GB/T 27836-2011 Test methods for hazardous classification of chemicals External fire (bonfire) test GB/T27836-2011 |tt||Standard compression package decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, equipment and materials, test procedures and result judgment of the external fire (bonfire) test of explosive substances, explosive packages or unpackaged explosives in chemicals. This standard is applicable to the external fire (bonfire) test of explosive substances, explosive packages or unpackaged explosives in chemicals to determine whether an explosion occurs in the fire or there are dangerous projections, radiant heat, violent combustion or other harmful and hazardous effects.
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. || tt||
This standard refers to the United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations" (16th revised edition) and the United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Manual of Tests and Criteria" (5th revised edition).
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Dangerous Chemicals Management Standards (SAC/TC251).
The drafting units of this standard: Hunan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center, Tianjin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Jiangnan University.
The main drafters of this standard: Wang Libing, Li Ningtao, Han Wei, Xu Chuanlai, Yu Yanjun, Lu Gang.
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations" (16th revised edition)
United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Manual of Tests and Criteria" (5th revised edition)

ICS 13.300
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 27836-2011
Test method for hazard classification of chemicals---External fire (bonfire) testIssued on 2011-12-30
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaAdministration of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on August 1, 2012
This standard was drafted according to the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. GB/T27836-2011
This standard refers to the United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations (Sixteenth Edition) and the United Nations "Construction Manual of Inspection and Standards for the Transport of Dangerous Goods" [Fifth Revised Edition]. This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for the Management of Dangerous Chemicals (SAC/TC251). The drafting units of this standard are: Hunan Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center, Tianlu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Jiangnan University. The main drafters of this standard are: Wang Libing, Li Ningtao, Han Wei, Xu Chuanmi, Yu Yanjun, and Lv Gang. TTKANYKAcA
1 Scope
Test methods for hazardous classification of chemicals
External fire (bonfire) test
GB/T27836—2011
This standard specifies the terms and conditions for the external fire (bonfire) test of explosive substances, explosive packages or unpackaged explosives in chemicals. Definitions, equipment and materials, test procedures and result judgment. This standard applies to the external fire (fire) test of explosive substances in chemicals, explosive packaging or unpackaged explosive articles to determine whether an explosion occurs in the fire or there is dangerous radiation, radiant heat, violent combustion or other harmful dangerous effects. 2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated references, the version with the date applies to this document. For all undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations (Sixteenth Revised Edition) United Nations Construction, Tests and Standards for the Transport of Dangerous Goods (Fifth Revised Edition) 3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in the United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations", "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Tests and Standards Manual" and the following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3. F
Explosion
Chemical reaction or change of state which produces high temperature and releases large quantities of gas in a short time, thereby causing high pressure in the surrounding medium. 3.2
Explosive substances Substances which are themselves capable of producing gases by chemical reaction at temperatures, pressures and velocities high enough to cause damage to the surrounding medium. Pyrotechnic substances are included even if they do not release gases.
Explosivearticleg
Explosive article
Articles containing one or more explosive substances. 3. 4
Mass explosionbZxz.net
An explosion affecting almost the entire load instantly. 3.5
1. 1 Division 1. 1 article Substances, mixtures and articles which have a mass explosion hazard (a mass explosion is an explosion affecting almost the entire load almost instantly). 3, 6
1. 2 Division 1. 2 Article Substances, mixtures and articles with a projection hazard but no explosion hazard, 1
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GB/T27836—2011
1. 3 Division 1. 3 Article Substances, quasi-compounds and articles with a burning hazard and a slight explosion hazard or a slight projection hazard or both hazards, but no overall explosion hazard:
- The combustion of these substances, mixtures and articles produces considerable radiant heat; or-- They burn successively, producing a slight explosion or projection effect or both effects. 3.8
1. 4 Division 1. 4 Article Substances, mixtures and articles that do not present a major hazard: substances, mixtures and articles that only produce a small hazard when ignited or detonated. The scope of its impact is mainly limited to hand packaging, and the ejected fragments are not expected to be large and the range is not far. External fire will not cause an instantaneous explosion of almost all the articles in the package.
S Compatibility group S
Packaging or design as follows: + Except in the case of fire damage, any dangerous effects caused by accidental detonation will not extend to the packages. In the case of fire damage, all explosion and projection effects are limited so as not to hinder or prevent fire fighting or other emergency measures in the immediate vicinity of the packages.
4 Equipment and materials
4.1 Support
Metal grid with effective placement of packages, the grid is 1.0 above the ground. 4.2 Fuel
Material impregnated with kerosene.
