Some standard content:
GB/T 4857.22--1998
This standard is compiled based on ISO10531:1992 "Stability test for complete and fully loaded transport packages" of the International Organization for Standardization, and is equivalent to it in terms of technical content. Unit load
The equivalent adoption of ISO010531:1992 "Packaging-complete and fully loaded transport packages, year-unit load stability test" is for the participation of my country's unit cargo in international circulation.
This standard divides unit cargo into four categories according to their handling methods: pallet unit cargo; unrestricted pallet unit cargo; clamped unit cargo; push and pull unit cargo, and tests them according to the harmful factors they are exposed to in the circulation environment. This standard specifies the requirements for test equipment, procedures and reports.
Appendix A of this standard is a suggestive appendix.
This standard is proposed by China Packaging Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Packaging Standardization. This standard was drafted by: Mechanical Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry, Standard Metrology Institute of the Ministry of Communications, China Export Commodity Packaging Research Institute, Standard Metrology Institute of the Ministry of Railways.
The main drafters of this standard are: Li Xuelong, Huang Xue, Xiong Caiqi, Li Jianhua, Wang Wei, Zhang Jin. 87
GB/T4857.22—1998
ISO Foreword
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is a worldwide alliance of national standards bodies (ISO members). The preparation of international standards is usually carried out by technical committees of the ISO. Any ISO member interested in a project established by a technical committee has the right to express its opinion on the committee. International organizations, governmental or non-governmental organizations that have relations with the ISO organization may also participate in its work. ISO) works closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft international standards adopted by technical committees are circulated to members for voting. Publication as an international standard requires at least 75% of the members to vote in favor.
International Standard ISO10531 was drafted by the third technical committee of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO/TC122/SC3) "Performance requirements and tests for packaging methods: packages and unit loads". Appendix A of this international standard is for reference only.
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Packaging-Transport packages
Unit loads stability test methods
Packaging-Transport packages-Unit loads stability test methods This standard specifies the requirements for equipment, procedures and reports for unit load stability tests. GB/T 4857. 22-
—1998
eqyIs010531:1992
This standard is applicable to the assessment of the performance of unit loads when they are subjected to hazards in land circulation environments. It can also be used as a reference for sea transportation environments. It can be used as a single test or as part of a series of tests. 2 Reference standards
The clauses contained in the following standards constitute the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised. Parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB/T4857.1—92 Packaging Method for marking various parts during testing of transport packages (eqvISO2206:1987) Temperature and humidity conditioning treatment of transport packages (eqvISO22331986) Packaging
GB/T 4857.2---92
GB/T 4857.3—92
GB/T 4857.7---92
GB/T 4857.10-92
GB/T 4857. 11-92
Static load stacking test method (eqvISO2234:1985) Transport package green
Transport package
Sine fixed frequency vibration test method (egvISO2247:1985) PackagingWww.bzxZ.net
Transport package
Sine variable frequency vibration test method (eqvISO8318:1986) Packaging
GB/T 4857.16—90
GB/T 4857.17—92
GB/T 4857.18—-92
GB/T 4857.19—92
Transport packages
Horizontal impact test method (eqvISO2244:1985) Basic test for transport packages: Stacking test method using pressure testing machine (neqISO2874:1985)
General principles for preparing performance test outline for transport packages (egvISO4180/1:1980) Quantitative data for preparing performance test outline for transport packages (eqvISO4180/2:1980) Packaging and transport packages: Circulation test information record (eqvISO4178:1980) GB/T15233--94 Packaging unit cargo dimensions (eqvISO3676:1983) 3 Definitions
In addition to the definitions in GB/T15233, this standard also adopts the following definitions. 3.1 Clamp handling
A handling method that uses a special fork clamping device to apply sufficient pressure on the two opposite sides of the unit load. 3.2 Push and pull handlingA handling method that uses a special fork clamping device or other suitable methods to push or pull the slide plate loaded with unit loads onto the cargo platform.
Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on April 13, 1998 and implemented on January 1, 1999
4 General requirements
GB/T 4857. 22—1998
4.1 Unit loads shall be tested in accordance with this standard. The corresponding handling test shall be selected according to the handling method, and the test results shall be part of the entire unit load test.
4.2 The dimensions of the unit load shall comply with the provisions of GB/T15233. 4.3 If failure occurs at any point in the test, further tests shall be terminated immediately, and the combination method shall be redesigned and retested in sequence from the first test.
