Some standard content:
National Metrology Technical Specification of the People's Republic of China JJF1173--2007
Calibration Specification of Measuring Receivers Issued on 2007-02-28
Implementation on 2007-05-28
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine JJE1173-—2007
Calibration Specification of Measuring Receivers
JJF1173—2007
This specification was approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine on February 28, 2007, and came into effect on May 28, 2007.
Responsible unit: National Technical Committee on Radio Metrology Main drafting unit: 203rd Institute of the Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Participating drafting unit: China Academy of Metrology This specification is interpreted by the National Technical Committee on Radio Metrology Main drafters of this specification:
JJF1173-2007
Cai Sheng Niuliang#
Jia Yaozong (203rd Institute of the Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation) Wu Weiping (203rd Institute of the Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation) Li Wenyi (Institute 203, Second Academy, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation) Co-drafter: Ka Xin (China National Institute of Metrology) ·
Amplitude modulation…
5 Calibration conditions
5.1 Environmental conditions
5.2 Calibration equipment
6 Calibration items and calibration methods
6.1 Normality check
6.2 Power calibration
Frequency range calibration
Calibration of tuning level
FM calibration
Phase modulation calibration
6.7 AM calibration·.
7 Calibration result table
8Recalibration time interval
Appendix A Calibration record format
Appendix B Evaluation of uncertainty of measurement results
JJF1173—2007
1Scope
JJF1173—2007
Calibration specification for measuring receivers
This specification applies to the calibration of measuring receivers in the frequency range of 150kHz to 26.5GHz that are newly manufactured, newly purchased, in use and after repair.
2References
JJF1071-2000 "Rules for the preparation of national metrology calibration specifications" JJF1059-1999 "Evaluation and expression of measurement uncertainty" 3Overview
The measuring receiver is an instrument used to measure weak signals. Based on different uses, there can be many types of measuring receivers. In a broad sense, spectrum analyzers, modulation analyzers, field strength meters, interference meters, time domain reflectometers, network analyzers, etc. all belong to the category of measuring receivers. The measuring receivers involved in this specification are mainly used for the measurement and calibration of signal generators and attenuators. The measuring receiver has the measurement function of technical parameters such as frequency, power, tuning level (attenuation), modulation amplitude, frequency deviation, phase deviation, modulation frequency and demodulation distortion. This specification calibrates the above metrological characteristics (technical indicators) and gives the measurement results and their uncertainties. The measuring receivers currently in use include HP8902A, HP8902S, N5530S and FSMR. Different models have different integration conditions, frequency ranges and performance indicators, but the measurement principles and methods are basically the same. Therefore, in order to calibrate the operability of the measurement, this specification will be compiled mainly based on HP8902A, and the calibration of other types of measuring receivers can refer to the relevant clauses. 4 Measuring characteristics
4.1 Frequency
Frequency range: 150kHz~26.5GHz;
Frequency accuracy: 1×10-6
4.2 Power
Power range: 30dBm～-20dBm;
Maximum allowable error: ±(0.01～0.02)dB. 4.3 Tuning level
Level range: 0dBm~-127dBm;
Maximum allowable error: ±(0.01~0.5)dB4.4 FM
Carrier frequency range: 150kHz~26.5GHz;
Modulation frequency range: 20Hz～200kHz; Frequency deviation measurement range: 0Hz～400kHz;
JJF1173—2007
Maximum allowable error of frequency deviation: soil (1% of reading + 1 word); 0 Demodulation distortion: less than 0.1%, (total harmonic distortion): AM suppression: less than 20Hz (AM is 50%, modulation frequency is 400Hz or 1kHz, bandwidth 50Hz~3kHz);
Residual FM: less than 8Hz (effective value, bandwidth 50Hz～3kHz). 4.5 Phase modulation
Carrier frequency range: 150kHz～26.5GHz;
Modulation frequency: 200Hz~20kHz;
Phase deviation measurement range: Orad～400rad; Maximum allowable error of phase deviation: ±0.1% (3% of reading + 1 word); Demodulation distortion: less than 0.1%, (total harmonic distortion); Business opportunities
Wenli store
Not measured
Amplitude modulation suppression: less than 0.03rad (effective value, amplitude modulation is 50%, bandwidth 50Hz～3kHz, modulation frequency 1kHz).
