Some standard content:
JB8655-1997
The electrical safety requirements of this standard are not equivalent to IEC335-2-40:1992 "Special requirements for the safety of household and similar electrical appliances, heat pump air conditioners and dehumidifiers" (i.e. GB4706.32-1996 "Special requirements for the safety of household and similar electrical appliances, heat pump air conditioners and dehumidifiers") and are consistent with IEC335-1:1991 "General requirements for the safety of household and similar electrical appliances" (i.e. GB4706.1-92 "General requirements for the safety of household and similar electrical appliances". Since this standard is a three-phase power supply, it is applicable to commercial use in addition to household and similar purposes. and industrial use. The mechanical safety requirements of this standard refer to the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers standard ANSI/ASHRAE15-1992 "Mechanical Refrigeration Safety Code". This standard is published for the first time.
This standard is proposed and coordinated by the Refrigeration Equipment Standardization Technical Committee of the Ministry of Machinery Industry. The drafting units of this standard: Guangdong Huabao Air Conditioner Factory and Hefei General Machinery Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard: Zhou Zicheng, Ge Chuanshi, and Zhang Mingsheng. 419
1 Scope
Mechanical Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China
Unitary air conditioners
Safety requirements
Safety requirements of unitary air conditioners conditionersJB8655-1997
This standard specifies the safety requirements for unit air conditioners (cooling only, heat pump, heat pump with auxiliary electric heating and pure electric heating) (hereinafter referred to as air conditioners) with a cooling capacity of more than 7000W and a rated voltage of less than 600V and air-cooled and water-cooled three-phase power supply.
This standard does not apply to room air conditioners with single-phase power supply, nor to air conditioners heated by gas, and air conditioners with non-mechanical cooling methods.
2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards are constituted by reference in this standard The following are the provisions of this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB4208-93 Enclosure protection grade (IP code) GB4343--1995 Household and similar electric and electric heating appliances, electric tools and similar electrical appliances Radio interference characteristics measurement methods and allowable values
GB4706.1-92
General safety requirements for household and similar electrical appliances GB4706.32-1996 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances Special requirements for heat pump air conditioners and dehumidifiers GB 7373--87
GB 7778—87
JB 6917—93
3 Hazard list
Industrial use of difluoromonofluoromethane (F22)
Refrigerant number representation method
Pressure vessels for refrigeration equipment
See Table 1 for the hazard factors of air conditioners.
Table 1 Hazard list
I. Mechanical hazards
Mechanical hazards
2 Structural hazards
Technical requirements
13. 1 ~~ 13. 6
16. 1~~16.7
20.1~20.6
Approved by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China on November 19, 1997 420
Test method
20.2 and 21.1 of GB4706.1-92
23. 1 of GB 4706. 1-92
14.2~14.9
15. 1 ~~ 15. 3
22 of GB4706.1-92, 22 of GB4706.32--199618.1
24 of GB4706.1-92
14 of GB 4706.1 -92
1998-05-01implemented
2. Hazard of refrigerant leakage
3. Hazard of starting
4. Electrical hazard
Hazard of electric shock
2. Hazard of heating
Hazard of leakage
5. Hazard of noise
6. Hazard of radio interference
7. Failure to comply with the use information
4. General requirements
JB 8655--1997
Table 1 (end)
Technical requirements
7.1~~7.2
11.1~11.5
19.1~19.3
20.1~~20.6
21.1~21.5
22.1~22.2
4.1~～4.3
Test methods
8.1, 8.8, 8.9 of GB 4706.1--9210 of GB 4706.32--1996 11 of GB4706.32—1996 19 of GB 4706.1 19 of GB 4706.2 13 of GB4706.1-1992 16.3 and 16.4 of GB4706.32-1996 15.3 of GB 4706.1—1992 23.2~23.6 of GB 4706.1--1992 24 of GB 4706.1—1992 27 of GB 4706.1—1992 29 of GB4706.1—1992 14 of GB 4706.1--1992 1
3.5.1 of GB4706.32--1996
25.1~25.5
4.1 The structure of the air conditioner shall be able to work safely in normal use, and even if possible negligence occurs in normal use, it will not cause danger to personnel and the surrounding environment. For this reason, all test items should be tested. 4.2 The inspection items specified in this standard are all type inspection items. 4.3 The maximum rated voltage of the three-phase AC air conditioner is 600V. The voltage marked on the nameplate shall not exceed 600V. 5 Protection against electric shock
5.1 The structure and casing of the air conditioner shall have sufficient protection against accidental contact with live parts. Under normal working conditions, even if the cover can be opened or the detachable parts can be removed without tools, it should be able to prevent people from accidentally contacting the live parts. 5.2 Under the correct installation state, the air conditioner shall be inspected for protection against electric shock according to 8.1, 8.8 and 8.9 of GB4706.1-92. 5.3 The rotating shaft in the housing, knob or switch of the air conditioner shall not be energized. 5.4 Exposed live parts shall be provided with isolation covers to prevent contact with people. 5.5 Uninsulated live parts in the air conditioner shall be provided with protective devices. 5.6 Electrical equipment and control components that need to be inspected, adjusted, operated or maintained shall be centrally installed in the electrical control box and have grounding protection.
