GB/T 16168-1996 Accelerated test method for coatings used in the atmospheric section of marine structures
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Accelerated test methods for atmospheric surface coating systems for offshore structures1 Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 16168-1996
This standard specifies the test plan, test equipment, sample preparation, test conditions, test result evaluation and test report for the accelerated test method for atmospheric surface coating systems for offshore structures.
This standard is applicable to the selection of accelerated test methods for protective coatings for the atmospheric section of offshore structures such as offshore platforms and facilities. 2 Reference standards
GB1766 Weathering resistance rating method for paint films
GB/T1771 Determination of neutral salt spray resistance of paints and varnishes GB8923 Rust grade and rust removal grade of steel surfaces before painting GB9277.2 Evaluation of aging of paint coatings Part 2: Evaluation of blistering grade GB9277.3 Evaluation of aging of paint coatings Part 3: Evaluation of rust grade Evaluation of aging of paint coatings Part 4: Evaluation of cracking grade GB 9277.4
GB 9277. 5
Evaluation of aging of paint coatings Part 5: Evaluation of peeling grade Cross-cut test for paint and varnish films
GB 9286
GB9754
Determination of specular gloss at 20°, 60° and 85° for paints and varnishes without metallic pigments GB10834
Determination of salt water resistance of marine paints
Salt water and hot salt water immersion method
GB11186.3 Method for measuring color of coatings
Part 3: Calculation of color difference
GB11190 Apparatus for light-water exposure (carbon arc type) and implementation method for paints, varnishes, spray paints and related products GB/T13288 Evaluation of surface roughness grade of steel before painting (comparison sample method) 3 Test schemes
3.1 Overview
In the test, one or more of the test schemes listed in Section 3.2 are required for all coating systems. Each test scheme shall be tested for at least 4000 hours. The following points should be considered: a. Select an appropriate test scheme according to the use conditions of the coating; b. The evaluation of all coating systems should be carried out under the same exposure test conditions; c. It is not allowed to extrapolate the data from one group of tests to another; d. When a test scheme cannot include all test coating systems, a special coating system should be selected as a reference standard for comparing different test schemes. It is recommended to select a high-quality coating system that has been used as a reference. 3.2 Accelerated test scheme
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on January 25, 1996 and implemented on October 1, 1996
3.2.1 Scheme A
GB/T 16168—1996
After the specimen is exposed in the salt spray test chamber for 100±10h, it is dried at room temperature in the laboratory for 16h, and then exposed in a light-water exposure device (carbon arc type) with the same exposure time as the sudden exposure time in the salt spray chamber (±5h). The above alternating test lasts for about 200 hours in total for one cycle. Repeat the above exposure cycle process for at least 4000 hours. Check and rate every 1000 hours. 3.2.2 Scheme B
The specimen is intermittently soaked in aerated salt water (20 to 30 minutes per hour for complete immersion time) to replace the exposure in the salt spray chamber in Scheme A in 3.2.1. The rest of the operating procedures are the same as Scheme A. 3.2.3 Scheme C
The specimen is continuously exposed in the salt spray test chamber for at least 4000 hours. Check and rate every 1000 hours. 3.2.4 Scheme D
The specimen is intermittently soaked in aerated salt water (20 to 30 minutes per hour for complete immersion time) for at least 4000 hours. Check and rate every 1000 hours.
4 Test equipment
4.1 Salt spray test chamber
The salt spray test chamber shall comply with the provisions of GB/T1771. 4.2 Intermittent immersion device
The intermittent immersion device is shown in Figure 1.