4.6 AM
Carrier frequency range: 150kHz～26.5GHz;
Modulation frequency: 20Hz~100kHz;
AM measurement range: 5%-99%;
Maximum allowable error of AM: ±(1% of reading + 1 word); Flatness: ±(0.3% of reading + 1 word); Demodulation distortion: less than 0.3% (AM not more than 50%, total harmonic distortion), less than 0.6% (AM not more than 95%, total harmonic distortion); FM suppression: less than 0.2% (bandwidth 50Hz～3kHz); Residual AM: less than 0.01% (effective value, bandwidth 50Hz～3kHz). 5 Calibration conditions
5.1 Environmental conditions
5.1.1 Ambient temperature: (23±5)℃;
5.1.2 Relative humidity: not more than 80%;
5.1.3 Power supply voltage: (220±10)V, (50±1)H2;5.1.4 There is no mechanical vibration and electromagnetic interference in the surrounding area that may affect the normal operation of the calibration system. 5.2 Calibration equipment
Natural environment free
Main Kexin flow
Clinical G Cheng
The equipment used for calibration must be certified by the statutory metrology technical organization and within the validity period, or calibrated by a registered calibration laboratory and within the recommended recalibration time interval specified by the user. 5.2.1 Power standard and power meter
Frequency range: 150kHz~26.5GHz;
Power measurement range: -50dBm～+20dBm; Maximum allowable error of power: 0.01dB. 2
5.2.2 Standard attenuator
Frequency range: DC~26.5GHz;
JJF1173—2007
Attenuation range: 0dB～70dB or higher (1dB step and 10dB step can be achieved) Voltage standing wave ratio: less than 1.15;
Isolation attenuator: attenuation not less than 10dB, voltage standing wave ratio less than 1.05, quantity 2. Recommendation: When the standard attenuator is calibrated, it should be equipped with isolation attenuators at both ends, so that when it is used for tuning level calibration, the measurement uncertainty caused by mismatch can be ignored in principle. 5.2.3 Two signal generators (one of which has external modulation function) Frequency range: 150kHz~26.5GHz
Maximum allowable frequency error: 1×10-7;
Output power: not less than -20dBm;
Residual FM: not more than 4Hz (effective value, bandwidth is 50Hz~3kHz): Residual AM: not more than 0.01%;
Frequency deviation: 10Hz~500kHz;
FM distortion: less than 0.025% (total harmonic distortion): FM frequency response: less than 0.1% (bandwidth 20Hz~200kHz). 5.2.4 Spectrum analyzer
Frequency range: 30Hz~-26.5GHz;
Frequency aging rate: 1×107/year;
Frequency span: 100Hz～1MHz;
Resolution bandwidth (-3dB): 1Hz～1MHz; Sideband noise: no more than -75dBc/Hz (deviation from center frequency 100Hz～100kHz): Average noise level: no more than 90dBm (bandwidth 1Hz); Display scale accuracy: 0.1dB/10dB, cumulative no more than 0.6dB to 90dB Sweep time: 10ms~2s
5.2.5 Low frequency signal generator
Frequency range: 10Hz～500kHz;
Frequency aging rate: 1×10-6/d (reference frequency point); Frequency Resolution: 10-7~10-8±2 digits; Output amplitude: not less than 10V (peak-to-peak value); Amplitude resolution: 0.1%;
Distortion: not more than -70dBc (total harmonic distortion, frequency range 10Hz-200kHz); Amplitude stability: 0.5%/30min
5.2.6 Frequency counter
Frequency range: 1Hz~1MHz;
Frequency aging rate: 7×10-8/d:
Resolution: 1Hzo
5.2.7 Digital voltmeter
Frequency range: 20Hz~500kHz;
Range: 0V～20V;
Maximum allowable error: ±0.05%.
5.2.8 Distortion meter
Frequency range: 20Hz～100kHz;
Distortion range: 0.001%100%;
Maximum allowable error: 1dB:bzxZ.net
Input voltage range: 50mV300V.