6 Starting of fan motors and fully enclosed compressors 6.1 The motor shall have overheat protection or overcurrent protection to prevent overload. 421
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6.2 The starting of the air conditioner shall not cause the melting of the fuse and the disconnection of the contactor and relay. The overload protector shall not operate under normal starting conditions.
6.3 The fan motor and drive motor of the air conditioner shall meet the low-voltage starting test, that is, start three times at 85% of the rated voltage, and each start must be carried out when the motor is completely stopped. If there are several speed gears, each speed gear should be started three times. Each start can be normal. 6.4 Starting of the fully enclosed compressor of the air conditioner
The fully enclosed compressor shall meet the following starting test requirements, that is, start three times at 1.06 times the rated voltage and 0.85 times the rated voltage, and stop for 3 minutes after each start, and then start the next time. Each start should be normal. If the compressor manufacturer has a starting test report from a nationally recognized testing agency, this test can be exempted. 6.5 When the phase sequence of the three-phase wiring of the air conditioner is connected incorrectly, it should not cause any damage. Air conditioners with phase sequence protectors or prompts should have their protection and prompt functions tested.
6.6 Fuses are not allowed to be used as overload protection devices for motors. 6.7 A non-combustible material baffle should be installed under the base of the open motor to prevent objects falling out of the motor from falling on the combustible materials in the air conditioner.
7 Input power and current
Under rated voltage, rated frequency and nominal operating conditions, the input power of the air conditioner should not exceed the provisions of Table 2. 7.1
Air conditioner in nominal cooling and nominal heating conditions Maximum power condition of the air conditioner
Electric heater
Electric heater
Electric heater
Electric appliance
Electric appliance
Rated input power
Nominal value
Specified value
>100 W~1 kw
>300 W
+15% or 60W
(select the larger value)
7.2 If the rated current is marked on the air conditioner, the operating current of the air conditioner shall not be greater than 110% of the rated current under the rated voltage, rated frequency and nominal conditions.
Compliance shall be determined through visual inspection and test. 8 Heating
8.1 In normal use, the air conditioner and the surrounding environment shall not reach excessively high temperatures. 8.2 The air conditioner shall be installed in the test room according to the requirements of the manufacturer and measured under the maximum cooling condition and the maximum heating condition. 8.3 The air conditioner shall operate at any voltage between 0.94 times the minimum rated voltage and 1.06 times the maximum rated voltage to maximize the heat generated.