4.3 Witness plate
Lead plate, 2000mm×2000mm×2mm (Brinell hardness 23, tensile strength 90MPa) 4.4 Ignition system
Ignitor or device capable of igniting the fuel (4.2) from both sides simultaneously. 4.5 Color camera with high-speed and normal-speed functions. 4.6 Shock wave measuring instrument,
4.7 Radiometer.
5 Test steps
Warning: This test has potential explosion hazard. The test site should meet the relevant explosive material test requirements. The test personnel should have the necessary safety knowledge and safety protection. For the safety of the test personnel, a small-scale toughness test should be carried out before trying to handle a large number of samples.
5.1 Stack no less than 3 packages or unpackaged products with a total volume of no less than 0.15m on the support and tie them together. Note: If the volume of a package or unpackaged article is greater than 0.15m, the requirement to test three packages or unpackaged articles can be exempted. 5.2 Stack the fuel under the grille of the support at least 1m beyond the edge of the grille (4.2). Stack it in a grid with a spacing of 100mm, so that the combustion can last for at least 30min. The stacking method should ensure that the air is unobstructed when the fuel burns to reduce smoke. The heating rate should be as close as possible to that which may occur in a transport accident, with a temperature of at least 800 °C.
5.3 Use wooden stakes to erect the witness plate (4.3) on three sides of the specimen, 4 meters from the outer surface of the specimen, and do not place the witness plate on the leeward side. Install the test and recording instruments in appropriate positions.
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GB/T 27836—2011
5.4 After placing the ignition system (4.4) in appropriate positions, ignite the fuel (4.2) placed under the grid from both sides at the same time, one of which is the windward side, so that the fire surrounds the specimen. The test should be carried out under the condition that the wind speed does not exceed 6 t/s. After the fire is extinguished, wait for a safe period of time. 5.5 Observe and record the following conditions;
5.5.1 Signs of explosion of the sample
5.5.2 Dangerous projectiles:
5.5.3 Thermal effects.
5.6 The test is usually conducted only once, but if a considerable amount of explosive material remains unburned in the residue or near the fire zone after all the fuel used for combustion has been burned, then more fuel should be used or the intensity and/or duration of the fire should be increased, and another test should be conducted. If the test results cannot determine the hazard category, another test should be conducted. 6 Conclusion
6.1 If a mass explosion occurs during the test, the sample is classified as 1.1 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations (16th revised edition).
6.2 If there is no mass explosion, but any of the following conditions occurs: - the sample is classified as Item 1.2 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations (16th revised edition):
6.2.1 The verification plate is pierced.
6.2.2 A metal projectile with a mass exceeding 2g is projected 83.6m beyond the sample boundary or a metal projectile with a mass exceeding 150g is projected 25.6m beyond the sample boundary. 6.3 If the phenomena described in 6.1 and 6.2 do not occur, but one of the following conditions occurs, the sample is judged to be Item 1.3 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations (16th revised edition): 6.3.1 The fireball or flame extends beyond any witness plate. 6.3.2 The burning material ejected from the sample is ejected beyond the boundary by 15m. 6.3.3 The burning time of the sample measured is less than 35s/100kg net explosive mass or the irradiance of the jet flame exceeds 4kW/m at 15m from the sample boundary (the maximum radiation output time recorded should exceed 5s). 6.4 If the phenomena described in 6.1-6.3 do not occur, but one of the following situations occurs, the sample is judged to have encountered the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations (16th revised edition) > 1.4 (not belonging to S compatibility group): 6.4.1 1 fireball or flame is projected to more than 1m away from the fire flame; 6.4.2 The burning material ejected from the sample is projected to more than 5m away from the sample; 6.4.3 Any verification plate (4.3) has a scratch greater than 4mm deep; 6.4.4 Metal projectiles with a mass exceeding 25g are projected 46.8m away from the sample boundary or metal projectiles with a mass exceeding 150g are projected 11.4Ⅱ away from the sample boundary; 6.4.5 The measured burning time of the sample is less than 330s/100kg net explosive mass. 6.5 If the phenomena described in 6.1 to 6.4 do not occur, although certain projectiles, thermal effects or blast wave effects are generated, they do not seriously affect the fire extinguishing or other deliberate measures in the vicinity of the package, then the sample belongs to the S compatibility group of 1.4 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Draft Model Regulations (16th revised edition). 6.6 If the phenomena described in 6.1 to 6.5 do not occur, the following possibilities exist: 6.6.1 If the sample is a product (device) produced to produce actual explosion and pyrotechnic effects, and certain effects (projectiles, flames, smoke, heat or loud noises) are produced outside the product (device) itself, then the product (device) does not belong to the S compatibility group of 1.4 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Draft Model Regulations (16th revised edition); but if there are no above-mentioned effects outside the product (device), then the product (device) does not belong to explosives: 6.6.2 If the sample is not a product (device) produced to produce actual explosion and pyrotechnic effects, then the product (device) does not belong to explosives.
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