4.4 Observe the failures that occur during the test and point out the unstable factors of the unit cargo, including deformation, change, collapse of the packaging, aging of materials or inadaptability of the packaging materials.
5 Equipment
5.1 The vibration test equipment used in this standard shall comply with the provisions of GB/T4857.7 and GB/T4857.10. 5.2 The pressure test equipment used in this standard shall comply with the provisions of GB/T4857.16. 5.3 The horizontal impact test equipment used in this standard shall comply with the provisions of GB/T4857.11. 5.4 When conducting the drop test, any convenient equipment such as wood blocks, pulleys, lifts or jacks with release mechanisms can be used for pallet unit cargo, so that the pallet unit cargo will not be hindered by any part of the equipment before colliding with the impact surface. 5.5 When conducting the clamping and handling test, use a fork device equipped with a suitable cargo clamping device to extract the cargo. Before the test, the clamping force between the clamps should be measured with a dynamometer.
5.6 During the push and pull test, a fork device equipped with suitable push and pull accessories is used so that it can pull the protruding part of the slide plate and pull the unit load onto the cargo flatbed. In the absence of special equipment, any pulling equipment equipped with a gripper can be used. 6 Temperature and humidity adjustment
The temperature and humidity adjustment before the unit load test can be selected according to the environmental conditions during its specific transportation and the temperature and humidity conditions in GB/T4857.2 as the test environmental conditions. 7 Procedure
7.1 Test requirements
7.1.1 The test should be carried out according to Table 1 based on the unit load handling method and the actual circulation environmental factors of the unit load. 7.1.2 The performance test outline should be prepared in accordance with the provisions of GB/T4857.17. 7.1.3 Before the test, the unit load should be marked according to the requirements of GB/T·4857.1. 7.1.4 The test strength value should be selected according to the transportation environmental conditions of the unit load in accordance with the provisions of GB/T4857.18. Table 1 Unit load test Unit load and handling method Pallet unit load Restricted pallet Unit load According to 7.2.1.1 and 7.2.1.2\ and according to the situation, select 7.2.2.3 Tests
Unrestricted pallet unit cargo
Perform the test route
Clamped transport unit cargo
Perform the test route
Perform a fixed frequency or variable frequency vibration test according to GB/T4857.7 or GB/T4857.102) Perform a stacking test according to the provisions of GB/T4857.3 or GB/T4857.16 Push and pull transport unit cargo
Perform the test route
1) When performing the bottom edge drop test, the sturdiness requirements for the pallet unit cargo packaging are relatively high. In general, the test can be carried out according to 7.2.1.1. 2) Under the conditions permitted by the test equipment, use cargo with the same height as the actual transportation situation for the test. 7.2 Pallet unit load handling test
7.2.1 Drop test
GB/T4857.22—1998
The following two methods are used to test the ability of pallet unit loads to resist accidental drops. 7.2.1.1 Test of falling flat on a base with one inclined edge Place one edge of the pallet unit load on a concrete plane. Lift the other end of the pallet unit load by 200 mm and then release it to allow it to fall freely (see Figure 1).
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the drop plane test
7.2.1.2 Bottom edge drop test
Place the pallet unit load on a concrete plane. Lift one end of the pallet unit load and place a wooden block or other support (50 mm in height) under the lifted bottom edge so that the bottom edge is about 100 mm away from the fulcrum of the support (see Figure 2). Lift the other end of the pallet unit load until the bottom of the load is 200mm from the concrete plane, then release and allow it to fall freely (see Figure 3). When the pallet unit load is high or the upper part is heavy, the pallet unit load should be prevented from tipping over after falling during the test. 100
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of bottom edge drop test preparation
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of bottom edge drop test
7.2.2 Plane impact test
One of the following three tests should be selected according to the hazards that may be encountered during transportation. 7.2.2.1 Inclined impact test
Use a test equipment with a controllable 10° bevel angle to support the pallet unit load and provide horizontal impact (see Figure 4). Place the pallet unit cargo on the trolley against the trolley table, pull the trolley 4m away along the slope, and then let it slide freely along the slope until it hits the impact plate (see Figure 5).
Block.
Lift the plate to the horizontal wooden block
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the test trolley
Impact position
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the inclined impact test
7.2.2.2 Pendulum impact test
The test method shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T4857.11. 7.2.2.3 Horizontal impact test
The test method shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T4857.11. 7.3 Clamping and handling test
7.3.1 Test requirements
7.3.1.1 This test is used to assess the ability of the unit load to withstand repeated lateral pressure. Wooden board
Release position
7777777
7.3.1.2 The fork clamping device specified in 5.5 should be used to clamp the key parts of the unit load, and the clamping force on the opposite sides of the unit load and the hydraulic pressure at the effective clamping position should be measured. 7.3.1.3 If the normal handling is two layers of unit loads, a similar load should be stacked on the unit load to be tested during the test.