8.4 The electric heater shall operate at a voltage corresponding to 1.15 times the maximum rated input power. 8.5 The thermal protector shall not operate during the test. The motor winding temperature shall be measured by the resistance method and the remaining temperatures shall be measured by thermocouple wires. The temperature shall be continuously monitored and shall not exceed the provisions of Table 3. If there are materials such as sealing fillers, they shall not flow out. 422
Totally enclosed compressor motor winding:
Synthetic insulating material
Other insulating materials
JB8655—1997
Totally enclosed motor compressor housing or any other motor housing motor winding:
Class A insulating material
Class E insulating material
Class B insulating material
Class F insulating material
Class H insulating material
Rectifier used in power supply circuit:
Selenium rectifier
Germanium rectifier
Silicon rectifierwww.bzxz.net
Fuse clip and fuse contact part
Handle operated by personnel during use:||tt| |Metal handle, ceramic or glass handle
Handles of other materials
Knobs and buttons of switches, etc.:
Knobs and buttons of metal, ceramic or glassKnobs and buttons of other materials
Exterior:
Metal, ceramic or glass shell that can be touched by people during useExterior of other materials that can be touched by people during useMetal, ceramic or glass shell that people can not touch consciously during use (except the protective cover of the heating part and the hot air outlet)Exterior of other materials that people can not touch consciously during use (except the protective cover of the heating part and the hot air outlet)Exterior that people can not touch easily
9Leakage current at working temperature
9.1The air conditioner should be tested at 1.06 times the rated voltage. Temperature
9.2For air conditioners connected to fixed wiring, the leakage current should not exceed 2mA/kW rated input power.For air conditioners that are easily touched by users, the maximum leakage current should not exceed 10 mA. 9.3 The leakage current of the air conditioner shall be tested according to the method specified in 13.2 of GB4706.1-92. 10 Withstand voltage and insulation resistance
10.1 The live parts of the air conditioner and the shell (ground) shall be subjected to a withstand voltage test of 1250V, 1min. And the insulation resistance shall be measured after 1min of 500V DC voltage. The insulation resistance value shall not be less than 2MQ for basic insulation and not less than 7MQ for reinforced insulation. 10.2 The withstand voltage and insulation resistance value of the air conditioner shall be tested according to the methods specified in 16.3 and 16.4 of GB4706.1-92. 423
11 Waterproof
JB8655-1997
11.1 The electrical components of the air conditioner shall be able to prevent water from entering. The condensation water of the indoor evaporator and the defrost water of the outdoor unit during the heat pump defrosting operation shall be able to be discharged smoothly outside the machine.
11.2 When there is a drainage device at the bottom of the air conditioner, normal drainage should not affect the electrical insulation of the air conditioner. 11.3 The outdoor unit of the air conditioner should be subjected to a water spray test according to the IPX4 level in GB4208-93. Immediately after the test, a 1-minute 50Hz basic sine wave withstand voltage test should be carried out, and no breakdown should occur. See Table 4 for the test voltage. Table 4 Test voltage
Application location
Between live parts and easily accessible parts
Isolated by basic insulation
Isolated by reinforced insulation
2 Double insulated parts
Between live parts
Between easily accessible parts
3Between live parts and handles and knobs
11.4 After the water spray test, an insulation resistance test should be carried out according to 10.1, and the resistance should be greater than 1MQ. Test voltage, V
11.5 The air conditioner should be subjected to a water overflow test. Install the air conditioner in the normal use position, block the drain pipe outlet of the drain pan, and carefully fill the water slowly to the edge of the water pan without splashing. Then, let the water overflow continuously, adjust the overflow speed to 1m/s, the air flow rate to 17cm2/s, and turn on all fans. The test is carried out continuously for 30 minutes, or until the water is discharged from the water pan, the test can be stopped. During the test, there should be no water dripping in the room and no water drops blowing out of the air outlet. 12 Abnormal operation
12.1 The design of the air conditioner should avoid fire hazards, mechanical hazards that damage safety or protection against electric shock caused by abnormal operation and misoperation as much as possible. Refrigerant leakage or failure of any controller should not cause danger. 12.2 The fan motor should be subjected to a blocked rotor test. Fix the shaft of the motor rotor and energize it at rated voltage for 15 days (360h), or until the protection device permanently disconnects the circuit, whichever is shorter. The power supply polarity should be reversed every 24h. The test environment temperature is maintained at 23°C ± 5°C. If the motor winding temperature does not exceed 90°C when running in steady state, the test can be terminated. Otherwise, the shell temperature should be measured to be no more than 150°C during the entire test period, and the winding temperature should not exceed the provisions of Table 5. Table 5