5.2.9 Standard amplitude modulator
Frequency range: 100kHz～1.3GHz:
Amplitude modulation: 5%~99%;
Maximum allowable amplitude modulation error: 0.5%;
Modulation frequency: 20Hz~100kHz;
JJF1173-—2007
Accompanying frequency modulation: not more than 4Hz (effective value, bandwidth is 50Hz~3kHz); Residual amplitude modulation: not more than 0.05% (effective value, bandwidth is 50Hz~3kHz). 5.2.10 Coaxial switch
Frequency range: DC~26.5GHz;
Isolation: not less than 80dB
Repeatability: better than 0.01%.
Calibration items and calibration methods
6.1 Normality check
6.1.1 Appearance and accessories
The appearance of the calibrated measuring receiver should be intact, without mechanical damage that affects normal operation, and the internal and external conductors of the input and output connectors should not be deformed or damaged. Accessories and instruction manuals should be complete 6.1.2 Normal operation
The calibrated measuring receiver should work normally after power is turned on, and preheat according to the specified time, and complete self-calibration according to the instructions. 6.2 Power calibration
6.2.1 Power sensor calibration factor
The transfer standard method is adopted, which is a device composed of a high-directional single-directional coupler or power divider and a high-precision power meter, which forms a negative feedback amplitude stabilization system with the signal generator. The standard power seat in the standard device is obtained through the transfer of the standard value of the upper level, and the calibration coefficient K of the system is determined, which is then used to calibrate the power sensor under test.
6.2.1.1 Connect the instrument as shown in Figure 1, and according to the instrument instructions, power on the required preheating instrument for heating; 6.2.1.2 Set the output frequency of the signal generator to the required measurement frequency, and set its output amplitude to the value that the calibrated power indicator can normally display; 6.2.1.3 Read the indication P of the standard power indicator and the indication P of the tested power indicator on the main arm4
Signal generator
JJF1173—2007
Standard power indicator
Standard power seat
Power divider or
Directional coupler
Digital voltmeter
Tested power sensor
Figure 1 Calibration factor calibration block diagram of the transfer standard method Calculate the calibration factor K of the tested power sensor according to formula (1): Pa ×/i=r2
Wherein:
Calibration factor of the power sensor under test;
K. Calibration factor of the standard power transfer system; Pe—power indication value of the standard power indicator, mW; Pm—power indication value of the power indicator under test, mW; [1-F2 is considered as 1 when it is calculated as a mismatch item. Record the calculation results in Table A.1 of Appendix A. 6.2.2 0dBm reference level calibration
Connect the instruments and equipment according to Figure 2:
Standard power meter
Measurement receiver to be calibrated
Figure 2 Reference level calibration
6.2.2.2 Read the indication P of the standard power meter and record it in Table A.2 of Appendix A. 6.3 Frequency range calibration
6.3.1 Connect the equipment according to Figure 3:
Tested power indicator
6.3.2 Set the measurement receiver to the two end point frequencies f and respectively, adjust the signal generator frequency to make the receiver display stable, record the signal generator display frequency values f and f in Table A.3 of Appendix A and calculate the frequency error according to formula (2):
Where: 8——frequency error;
f.——measurement receiver end point frequency;
f, signal generator display frequency.
6.4 Calibration of tuning level
6.4.1 Connect the calibration equipment according to Figure 3. The signal generator, standard attenuator and the receiver to be calibrated should be reliably grounded 5
Signal generator
Attenuator
JJF1173—2007
Attenuator
Attenuator
Figure 3 Block diagram of tuning level calibration system
Measurement to be calibrated
Receiver
6. 4.2 The calibration frequency points of the tuning level can be selected from the following frequency points: 10.5MHz, 50MHz, 200Mz, 400MHz, 600MHz800MIHz, 1000MHIz, 1300MHz, 2.0GHz, 5.0GHz, 10.0GHz, 15.0GHz, 17.0GHz, 17.9GHz, 26.5GHz; 6.4.3 Set the standard attenuator to 0dB and the measuring receiver to the frequency measurement state. Adjust the output amplitude and frequency of the signal generator so that the measuring receiver displays the frequency correctly. Set the measuring receiver to the tuning level measurement state and adjust the output amplitude of the signal generator so that the measuring receiver displays a value of about 0dBm. Keep the output amplitude of the signal generator unchanged, change the attenuation value of the standard attenuator according to Table A.3 in Appendix A, and record the readings of the measuring receiver and the standard attenuator in Table A.3 in Appendix A;
6.4.4 Reset the standard attenuator to 0dB, adjust the output amplitude of the signal generator, and set the tuning level of the measuring receiver to -60dBm so that the measuring receiver displays a stable display. Then set the tuning level of the measuring receiver according to the requirements of Table A.3 in Appendix A, and change the attenuation value of the standard attenuator accordingly, and fine-tune the amplitude of the signal generator so that the calibrated measuring receiver displays a stable display again, and measures -127dBm. Repeat the measurement for no less than 3 times, and record the data in Table A.3 of Appendix A;
6.4.5 Calibration error of tuning level 8. It should be calculated according to formula (3) and formula (4): 0dBm～-60dBm:
=AAA
-60dBm～-127dBm:
A=(AA)-(A.+60dB)
A=OA+OA60
Where: - Calibration error of tuning level, dB; A, — indication of the calibrated measurement receiver, dBm; Art indication of the calibrated measurement receiver at 0dBm, dBmA. — attenuation increment of standard attenuator, dB; Note: For calibrated standard attenuators, the calibration value should be substituted in the above formula. 8 - Calibration error when tuning level is below -60dBm: 8A0 Error of standard attenuator at 60dB.