7.3.2 Test procedure
7.3.2.1 Use the specified method to clamp the unit load according to the actual transportation situation, starting from the lowest clamping force and gradually increasing the clamping force until the load can be handled intact, and then choose to clamp the unit load at a position close to the unit load at the height of the truck. 7.3.2.2 Carry out the test according to the lifting device handling route in Appendix A (suggested Appendix). 7.3.2.3 If the unit load is normally clamped from two directions, the test cycle shall be allocated according to the possibility of clamping from each direction. 7.3.2.4 This test may be repeated to the predetermined number of handling times or until failure occurs. 7.4 Push and pull handling test
7.4.1 Test requirements
7.4.1.1 This test is used to evaluate the ability of the unit load to withstand repeated handling under the control of the fork gripping device. 92
GB/T 4857. 22 --- 1998
7.4.1.2 The fork gripping device specified in 5.6 shall be used. 7.4.1.3 If the normal handling is two layers of unit loads, the test shall be carried out by placing a same load on the unit load to be tested.
7.4.2 Test procedure
7.4.2.1 Carry out the test according to the lifting device handling route in Appendix A (suggested appendix). 7.4.2.2 If the unit load is normally lifted from two directions, allocate the test cycle according to the possibility of lifting from each direction. 7.4.2.3 This test can be repeated to the predetermined number of handling times or until failure occurs. 7.5 Inspection
During the test, if the unit load has the following conditions, it can be judged as a failure: a) The packaging is damaged, making it impossible to further circulate, store and turn over the goods; b) The integrity of the unit load is reduced, so that further handling cannot be guaranteed. 8 Test report
The contents of the test report shall be prepared and recorded in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T4857.19, and shall specify in detail: a) the test is carried out in accordance with the requirements of this standard;
b) the number of times the test is repeated on the unit cargo; c) a description of the stacking method, size, structure and material of the unit cargo; d) a description of the content and layout of the cargo (simulants or imitations should be explained). 93
A1 Test route
GB/T4857.22—1998
Appendix A
(Suggestive Appendix)
Lifting device handling test
A1.1 Establish a standard "L\-shaped test route on a hard surface, including a 3m to 3.5m wide channel with a 90° corner, suitable acceleration or deceleration area and observation points (OP1 to OP5) (see Figure A1). 3~3.5m
Lifting or lowering
Acceleration or deceleration area
Lifting or lowering
Acceleration or deceleration area
Optional area for placing obstacles
Figure A1 Schematic diagram of test route| |tt||A1.2 The specified obstacles (rails, ramps, grilles, etc. placed flush with the road surface) should be placed on the test route. The obstacles should be crossed or vertical. Except for ramps, other obstacles should have a certain angle. A2 Test conditions
When the lifting device passes through the test area, it should pass at a uniform "walking" speed A2.1
(1.5m/s±0.3m/s) regardless of whether there are obstacles.
A2.2 The maximum speed of the lifting device at the corner is 1m/s. A2.3 When the test is terminated in an emergency, the minimum deceleration of the lifting device to the deceleration area is 2m/s. A2.4 The unit load is inspected after each handling cycle (lifting, transporting, putting down). 942 Bottom edge drop test
Place the pallet unit load on a concrete plane. Lift one end of the pallet unit load and place a wooden block or other support (50mm in height) under the lifted bottom edge so that the bottom edge is about 100mm away from the fulcrum of the support (see Figure 2). Lift the other end of the pallet unit load until the bottom of the load is 200mm from the concrete plane, then release and allow it to fall freely (see Figure 3). When the pallet unit load is high or the upper part is heavy, the pallet unit load should be prevented from tipping over after falling during the test. 100
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of preparation for bottom edge drop test
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of bottom edge drop test
7.2.2 Plane impact test
One of the following three tests should be selected according to the hazards that may be encountered during transportation. 7.2.2.1 Inclined impact test
Use a test device with a controllable 10° bevel angle to support the pallet unit cargo and provide horizontal impact (see Figure 4). Place the pallet unit cargo on the trolley against the trolley table, pull the trolley 4m away along the inclined surface, and then let it slide freely along the inclined surface until it hits the impact plate (see Figure 5).
