SY 5517-1992 Specification for field petroleum and natural gas geological survey
Some standard content:
Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standard SY5517--92 of the People's Republic of China
Specifications for Field Petroleum and Natural Gas Geological Survey
Published on November 3, 1992
Ministry of Energy of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on April 1, 1993
Subject content and scope of application
Use of standard
Original language, symbols, codes·
Work procedures for field petroleum and natural gas geological survey, data collection and collation
Exploration·
Technical design preparation·
Measured stratigraphic profiles·
Geological mapping
Specimen and sample collection··
Field work inspection and acceptance
Report attachments
Review and defense||tt ||Safety regulations
Appendix A
Appendix B
Collection, requirements and application of aerial survey data (supplement) Field naming of sedimentary rocks (supplement)
Contents of field description of sedimentary rocks (supplement)…Appendix C
Appendix D
Measurement of sedimentary rock occurrence (supplement)
Appendix E Hydrogeological survey registration form (supplement)·Work area classification table (reference)
Appendix G Observation route and observation point density quota table (reference) (1
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1 Subject content and scope of application
Petroleum and natural gas industry standard of the People's Republic of China Field petroleum and natural gas geological survey specification
SY 5517—92
This standard specifies the stage division, working procedures, basic working methods, technical requirements, report compilation, acceptance system and safety measures for field geological survey of petroleum and natural gas.
This standard is applicable to field geological survey of oil and natural gas industry. .2 Referenced standards
SY5615—9s Specifications and diagrams for geological mapping of petroleum and natural gas 3. Terms, symbols and codes
:3.1 Terms
:3.1.1 Field geological survey for oil & gas is a geological survey for the purpose of searching for oil and natural gas. It is a geological mapping or special research on the rocks, strata, structures, oil and gas seeps, hydrogeology, landforms, etc. on the ground in a certain area.
Synonyms: petroleum geological surface survey Mapping3,12 Integrated exploration for oil and gas is a general term for the search for oil and gas by means of field geological survey, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and drilling. 3.t.3 Geological mapping is to fill in various geological bodies and related geological phenomena on the ground on a topographic base map at a certain scale to form a geological map. Geological mapping is divided into four types: general survey, general survey, detailed survey and detailed survey. 3.1.4 Route reconnaissance is to use a small-scale topographic base map to conduct a comprehensive geological route survey and research work on a large area where oil and gas geological surveys have been made. The mapping scale is 1:1000000~1:500000. Synonymous, general survey reconnaissance 3.1.5 Reconnaissance survey is to use a medium-scale topographic base map to conduct a comprehensive geological mapping and survey and research work on areas with natural gas prospects. Mapping scale 1:200000~1:100000.3.1.6 Detailed survey
Use a larger scale topographic base map to carry out detailed geological mapping and investigation and research work in favorable areas for oil and gas reservoir distribution. Mapping scale 1:50000~1:25000.
3.1.7 Detailed structural mapping Comprehensively track the rock layers that are favorable for oil and gas storage structures and compile structural maps. Mapping scale 1:100001:5000. Synonyms: detailed structural survey3.1.8 Petroleum geological special field investigationApproved by the Ministry of Energy of the People's Republic of China on November 3, 1992 and implemented on April 1, 1993
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Detailed field observation and analytical research work to solve certain geological problems in oil and gas exploration. 3,1,9 Preliminary surveyBefore the field oil and gas geological survey, the work area is visited and the geological conditions and working conditions are understood. This work is called preliminary survey.
Same as preliminary survey3,1,10 Base map of topographyBase map of topographyA base map of topography with the geographical background and topographic contours marked in lighter tones. 3.1.11 Unit of geological mapping Basic unit for dividing geological bodies and geological phenomena in geological mapping, including units with special significance such as marker layers, rock bodies, oil and gas seeps, blue, wax and springs with a width of less than 1 mm or a diameter of less than 2 mm on the map. 3.1.12 Traverse of geological observation Field work route for geological mapping or special research. 3.1.13 Point of geological observation Location for observation and sampling of parts or contact zones and demarcation lines that can represent a certain area of geological rest and geological phenomena in geological mapping.