Type of protection
If it is impedance protection
If it is protected by a protective device that operates during the hour, the maximum value... Protected by a protective device that operates after the hour, the maximum value protected by a protective device that operates after the first hour, the arithmetic mean value A
Classification of insulation materials and temperature limits
After 10 days (72h) from the start of the test, the motor should be subjected to the test voltage of Table 4 and should not be broken down. During the test, the 30mA residual current protector should not open. 175
At the end of the test, apply twice the rated voltage to the motor and measure the leakage current between the winding and the shell. Its value should not exceed 2mA. 12.3 For the hermetic refrigeration compressor used in the air conditioner, if there is no stall test report from the nationally recognized testing agency, the air conditioner manufacturer shall provide a sample of the hermetic refrigeration compressor for stall test and conduct the stall test according to the requirements of the stall test. 12.4 For the cooling-only air conditioner, under the condition of maximum cooling capacity, the ambient temperature is 23°C ± 5.0°C, at the rated voltage and rated frequency, the fan motor is stalled for 72 hours. However, for the structure with permanent disconnection of the protection device and manual reset protection device, only 10 operations with the manual reset device are required. The water supply of the water-cooled air conditioner shall be stopped. 125 For the cooling-heating air conditioner, under the condition of maximum heating capacity, the ambient temperature is 20°C ± 5.0°C, at the rated voltage and rated frequency, the fan motor is stalled for 72 hours. However, for the structure with permanent disconnection of the protection device and manual reset protection device, only 10 operations with the manual reset device are required. The water supply of the water-cooled air conditioner shall be stopped. 12.6 For cooling and heating type air conditioners with auxiliary electric heating, after the test in 12.4, place the air conditioner on a wooden platform with a surface that is more than 10mm thick, run the compressor and fan motor, short-circuit the automatic temperature regulator and the automatic reset temperature protector, operate at an indoor inlet temperature of 20°C, and measure the temperature of the cabinet and the wooden platform. For air conditioners with non-automatic reset temperature protectors, it is necessary to measure the highest temperature when the protector is activated.
12.7 When conducting tests in 12.4, 12.5, and 12.6, the surface temperature of the air conditioner casing and the wooden platform should not exceed 150°C. 13 Mechanical strength, quality and mechanical hazards 13.1 The air conditioner should have sufficient mechanical strength, and its structure should be able to withstand rough operations that may occur in normal use. Use the impact test specified in 21.1 of GB4706.1-92 to determine whether it is qualified. 13.2 The air conditioner should not fall over when placed on a plane with an angle of 10° to the horizontal plane without a connecting pipe. 13.3 Air conditioners with auxiliary electric heating should be tested on a plane with an angle of 15° to the horizontal plane and should not overturn. If they overturn in one or more directions (but meet the requirements of 13.2), the test of Chapter 8 should be carried out at each overturned position, and the temperature rise should not exceed the provisions of Table 3. 13.4 Air conditioners with a mass exceeding 40kg are still qualified if they can overturn with a force of 100N on the side when tested in accordance with 13.2 and 13.3.
13.5 Under normal use, operating parts that may be touched by personnel should be equipped with appropriate protective covers or protective nets to provide adequate protection against personal injury. Protective covers, protective nets or similar parts should be non-detachable parts and should have sufficient mechanical strength. Check whether they are safe by using the test finger specified in 20.2 of GB4706.1-92. The test finger should not touch dangerous moving parts. 13.6 Pressure vessel parts in air conditioners should comply with the provisions of JB6917. 14 Materials
14.1 Materials in contact with refrigerant in air conditioners shall not be materials that interact with refrigerant or lubricating oil in the presence of air or water vapor, thereby causing safety hazards. 14.2 Magnesium and magnesium alloys shall not be used in parts in contact with R22 in air conditioners. 14.3 The materials used in various parts of the air conditioner should have heat resistance under normal use conditions. They should be harmless to the human body. 14.4 Electrical insulation and heat insulation materials should be able to withstand the temperature of the parts in contact or close to them. And the hygroscopicity should be small. 14.5 Electrical insulation materials used in parts that may be affected by arcs should not cause harmful deformation and harmful reduction of insulation performance due to arcs.