Block.
Lift this plate to the horizontal wooden block
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the test trolley
Impact position
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the inclined impact test
7.2.2.2 Pendulum impact test
The test method shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T4857.11. 7.2.2.3 Horizontal impact test
The test method shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T4857.11. 7.3 Clamping and handling test
7.3.1 Test requirements
7.3.1.1 This test is used to evaluate the ability of unit cargo to withstand repeated lateral pressure. Wooden board
Release position
7777777
7.3.1.2 The fork clamping device specified in 5.5 shall be used to clamp the key parts of the unit cargo, and the clamping force on the opposite sides of the unit cargo and the hydraulic pressure at the effective clamping position shall be measured. 7.3.1.3 If the normal handling is two layers of unit cargo, a test of the same cargo shall be placed on the unit cargo being tested.
7.3.2 Test procedure
7.3.2.1 Use the specified method to clamp the unit load according to the actual transportation situation, starting from the lowest clamping force and gradually increasing the clamping force until the load can be handled intact, and then choose to clamp the unit load at a position close to the unit load at the height of the truck. 7.3.2.2 Carry out the test according to the lifting device handling route in Appendix A (suggested appendix). 7.3.2.3 If the unit load is normally clamped from two directions, allocate the test cycle according to the possibility of clamping from each direction. 7.3.2.4 This test can be repeated to the predetermined number of handling times or until failure occurs. 7.4 Push and pull handling test
7.4.1 Test requirements
7.4.1.1 This test is used to evaluate the ability of the unit load to withstand repeated handling under the control of the fork gripping device. 92
GB/T 4857. 22 --- 1998
7.4.1.2 The fork gripping device specified in 5.6 shall be used. 7.4.1.3 If the normal handling is two-layer unit load, the test shall be conducted by placing a same load on the unit load to be tested.
7.4.2 Test procedure
7.4.2.1 Test according to the handling route of the lifting device in Appendix A (suggested appendix). 7.4.2.2 If the unit load is normally lifted from two directions, the test cycle shall be allocated according to the possibility of lifting from each direction. 7.4.2.3 This test may be repeated for the predetermined number of times of handling or until failure occurs. 7.5 Inspection
During the test, if the unit load has the following conditions, it can be judged as failure: a) The packaging is damaged, making it impossible to circulate, store and turn over the goods further; b) The integrity of the unit load is reduced, so that further handling cannot be guaranteed. 8 Test report
The contents of the test report shall be prepared and recorded in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T4857.19, and shall specify in detail: a) the test is carried out in accordance with the requirements of this standard;
b) the number of times the test is repeated on the unit cargo; c) a description of the stacking method, size, structure and material of the unit cargo; d) a description of the content and layout of the cargo (simulants or imitations should be explained). 93
A1 Test route
GB/T4857.22—1998
Appendix A
(Suggestive Appendix)
Lifting device handling test
A1.1 Establish a standard "L\-shaped test route on a hard surface, including a 3m to 3.5m wide channel with a 90° corner, suitable acceleration or deceleration area and observation points (OP1 to OP5) (see Figure A1). 3~3.5m
Lifting or lowering
Acceleration or deceleration area
Lifting or lowering
Acceleration or deceleration area
Optional area for placing obstacles
Figure A1 Schematic diagram of test route| |tt||A1.2 The specified obstacles (rails, ramps, grilles, etc. placed flush with the road surface) should be placed on the test route. The obstacles should be crossed or vertical. Except for ramps, other obstacles should have a certain angle. A2 Test conditions
When the lifting device passes through the test area, it should pass at a uniform "walking" speed A2.1
(1.5m/s±0.3m/s) regardless of whether there are obstacles.
A2.2 The maximum speed of the lifting device at the corner is 1m/s. A2.3 When the test is terminated in an emergency, the minimum deceleration of the lifting device to the deceleration area is 2m/s. A2.4 The unit load is inspected after each handling cycle (lifting, transporting, putting down). 942 Bottom edge drop test
Place the pallet unit load on a concrete plane. Lift one end of the pallet unit load and place a wooden block or other support (50mm in height) under the lifted bottom edge so that the bottom edge is about 100mm away from the fulcrum of the support (see Figure 2). Lift the other end of the pallet unit load until the bottom of the load is 200mm from the concrete plane, then release and allow it to fall freely (see Figure 3). When the pallet unit load is high or the upper part is heavy, the pallet unit load should be prevented from tipping over after falling during the test. 100
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of preparation for bottom edge drop test
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of bottom edge drop test
7.2.2 Plane impact test
One of the following three tests should be selected according to the hazards that may be encountered during transportation. 7.2.2.1 Inclined impact test
Use a test device with a controllable 10° bevel angle to support the pallet unit cargo and provide horizontal impact (see Figure 4). Place the pallet unit cargo on the trolley against the trolley table, pull the trolley 4m away along the inclined surface, and then let it slide freely along the inclined surface until it hits the impact plate (see Figure 5).