4.2.1 The intermittent immersion device includes two or more water tanks, a water pump (diffusion type or other), a sample support frame, an adjustable control valve, an overflow pipe, an aerated splash baffle, a tank cover and a siphon, etc. 4.2.2 According to the device in Figure 1, an aerated splash baffle is set below the water inlet of the water tank to continuously aerate the salt water in the tank. 4.3 Light-water exposure equipment (carbon arc type)
The light-water exposure equipment (carbon arc type) should meet the requirements of the four basic types of equipment and two methods (A and B) specified in GB11190. Fluorescent ultraviolet/condensation type test equipment can also be used. 842
5 Sample preparation
GB/T16168—1996
Figure 1 Intermittent immersion device
1-water tank, 2-sample; 3-inflatable splash baffle; 4-sample support frame? 5-plastic pipe; 6-siphon funnel, 7-siphon tube; 8-tank cover: 9-adjustable control valve, 10 flow tank; 11 overflow pipe; 12-high water line; 13-low water line; 14-submersible pump The samples are divided into two types according to the coating system used and the evaluation purpose. 5.11 Type sample
5.1.1 Type I sample is used to evaluate the coating process of the test coating system. Its shape and size are shown in Figure 2. The sample base material is a 150mm×100mm×3mm carbon steel plate with a partially welded channel steel at the bottom. The sample surface with the channel steel has sharp edges, round edges, welds, welding slag and gaps, which are typical irregular surfaces on offshore engineering structures. 5.1.2 Scratch a "Y" on the upper right side of the front of the sample, as shown in Figure 2. The scratch should penetrate the coating to the base material. The length of each side of the "Y" is 13mm. Unless otherwise specified, the single-edged cutter recommended by GB9286 should be used. The following method is recommended to scratch the "Y" on the coating: a "Y" groove is scratched on a 3-5mm thick hard aluminum plate as a template, and the template is placed on the appropriate position of the specimen to scratch the "Y". 843
GB/T16168-1996
After the initial 100h of salt spray or intermittent salt water immersion, the exposed substrate surface of the "Y" area should be checked. If no rust occurs, scratch again until the steel substrate is exposed and continue the test. 56
Figure 21 Type test specimen
1-Gap; 2-Inner welding area, 3-Spot welding, 4-Explosion seam; 5-Welding slag: 6-"" character notch; 7-Sharp edge; 8-Round edge 5.21 Type test specimen
5.2.1 Type I test specimen is used to evaluate coating systems without typical irregular surface structure areas. Its shape and size are shown in Figure 3. Unless otherwise required, the sample substrate should use a steel grade close to that used in actual applications. Its dimensions are 200mm×100mm×3mm. 5.2.2 Make an inverted “V” exposed steel surface area on the sample surface. This can be achieved by the following method: Use an adhesive tape slightly smaller than the *V\ area to stick to the sample substrate that has been surface treated and cleaned, and then paint. When all the painting work is completed, cut the coating at the edge of the adhesive tape and remove the remaining adhesive tape. The inverted "V" area can be lightly polished with No4/0 emery paper to remove residual adhesive liquid. Prepare the sample according to the rust removal grade requirements reported. The surface roughness shall be 40~70μm according to GB/T13288 5.3 Unless otherwise specified, it shall be determined according to Sa2- in GB8923.
5.4 Painting
GB/T16168—1996
Figure 31 Type 1 Test Specimen
1-Adhesion test area; 2-Exposed steel surface area; 3-Bending test area 5.4.1 The painting work of the coating system shall be carried out according to the technical requirements provided by the coating manufacturer. 5.4.2 The coating of the primer shall be completed on the same day as the surface rust removal and cleaning work. If phosphating primer is used When the pre-priming and the next coating are to be carried out on the same day as the surface rust removal and cleaning of the sample substrate, the sample preparation conditions are the same. It can also provide simulated on-site painting conditions to a certain extent.
5.4.3 The ambient temperature for coating and drying of the paint system is 23 ± 2°C. The drying time should be determined according to the requirements of the paint manufacturer. If a special environment is required (such as low-temperature coating and drying), additional samples should be prepared under these conditions, and their dimensions and surface treatment requirements are the same as those specified in 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3.
6 Test conditions
6.1 Salt spray test chamber
The test solution, sample exposure method, operating conditions and test procedures shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 1771. 6.2 Intermittent bubbling device
6.2.1 All samples should be evenly placed or hung in the test tank. 6.2.2 The salt water solution is prepared according to the method in Chapter 3 of GB/T1771. It can also be prepared according to the method in Article 5.1 of GB10834. 6.2.3 The temperature of the salt water solution in the tank should be controlled at 21-27℃, but it can also be changed to meet special test needs. For example, a higher solution temperature (e.g. 38℃) will have a higher corrosion rate. 6.2.4 The salt water solution in the tank is easily contaminated by iron oxide or other impurities and requires regular replacement, usually during the inspection and rating every 1000h.
6.3 Light-water exposure equipment (carbon arc type)
The installation and state adjustment of the specimen shall comply with the provisions of GB11190, and the test method shall comply with Article 5.2 Method A or Article 5.3 Method B of GB11190.
7 Evaluation of test results
7.1 Every 1000 hours or when rating and grading, remove the sample from the test chamber, rinse the sample surface slowly with tap water to remove loose sediments, and evaluate the sample before it dries.
7.2 If the test schemes of 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 are adopted, a qualitative visual inspection shall be carried out every 200 hours. Record the coating conditions of different parts of the sample, i.e., flat surface, sharp edge, round edge and groove area: the size and density of bubbles, the size of rust area and rust spots; the number and size of cracks and the area and size of peeling, etc.
