JGJ PDF 80-1991. Technical specification for safety of working at heights in construction
Some standard content:
"Technical Specification for Safety of Height Operations in Construction" JGJ80-1991
"Technical Specification for Safety of Height Operations in Construction" JGJ80-1991bZxz.net
Notice on the Issuance of the Unemployment Standard "Technical Specification for Safety of Height Operations in Construction"
Jianbiao [1992] No. 5
According to the requirements of the former Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection (86) Chengkezi No. 263, the "Technical Specification for Safety of Height Operations in Construction" compiled by the Shanghai Institute of Building Construction Technology has been reviewed and approved as an industry standard, numbered JGJ80-91, and will be implemented on August 1, 1992.
This standard is managed by the Institute of Building Science, China Construction First Engineering Bureau, the official unit of the Ministry of Construction's building safety standards and technologies, interpreted by the Shanghai Institute of Building Construction Technology, and published by the Standard and Quota Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction. Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
January 8, 1990
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1.0.1 This specification is formulated to implement the principle of safe production in construction work at height, to ensure clear protection requirements, reasonable technology and economic applicability. Article 1:0.2 This specification applies to work at heights such as edges, openings, climbing, hanging, operating platforms and intersections during the construction of industrial and civil buildings and general structures. Article 1.0.3 The work at height referred to in this specification shall comply with the provisions of the national standard "Classification of Work at Heights" GB3608-83, which states that "all work carried out at heights where there is a possibility of falling from a height of 2m or more (including 2m) from the reference plane of the falling height". Article 1:0.4 When carrying out work at height, in addition to implementing this specification, the provisions of the current national standards for work at heights and safety technology shall also be complied with.
Chapter II Basic Provisions
Article 2.0.1 Safety and technical measures for high-altitude operations and the materials and tools required must be included in the construction organization design of the project. Article 2.0.2 The person in charge of the unit project construction shall be responsible for the safety and technology of high-altitude operations of the project and establish a corresponding responsibility system.
Before construction, safety and technical education and disclosure shall be carried out step by step, and all safety and technical measures and personal protective equipment shall be implemented. Construction shall not be carried out without implementation.
Article 2.0.3 Safety signs, tools, instruments, electrical facilities and various equipment used in high-altitude operations must be inspected before construction to confirm that they are in good condition before they can be put into use. Article 2.0.4 Personnel who climb and suspend high-altitude operations and those who set up safety facilities for high-altitude operations must undergo professional technical training and pass professional examinations, hold certificates to work, and must undergo regular physical examinations.
Article 2.0.5 If any defects or hidden dangers are found in the safety and technical facilities for high-altitude operations during construction, they must be promptly resolved: when personal safety is endangered, operations must be stopped. Article 2.0.6 All objects that may fall at the construction site should be removed or fixed in advance. Materials used in high-altitude operations should be stacked stably and should not hinder passage and loading and unloading. Tools should be put into tool bags at hand: walkways, access boards and climbing tools during operations should be cleaned at any time: disassembled objects and residual materials and waste materials should be cleaned and transported away in a timely manner, and should not be randomly placed or thrown down. Throwing objects is prohibited. Article 2.0.7 When working at heights on rainy and snowy days, reliable anti-skid, anti-cold and anti-freezing measures must be taken. All water, ice, frost and snow should be removed in time.
Lightning protection facilities should be set up in advance for high-altitude buildings for high-altitude operations. In case of severe weather such as strong winds below level 6, dense fog, etc., outdoor climbing and suspended high-altitude operations are not allowed. After snowstorms and typhoons and heavy rains, the safety facilities for high-altitude operations should be checked one by one. If any looseness, deformation, damage or detachment is found, it should be repaired and improved immediately.
Article 2.0.8 When temporary removal or change of safety protection facilities is necessary for work, it must be approved by the person in charge of the construction, and corresponding reliable measures must be taken. The work should be restored immediately after the operation. Article 2.0.9 When setting up and dismantling the protective shed, a warning area should be set up, and a special person should be assigned to supervise. It is strictly forbidden to dismantle the upper and lower parts at the same time. Article 2.0.10 The mechanical calculation of the main force-bearing rods of the safety facilities for high-altitude operations shall be carried out according to the general structural mechanics formula, and the strength and deflection calculation shall be carried out according to the current relevant specifications, but the strength calculation of steel bending members does not consider the plasticity effect, and the structure shall meet the requirements of the current relevant specifications.