3.1.14 Geological point Observation point for observing and describing geological bodies and geological phenomena. 3.1.15 Structural point Structural point Observation point on the standard layer to determine its position, elevation and occurrence. 3.1.16 Point of oil and gas shows Observation points set at outcrops of oil, natural gas, asphalt and ozokerite. 3.1.17 Hydrogeological point Observation points set at outcrops of groundwater and at rivers and lakes. 3.2 Symbols (see Table 1)
Stratigraphic angle
Stratigraphic strike azimuth
Stratigraphic dip azimuth
Stratigraphic section direction azimuth
The angle between the stratigraphic strike and the stratigraphic section direction The terrain slope angle along the stratigraphic section direction. That is, the outcrop length of the conductor glass angle layer in the direction of Haoai, that is, the true thickness of the slant distance rock layer
3.3 Code (now Table 2)
Field oil and gas geological adjustment work procedures [collect data
Preparation stage
Organization preparation
(Preparation of technical design
Measured stratigraphic profile
Geological mapping
b, field work stage (preliminary collation of field special research data
Writing preliminary summary report
Field test
Comprehensive collation of data
Indoor collation stage (preparation of formal maps and reports, report, review and consultation
5 Data collection and collation
5.1 Data collection content
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Oil and gas seedlings
Hydrological points
Significance of the agency
5.1.1 Topographic maps
Collect the latest national topographic maps of the work area and neighboring areas. The scale of the topographic maps should be at least one time larger than the scale of the map specified in the task. Enlarged topographic maps shall not be collected or used. 5.1.2 Survey data
a. Numbers, coordinates and elevations of triangulation points and basic points in the work area and neighboring areas; b. Survey results of special landforms (drilling holes, wells, springs, etc.). 5.1.3 Geographic data
Natural geographical data: including data on mountains, rivers, tides, oceans, vegetation, meteorology, etc. a.
Economic geographical data: including data on transportation, mining, agriculture and animal husbandry, distribution of settlements, ethnic customs, and material supply, etc. 5.1.4
Aerial survey data
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Collect aerial photographs, satellite images, remote sensing and aerial geophysical data, see Appendix A (Supplement) for details. 5.1.5 Geological and mineral data
Various geological surveys, oil and gas exploration, mineral exploration data a.
Ground geophysical exploration (gravity, magnetic, electrical, radioactive, seismic, etc.), geochemical exploration, drilling data: c.
Hydrogeological data,
d. Geological research reports, papers, maps, photos, e. Geological test analysis and identification data, f. Mass prospecting and reporting data,
9. Requirements and existing problems of relevant units for geological work, etc. 5,2 Data collation and map preparation
All data should be sorted and sorted, data documents should be compiled, and data files should be established; at the same time, maps (geological survey degree map, comprehensive geological sketch, comprehensive stratigraphic and lithofacies columnar map, structural outline sketch, oil and gas prospecting sketch) should be compiled as a reference to guide exploration, technical design and field work. 6 Field exploration
6.1 Tasks of field exploration
6, 1.1 Understand the geography, transportation, housing, water source, and food supply conditions of the second area, determine the time for field work, transportation, equipment and supplies, base and dormitory location, etc.
6.1.2 Understand the geological conditions of the work area, including: a. The characteristics, distribution and contact relationship of various geological bodies, the characteristics of the main stratigraphic units and the division marks of the mapping units, b. The type and complexity of geological structures,
d. The degree of exposure of rock formations, the type, distribution area and thickness of cover materials, e. The types and distribution of oil and gas seedlings and useful minerals. Determine the deployment and working methods of field work. 6.1.3 Verify the collected data, including: a. The interpretation effect of aerial survey photos, Jiang Shi and supplementary interpretation marks, b. The distribution and preservation of survey marks
C. Problems in previous achievements.
6.1,4 Understand the unsafe factors and prevention methods of the work area, including: the occurrence areas, rules and laws of floods, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows, a.
b, the types and occurrence laws of disastrous or severe weather, c. the types and protection methods of poisonous insects, snakes, and beasts, d. earthquake conditions and other unsafe factors. Determine labor protection supplies and safety measures.