7.3 If the test schemes of 3.2.3 and 3.2.4 are adopted, remove the sample every 1000 hours, clean the sample, dry it and take color photos according to the requirements of 7.1. After all the tests are completed, check the degree of coating aging damage according to the following contents (destructive inspection can be performed if necessary): extension of filiform corrosion under the coating in the artificial scratch area; a.
percentage of peeling in the total peeling area;
adhesion is carried out by one of the following two methods: c.
method 1: according to the provisions of GB9286;
method 2: clean the coating surface, cut through the coating and cut a 25mm long tangent line, then cut the coating at decreasing intervals of 5.4, 3, 2 and 1mm, the tangent length is 25mm, according to the coating peeling The peeling situation is scored, as shown in Table 1: Table 1 Adhesion Score Table
Tangent Interval
No Peeling
Peeling Start
Damage of sharp edges: rust, blister, crack, crack, discoloration and peeling; location, size and density of blister;
Damage of coating in the water accumulation area of the groove: rust, blister, crack, crack, discoloration and peeling, damage of coating in the flat area of the specimen: rust, blister, crack, crack, discoloration and peeling; powdering and loosening of the coating surface,
Gloss, matte gloss;
Color change.
Peeling between coatings
7.4 After each destructive inspection, a color photo or slide of the specimen should be taken for comparison. If quantitative colorimetric evaluation of color changes caused by aging is required, the method specified in GB11186.3 can be used. 846
GB/T 16168—1996
7.5 Use a digital system to record the test results of the samples. Two scoring systems, Table 2 and Table 3, are recommended. However, the same scoring system should be used for the same batch of samples.
Table 2 Rating table for coating specimens
Rating items
Filiform corrosion and peeling
Adhesion
Bending test
Rust condition in V-shaped area
Other important items
Rating items
Adhesion
Other items
Rating standards and methods
Appendix A (supplement)
Appendix B (supplement)
GB9286
Appendix C (supplement)
Appendix D (supplement)
Rating standards
GB9754
GB 9277. 2
GB 9277. 4
GB 9277. 5
GB1766
GB9286
Table 3 Surface coating rating table
Important factors
(or weighting factors)
Important factors
(or weighting factors)
Weighted score
Weighted score
The weighted score of each rating item is the product of the score of the item and the importance factor (or weighting factor) of the item. 7.5.1
7.5.2 The selection of important factors should be determined before the test. 7.5. 3 The determination of the important factors of each rating item should be determined based on the importance of the item in the entire test plan and the actual application requirements.
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
Product model, name, trademark, batch, production date and manufacturer of the test coating system, coating conditions of the test coating system, see Table 4;847
Coating number
First pass
Second pass
Third pass
Fourth pass
Specimen number;
Specimen preparation time;
Test start time;
Test end time;
Test plan and test conditions;
Test results (records and photos);
Test unit and tester.
GB/T 16168-1996
Coating Condition Table
Coating Name
Coating Thickness
Evaluation Range
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix A
Quantitative Evaluation Method for Filiform Corrosion and Shaving (Supplement)
All coatings that have lost adhesion can be gently removed with a blade to determine the range of blistering, filiform corrosion and peeling of the coating from the edge of the inverted "V" area.
A2 Scoring Method
See Table A1 for the scoring method.
For the size and score of the blister, see Table B1
Appendix B
Evaluation method of blister
(Supplement)
Bound coating range lost, mm
>9～10. 5
>10. 5 ~12
Grade (Table 2 of GB9277.2)
For the number and score of the blister, see Table B2.
Scope of application
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix C
Evaluation method of bending test
(Supplement)
Grade (Table 1 of GB9277.2)
Comparison of bending test is only applicable to the same system, such as inorganic zinc silicate primer to inorganic zinc silicate primer, epoxy to epoxy. Method Overview
Mark the bending test area in the upper left corner of the specimen (see Figure 3), clamp the specimen in a vise, bend it to 90° at the diagonal, and then return it to its original state. Use a blade to gently remove all loose coatings within the 25mm diagonal range, and use a transparent calculation grid to calculate the area of the removed coating.
Evaluation method
See Table C1 for the evaluation method.
Range of removed coating, %
>10～20
>20～30
>30～40
>40～50
>50～~60
>60～70
>70～~80
D1 Evaluation method
See Table D1 for the evaluation method.
Additional Notes:
GB/T16168—1996
Appendix D
Rust Assessment Method for Inverted “V” Zone
(Supplement)
This standard is proposed by China State Shipbuilding Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Paints and Pigments. Rust Condition
This standard was drafted by Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation and Offshore Oil Development Engineering Design Company of China National Offshore Oil Corporation.
The main drafters of this standard are Jin Xiaohong, Zhu Chengde, Ye Meiqi and Zhang Erru. 8513 Light-water exposure equipment (carbon arc type)
The installation and state adjustment of the specimen shall comply with the provisions of GB11190, and the test method shall comply with Article 5.2 Method A or Article 5.3 Method B of GB11190.
7 Evaluation of test results
7.1 Every 1000 hours or when rating and grading, take out the specimen from the test box, rinse the surface of the specimen slowly with tap water, remove loose sediments, and evaluate before the specimen dries.
