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Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB/T7712-95
Heat Treatment of High-Temperature Alloys
Published on June 20, 1995
Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on January 1, 1996
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Heat Treatment of High-Temperature Alloys
1 Subject Content and Scope of Application
JB/T 7712-95
This standard specifies the heat treatment equipment, process, process materials, process control and quality inspection of high-temperature alloys. This standard applies to the heat treatment of commonly used high-temperature alloys. Unless otherwise specified in special technical documents or order contracts. Referenced Standards
GBn175
GB6395
GB7232
GB9452
GB 10066.1
GB10067.1
GB10067.4
High temperature alloy grades
Metal tensile test method
Metal Rockwell hardness test method
Metal Brinell hardness test method
Metal high temperature tensile endurance test method
Golden Flag heat treatment process terminology
Method for determining the effective heating area of heat treatment furnace
Test methods for electric heating equipment General part
General part
Basic technical conditions for electric heating equipment Part I Basic technical conditions for electric heating equipment
Part IV
Common high temperature alloys and heat treatment specifications
Common high temperature alloy grades and chemical compositions shall be in accordance with GBn175. Common iron-based deformed high temperature alloy heat treatment specifications shall be in accordance with Table 1. Wired resistance furnace
Common iron-based deformation high-temperature alloy heat treatment specifications Alloy brand
GH1015
GH1016
GH1035
Process name
Intermediate annealing
Solution treatment
Intermediate annealing
Solution treatment
Approved by the Ministry of Machinery Industry on 1995-06-20
Heating temperature
1060~1100
1120~115 0
Heat treatment process
Insulation time
5~15min for plates,
1min/mm for slow parts
5~15min for plates,
1.4min/mm for standard parts
1.2~2
min/mm for plates.1
Cooling method
Air cooling or water cooling
Air cooling or water cooling
Air cooling or water cooling
Air cooling or water cooling
Air cooling or water cooling
Thickness of plates≤3mm
5~12min| |tt||Plate thickness 3~5mm
12~15min
1996-01-01 implementation
Alloy grade
GH1040
GH1131
GH1140
GH2018
GH2036
GH2038
GH2130
GH2132
GH2135
GH2302
Process name
Solidification treatment|| tt||Intermediate annealing
Solution treatment
Intermediate annealing
Solid treatment
Annealing or solution treatment
Solution treatment
Solution treatment
First annealing
Secondary annealing
Solution treatment
First aging
Second aging
Solution treatment
First aging
Second aging
First solution treatment
Secondary solution treatment
Solution treatment
JB/T 7712—95
Continued Table 1
Heat treatment process
Heating temperature
1120~1150
770~800
600~650
Insulation time
Same as GH1016
5~20min
812min
16~20h
Plate 8m in/mm,
Material 1h/25mm
Forging 1~2h
5~25min
Cooling method
Air cooling or water cooling
Flowing water cooling
Continue to chisel until
Drive water cooling
Thickness <2.2mm
Hollow, the rest is oil cooled
Good overall performance
High thermal strength|| tt||Applicable to sheet parts
Large silver parts insulation for 3h
Ling, hot forming and
Welding starter ring melting
Applicable to all kinds of plated parts
Applicable to Ling materials
Applicable to all kinds of silver parts
Applicable to ladder materials
Specially made parts
Applicable to ladder materialswww.bzxz.net
Manufactured parts
Applicable to sheet parts||t t||Alloy grade
Process name
Solution treatment
Primary aging
Secondary aging
Solution treatment
Primary aging
Secondary aging
Annealing or solution treatment
Primary aging
Secondary aging
Solution treatment
Primary aging
Secondary aging
JB/T 771295
Continued Table 1
Heat treatment process
Such as heat shock C
700～730
The heat treatment specifications for commonly used nickel-based wrought high-temperature alloys shall be as specified in Table 2. Holding time
Cooling method
Water or oil cooling
Preserve at 55°C/h
To 620°C
Table 2 Heat treatment specifications for nickel-based deformed high-temperature alloys Alloy grade
GH3030
GH3039
GH3044
GH3128
GH4032
GH4033
Process name
Annealing or solution treatment
Ring solution treatment
Intermediate annealing
Solution treatment