6.2 Methods of reconnaissance
The ground reconnaissance method is commonly used, and the aerial visual reconnaissance method can be combined when conditions permit. 6.2.1 Ground reconnaissance
6.2.1.1 General route reconnaissance is used for areas with poor research. The method is: a: According to the aerial survey images, for different structural types, different geological bodies and natural landscape areas, trace the crossing route reconnaissance: b. Focus on investigating typical stratigraphic sections, geological phenomena and oil and gas seedlings. 6.2.1.2 Thematic key reconnaissance is used for areas with high research levels. The work content is to understand: 4
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a. Standard stratigraphic sections and representative oil and gas-bearing rock systems; b. Typical geological structures, geological bodies and geological phenomena; C. Representative oil and gas paintings.
6.2.2 Aerial visual survey
Used for areas with difficult conditions for passage and crossing (snowy high mountain areas, Gobi desert areas, forest areas, remote areas with no people) and when a large area of work area can be surveyed in a short time. 7 Technical design preparation
The technical design book formulated according to the task book (contract) and specification requirements issued by the superior and combined with the specific conditions of the survey area is the main basis for conducting field oil and gas geological surveys, inspection, acceptance and evaluation of the quality of the results. 7.1 Contents of the technical design book
The contents and arrangement order of the design book are as follows. 7.1.1 Sequence
Team number, team name, team type
and tasks (survey scale, scope and area of the work area, etc.) Basis for work,
Geographic location of the work area, administrative region location, name of the international division of the topographic map, natural geographical characteristics of the area, and field working conditions. Previous research
List the previous geological surveys, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and drilling work in the work area in chronological order, the achievements of previous work, the problems solved, and the existing problems
Regional geology
The age, distribution, lithology, originality, contact relationship, fossils contained and rock rent changes of the strata in the work area. Comparison of the main groups and sections of the strata in the work area; the strata outside the work area,
d. Special conditions of the strata in the work area.
7.1.3,2 Structure
Geotectonic location,
Nature of tectonic units,
Tectonic type
Fault distribution and nature
Oil, gas, water and other minerals
Distribution of oil and gas seeps and springs,
Stratum and distribution of oil, gas and water layers,
Relationship between water properties and oil and gas,
d. Other credit minerals.
7.1.4 Work tasks and quota calculation
a. Survey area and route length,
b. The number, grade and length of measured stratigraphic sections and cross-sections, G.
The number of observation points per square kilometer and the total number of various observation points5
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d. The monthly survey area quota (first indicated according to the level of the work area, and then the quota is revised according to the outcrop conditions of the work area, the difficulty of stratification, the superiority and elevation of the terrain, the climate, the intersection, the distance from the old ground and other conditions): e.
The number and workload of exploration pits and trenches, the number and workload of drilling and shallow wells. 7.1.5 Working methods
The means and methods of completing the task are shown in
The working sequence of the route and profile
The setting and working methods of exploration pits, trenches, hand-operated drills, and shallow wells. The methods of mutual cooperation with other exploration work types in the Maben work area. 1.6 Specimen sample collection plan
7.1.6.1 According to the work tasks and working methods, the number of specimen samples collected and the monthly sample delivery plan are proposed. 7.1.6.2 The samples include oil, gas, water geochemistry, rock properties, grain size, light and heavy minerals, thin sections, fluorescence, trace elements, geomagnetism, isotope age and calcite analysis items. 7.1,7
Time plan for the following work (see Table 3)
Collect black data and conduct cross-survey
Preparation before departure
Before departure
Field work
Outdoor inspection and acceptance
On the way back
Indoor work and defense
Workload plan (see Table 4)
Fill in!