Block.
Lift this plate to the horizontal wooden block
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the test trolley
Impact position
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the inclined impact test
7.2.2.2 Pendulum impact test
The test method shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T4857.11. 7.2.2.3 Horizontal impact test
The test method shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T4857.11. 7.3 Clamping and handling test
7.3.1 Test requirements
7.3.1.1 This test is used to evaluate the ability of unit cargo to withstand repeated lateral pressure. Wooden board
Release position
7777777
7.3.1.2 The fork clamping device specified in 5.5 shall be used to clamp the key parts of the unit cargo, and the clamping force on the opposite sides of the unit cargo and the hydraulic pressure at the effective clamping position shall be measured. 7.3.1.3 If the normal handling is two layers of unit cargo, a test of the same cargo shall be placed on the unit cargo being tested.
7.3.2 Test procedure
7.3.2.1 Use the specified method to clamp the unit load according to the actual transportation situation, starting from the lowest clamping force and gradually increasing the clamping force until the load can be handled intact, and then choose to clamp the unit load at a position close to the unit load at the height of the truck. 7.3.2.2 Carry out the test according to the lifting device handling route in Appendix A (suggested appendix). 7.3.2.3 If the unit load is normally clamped from two directions, allocate the test cycle according to the possibility of clamping from each direction. 7.3.2.4 This test can be repeated to the predetermined number of handling times or until failure occurs. 7.4 Push and pull handling test
7.4.1 Test requirements
7.4.1.1 This test is used to evaluate the ability of the unit load to withstand repeated handling under the control of the fork gripping device. 92
GB/T 4857. 22 --- 1998
7.4.1.2 The fork gripping device specified in 5.6 shall be used. 7.4.1.3 If the normal handling is two-layer unit load, the test shall be conducted by placing a same load on the unit load to be tested.
7.4.2 Test procedure
7.4.2.1 Test according to the handling route of the lifting device in Appendix A (suggested appendix). 7.4.2.2 If the unit load is normally lifted from two directions, the test cycle shall be allocated according to the possibility of lifting from each direction. 7.4.2.3 This test may be repeated for the predetermined number of times of handling or until failure occurs. 7.5 Inspection
During the test, if the unit load has the following conditions, it can be judged as failure: a) The packaging is damaged, making it impossible to circulate, store and turn over the goods further; b) The integrity of the unit load is reduced, so that further handling cannot be guaranteed. 8 Test report
The contents of the test report shall be prepared and recorded in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T4857.19, and shall specify in detail: a) the test is carried out in accordance with the requirements of this standard;
b) the number of times the test is repeated on the unit cargo; c) a description of the stacking method, size, structure and material of the unit cargo; d) a description of the content and layout of the cargo (simulants or imitations should be explained). 93
A1 Test route
GB/T4857.22—1998
Appendix A
(Suggestive Appendix)
Lifting device handling test
A1.1 Establish a standard "L\-shaped test route on a hard surface, including a 3m to 3.5m wide channel with a 90° corner, suitable acceleration or deceleration area and observation points (OP1 to OP5) (see Figure A1). 3~3.5m
Lifting or lowering
Acceleration or deceleration area
Lifting or lowering
Acceleration or deceleration area
Optional area for placing obstacles
Figure A1 Schematic diagram of test route| |tt||A1.2 The specified obstacles (rails, ramps, grilles, etc. placed flush with the road surface) should be placed on the test route. The obstacles should be crossed or vertical. Except for ramps, other obstacles should have a certain angle. A2 Test conditions
When the lifting device passes through the test area, it should pass at a uniform "walking" speed A2.1
(1.5m/s±0.3m/s) regardless of whether there are obstacles.
A2.2 The maximum speed of the lifting device at the corner is 1m/s. A2.3 When the test is terminated in an emergency, the minimum deceleration of the lifting device to the deceleration area is 2m/s. A2.4 The unit load is inspected after each handling cycle (lifting, transporting, putting down). 946. 7.4.1.3 If the normal handling is two-layer unit load, the test should be carried out by stacking a same load on the unit load being tested.