Intermediate annealing
Solution treatment
Intermediate annealing
Degradation treatment
Solution treatment
Solidification treatment
Heating temperature C
Heat treatment process
Hot holding time
8~16min
8~16min
8~16min
8~16min
8~16min
8~16min
Cooling method
Air cooling or water cooling
Applicable to large forgings
Applicable to other forgings
Choose according to hardness requirements
Secondary aging temperature||t t||Good comprehensive performance
Heat strength quotient
Good comprehensive performance
High heat strength
Good comprehensive performance
High heat strength
Good comprehensive performance
High heat strength
Suitable for trousers
Suitable for forgings
Alloy grade
GH4037
GH4043
GH4049
GH4133
GH4133B
GH4169
GH4099
GH4698
Process name
Primary consolidation
Secondary consolidation
Primary consolidation
Secondary consolidation
Primary consolidation
Secondary intercalation
Solution treatment
Intermediate annealing
Solid solution treatment
Primary aging
Secondary aging
Intermediate annealing
Solution treatment
Primary aging
Secondary aging
JB/T771295
Continued Table 2
Heat treatment process
Heating temperature C
950~980
The heat treatment specification for casting high-temperature alloys shall be as specified in Table 3. 3.4
Mixing time
20~45min
15~20min
10~20min
Cooling method
Dispersed air cooling
Air cooling or slow cooling
Dispersed air
Dispersed air cooling
Quick air cooling
Oil cooling, air cooling or water cooling
40~55 C /h
Furnace cooling to 620C
Hollow bellow or water cooling
Applicable to various forgings working below 750℃
Used to restore plasticity
Large plate structures
Parts can be directly treated without aging after solution treatment
Alloy grade
Equipment and process materials
4.1 Heating equipment
Process name
Solution treatment
Solution treatment
Surrounding treatment| |tt||Solution treatment
Solution treatment
Solid treatment
JB/T7712-95
Table 3 Specifications for heat treatment of cast high-temperature alloys
Heat treatment process
Heating temperature C
Preservation time
Quenching method
Or use in cast state
Or use in cast state
4.1.1 Indirect resistance furnace should be used for heat treatment of high-temperature alloys. Common furnace types include air electric furnace, protective gas ammonia furnace, vacuum furnace, etc. Its technical conditions should comply with GB10067.1 and GB10067.4. 4.1.2 The furnace temperature uniformity of the effective heating zone of the heat treatment furnace should not exceed ±10℃, and the measurement and management of the effective heating zone should comply with the provisions of GB9452.
4.1.3 Each heating zone of the heating furnace shall be equipped with a temperature instrument for automatic control, recording and alarming, and the accuracy level of the temperature instrument shall be higher than 0.5 level.
4.1.4 When the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace is higher than 0.13Pa, the pressure rise rate shall be less than 0.67Pa/h, and the determination method shall be carried out in accordance with Article 7.1.11.3 of GB10066.1.
4.1.5 Hydrogen is mainly used as the protective gas oxygen for heat treatment of high-temperature alloys. When the heating temperature does not exceed 1000℃, exothermic gas oxygen or nitrogen-based atmosphere can also be used, and coating protection can also be used. Reducing atmosphere is prohibited. 4.2 Cooling equipment
4.2.1 Pinghuo trough
4. 2. 1.1
The trough should have sufficient volume and circulating stirring system, and should be equipped with cooling or heating devices when necessary, without compressed air stirring. The quenching tank should be equipped with a temperature measuring device. The resolution of the temperature measuring instrument should not be greater than 5°C. 4.2. 1.2
The relative position of the quenching furnace and the heating furnace should meet the requirements of the relevant process documents for the quenching transfer time. Cooling medium
4. 2. 2. 1
4. 2. 2.2
4. 2. 2.3
Common cooling media include air, hydrogen, oil, water, organic polymer aqueous solution, etc. The humidity of quenching oil is generally 20-100°C, and the temperature of quenching water is 10-40°C. For workpieces that require fast cooling in the air, air cooling facilities should be equipped; for workpieces that require slow cooling in the air, special slow cooling devices should be prepared.