14.6 Iron and steel (except stainless steel) should be electroplated, painted, oil-quenched and other appropriate rust-proof treatments. However, parts that will not be dangerous due to oxidation are not subject to this restriction.
14.7 The outer shell material of the air conditioner used outdoors (including under the eaves) should be made of metal that is not easy to rust, metal that has been treated with rust prevention, synthetic rubber, ceramics, etc. Or synthetic resin that does not expand, crack, crack or other abnormal phenomena after being naturally cooled in the air at 80℃±3℃ for 1 hour.
14.8 The terminals and grounding terminals for connecting the power cord should be made of copper, copper alloy or stainless steel. 14.9 The thermal insulation material or sound insulation material used around the electric heater should have flame retardant properties. 15 Design pressure
15.1 The design pressure of the air conditioner should be greater than the maximum pressure of any foreseeable normal design condition, including the maximum pressure caused by reasonable scaling on the surface of the heat exchanger, and the internal pressure generated by exposure to the foreseeable highest temperature air during transportation. 425
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15.2 Under normal circumstances, the design pressure of air conditioners using R22 shall not be less than 2MPa for water-cooled condensers and shall not be less than 2.8MPa for air-cooled condensers.
15.3 The refrigeration system of the air conditioner shall be able to withstand the pressure caused by the design pressure and mechanical stress. 16 Structure
16.1 The structure of the air conditioner shall prevent the electrical insulation from being affected by water droplets that may condense on the surface of the evaporator, and shall not be affected by the drainage trough, drainage hose and other components during drainage. Even if the hose is broken or the seal leaks, the electrical insulation will not be affected. The qualification shall be judged by visual inspection.
16.2 The outdoor unit of the split air conditioner shall not cause danger to the live parts when it is exposed to rain or frost and snow. The qualification shall be checked by visual inspection and water spray test.
16.3 The auxiliary electric heater or electric heater should have at least two thermal releases: the thermal release that is scheduled to act first can be an automatic reset thermal release, and the other thermal releases should be non-automatic reset thermal releases. 16.4 The power circuit of the air conditioner equipped with a remote control should not be closed unless the switch on the machine body and the remote control are operated. 16.5 The switch used by the user should indicate the on-off operation or on-off status in a visible place with words, symbols or colors. However, this limitation does not apply to those that are inconvenient to mark.
16.6 The air conditioner that uses an auxiliary electric heater or electric heater for heating should ensure that the electric heater circuit will not be closed when the fan circuit is disconnected. Or the switches of the fan and electric heater can be turned on and off at the same time. However, this limitation does not apply to those equipped with an automatic delay mechanism or the electric heater will not cause a fire hazard due to the increase in temperature when the fan circuit is disconnected. 16.7 The air conditioner should be equipped with a connector for recovering refrigerant. 17 Refrigerant
17.1 The refrigerant used in the air conditioner shall comply with the requirements of GB7778 and GB7373. 17.2 The refrigeration system of the air conditioner shall be leak-proof by an electronic halogen leak detector with a sensitivity higher than 14g/year, and no leakage shall be allowed. 18 Safety protection measures
The air conditioner shall have at least one of the following safety protection devices to eliminate excessive pressure increase caused by abnormal factors: a) Temperature sensing element and control system for over-temperature protection; b) Pressure sensing element and control system for over-pressure protection; c) Fusible plug;
d) Explosion element;
e) Bypass valve.
Fusible plug shall only be used in air conditioners with a gross volume of less than 0.08m2 inside the refrigerant filling container. 19 Internal wiring
19.1 The wiring trough shall be smooth and without sharp edges. The wires shall be protected and shall not come into contact with burrs, aluminum sheets of the heat exchanger, etc., so as not to damage the wiring insulation. The metal hole through which the insulated wire passes shall have a smooth surface and an insulating sleeve. Compliance shall be determined by visual inspection. 19.2 Internal wiring and electric heating tubes must be firmly fixed or well insulated. 19.3 Yellow/green two-color wires can only be connected to the ground terminal and not to other terminals. 20 Components
20.1 All components used in air conditioners shall comply with the safety requirements of the corresponding standards of the components and shall be subject to the inspection of this standard as part of the air conditioner.