7.2 If the test schemes of Articles 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 are adopted, a qualitative visual inspection shall be carried out every 200 hours. Record the coating conditions of different parts of the specimen, i.e., flat surface, sharp edge, round edge and groove area: the size and density of blistering, the area and size of rust spots; the number and size of cracks, and the area and size of peeling, etc.
7.3 If the test schemes in 3.2.3 and 3.2.4 are adopted, take out the samples every 1000 hours, clean the samples, dry them and take color photos according to the requirements of 7.1. After all the tests are completed, check the degree of coating aging damage according to the following contents (destructive inspection can be performed if necessary): extension of filiform corrosion under the coating in the artificial scratch area; a.
percentage of peeling in the total peeling area;
adhesion is tested by one of the following two methods: c.
Method 1: Perform in accordance with GB9286;
Method 2: Clean the coating surface, cut through the coating and scratch a 25mm long tangent line, then cut the coating at decreasing intervals of 5.4, 3, 2 and 1mm, the tangent length is 25mm, according to the coating peeling The peeling situation is scored, as shown in Table 1: Table 1 Adhesion Score Table
Tangent Interval
No Peeling
Peeling Start
Damage of sharp edges: rust, blister, crack, crack, discoloration and peeling; location, size and density of blister;
Damage of coating in the water accumulation area of the groove: rust, blister, crack, crack, discoloration and peeling, damage of coating in the flat area of the specimen: rust, blister, crack, crack, discoloration and peeling; powdering and loosening of the coating surface,
Gloss, matte gloss;
Color change.
Peeling between coatings
7.4 After each destructive inspection, a color photo or slide of the specimen should be taken for comparison. If quantitative colorimetric evaluation of color changes caused by aging is required, the method specified in GB11186.3 can be used. 846
GB/T 16168—1996
7.5 Use a digital system to record the test results of the samples. Two scoring systems, Table 2 and Table 3, are recommended. However, the same scoring system should be used for the same batch of samples.
Table 2 Rating table for coating specimens
Rating items
Filiform corrosion and peeling
Adhesion
Bending test
Rust condition in V-shaped area
Other important items
Rating items
Adhesion
Other items
Rating standards and methods
Appendix A (supplement)
Appendix B (supplement)
GB9286
Appendix C (supplement)
Appendix D (supplement)
Rating standards
GB9754
GB 9277. 2
GB 9277. 4
GB 9277. 5
GB1766
GB9286
Table 3 Surface coating rating table
Important factors
(or weighting factors)
Important factors
(or weighting factors)
Weighted score
Weighted score
The weighted score of each rating item is the product of the score of the item and the importance factor (or weighting factor) of the item. 7.5.1
7.5.2 The selection of important factors should be determined before the test. 7.5. 3 The determination of the important factors of each rating item should be determined based on the importance of the item in the entire test plan and the actual application requirements.
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
Product model, name, trademark, batch, production date and manufacturer of the test coating system, coating conditions of the test coating system, see Table 4;847
Coating number
First pass
Second pass
Third pass
Fourth pass
Specimen number;
Specimen preparation time;
Test start time;
Test end time;
Test plan and test conditions;
Test results (records and photos);
Test unit and tester.
GB/T 16168-1996
Coating Condition Table
Coating Name
Coating Thickness
Evaluation Range
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix A
Quantitative Evaluation Method for Filiform Corrosion and Shaving (Supplement)
All coatings that have lost adhesion can be gently removed with a blade to determine the range of blistering, filiform corrosion and peeling of the coating from the edge of the inverted "V" area.
A2 Scoring Method
See Table A1 for the scoring method.
For the size and score of the blister, see Table B1
Appendix B
Evaluation method of blister
(Supplement)
Bound coating range lost, mm
>9～10. 5
>10. 5 ~12
Grade (Table 2 of GB9277.2)
For the number and score of the blister, see Table B2.
Scope of application
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix C
Evaluation method of bending test
(Supplement)
Grade (Table 1 of GB9277.2)
Comparison of bending test is only applicable to the same system, such as inorganic zinc silicate primer to inorganic zinc silicate primer, epoxy to epoxy. Method Overview
Mark the bending test area in the upper left corner of the specimen (see Figure 3), clamp the specimen in a vise, bend it to 90° at the diagonal, and then return it to its original state. Use a blade to gently remove all loose coatings within the 25mm diagonal range, and use a transparent calculation grid to calculate the area of the removed coating.
Evaluation method
See Table C1 for the evaluation method.
Range of removed coating, %
>10～20
>20～30
>30～40
>40～50
>50～~60
>60～70
>70～~80
D1 Evaluation method
See Table D1 for the evaluation method.
Additional Notes:
GB/T16168—1996
Appendix D
Rust Assessment Method for Inverted “V” Zone
(Supplement)
This standard is proposed by China State Shipbuilding Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Paints and Pigments. Rust Condition
This standard was drafted by Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation and Offshore Oil Development Engineering Design Company of China National Offshore Oil Corporation.