7.4.2 Test procedure
7.4.2.1 Test according to the lifting device handling route in Appendix A (suggested appendix). 7.4.2.2 If the unit load is normally lifted from two directions, the test cycle is allocated according to the possibility of lifting from each direction. 7.4.2.3 This test can be repeated to the predetermined number of handling times or until failure occurs. 7.5 Inspection
During the test, if the unit load has the following conditions, it can be judged as a failure: a) The packaging is damaged, making it impossible to circulate, store and turn over the goods; b) The integrity of the unit load is reduced, so that further handling cannot be guaranteed. 8 Test report
The contents of the test report shall be prepared and recorded in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T4857.19, and shall specify in detail: a) the test is carried out in accordance with the requirements of this standard;
b) the number of times the test is repeated on the unit cargo; c) a description of the stacking method, size, structure and material of the unit cargo; d) a description of the content and layout of the cargo (simulants or imitations should be explained). 93
A1 Test route
GB/T4857.22—1998
Appendix A
(Suggestive Appendix)
Lifting device handling test
A1.1 Establish a standard "L\-shaped test route on a hard surface, including a 3m to 3.5m wide channel with a 90° corner, suitable acceleration or deceleration area and observation points (OP1 to OP5) (see Figure A1). 3~3.5m
Lifting or lowering
Acceleration or deceleration area
Lifting or lowering
Acceleration or deceleration area
Optional area for placing obstacles
Figure A1 Schematic diagram of test route| |tt||A1.2 The specified obstacles (rails, ramps, grilles, etc. placed flush with the road surface) should be placed on the test route. The obstacles should be crossed or vertical. Except for ramps, other obstacles should have a certain angle. A2 Test conditions
When the lifting device passes through the test area, it should pass at a uniform "walking" speed A2.1
(1.5m/s±0.3m/s) regardless of whether there are obstacles.
A2.2 The maximum speed of the lifting device at the corner is 1m/s. A2.3 When the test is terminated in an emergency, the minimum deceleration of the lifting device to the deceleration area is 2m/s. A2.4 The unit load is inspected after each handling cycle (lifting, transporting, putting down). 946. 7.4.1.3 If the normal handling is two-layer unit load, the test should be carried out by stacking a same load on the unit load being tested.
7.4.2 Test procedure
7.4.2.1 Test according to the lifting device handling route in Appendix A (suggested appendix). 7.4.2.2 If the unit load is normally lifted from two directions, the test cycle is allocated according to the possibility of lifting from each direction. 7.4.2.3 This test can be repeated to the predetermined number of handling times or until failure occurs. 7.5 Inspection
During the test, if the unit load has the following conditions, it can be judged as a failure: a) The packaging is damaged, making it impossible to circulate, store and turn over the goods; b) The integrity of the unit load is reduced, so that further handling cannot be guaranteed. 8 Test report
The contents of the test report shall be prepared and recorded in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T4857.19, and shall specify in detail: a) the test is carried out in accordance with the requirements of this standard;
b) the number of times the test is repeated on the unit cargo; c) a description of the stacking method, size, structure and material of the unit cargo; d) a description of the content and layout of the cargo (simulants or imitations should be explained). 93
A1 Test route
GB/T4857.22—1998
Appendix A
(Suggestive Appendix)
Lifting device handling test
A1.1 Establish a standard "L\-shaped test route on a hard surface, including a 3m to 3.5m wide channel with a 90° corner, suitable acceleration or deceleration area and observation points (OP1 to OP5) (see Figure A1). 3~3.5m
Lifting or lowering
Acceleration or deceleration area
Lifting or lowering
Acceleration or deceleration area
Optional area for placing obstacles
Figure A1 Schematic diagram of test route| |tt||A1.2 The specified obstacles (rails, ramps, grilles, etc. placed flush with the road surface) should be placed on the test route. The obstacles should be crossed or vertical. Except for ramps, other obstacles should have a certain angle. A2 Test conditions
When the lifting device passes through the test area, it should pass at a uniform "walking" speed A2.1
(1.5m/s±0.3m/s) regardless of whether there are obstacles.
A2.2 The maximum speed of the lifting device at the corner is 1m/s. A2.3 When the test is terminated in an emergency, the minimum deceleration of the lifting device to the deceleration area is 2m/s. A2.4 The unit load is inspected after each handling cycle (lifting, transporting, putting down). 94
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