6.5 FM Calibration
6.5.1 Frequency Deviation
The calibration of the receiver frequency deviation (phase deviation) includes the Bessel function zero value method and the standard modulation source method. 6.5.1.1 Bessel function zero value method, connect the calibration equipment according to Figure 4; (3)
6.5.1.2. Set the calibrated measurement receiver to the frequency deviation measurement (FM) state and select the positive peak (Peak+) detector;
Low frequency signal generator
Frequency counter
JJE1173—2007
Signal generator
Figure 4 Bessel function zero value method
Measurement receiver to be calibrated
Spectrum analyzer
NIIS is the measurement deviation, adjust the frequency of the low frequency signal generator according to
6.5.1.3 Set switch S to the
rate, so that the frequency counter accurately displays the set frequency of the modulation signal; 6.5.1.4 Set switch S to the hand position, switch S to the "1" position Adjust the output carrier frequency and amplitude of the signal generator to meet the requirements of the receiver under test. The carrier frequency and amplitude are within -20dBm~
6.5.1.5 switch
HP8902A
required. 5MHz or 100MHz, amplitude
25dBm). The low-pass filter of the receiver under test is set according to the corresponding "LP" in the table; hand "2" position, "
adjust"
frequency and carrier amplitude of the spectrum analyzer, as reference value, cursor
change the signal spectrum line clear
set switch S
signal generator color amplitude, make the carrier spectrum line amplitude decrease until the first time (to drop not less than 60:
|6.5.1.6 Open
Mark the carrier
bit with the cursor, adjust the low frequency
(serial number) ratio
to the "1" bit, in the frequency deviation measurement (FM) and negative peak value Peak
state of the measured receiver under calibration, read the displayed value for several times, and record it in the appendix
Zero point serial number #
LP/kHz
Um/mV (peak-to-peak value)
Positive peak value (Peak+)
A and A,
Step 6.5.1.3~
Set the low-pass filter of the measured receiver under calibration and the standard frequency deviation value Close 1 .6633
6.5.1.7 According to the remaining leakage pre-rate values and zero point numbers listed in Table 1, change steps 6.5.1.2~6.5.1.6; pipe A product
6.5.1.8 According to formula (5) and formula (6 yuan Af=
Where: A/——n-times measurement average value, kHz; A/——i-th measurement value, kHz;
-n-th measurement average value, kHz;
is the;th measurement value, kHz.