: Process control
5.1 Furnace loading
5.1.1 Before the workpiece enters the furnace, the surface should be cleaned, degreased and decontaminated; for workpieces with machining allowance less than 0.3mm or no machining allowance, the surface should be kept dry and clean, and there should be no fingerprints, marking fluid, water and other pollution before entering the furnace. 5
JB/T7712-95
5.1.2 The part of the heat treatment fixture that contacts the workpiece should have the same degree of cleanliness as the heat-treated workpiece. 5.1.3 The placement of the workpiece should allow the furnace gas to flow smoothly on its inner and outer surfaces and heat evenly. 5.1.4 The amount of furnace loading should be appropriate so that the workpiece can return to the source temperature specified in the process within the time specified in the process regulations. 5.1.5 The workpiece should be positioned or placed on a special fixture to avoid or reduce the deformation of the workpiece during the heat treatment process. 5.1.6 The tray, basket or clamp containing the workpiece should be properly placed in the furnace so that all the workpieces are in the effective heating area of the furnace. 5.2 Heating
5.2.1 For workpieces with larger sizes and complex shapes, preheating or segmented heating should be used for solution treatment. The preheating temperature is generally 800-850C, and the solution treatment temperature is above 1000℃. Generally, two or more segmented heating is used. 5.2.2 For heat treatment with preheating or segmented heating, the workpiece should be put into the furnace below the preheating temperature; when there is no preheating or segmented heating, the workpiece should be put into the furnace after the furnace reaches the process temperature.
5.2.3 After the workpiece is loaded into the furnace, it is heated according to the specified heat treatment specifications, and the temperature control accuracy is ±10℃. 5.3 Holding time
5.3.1 When the temperature indicated by all thermocouples in the furnace reaches the lower limit of the temperature specified in the heat treatment process, the holding time begins to be calculated. 5.3.2 The holding time should be selected according to the maximum effective thickness of the workpiece. The holding time of the heat treatment process refers to Table 1 to Table 3.5.4 Cooling
5.4.1 According to the alloy performance requirements, workpiece shape and size, air cooling, oil cooling, water cooling, furnace cooling, etc. can be selected. 5.4.2 Materials that need to be welded or cold-formed should be cooled quickly. 5.5 Cleaning
5.5.1 After heat treatment, the workpiece can be removed by alkali washing, pickling, sandblasting, shot peening or machining. 5.5.2 When heating multiple times, the oxide scale can be removed after the last heating. 6 Inspection
6.1 Inspect the heat treatment quality of the workpiece according to the drawings, process specifications and relevant technical documents. 6.2 Hardness inspection shall be carried out in accordance with GB230 and GB231. 6.3 Mechanical property inspection shall be carried out in accordance with GB228 and GB6395. Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Heat Treatment Standardization. This standard was drafted by Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials and the main drafter of this standard is Lan Ying.3
Common cooling media include air, hydrogen, oil, water, organic polymer aqueous solution, etc. The humidity of quenching oil is generally 20-100℃, and the temperature of quenching water is 10-40℃. For workpieces that require fast cooling in the air, air cooling facilities should be equipped; for workpieces that require slow cooling in the air, special slow cooling devices should be prepared.
: Process control
5.1 Furnace loading
5.1.1 Before the workpiece enters the furnace, the surface should be cleaned, degreased and decontaminated; for workpieces with machining allowances less than 0.3mm or no machining allowances, the surface should be kept dry and clean, and there should be no fingerprints, marking fluids, water and other pollution before entering the furnace. 5
JB/T7712-95
5.1.2 The part of the heat treatment fixture that contacts the workpiece should have the same cleanliness as the heat treatment workpiece 5.1.3 The placement of the workpiece should enable the furnace gas to flow smoothly on its inner and outer surfaces and heat evenly. 5.1.4 The amount of furnace loading should be appropriate so that the workpiece can return to the temperature specified in the process within the time specified in the process specification. 5.1.5 The workpiece should be positioned or placed on a special fixture to avoid or reduce deformation of the workpiece during heat treatment. 5.1.6 The tray, basket or clamp holding the workpiece should be properly placed in the furnace so that all workpieces are in the effective heating zone of the furnace. 5.2 Heating
5.2.1 For workpieces with larger sizes and complex shapes, preheating or segmented heating should be used for solution treatment. The preheating temperature is generally 800-850C, and the solution treatment temperature is above 1000℃. Generally, two or more segmented heating is used. 5.2.2 For heat treatment with preheating or segmented heating, the workpiece should be put into the furnace below the preheating temperature; when there is no preheating or segmented heating, the workpiece should be put into the furnace after the furnace reaches the process temperature.