20.2 The rated voltage (V) and rated capacitance (μF) of capacitors shall be marked. 426
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20.3 Thermostats shall comply with the relevant provisions of Appendix A of GB4706.1-92. 20.4 There shall be no switches or automatic controllers connected to the flexible wires in the air conditioner. 20.5 The capacitors in the air conditioner shall not be connected between the two contacts of the thermal circuit breaker. 20.6 Bare electric heating wires shall not be used in the air conditioner. For exposed electric heating wires with support, this restriction does not apply if the electric heating wire cannot contact the grounded metal parts or easily accessible metal parts when it breaks. 21 Grounding device
Easily accessible metal parts that may become energized in the event of insulation failure during the operation of the air conditioner should be permanently and reliably connected to the grounding device.
21.2 Determine whether the grounding device meets the requirements through the following test. Use an AC or DC power supply with a no-load voltage not exceeding 12V to pass 1.5 times the rated current of the air conditioner or 25A (the larger of the three) through the grounding terminal or grounding contact and each accessible metal part in turn. Measure the voltage drop between the grounding terminal or grounding contact and the accessible metal parts, and calculate the resistance value based on the current and voltage. In any case, the resistance value should not exceed 0.1. 21.3 The nominal diameter of the grounding terminal screw should be greater than 4mm (hexagonal screws, large head spherical screws and other fastening screws should be greater than 3.5mm). 21.4 The grounding screw shall not be used for installation other than grounding. 21.5 The ground lead wire should be one of the following: a) 1.6mm diameter soft copper wire;
b) 2mm2 or more nominal cross-sectional area of soft copper wire; c) 1.25mm2 nominal cross-sectional area of single core soft wire; d) 0.75mm2 nominal cross-sectional area of single core soft wire. 22 Creepage distance, electrical clearance and through insulation distance 22.1 The minimum creepage distance of the air conditioner should be 4mm, and the minimum electrical clearance should be 3mm. 22.2 For motor-compressor, the creepage distance and electrical clearance between live parts of different polarities and between live parts and easily accessible metal parts for circuits with AC voltage greater than 250V (peak value 354V) shall not be less than the values shown in Table 6. Table 6
Voltage (peak value), V
>354~500
≥500~630
>630～800
≥800~1 000
The noise of the air conditioner shall not exceed the provisions of Table 7. Table 7
Nominal cooling capacity
≤14000
>14000~28000
≥28 000~50 000
>50000~80000
With air duct
Electrical clearance, mm
Noise limit (sound pressure level)
Indoor unit
Without air duct
Creep distance, mm
Outdoor unit
Nominal cooling capacity
≥80 000~100 000
>100000~150.000
>150000~200000
>200 000
24 Anti-interference performance
With air duct
According to supply agreement
According to supply agreement
JB 8655--1997
Table 7 (end)
Indoor unit
Without air duct
Outdoor unit
According to supply agreement
According to supply agreement
The control system of the air conditioner controlled by microcomputer shall have the performance of suppressing radio and television interference. Tested according to GB4343, it shall meet the requirements of the standard for limiting the interference effect. 25 Information for use
25.1 When the air conditioner is normally installed, the model and main specifications of the air conditioner, the maximum working pressure, the type and charge amount of refrigerant, the rated input power of the electric heater or auxiliary electric heater and other parameters shall be marked in an easily visible position in a way that will not disappear. 25.2 The air conditioner shall be accompanied by an instruction manual for use and installation, which shall include the instructions and information necessary for the installation, use and maintenance of the air conditioner as deemed necessary by the manufacturer.
25.3 The electrical wiring diagram shall be affixed to the indoor and outdoor units. 25.4 The installation location of the fuse shall be marked with the rated current of the current fuse and the rated operating temperature of the temperature fuse in a non-disappearing manner.
25.5 The grounding symbol shall be marked near the grounding location in a non-disappearing manner. 428
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