The main drafters of this standard are Jin Xiaohong, Zhu Chengde, Ye Meiqi and Zhang Erru. 8513 Light-water exposure equipment (carbon arc type)
The installation and state adjustment of the specimen shall comply with the provisions of GB11190, and the test method shall comply with Article 5.2 Method A or Article 5.3 Method B of GB11190.
7 Evaluation of test results
7.1 Every 1000 hours or when rating and grading, take out the specimen from the test box, rinse the surface of the specimen slowly with tap water, remove loose sediments, and evaluate before the specimen dries.
7.2 If the test schemes of Articles 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 are adopted, a qualitative visual inspection shall be carried out every 200 hours. Record the coating conditions of different parts of the specimen, i.e., flat surface, sharp edge, round edge and groove area: the size and density of blistering, the area and size of rust spots; the number and size of cracks, and the area and size of peeling, etc.
7.3 If the test schemes in 3.2.3 and 3.2.4 are adopted, take out the samples every 1000 hours, clean the samples, dry them and take color photos according to the requirements of 7.1. After all the tests are completed, check the degree of coating aging damage according to the following contents (destructive inspection can be performed if necessary): extension of filiform corrosion under the coating in the artificial scratch area; a.
percentage of peeling in the total peeling area;
adhesion is tested by one of the following two methods: c.
Method 1: Perform in accordance with GB9286;
Method 2: Clean the coating surface, cut through the coating and scratch a 25mm long tangent line, then cut the coating at decreasing intervals of 5.4, 3, 2 and 1mm, the tangent length is 25mm, according to the coating peeling The peeling situation is scored, as shown in Table 1: Table 1 Adhesion Score Table
Tangent Interval
No Peeling
Peeling Start
Damage of sharp edges: rust, blister, crack, crack, discoloration and peeling; location, size and density of blister;
Damage of coating in the water accumulation area of the groove: rust, blister, crack, crack, discoloration and peeling, damage of coating in the flat area of the specimen: rust, blister, crack, crack, discoloration and peeling; powdering and loosening of the coating surface,
Gloss, matte gloss;
Color change.
Peeling between coatings
7.4 After each destructive inspection, a color photo or slide of the specimen should be taken for comparison. If quantitative colorimetric evaluation of color changes caused by aging is required, the method specified in GB11186.3 can be used. 846
GB/T 16168—1996
7.5 Use a digital system to record the test results of the samples. Two scoring systems, Table 2 and Table 3, are recommended. However, the same scoring system should be used for the same batch of samples.
Table 2 Rating table for coating specimens
Rating items
Filiform corrosion and peeling
Adhesion
Bending test
Rust condition in V-shaped area
Other important items
Rating items
Adhesion
Other items
Rating standards and methods
Appendix A (supplement)
Appendix B (supplement)
GB9286
Appendix C (supplement)
Appendix D (supplement)
Rating standards
GB9754
GB 9277. 2
GB 9277. 4
GB 9277. 5
GB1766
GB9286
Table 3 Surface coating rating table
Important factors
(or weighting factors)
Important factors
(or weighting factors)
Weighted score
Weighted score
The weighted score of each rating item is the product of the score of the item and the importance factor (or weighting factor) of the item. 7.5.1
7.5.2 The selection of important factors should be determined before the test. 7.5. 3 The determination of the important factors of each rating item should be determined based on the importance of the item in the entire test plan and the actual application requirements.
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
Product model, name, trademark, batch, production date and manufacturer of the test coating system, coating conditions of the test coating system, see Table 4;847
Coating number
First pass
Second pass
Third pass
Fourth pass
Specimen number;
Specimen preparation time;
Test start time;
Test end time;
Test plan and test conditions;
Test results (records and photos);
Test unit and tester.
GB/T 16168-1996
Coating Condition Table
Coating Name
Coating Thickness
Evaluation Range
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix A
Quantitative Evaluation Method for Filiform Corrosion and Shaving (Supplement)
All coatings that have lost adhesion can be gently removed with a blade to determine the range of blistering, filiform corrosion and peeling of the coating from the edge of the inverted "V" area.
A2 Scoring Method
See Table A1 for the scoring method.
For the size and score of the blister, see Table B1
Appendix B
Evaluation method of blister
(Supplement)
Bound coating range lost, mm
>9～10. 5
>10. 5 ~12
Grade (Table 2 of GB9277.2)
For the number and score of the blister, see Table B2.
Scope of application
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix C
Evaluation method of bending test
(Supplement)
Grade (Table 1 of GB9277.2)
Comparison of bending test is only applicable to the same system, such as inorganic zinc silicate primer to inorganic zinc silicate primer, epoxy to epoxy. Method Overview
Mark the bending test area in the upper left corner of the specimen (see Figure 3), clamp the specimen in a vise, bend it to 90° at the diagonal, and then return it to its original state. Use a blade to gently remove all loose coatings within the 25mm diagonal range, and use a transparent calculation grid to calculate the area of the removed coating.
