This standard specifies the viscosity classification system for industrial liquid lubricants and related liquids, and is applicable to lubricants, hydraulic fluids, electrical insulating oils and other industrial liquid lubricants. Kinematic viscosity is usually determined according to GB/T 265, but abnormal results may be obtained when used for non-Newtonian liquids (i.e. liquids whose viscosity coefficient changes significantly with shear rate). Therefore, for these liquids, it should be pointed out that a special viscosity determination method is required. This classification does not apply to certain pure chemicals and natural products that can be used as lubricants, nor to internal combustion engine oils and vehicle gear oils. GB/T 3141-1994 ISO viscosity classification of industrial liquid lubricants GB/T3141-1994 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Industrial liquid lubricants ISO viscosity classification
Industrial liquid lubricantsISo viscosity classificationGB/T3141-94
Replaces GB/T3141-82
This standard is equivalent to the international standard ISO3448-19924T Industrial liquid lubricants-ISO viscosity classification". This standard is formulated for the needs of technical committees for machinery and lubricants to formulate standards, such as the Metal Cutting and Machine Tool Technical Committee CSRTS/TC22 (corresponding to ISO/TC39), the Hydraulic and Pneumatic Technical Committee CSBTS/TC3 (corresponding to ISO/TC131) and others.
The basis for formulating this standard is the viscosity grade, the purpose of which is to propose a series of clear kinematic viscosity grades so that lubricant suppliers, users and equipment designers have a consistent and common basis when determining or selecting suitable industrial liquid lubricants based on the kinematic viscosity required under specific application conditions. ISO 3448 was developed as a result of the joint efforts of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the American Society of Lubrication Engineers (ASLE), the British Standards Institution (BSI) and the Federal German Standards Committee (DIN). In the process of drafting this standard, a continuous system was initially considered so that any lubricant within the viscosity range could be given a grade number, but this would result in either too many viscosity grades or too wide a range of kinematic viscosities allowed for each viscosity grade.
In order to be able to directly apply this classification when the kinematic viscosity of the lubricant is the only parameter among many parameters in engineering design calculations, the width of the viscosity grade should not be more than ±10% of the nominal value, because this width will reflect the calculation inaccuracy of a similar grade in the tolerance of the manufacturing dimensions. Due to the above limitations and the requirement that the viscosity grades should not be too many, it was finally decided to adopt a system with discontinuities between the viscosity grades.
The reference temperature selected in the classification should be close to the average use temperature and should also be closely related to the determination of the temperature to be selected, such as the property that can help determine the viscosity index of the lubricant. After studying a series of possible temperatures, it is pointed out that 40℃ is particularly suitable for the viscosity classification of industrial liquid lubricants. Therefore, this viscosity classification is based on the 40℃ kinematic viscosity. Although this classification makes some existing lubricants (possibly including some currently widely used) not fall into the viscosity grade in the classification, it does not prevent the continued use of these products with the consent of both the supply and demand parties, and these lubricants that exceed the classification should also actively adopt the 40℃ kinematic viscosity. It is expected that those lubricant manufacturers will gradually adjust the viscosity of their products in the future so that each product can meet a viscosity grade specified in this classification, and oil users should use lubricants that meet this viscosity classification in order to use oil rationally and reduce the number of oil products used. It is also hoped that machinery and equipment manufacturers and parts suppliers should pay enough attention to this classification when designing and recommending lubricant viscosity, but it is not required that all liquid lubricants or products with very special uses must meet the viscosity grades in this viscosity classification. The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) of the United States has established viscosity classification standards for internal combustion engine oils and vehicle gear lubricants many years ago, such as the viscosity classification of internal combustion engine oils (SAEJ300) and the viscosity classification of drive axle and manual transmission gear lubricants (SAEJ306), which are currently being adopted by many countries around the world. However, it should be noted that the ISO viscosity classification of industrial liquid lubricants is not intended to replace any SAE classification system. On the other hand, the SAE classification system that meets the requirements of automotive lubricants should not be expanded to industrial liquid lubricants. 1 Main content and scope of application
This standard specifies the viscosity classification system for industrial liquid lubricants and related liquids, and is applicable to lubricants, hydraulic fluids, electrical insulating oils and other industrial liquid lubricants. Kinematic viscosity is usually measured according to GB/T265, but when used for non-Newtonian liquids (i.e., filters whose viscosity coefficient varies significantly with the shear rate surface), abnormal results may be obtained. Therefore, for these filters, special viscosity determination methods should be specified. This classification does not apply to certain pure chemicals and natural products that can be used as lubricants, nor to internal combustion engine oils and vehicle gear oils. 2 Reference standards GB/T265 Kinematic viscosity determination method for petroleum products and dynamic viscosity calculation method GB/T 7631. 1 Classification of lubricants and related products (L category) Part 1: General grouping Note: Unless otherwise specified in the standard, the standards used in the industry shall be the currently valid standards. 3 Classification
3.1 This classification specifies 20 viscosity grades with a viscosity range of 2 to 3200 mm/s at 40°C. For petroleum-based liquids, this roughly covers the viscosity range from kerosene to cylinder oil. 3.2 Each viscosity grade is expressed in mm/s closest to the midpoint kinematic viscosity at 40°C. The kinematic viscosity range of each viscosity grade is expressed as a positive value, and the kinematic viscosity range is allowed to be ±10% of the mid-point kinematic viscosity. The 20 grades and the appropriate upper and lower limits of each grade are shown in Table 1. 3.3 The classification is based on the principle that the mid-point kinematic viscosity of each grade should be approximately 50% of the previous grade. Each decade is divided into 6 equal logarithmic steps so that each decade in this system can increase evenly, but in order to obtain simple values, the logarithmic series has been rounded. The maximum deviation of the unrounded logarithmic series from the corresponding mid-point viscosity is 2.2%. 3.4 This classification has no evaluative meaning for product quality, but only provides kinematic viscosity values ​​at a specified temperature of 40°C. The kinematic viscosity at other temperatures is determined according to the viscosity/temperature characteristics of the lubricant, which is measured by the viscosity/temperature curve or viscosity index (V 1). The ISO viscosity classification with different viscosity indexes at various temperatures and corresponding kinematic viscosities is shown in Table 2. Table 1 ISO viscosity classification 1
Viscosity grade
Mid-point kinematic viscosity (40°C)
·1350
Kinematic viscosity range (40°C)
Note: For some products with a 40 kinematic viscosity grade greater than 3200, such as some lubricants containing high turbidity or asphalt, the viscosity grade design in this classification table can be referred to. Just change the kinematic viscosity measurement temperature from 40°C to 100°C and add the suffix "H" after the viscosity grade. For example, if the viscosity grade is 15H, it means that the viscosity grade is determined using the 100°C kinematic viscosity, and its kinematic viscosity range at 100°C should be 13.5~～16.5mm*/s. Notes on adoption:
1] The small difference between this standard and ISO 3448-1992 is that there is no note below Table 1 in ISO 3448. 3141--94
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