5.2.3 After the workpiece is loaded into the furnace, it is heated according to the specified heat treatment specifications, and the temperature control accuracy is ±10℃. 5.3 Holding time
5.3.1 When the temperature indicated by all thermocouples in the furnace reaches the lower limit of the temperature specified in the heat treatment process, the holding time begins to be calculated. 5.3.2 The holding time should be selected according to the maximum effective thickness of the workpiece. The holding time of the heat treatment process refers to Table 1 to Table 3. 5.4 Cooling
5.4.1 According to the alloy performance requirements, workpiece shape and size, air cooling, oil cooling, water cooling, furnace cooling, etc. can be selected. 5.4.2 For materials that need to be welded or cold-formed, rapid cooling should be performed. 5.5 Cleaning
5.5.1 After heat treatment, the workpiece can be descaled by alkali washing, pickling, sandblasting, shot peening or machining. 5.5.2 When multiple heating is performed, the descale can be removed after the last heating. 6 Inspection
6.1 Inspect the heat treatment quality of the workpiece according to the drawings, process specifications and relevant technical documents. 6.2 Hardness inspection shall be carried out in accordance with GB230 and GB231. 6.3 Mechanical property inspection shall be carried out in accordance with GB228 and GB6395. Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Heat Treatment Standardization. This standard is drafted by the Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials. The main drafter of this standard is Lan Ying.3
Common cooling media include air, hydrogen, oil, water, organic polymer aqueous solution, etc. The humidity of quenching oil is generally 20-100℃, and the temperature of quenching water is 10-40℃. For workpieces that require fast cooling in the air, air cooling facilities should be equipped; for workpieces that require slow cooling in the air, special slow cooling devices should be prepared.
: Process control
5.1 Furnace loading
5.1.1 Before the workpiece enters the furnace, the surface should be cleaned, degreased and decontaminated; for workpieces with machining allowances less than 0.3mm or no machining allowances, the surface should be kept dry and clean, and there should be no fingerprints, marking fluids, water and other pollution before entering the furnace. 5
JB/T7712-95
5.1.2 The part of the heat treatment fixture that contacts the workpiece should have the same cleanliness as the heat treatment workpiece 5.1.3 The placement of the workpiece should enable the furnace gas to flow smoothly on its inner and outer surfaces and heat evenly. 5.1.4 The amount of furnace loading should be appropriate so that the workpiece can return to the temperature specified in the process within the time specified in the process specification. 5.1.5 The workpiece should be positioned or placed on a special fixture to avoid or reduce deformation of the workpiece during heat treatment. 5.1.6 The tray, basket or clamp holding the workpiece should be properly placed in the furnace so that all workpieces are in the effective heating zone of the furnace. 5.2 Heating
5.2.1 For workpieces with larger sizes and complex shapes, preheating or segmented heating should be used for solution treatment. The preheating temperature is generally 800-850C, and the solution treatment temperature is above 1000℃. Generally, two or more segmented heating is used. 5.2.2 For heat treatment with preheating or segmented heating, the workpiece should be put into the furnace below the preheating temperature; when there is no preheating or segmented heating, the workpiece should be put into the furnace after the furnace reaches the process temperature.
5.2.3 After the workpiece is loaded into the furnace, it is heated according to the specified heat treatment specifications, and the temperature control accuracy is ±10℃. 5.3 Holding time
5.3.1 When the temperature indicated by all thermocouples in the furnace reaches the lower limit of the temperature specified in the heat treatment process, the holding time begins to be calculated. 5.3.2 The holding time should be selected according to the maximum effective thickness of the workpiece. The holding time of the heat treatment process refers to Table 1 to Table 3. 5.4 Cooling
5.4.1 According to the alloy performance requirements, workpiece shape and size, air cooling, oil cooling, water cooling, furnace cooling, etc. can be selected. 5.4.2 For materials that need to be welded or cold-formed, rapid cooling should be performed. 5.5 Cleaning
5.5.1 After heat treatment, the workpiece can be descaled by alkali washing, pickling, sandblasting, shot peening or machining. 5.5.2 When multiple heating is performed, the descale can be removed after the last heating. 6 Inspection
6.1 Inspect the heat treatment quality of the workpiece according to the drawings, process specifications and relevant technical documents. 6.2 Hardness inspection shall be carried out in accordance with GB230 and GB231. 6.3 Mechanical property inspection shall be carried out in accordance with GB228 and GB6395. Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Heat Treatment Standardization. This standard is drafted by the Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials. The main drafter of this standard is Lan Ying.
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