Evaluation method
See Table C1 for the evaluation method.
Range of removed coating, %
>10～20
>20～30
>30～40
>40～50
>50～~60
>60～70
>70～~80
D1 Evaluation method
See Table D1 for the evaluation method.
Additional Notes:
GB/T16168—1996
Appendix D
Rust Assessment Method for Inverted “V” Zone
(Supplement)
This standard is proposed by China State Shipbuilding Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Paints and Pigments. Rust Condition
This standard was drafted by Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation and Offshore Oil Development Engineering Design Company of China National Offshore Oil Corporation.
The main drafters of this standard are Jin Xiaohong, Zhu Chengde, Ye Meiqi and Zhang Erru. 851
Method 1: Carry out in accordance with the provisions of GB9286;
Method 2: Clean the coating surface, cut through the coating and draw a 25mm long tangent line, then cut the coating at decreasing intervals of 5.4, 3, 2 and 1mm, the tangent length is 25mm, and score according to the peeling of the coating, as shown in Table 1: Table 1 Adhesion Scoring Table
Tangent Interval
No Peeling
Start of Peeling
Destruction of sharp edges: rust, blistering, cracks, cracking, fading and peeling; location, size and density of bubbles;
Destruction of coating in the water accumulation area of the groove: rust, blistering, cracks, cracking, fading and peeling, destruction of coating in the flat area of the specimen: rust, blistering, cracks, cracking, fading and peeling; powdering and loosening of the coating surface,
Gloss, matte gloss;
Color change.
Inter-coating peeling
7.4 After each destructive inspection, a color photograph or slide of the sample should be taken for comparison. If the color change caused by aging is to be quantitatively evaluated, the method specified in GB11186.3 can be used. 846
GB/T 16168—1996
7.5 A digital system is used to record the test results of the sample. The two scoring systems in Table 2 and Table 3 are recommended. However, the same scoring system should be used for the same batch of samples.
Table 2 Rating table for coating specimens
Rating items
Filiform corrosion and peeling
Adhesion
Bending test
Rust condition in V-shaped area
Other important items
Rating items
Adhesion
Other items
Rating standards and methods
Appendix A (supplement)
Appendix B (supplement)
GB9286
Appendix C (supplement)
Appendix D (supplement)
Rating standards
GB9754
GB 9277. 2
GB 9277. 4
GB 9277. 5
GB1766
GB9286
Table 3 Surface coating rating table
Important factors
(or weighting factors)
Important factors
(or weighting factors)
Weighted score
Weighted score
The weighted score of each rating item is the product of the score of the item and the importance factor (or weighting factor) of the item. 7.5.1
7.5.2 The selection of important factors should be determined before the test. 7.5. 3 The determination of the important factors of each rating item should be determined based on the importance of the item in the entire test plan and the actual application requirements.
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
Product model, name, trademark, batch, production date and manufacturer of the test coating system, coating conditions of the test coating system, see Table 4;847
Coating number
First pass
Second pass
Third pass
Fourth pass
Specimen number;
Specimen preparation time;
Test start time;
Test end time;
Test plan and test conditions;
Test results (records and photos);
Test unit and tester.
GB/T 16168-1996
Coating Condition Table
Coating Name
Coating Thickness
Evaluation Range
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix A
Quantitative Evaluation Method for Filiform Corrosion and Shaving (Supplement)
All coatings that have lost adhesion can be gently removed with a blade to determine the range of blistering, filiform corrosion and peeling of the coating from the edge of the inverted "V" area.
A2 Scoring Method
See Table A1 for the scoring method.
For the size and score of the blister, see Table B1
Appendix B
Evaluation method of blister
(Supplement)
Bound coating range lost, mm
>9～10. 5
>10. 5 ~12
Grade (Table 2 of GB9277.2)
For the number and score of the blister, see Table B2.
Scope of application
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix C
Evaluation method of bending test
(Supplement)
Grade (Table 1 of GB9277.2)
Comparison of bending test is only applicable to the same system, such as inorganic zinc silicate primer to inorganic zinc silicate primer, epoxy to epoxy. Method Overview
Mark the bending test area in the upper left corner of the specimen (see Figure 3), clamp the specimen in a vise, bend it to 90° at the diagonal, and then return it to its original state. Use a blade to gently remove all loose coatings within the 25mm diagonal range, and use a transparent calculation grid to calculate the area of the removed coating.
Evaluation method
See Table C1 for the evaluation method.
Range of removed coating, %
>10～20
>20～30
>30～40
>40～50
>50～~60
>60～70
>70～~80
D1 Evaluation method
See Table D1 for the evaluation method.