Chapter 3 Safety protection for work at edges and openings Section 1 Work at edges
Article 3.1:1 For work at heights near edges, protective measures must be set up and comply with the following provisions:
1. Guardrails must be set up around the foundation pit, around balconies, material platforms and cantilevered platforms that have not yet been installed with railings or balustrades, around awnings and cantilevered eaves, around roofs and floors without external scaffolding, and around water tanks and water towers.
2. A safety net must be erected on the periphery. 3. Temporary guardrails must be installed at the entrances and steps of stairs for layered construction. Formal guardrails should be installed at the entrances of the top stairs as the progress of the engineering structure.
4. Guardrails must be installed on both sides of the well frame, construction elevators, scaffolding, etc. and the building passage. A safety protection shed should be installed on the top of the ground passage. The middle of the double-cage well frame passage should be separated and closed.
5. In addition to the guardrails on both sides, all kinds of vertical transport material receiving platforms should also be equipped with safety doors or movable guardrails at the platform entrance.
Article 3.1.2 The specifications and connection requirements of the edge protection railings shall comply with the following provisions:
1. The effective diameter of the small end of the bamboo crossbar shall not be less than 70mm, and the small end diameter of the railing column shall not be less than 80mm. They shall be tied with galvanized steel wire of not less than No. 16, and shall not be less than 3 turns without slipping.
2. The top diameter of the log crossbar shall not be less than 70mm, and the lower diameter shall not be less than 60mm, or they shall be tied with galvanized steel wire of not less than No. 12, and the surface shall be smooth and stable without shaking. 3. The top diameter of the steel bar crossbar shall not be less than 16mm, and shall be fixed by electric welding or galvanized steel wire binding holes. 4. Steel pipe railings and railings shall use 48×(~)mm pipes and be fixed with fasteners or electric welding.
5. When other steel materials such as angle steel are used as guardrail members, specifications with equivalent strength should be selected and fixed by electric welding. Article 3.1.3 When setting up edge guardrails, the following requirements must be met:
1. The guardrail should consist of two upper and lower horizontal bars and guardrail columns, and a safety vertical net should be hung. Except for those calculated by the design, guardrail columns must be added when the length of the horizontal bar is greater than 2m. 2. The fixing of the guardrail column should meet the following requirements: 1. When fixing around the foundation pit, steel pipes are used to be inserted into the ground 50~70cm deep. The distance between the steel pipe and the edge is, and the steel pipe can be driven on the outside of the sheet pile.
2. When fixing on the concrete floor, roof or wall, embedded parts can be used to weld with steel pipes or steel bars. When using bamboo or wooden railings, a 30cm long 50x5 angle steel can be welded on the embedded parts, and a hole can be drilled on the top and bottom of the embedded parts, and then 10mm bolts can be used to fix it with bamboo or wooden poles.
3. When fixing on masonry such as bricks or blocks, 80×6 bent flat steel with appropriate specifications can be pre-built into the concrete block for pre-embedded iron, and then fixed using the above method. 3. The fixing of the railing column and its connection with the horizontal column The overall structure should enable the guardrail to withstand an external force of 1000N in any direction at any point on the upper pole. When the position of the railing is likely to be crowded with people, impacted by vehicles or collisions with objects, the crossbar section should be increased or the column spacing should be increased.
4. The guardrail must be closed from top to bottom with a safety vertical net, or a closely fixed footboard with a height of not less than 18cm or a 40cm footboard should be set under the railing. If there are holes on the footboard and footrest, the railings on both sides of the material receiving platform must be hung with safety nets or bamboo bars from top to bottom.
5. When the outer side of the edge faces the street, in addition to the protective railings, the entrance facade must be fully enclosed by hanging safety nets or other reliable measures.
Article 3.1.4 The mechanical calculation and structural type of the edge protection railings are shown in Appendix 2.
Section 2 Opening Operations
Section 3.2.1 When working at openings or other openings that are created due to the needs of the project and process and that may cause people and objects to fall or endanger personal safety, protective facilities must be installed in accordance with the following provisions:
1. Openings between boards and walls must be equipped with firm covers, guardrails, safety nets or other anti-falling protective facilities. 2. Elevator shaft openings must be equipped with guardrails or fixed gates: A safety net should be installed every two floors and at most every 10m in the elevator shaft.
