Principles and requirements for preparing diagrams of STANDARD system
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National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Principles and requirements for preparing diagrams of standard systemwwW.bzxz.Net
GB/T 1301691
This standard is applicable to the preparation of national, industry, professional, enterprise and other system standard system diagrams. It is also applicable to the preparation of comprehensive standard system diagrams. The standard system diagram is the basis for the preparation of standard formulation, revision planning and plans, and is the basis for promoting the scientific and rational composition of standards within a certain scope of standardization work; it is a comprehensive blueprint including existing, applied and expected standards, and will be continuously updated and enriched with the development of science and technology. The preparation of standard system diagrams is a basic scientific research work of standardization work. 1 Terminology
1.1 Standard systemstandard system
Standards within a certain scope form a scientific and organic whole according to their internal connections. 1.2 Diagram of standard systemdiagram of standard systema diagram in which standards within a certain scope of standard system are arranged in a certain form. 1.3 Trade
The sum of basic units of economic activities that produce similar products or provide similar services. Note: The definition of "industry" is quoted from GB4754 "Classification and Code of National Economic Industries". The responsible units and technical committees are still called professional responsible units and professional technical committees.
1.4 Specific trade
The profession referred to in this standard is smaller than the industry, and is actually the "medium and small industries" referred to in GB4754. Considering the customary usage, it is still called profession. 1.5 Relevant standard Relative standard Standards that belong to other systems (industries, professions) and are directly adopted by this system and are closely related to this system are the relevant standards of this system. 1.6 Individual and general character standard Standards that directly express the individual characteristics of a standardized object (product or series of products, process, service or management) are called individual standards; standards that express the common characteristics shared by several standardized objects at the same time are called general standards. 1.7 Basic standard
Standards that are widely used as the basis of other standards within a certain scope and have broad guiding significance. 1.8 Method standard method standard
Standards formulated based on various methods such as testing, inspection, analysis, sampling, statistics, calculation, measurement, and operation. 1.9 Product standardproduct standard
Standards formulated for certain or all requirements that a product must meet to ensure the applicability of the product. Its scope includes: variety specifications, technical performance, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, storage, transportation, etc. 2 Structure
2.1 Component units
The component units of the standard system table are standards, not products, processes, services or management items. Approved by the State Bureau of Technical Supervision on July 17, 1991 and implemented on April 1, 1992
2.2 Levels
GB/T 1301691
From a number of standards within a certain range, common features are extracted and set as common standards. Then, this common standard is arranged above the extracted standards in the standard system table. This extracted common standard constitutes a level in the standard system table. Generally, the national standard system table can be divided into five levels: individual standards are at the bottom, that is, the fifth level. The standards extracted from the fifth level are at the fourth level, which are called category-wide general standards. Sometimes, due to the large number of categories, the category-wide general standards can also be divided into two levels. In this case, the individual standards become the sixth level. Sometimes, there is no category under the profession, that is, the standards extracted from the bottom level directly become the professional general standards. In this case, the individual standards become the fourth level. The standards extracted from the fourth level (referring to the category-wide general standards) are at the third level, which are called professional general standards. Sometimes, due to the large number of professions, the professional general standards can also be divided into two levels. At this time, the serial numbers of the following levels should be changed accordingly. The standards extracted from the third level are at the second level, which are called industry-wide general standards. The standards extracted from the second level are at the third level, which are called national general standards. 2.3 Hierarchical structure diagram
According to 2.2, the hierarchical structure of the national industry and professional standard system is shown in Figure 1: 1. National general standards
2. Industry general standards
3. Professional general standards
4. Category general standards
5. Product, process,
service, management standards
3 Preparation principles and working methods
3.1 Preparation principles
3.1.1 Comprehensive set
Second level
Third level
Correct industry standard system technology
1st level
Third level
Fourth level
Industry standard system table
First level
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Third level
Fourth level
||Fifth level
We should fully study the various things and concepts that need to be coordinated and unified in the current economic, scientific, technological and management, and strive to have a comprehensive set of standards within a certain scope. 3.1.2 Appropriate levels
According to the scope of application of the standards, the standards should be properly arranged at different levels. Generally, the scope of application of the standards should be expanded as much as possible, or arranged at a high level as much as possible, that is, the standards that should be coordinated and unified within a large scope should not be formulated separately within several small scopes, so as to achieve the reasonable simplification of the system composition as much as possible. Of course, those that should not be coordinated and unified within a large scope are not required to be arranged at a high level. Sometimes, in order to simplify the diagram, some standards are only common to some standards or some branches of a certain level, and can also be listed at a higher level with the standards common to all standards or all branches.
3.1.3 Division The division between different industries, professions, categories or different subsystems in the system table should be clearly defined. The division should be mainly based on the nature of social and economic activities, rather than on administrative systems. GB/T13016-91
It should be noted that the same standard should not be included in more than two systems or subsystems at the same time, and the same standard should not be formulated by more than two units at the same time. In order to show the coordinated and matching relationship with other system standards, the standards of other systems cited can be listed as relevant standards of this system. It should be divided according to the characteristics of the standards, rather than the characteristics of products, processes, services or management, that is, the standard system table should not be compiled into a product, process, service or management classification table.