Additional Notes:
GB/T16168—1996
Appendix D
Rust Assessment Method for Inverted “V” Zone
(Supplement)
This standard is proposed by China State Shipbuilding Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Paints and Pigments. Rust Condition
This standard was drafted by Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation and Offshore Oil Development Engineering Design Company of China National Offshore Oil Corporation.
The main drafters of this standard are Jin Xiaohong, Zhu Chengde, Ye Meiqi and Zhang Erru. 851
Method 1: Carry out in accordance with the provisions of GB9286;
Method 2: Clean the coating surface, cut through the coating and draw a 25mm long tangent line, then cut the coating at decreasing intervals of 5.4, 3, 2 and 1mm, the tangent length is 25mm, and score according to the peeling of the coating, as shown in Table 1: Table 1 Adhesion Scoring Table
Tangent Interval
No Peeling
Start of Peeling
Destruction of sharp edges: rust, blistering, cracks, cracking, fading and peeling; location, size and density of bubbles;
Destruction of coating in the water accumulation area of the groove: rust, blistering, cracks, cracking, fading and peeling, destruction of coating in the flat area of the specimen: rust, blistering, cracks, cracking, fading and peeling; powdering and loosening of the coating surface,
Gloss, matte gloss;
Color change.
Inter-coating peeling
7.4 After each destructive inspection, a color photograph or slide of the sample should be taken for comparison. If the color change caused by aging is to be quantitatively evaluated, the method specified in GB11186.3 can be used. 846
GB/T 16168—1996
7.5 A digital system is used to record the test results of the sample. The two scoring systems in Table 2 and Table 3 are recommended. However, the same scoring system should be used for the same batch of samples.
Table 2 Rating table for coating specimens
Rating items
Filiform corrosion and peeling
Adhesion
Bending test
Rust condition in V-shaped area
Other important items
Rating items
Adhesion
Other items
Rating standards and methods
Appendix A (supplement)
Appendix B (supplement)
GB9286
Appendix C (supplement)
Appendix D (supplement)
Rating standards
GB9754
GB 9277. 2
GB 9277. 4
GB 9277. 5
GB1766
GB9286
Table 3 Surface coating rating table
Important factors
(or weighting factors)
Important factors
(or weighting factors)
Weighted score
Weighted score
The weighted score of each rating item is the product of the score of the item and the importance factor (or weighting factor) of the item. 7.5.1
7.5.2 The selection of important factors should be determined before the test. 7.5. 3 The determination of the important factors of each rating item should be determined based on the importance of the item in the entire test plan and the actual application requirements.
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
Product model, name, trademark, batch, production date and manufacturer of the test coating system, coating conditions of the test coating system, see Table 4;847
Coating number
First pass
Second pass
Third pass
Fourth pass
Specimen number;
Specimen preparation time;
Test start time;
Test end time;
Test plan and test conditions;
Test results (records and photos);
Test unit and tester.
GB/T 16168-1996
Coating Condition Table
Coating Name
Coating Thickness
Evaluation Range
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix A
Quantitative Evaluation Method for Filiform Corrosion and Shaving (Supplement)
All coatings that have lost adhesion can be gently removed with a blade to determine the range of blistering, filiform corrosion and peeling of the coating from the edge of the inverted "V" area.
A2 Scoring Method
See Table A1 for the scoring method.
For the size and score of the blister, see Table B1
Appendix B
Evaluation method of blister
(Supplement)
Bound coating range lost, mm
>9～10. 5
>10. 5 ~12
Grade (Table 2 of GB9277.2)
For the number and score of the blister, see Table B2.
Scope of application
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix C
Evaluation method of bending test
(Supplement)
Grade (Table 1 of GB9277.2)
Comparison of bending test is only applicable to the same system, such as inorganic zinc silicate primer to inorganic zinc silicate primer, epoxy to epoxy. Method Overview
Mark the bending test area in the upper left corner of the specimen (see Figure 3), clamp the specimen in a vise, bend it to 90° at the diagonal, and then return it to its original state. Use a blade to gently remove all loose coatings within the 25mm diagonal range, and use a transparent calculation grid to calculate the area of the removed coating.
Evaluation method
See Table C1 for the evaluation method.
Range of removed coating, %
>10～20
>20～30
>30～40
>40～50
>50～~60
>60～70
>70～~80
D1 Evaluation method
See Table D1 for the evaluation method.
Additional Notes:
GB/T16168—1996
Appendix D
Rust Assessment Method for Inverted “V” Zone
(Supplement)
This standard is proposed by China State Shipbuilding Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Paints and Pigments. Rust Condition
This standard was drafted by Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation and Offshore Oil Development Engineering Design Company of China National Offshore Oil Corporation.
The main drafters of this standard are Jin Xiaohong, Zhu Chengde, Ye Meiqi and Zhang Erru. 8515.1
7.5.2 The selection of important factors should be determined before the test. 7.5. 3 The determination of the important factors of each rating item should be determined based on the importance of the item in the entire test plan and the actual application requirements.