Length of route
Surface measurement length
Horizontal solid measurement length
Pit exploration operation plan
Hand-cranked drill
Shallow and deep penetration
Start time
Completion time
Monthly plan
Total number of days
Total remarks
7.1.9 Financing budget
7.1.10 Attachments
a. d. Comprehensive stratigraphic columnar diagram: if conditions permit, the seismic reflection interface, high-resistance layer surface, gravity density interface and other geophysical results should be noted on the diagram:
Science and technology outline map:
f. Distribution of moisturizing seedlings
9. Field work specification map: the map contains design routes, observation points, sampling points, etc.! h. Work process map.
2 Approval and revision of design
2.1 The technical design must be prepared by the team leader or technical person in charge of the field team.
2.2 The competent department organizes a design defense meeting. The designer must revise and supplement the design according to the tasks and opinions determined at the defense meeting.
7.2.3 The completed design must be submitted to the superior competent department for review and approval. 72.4 During the field work, if the geological conditions have changed significantly and the plan cannot be completed, the plan should be revised and reported to the superior competent department for approval and filing.
8 Measured stratigraphic profiles
8.1 Types of measured stratigraphic sections
8, 1.1 According to the differences in work accuracy and description items, or the differences in the degree of role played in geological mapping, measured stratigraphic sections are divided into three categories:
a, vertical stratigraphic sections,
b, auxiliary stratigraphic sections;
c, stratigraphic thickness sections.
8.1.2 According to the completeness of the measured layers, the measured stratigraphic sections can be divided into two categories: First, the full-section stratigraphic section: its work task is to carry out detailed stratification of all the strata exposed in the work area, study the rock thickness, composition, structure, stratification marks, oil and gas characteristics, stratigraphic sequence, contact relationship, age attribution, etc., systematically collect rock samples and paleontological markers, and establish stratigraphic sections
b. Point-layer stratigraphic section: its work task is to study the gas-bearing rock series and its caprock, focusing on understanding the marks, thickness, lithology and lithofacies changes of the mapping units. 8.2 Selection of stratigraphic section location
8.2.1. The site should be selected to represent the stratum lithology and thickness characteristics of a region or a sub-district, including the transition zone of regional lithology changes.
The site should be selected with continuous outcrop distribution, complete and clear, rich in fossils, and little lateral cover. 8.2.3. The site should be selected in a simple structure as much as possible. When it is very important to confirm the location and it is impossible to avoid fault extension or overburden, the section must be connected with obvious standard layers when connecting the nearest sections, and the standard layers should overlap each other. When the above requirements cannot be met, the work of stripping, pit exploration and trench exploration should be carried out.
8.2.4. It is required that the surface direction should be perpendicular to the stratum trend as much as possible in the terrain. 8.3 Precision requirements for measured stratigraphic profiles
8.3.1 Accuracy requirements for standard surfaces
8.3.1.1 Stratigraphic stratification regulations
SY 5517-92
a. When stratifying, the color, composition, structure, texture and other characteristics of the rock, as well as minerals, fossils, interlayer contact, sedimentary discontinuities and other factors should be considered comprehensively. Where there are obvious changes, stratification should be carried out; b. The thickness of the stratification should be determined according to the scale of the map. The scale of the columnar surface map of the standard rhyme surface is generally stipulated to be 1:500; c. When stratifying, special attention should be paid to the reservoir cap layer, the rock layer with special significance and the standard layer. Regardless of the thickness, they should be stratified separately, or a single card thickness should be described comprehensively:
d. For special structures and special interlayers, paleontological interlayers, etc., an enlarged scale of 1:50 to 1:10 should be used, and the magnified sketch map should be used to accurately express it;
e. The stratigraphic stratification should be comparable with the regional profile. 8.31,2 The contact relationship between strata should be traced horizontally to find sufficient evidence. 8.3.1.3 The lithological description requires truthfulness and comprehensiveness, and the key points should be highlighted. 8.3.1.4 Systematic sampling must be carried out, and the sampling should be purposeful and representative. The sampling density can be determined according to Table 5 and the actual situation. a.