3.2 Working methods
3.2.1 Investigation and research
In-depth investigation and research should be conducted on the domestic economy. The development trends of economy, science, technology and its management, the current standards and development status in various fields, and the analysis of the standards and relevant data of major international and foreign countries are used as the basis for compiling the standard system table. 3.2.2 Brainstorming
The opinions of standardization professionals and production, use, scientific research, teaching, trade and other related personnel should be widely collected. In addition, the opinions of relevant personnel who have a grasp of the overall or general situation should be collected in particular. 4 Format and content of preparation instructions
4.1 Format
The industry, professional, category, enterprise, and comprehensive standard system table can be composed of a total hierarchical structure box diagram and several standard detailed tables corresponding to each box; it can also be listed according to the work procedure, consisting of a total sequence structure box diagram and several standard detailed tables corresponding to each box; or a combination of the above two structures. Each box must be assigned a drawing number, and then a standard detailed table is compiled according to the drawing number. A standard statistical table is also attached.
In the system table, the levels should be connected with solid or dotted lines respectively. In principle, solid lines are used to indicate the master-slave relationship between common standards and individual standards between levels, and dotted lines are used to indicate the master-slave relationship between levels. Sometimes, in order to show the coordinated relationship with other systems, solid lines are used to indicate the connection between levels of this system, and dotted lines are used to indicate the connection between levels of this system and related standards. Although the standards formulated by this system belong to other systems, they are also regarded as related standards and connected with dotted lines, and they must be explained in the preparation instructions. 4.1.1 The format of the hierarchical structure is shown in Figure 2 (taking the industry standard system table as an example): × Industry general standards 101.1
× Professional general standards 201
× Category general standards 301
× Product, process, service
Service, management standards 401
Professional general standards 202.
Related standards 311.2
Related standards 101.
Hunan related standards 202.2
X×Professional General Standards20
Category General Standards30
××Product, Process, Service
Service, Management Standards40×
GB/T 13016—-91
Each layer of "General Standards" can be marked with one box, or with several boxes such as "Basic Standards", "Test Methods", "Terms", "General Raw Materials" and "General Parts". 4.1.2 The format of the sequence structure is shown in Figure 3 (taking the technical standard system representation of electromechanical products as an example): Raw Materials
Note: The actual production process does not strictly follow this sequence. 4.1.3 Format of specification list
Parts
*×Products
Components
Instruments and meters
Titles of each level or sequence, and the format and filling content of the standard specification list of the level or sequence box are shown in Figure 4: Level or ××Sequence Title
Standard Name
Standard Code and Number
Note: ①For the standards under formulation, only the standard code is marked. It is advisable to set the level
The degree of adoption of international and foreign standards
(expressed by symbols)
②) There are three symbols for the degree of adoption of international and foreign standards: the symbol for equivalent adoption is blue, the symbol for equivalent adoption is =; the symbol for reference adoption is ~.
Adopted or corresponding international and foreign standards
For the definitions of "equivalent adoption", "equivalent adoption" and "reference adoption", see Article 12 of the "Administrative Measures for the Adoption of International Standards". The statistical table format is as follows:
Standard category
National standard
Industry standard
Local standard
Enterprise standard
Basic standard
Method standard
Product, process, service or management standard
Component and parts standard
Raw material standard
Safety, health and environmental protection standard
GB/T 13016-91
Statistical tables of various standards
Expected number
Existing number
Existing number/expected number
Items such as "enterprise standards", "parts and components standards", and "safety, health, and environmental protection standards" in the table can be filled in according to the specific situation of the system.
4.2 Requirements for the content of the compilation instructions
The standard system table should also include the compilation instructions, and its content should generally include the following points: a.
The basis for compiling the system table and the goals to be achieved; an overview of domestic and foreign standards;
Combined with the statistical table, analyze the gaps and weak links between the existing standards and international and foreign standards, and clarify the main direction for future efforts; the basis and division of professional divisions;
Intersections with other systems and treatment opinions; opinions on the need for coordination with other systems; others.
5 Comprehensive standard system table
5.1 The comprehensive standard system table refers to a system that is centered on products, processes, services, or management and is composed of production or work. The standard system table is composed of all the standards involved in the whole process, that is, the standard system table of comprehensive standardization. 5.2 Relationship between the comprehensive standard system table and the industry standard system table The comprehensive standard system table should focus on the supporting standards between industries and professions. All common standards that have been included in the industry and professional standard system table of this product, process, service, and management can be omitted or simply marked. The industry and professional standard system table should be a comprehensive set and is the main body of the standard system table within the scope of the industry and profession. The two coordinate vertically and horizontally to form a whole. In order to coordinate the different requirements of the same type of supporting standards in different comprehensive standard system tables and to meet the needs of users and facilitate production, the supporting standards proposed by the comprehensive standard system table for relevant industries and professions should be coordinated and included in the relevant industry and professional standard system table.
Additional Notes:
GB/T13016-91
This standard was proposed and drafted by the China Institute of Standardization and Information Classification and Coding. The main drafter of this standard is Bao Zhongping.
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