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
Product model, name, trademark, batch, production date and manufacturer of the test coating system, coating conditions of the test coating system, see Table 4; 847
Coating number
First pass
Second pass
Third pass
Fourth pass
Specimen number;
Specimen preparation time;
Test start time;
Test end time;
Test plan and test conditions;
Test results (records and photos);
Test unit and tester.
GB/T 16168-1996bzxZ.net
Coating Condition Table
Coating Name
Coating Thickness
Evaluation Range
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix A
Quantitative Evaluation Method for Filiform Corrosion and Shaving (Supplement)
All coatings that have lost adhesion can be gently removed with a blade to determine the range of blistering, filiform corrosion and peeling of the coating from the edge of the inverted "V" area.
A2 Scoring Method
See Table A1 for the scoring method.
For the size and score of the blister, see Table B1
Appendix B
Evaluation method of blister
(Supplement)
Bound coating range lost, mm
>9～10. 5
>10. 5 ~12
Grade (Table 2 of GB9277.2)
For the number and score of the blister, see Table B2.
Scope of application
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix C
Evaluation method of bending test
(Supplement)
Grade (Table 1 of GB9277.2)
Comparison of bending test is only applicable to the same system, such as inorganic zinc silicate primer to inorganic zinc silicate primer, epoxy to epoxy. Method Overview
Mark the bending test area in the upper left corner of the specimen (see Figure 3), clamp the specimen in a vise, bend it to 90° at the diagonal, and then return it to its original state. Use a blade to gently remove all loose coatings within the 25mm diagonal range, and use a transparent calculation grid to calculate the area of the removed coating.
Evaluation method
See Table C1 for the evaluation method.
Range of removed coating, %
>10～20
>20～30
>30～40
>40～50
>50～~60
>60～70
>70～~80
D1 Evaluation method
See Table D1 for the evaluation method.
Additional Notes:
GB/T16168—1996
Appendix D
Rust Assessment Method for Inverted “V” Zone
(Supplement)
This standard is proposed by China State Shipbuilding Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Paints and Pigments. Rust Condition
This standard was drafted by Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation and Offshore Oil Development Engineering Design Company of China National Offshore Oil Corporation.
The main drafters of this standard are Jin Xiaohong, Zhu Chengde, Ye Meiqi and Zhang Erru. 8515.1
7.5.2 The selection of important factors should be determined before the test. 7.5. 3 The determination of the important factors of each rating item should be determined based on the importance of the item in the entire test plan and the actual application requirements.
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
Product model, name, trademark, batch, production date and manufacturer of the test coating system, coating conditions of the test coating system, see Table 4; 847
Coating number
First pass
Second pass
Third pass
Fourth pass
Specimen number;
Specimen preparation time;
Test start time;
Test end time;
Test plan and test conditions;
Test results (records and photos);
Test unit and tester.
GB/T 16168-1996
Coating Condition Table
Coating Name
Coating Thickness
Evaluation Range
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix A
Quantitative Evaluation Method for Filiform Corrosion and Shaving (Supplement)
All coatings that have lost adhesion can be gently removed with a blade to determine the range of blistering, filiform corrosion and peeling of the coating from the edge of the inverted "V" area.
A2 Scoring Method
See Table A1 for the scoring method.
For the size and score of the blister, see Table B1
Appendix B
Evaluation method of blister
(Supplement)
Bound coating range lost, mm
>9～10. 5
>10. 5 ~12
Grade (Table 2 of GB9277.2)
For the number and score of the blister, see Table B2.
Scope of application
GB/T16168-1996
Appendix C
Evaluation method of bending test
(Supplement)
Grade (Table 1 of GB9277.2)
Comparison of bending test is only applicable to the same system, such as inorganic zinc silicate primer to inorganic zinc silicate primer, epoxy to epoxy. Method Overview
Mark the bending test area in the upper left corner of the specimen (see Figure 3), clamp the specimen in a vise, bend it to 90° at the diagonal, and then return it to its original state. Use a blade to gently remove all loose coatings within the 25mm diagonal range, and use a transparent calculation grid to calculate the area of the removed coating.
Evaluation method
See Table C1 for the evaluation method.
Range of removed coating, %
>10～20
>20～30
>30～40
>40～50
>50～~60
>60～70
>70～~80
D1 Evaluation method
See Table D1 for the evaluation method.
Additional Notes:
GB/T16168—1996
Appendix D
Rust Assessment Method for Inverted “V” Zone
(Supplement)
This standard is proposed by China State Shipbuilding Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Paints and Pigments. Rust Condition
This standard was drafted by Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation and Offshore Oil Development Engineering Design Company of China National Offshore Oil Corporation.
The main drafters of this standard are Jin Xiaohong, Zhu Chengde, Ye Meiqi and Zhang Erru. 851
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