meter can be used to measure point by point, or a complete set of instruments can be used to directly measure the sound power level; b. The sound level meter used for testing should comply with the Type I sound level meter in GB3785 Regulations: (5)
Use the "slow" reading of the sound level meter. When the pointer fluctuates within ±3dB (A), the average of the readings should be taken. When the fluctuation is greater than the heart rate
3dB(A), the method of obtaining the value should be explained; d. Use an extension cable or extension rod between the microphone and the sound level meter. 5.3 Dry running vibration test
5.3.1 Absolute vibration test
Test the absolute vibration of the spindle box, tool rest, and tailstock in three coordinate directions at various levels of rotational speed. 5.3.1.1 Test conditions
The machine tool should be idle for 30 minutes at medium speed before the test;a.
b. During the test, the machine tool should be equipped with a chuck, and the tailstock should be fixed at the end of the machine bed without any feed movement; c. The spindle starts to rotate forward and reverse from the lowest speed, and the vibration of each point is measured step by step (the stepless transmission should include low, medium and high levels in each gear area) until the highest speed. For machine tools with two spindles, in addition to testing the operation of each spindle separately In addition to the vibration when the two spindles are running at the same time, the vibration when the two spindles are running at the same time should be added.
d.
The measurement adopts the linear gear of the instrument, and the lower frequency limit is not higher than 10Hz. 5.3.1.2 Test method
The measuring point arrangement is as specified in Figure 4. Fix the three-way or one-way accelerometer on the measuring point indicated by the * symbol on the machine tool load-bearing component. If necessary, additional measuring points can be added, but the measurement Points must never be set on thin-walled parts such as protective covers. Record the vibration speed of the measuring point in the three directions of X, Y and Z respectively. The instrument configuration is specified in Figure 5. The resolution of the instrument should be able to meet the needs of measurement accuracy. +
a inclined guide rail
b horizontal guide rail
Figure 4
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5.3.1.3 Data processing
machine tool||tt| |JB/T 4368.4—96
Accelerometer
[Electronic Portuguese amplifier
Warp rate analyzer
Tape drive
FFT||tt| |Level recorder
Figure 5
Plot the relationship between the spindle speed and the absolute vibration speed of dry operation (see Figure 6). a.
b.
Recorder
The maximum vibration speed value in the measured data is used as the absolute vibration value of the machine tool in idle operation. mm/s
r/min
Figure 6
5.3.2 Relative vibration test (only performed during type test) 5.3.2.1 Test conditions
According to 5.3. 1.1 Provisions.
5.3.2.2 Test method
Instrument configuration block diagram (see picture).
Standard steel ball
Contact relative sensor
xo:
60~80
Tester exposure
Picture?
a
The machine tool chuck holds a standard steel ball with a roundness less than or equal to 0.4um, and adjusts its eccentricity to less than or equal to 2um. Or clamp the test piece on the chuck (according to 5.7.1.2b) and finish it. Its surface roughness Ra should be less than 1.6um; b. A non-contact sensor is installed in the X direction of the spindle axis to measure the relative vibration amplitude (peak-beep value) between the spindle and the tool holder. 5.3.3Data processing
a. Draw the spindle speed and relative vibration amplitude diagram (see Figure 8); obtain the maximum vibration amplitude value from the measured data as the relative motion data of the machine tool during dry operation. b.
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5.4 Temperature rise and thermal deformation test
um
JB/T 4368.4---96
Figure 8||tt| |r/min
Measure the temperature rise and change patterns of the spindle bearings, lubricating oil and other main heat sources when the spindle is running at high and medium speeds. The test should run continuously for 180 minutes.
5.4.1 Temperature rise test
5.4.1.1 Test conditions
a.
In order to ensure that the machine tool starts the test in a cold state, it shall not work within 16 hours before the test. Do not stop during the test;
b.
The quantity and brand of lubricating oil should be checked before the test and comply with the instructions for use. 5.4.1.2 Temperature rise measurement method
The spindle is running continuously and the temperature rise is measured every 15 minutes. Finally, the temperature value of the measured part is used to draw a time-temperature rise curve, and the temperature rise value of continuous operation for 180 minutes is used as the assessment data (see Figure 9). 120 | Notes:
a. The temperature measuring point should be chosen as close to the component being measured as possible. The spindle bearing temperature should be measured using the temperature measurement process hole. On machine tools without temperature measurement process holes, thermocouples can be installed in the fastening screw holes of the front and rear flanges of the spindle, grease is poured into the screw holes, and the holes are sealed with plasticine or tape;
b. The room temperature measuring point should be set at any spatial location 500mm away from the machine tool at the center of the machine tool, and the oil tank temperature measuring point should be as close to the oil suction port as possible.
5.4.1.3 Temperature measurement system
8. The temperature measurement system uses a thermocouple, and any test system shown in Figure 10 can be used depending on the conditions. The thermocouple is calibrated with a mercury thermometer with a graduation value of 0.1°C before use. In addition, a multi-point data acquisition system can also be used to measure the temperature of each point through automatic correction. When conditions are not met, other temperature measurement instruments can be used; b. The diameter of the solder joint at the working end of the thermocouple is a small ball with a diameter of 0.3~0.5mm. In order to make the thermocouple better adhere to the surface of the object to be measured, the solder joint can be welded near the coal point. Put on a small piece of copper.
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Machine tool
5.4.2 Thermal displacement test
Thermal code
中
ice bottle
(oc )
JB/T 4368.4--96
Digital voltmeter
Multi-point switch
Change switch
Figure 10
Potential difference Meter
Photoelectric galvanometer
Printer
Photoelectric galvanometer
Recorder
Measure the spindle in the X direction and Y direction during the spindle dry operation The maximum linear displacement, angular displacement and Z-direction linear displacement of the taper hole axis. Thermal displacement test and temperature rise test should be carried out at the same time
The thermal displacement expression method is as specified in Figure 11 and Table 2. Text direction
Shaft load
Spindle hole comparison after rotation
Spindle hole axis after operation
Spindle hole axis before operation.
Oblique guide
Spindle taper hole cutting after operation
Y direction
Spindle taper hole axis before operation
X direction
z
Spindle vertebral foramen axis after operation
Horizontal guide rail
b
Figure 11
51
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