b. The size of rock specimens collected for display is 3cm×8cm×10cm: c
The mass of the collected test samples is the same as that specified in 11.211.9. Table 5
General layer
Thickness of single layer. m
Number of sampling blocks
>50～100
1 block per 15m
1 block per 25m
1 block per 30m
8,3,1.5For geological mapping of any scale, the relative error of the total thickness of the standard section of the stratum measured twice shall not be greater than 2%. The thickness unit is meter, and the reading is to 2 decimal places. 8.3.1.6 Attached are cross-sectional drawings, tracings and photographs. Specific requirements include: a. Cross-sectional drawings should reflect the terrain undulations, rock layer exposure width and occurrence. The drawings should indicate the direction, scale, contact relationship, layer number, oil and gas seepage layer, occurrence and measurement location, fossil producing layer and special interlayer location, sketch and photography location, sample trace collection location, etc.
The tracing should show the special structure or sedimentary characteristics of the rock strata, mark the area, name, scale and important description; c.
When taking photos and videos of meaningful geological phenomena, place a reference object of the size of the scene through the scene; the photos should be numbered, briefly described and recorded. 8.3.2
Accuracy requirements for auxiliary sections
Auxiliary sections can be subdivided into layers and summarized in a comprehensive summary format. The stratigraphic division should be comparable to the regional stratigraphic section. The scale of the columnar section map is 1:1000~1:2000. The relative error of the total thickness of the two measurements is the same as that of 8.3.1.5. 8.3.3
Accuracy requirements for primary sections
Except for special layers. It can be layered and described in a comprehensive summary. The changes in lithofacies and thickness should be controlled. The exposure should be basically clear, with partial coverage but no faults. The principle is not to affect the thickness and not to miss the main layer. c. It should be comparable with the regional stratigraphic section: the scale of the columnar section is 12000~1:5000e. f. The relative error of the total thickness of the two measurements is the same as that of 8.3.1, G. 8.4 General procedures and methods for measuring stratigraphic sections 8.4.1 After selecting the position of the measured stratigraphic section, before the formal measurement, detailed investigation should be carried out according to the section route to fully understand the geological situation. The content is: whether the lithology is stable within a short distance of the rock layer: the law of rock combination and contact relationship and the distribution of fossils!
Evident degree of stratification factors:
Difficulty of section measurement
Structural overview;
Comparative relationship of rock layers in different structural parts. g.
8.4.2 According to the results of the survey, the following contents should be determined: a.
Marking of strata:
Division of stratigraphic units and mapping units: Layer numbering and setting up of signs
d. Arrangement of pit exploration and trench exploration projects.
8.4.3 Formulate and implement a work plan based on the survey data, the plan content includes scale,
b. Workload:
Surveying method
Surveying sequence:
Organization of division of labor#
Work quota and work progress plan.
8.4.4 Surface and line measurement is divided into semi-instrument method and full-instrument method. 8.4.4.1 For semi-instrumental traverse measurement, use a tape measure or a measuring rope to measure the ground slope distance, and use a geological compass to measure the traverse's azimuth and traverse slope angle.
For full-instrumental traverse measurement, use a theodolite to measure the traverse. 8.4.5 While measuring the profile line, observe and describe the measured stratigraphic profile. 8.4.5.1 For the content and method of description, see Appendix C (Supplement). 8.4.5.2 Describe and record each item in a special field notebook. 8.4.5.3 Draw a convenient profile map along the line. 8.4.5.4 Accurately mark the starting point and end point of the profile line, the location of the profile observation point, the rock formation occurrence elements and the stratigraphic boundary line on the topographic base map and aerial photographs.