3. The top of the pile holes of steel pipe piles, bored piles, cup-shaped and strip foundations, unfilled pits, manholes, skylight floors, etc., should all be equipped with firm covers according to the opening protection. 4. In addition to the installation of protective facilities and safety signs, all kinds of openings and pits near the construction site passages should also be equipped with red lights for warning at night.
Article 3.2.2 When measures such as installing guardrails, adding covers, hanging safety nets and installing gates are taken according to specific circumstances, the following requirements must be met:
1. Floor slabs must be covered with solid covers. The covers should be prevented from moving and shifting.
2. Openings with a side length of 25~50cm on the floor surface, openings when installing prefabricated components, and openings temporarily formed due to missing parts can be covered with bamboo, wood, etc. The covers must be able to maintain balance on all sides and have measures to fix their position. 3. Openings with a side length of 50~150cm must be set with a grid made of steel pipes fastened with fasteners, and covered with bamboo flutes or scaffolding boards. A steel bar mesh that runs through the concrete slab can also be used. The spacing between the steel bar meshes shall not be greater than 20 cm. 4. For openings with a side length of more than 150 cm, protective railings shall be installed around them, and a safety flat net shall be set under the openings. 5. For garbage lanes and flues, the openings shall be eliminated as the floors are built or installed, or the reserved openings shall be used for protection. During the construction of pipelines, in addition to the above procedures, obvious signs shall be added. If there is temporary removal, it must be approved by the person in charge of the construction, and the protective facilities must be restored after the work is completed.
6. For openings, deep trenches, and pipeline pits and grooves located next to the vehicle driving lane, the cover plates added shall be able to withstand a load of not less than 2 times the local rated effective load-bearing capacity of the rear wheels of trucks. 7. For vertical openings on the wall, etc., all openings that land on the ground shall be equipped with switch-type, tool-type or fixed protective doors. The spacing of the gate grids shall not be greater than 15 cm. Protective railings can also be used, with footboards (flute) below.
8. Vertical openings such as window sills whose lower edge is less than 80cm from the floor or bottom surface, if the side drop is greater than 2m. 9. Other vertical holes and openings that pose a risk of falling to nearby people and objects should be covered or protected, and measures should be taken to fix their positions.
Article 3.. 2.3. The mechanical calculation of the guardrail is shown in Appendix II (I), and the structural type of the protective facilities is shown in Appendix III. Chapter 4 Safety Protection for Climbing and Suspended Work Section 1 Climbing Work
Article 4.1.1 The climbing and climbing facilities used for on-site construction should be determined in the construction organization design. On-site climbing should be carried out with the help of climbing facilities on the building structure or scaffolding, or manned vertical transportation equipment can be used. Ladders or other climbing facilities can be used for climbing work.
Article 4.1.2 Straight ladders and other climbing parts required for hoisting components such as columns, beams and crane beams shall be specified in the construction drawings or instructions of the components.
Article 4.1.3 Climbing tools must be firm and reliable in structure. When the weight exceeds the above load, it shall be verified according to the actual situation.
Article 4.1.4 The quality of mobile ladders shall be inspected and accepted in accordance with the current national standards.
Article 4.1.5 The bottom of the ladder foot shall be solid and shall not be raised for use. The upper end of the ladder shall be fixed. The working angle of the vertical ladder shall be 75°±5°, and the upper and lower spacing of the steps shall be 30cm, and there shall be no gaps.
Article 4.1:6 If the ladder needs to be extended for use, there must be reliable connection measures, and there shall be no more than one joint. The strength of the ladder beam after connection shall not be lower than that of the ladder beam of a single ladder. Article 4.1.7 When using a folding ladder, the upper angle should be 35°~451. The hinge must be firm and there should be reliable bracing measures. Article 4.1.8 Fixed straight ladders should be made of metal materials. The ladder width should not be greater than 50cm, and the support should be an angle steel of no less than 70×6. The embedding and welding must be firm. The rungs at the top of the ladder should be flush with the top surface of the climb, and 1~ should be added.
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