Average value of pre-bias:
JJF1173—2007
6.5.1.9 According to formula (7) and formula (8), calculate the relative error of frequency deviation: Af. - Af
Where: 6+, 8_-Relative error of frequency deviation, unit is percentage (%): Af, — Values given in Table 1, calculated by Bessel function zero value method, unit is Hz. (7)
6.5.1.10 Standard FM source method Connect the equipment according to Figure 5: Note: This method mainly relies on low-frequency signal source and FM signal source with good stability and repeatability to form a standard FM source, and is calibrated by the superior metrology technical organization (or registered calibration laboratory) using Bessel function zero value method to give a one-to-one correspondence between frequency deviation and modulation signal amplitude U, value (Table 1), and use this relationship to realize the calibration of the frequency deviation of the measured receiver. The U, value given in Table 1 is the value of the 33120A low-frequency signal source used in this system, for reference only. Frequency counter
Low frequency signal generator
Standard FM source
Digital voltmeter
Signal generator
Figure 5 Standard FM source measuring frequency deviation and FM demodulation frequency response Receiver to be calibrated
6.5.1.11 Set the receiver to be calibrated to the frequency deviation measurement (FM) state and select the positive peak (Peak+) detector:
6.5.1.12 According to the standard frequency deviation Af, modulation frequency Tm and amplitude U of the calibrated low frequency signal source in Table 1, set the low frequency signal The frequency and amplitude of the source are measured accurately with a frequency meter and a voltmeter. Each time a group of numbers is set, the FM positive peak (P+) and negative peak (P-) states of the frequency deviation of the calibrated receiver are measured, and △. and △f are read respectively. Repeat the measurement for no less than 3 times and record them in Appendix A Table A.4; 6.5.1.13 Calculate the average value △/, △f and relative error +, 8 respectively according to formulas (5), (6) and (7), (8)-6.5.2 FM demodulation frequency response
FM demodulation frequency response refers to the relationship between modulation frequency and modulation voltage at a fixed frequency deviation. 6.5.2.1 Connect the calibration equipment as shown in Figure 5;
6.5.2.2 Set the calibrated receiver to the frequency modulation measurement (FM) state and select the positive peak (Peak+) detector;
6.5.2.3 Adjust the output frequency of the low-frequency signal generator to the modulation frequency of the self-calibration source of the calibrated receiver (such as 10kHz for HP8902A), set switch S to "2", and adjust the low-frequency 8 according to the frequency deviation requirements set in Table A.6 of Appendix A.12 According to the standard frequency deviation Af, modulation frequency Tm and amplitude U of the low-frequency signal source after calibration in Table 1, set the frequency and amplitude of the low-frequency signal source in turn, and use a frequency meter and a voltmeter to measure accurately. After each set of numbers, read out △. and △f respectively at the frequency deviation measurement FM positive peak (P+) and negative peak (P-) states of the calibrated receiver. Repeat the measurement for no less than 3 times and record in Appendix A Table A.4; 6.5.1.13 Calculate the average value △/, △f and relative error +, 8 respectively according to formulas (5), (6) and (7), (8)-6.5.2 FM demodulation frequency response
FM demodulation frequency response refers to the relationship between modulation frequency and modulation voltage at a fixed frequency deviation. 6.5.2.1 Connect the calibration equipment as shown in Figure 5;
6.5.2.2 Set the calibrated receiver to the frequency modulation measurement (FM) state and select the positive peak (Peak+) detector;
6.5.2.3 Adjust the output frequency of the low-frequency signal generator to the modulation frequency of the self-calibration source of the calibrated receiver (such as 10kHz for HP8902A), set switch S to "2", and adjust the low-frequency 8 according to the frequency deviation requirements set in Table A.6 of Appendix A.12 According to the standard frequency deviation Af, modulation frequency Tm and amplitude U of the low-frequency signal source after calibration in Table 1, set the frequency and amplitude of the low-frequency signal source in turn, and use a frequency meter and a voltmeter to measure accurately. After each set of numbers, read out △. and △f respectively at the frequency deviation measurement FM positive peak (P+) and negative peak (P-) states of the calibrated receiver. Repeat the measurement for no less than 3 times and record in Appendix A Table A.4; 6.5.1.13 Calculate the average value △/, △f and relative error +, 8 respectively according to formulas (5), (6) and (7), (8)-6.5.2 FM demodulation frequency response
FM demodulation frequency response refers to the relationship between modulation frequency and modulation voltage at a fixed frequency deviation. 6.5.2.1 Connect the calibration equipment as shown in Figure 5;
6.5.2.2 Set the calibrated receiver to the frequency modulation measurement (FM) state and select the positive peak (Peak+) detector;
6.5.2.3 Adjust the output frequency of the low-frequency signal generator to the modulation frequency of the self-calibration source of the calibrated receiver (such as 10kHz for HP8902A), set switch S to "2", and adjust the low-frequency 8 according to the frequency deviation requirements set in Table A.6 of Appendix A.
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