8.4.6 Measurement operation requirementsWww.bzxZ.net
8.4.6.1 The measured strata should be layered from old to new. 8.4.6.2 The section direction should be as perpendicular to the formation direction as possible, that is, the intersection angle should be as 90″ as possible. If there are difficulties in the terrain and it can only be obliquely intersected with the formation direction, the intersection angle shall not be less than 60°.
8, year.6,3 The measurement should be carried out according to the most determined direction. If the direction has to be changed appropriately due to terrain or other factors, the reason should be stated in the record remarks column.
8.4.6.4 On-site operation steps and contents
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The front and rear surveyors follow the direction of the line and accurately erect two poles of the same length (1.5m) on the stratum boundary. a.
Align the extension direction of the two poles and measure the azimuth of the line. b.
Measure the slope angle of the line with the top of the two poles as the standard. The rear surveyor looks forward and the slope angle is positive when looking up. The slope angle is negative when looking up!
d. Straighten the tape measure between the tops of the two poles and read the slope distance: e. Measure the formation occurrence. The method is shown in Appendix D (Supplement). f. The recorder will report the slope angles reported by the front and rear surveyors. All data should be recorded neatly, clearly and accurately in Table 6, "Stratum Thickness Measurement Calculation Table" and reviewed and checked;
9. Calculate the stratum thickness according to the thickness calculation formula (the meaning of the codes in the formula is shown in Table 6), and the second person should check and check HL (sina-cosp-sinycosa-sinp)h to check the consistency between the calculated thickness and the measured stratum thickness. If any problems are found, correct them or rework them in time. 8.4.6.5 When measuring the azimuth and slope angle of the wire, the front and rear measuring hands should measure against each other for correction. 8.4.6.6 When measuring the stratum occurrence, you should first observe the measured rock layer and measure at a representative location. Dip and dip. 8.4.6.7 All measurement data should be accurate, and all reported data and records should be repeated on site in a timely manner and verified in retrograde. 8.4.7 At the end of the day's work, the thickness of the strata must be verified. The number of layers and the sampling positions must be consistent with the original field records, thickness record books, deep sample labels and clear sheets, and field columnar sketches. 8.5 Data collation
8.5.1 After each day or each group, section, and belt is measured, a columnar sketch comparing the longitudinal characteristics of the strata should be prepared. Summarize the original records of lithology descriptions, thickness records, fossil records, specimen sampling records, etc. 8.5.2 Special statistics must be made for the original data of fossils, cracks and rock structures. 8.5.3 After the measurement of a surface, the rock sample analysis, fossil identification, layer thickness record and other data should be systematically sorted out. 8.5.4 The summary columnar profile should summarize all the results of field collection and laboratory analysis. For the convenience of reading and use, the lithology, oil-generating layer, oil-reservoir and other data can be appropriately separated and mapped separately. 8.5.5 Each measured standard profile should be accompanied by a 1200000 cut surface location map and a text summary, including: the geographical location of the profile, the name and location of the structure a.
Brief description of regional lithological characteristics
Main basis for stratigraphic age division and stratification, opinions on stratification in the current frontier; d.
Description of main lithological characteristics:
Characteristics of source-reservoir-caprock and their combination:
f. Quality and reliability of various analytical data, problems to be avoided and suggestions.
8.5,6 Original data collected and analyzed and identified by special centers shall be sorted out from bottom to top according to the bar chart and completed. The layer number and serial number of the original data must be consistent with the bar chart. 9 Geological mapping
9.1 Basic tasks of geological mapping at each survey stage 9.1.1 General survey
And: Are there any possible source-dissipation layers in the survey area! b. Point out the prospective areas where oil survey can be carried out. 9.1.2 Survey
Point out the possible reservoir-caprock combination in the survey area, a.
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