GB 8410-1994 Combustion characteristics of automotive interior materials
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Flammahility of autonotive interior materials
Flammahility of autonotive interior materials1Subject content and scope of application
GB 8410- 94
Replaces GB841087
This standard specifies the technical requirements and test methods for the horizontal combustion characteristics of interior materials for automotive cabs and passenger compartments. This standard is applicable to the identification of the horizontal combustion characteristics of automotive (sedan, multi-passenger vehicle, truck and bus) interior materials. In view of the many differences between the actual conditions of various automotive interior parts (part application location, layout method, use conditions, ignition source, etc.) and the "test conditions" specified in this standard, this standard is not applicable to the evaluation of all real in-vehicle combustion characteristics of automotive interior materials. 2 Terminology
2.1 Burning velocity
The ratio of the burning distance measured in accordance with the provisions of this standard to the time taken to burn this distance. The unit is mm/min. 2.2 Laminated composite materials
Materials in which several layers of similar or different materials are tightly combined on the surface by sintering, bonding, welding and other methods. 2.3 Single material
A uniform integral material composed of the same material. If different materials are intermittently connected together (for example, by sewing, high-frequency welding, riveting), this material is considered as waste. It is not a laminated composite material, each material is a single material.
2.4 Exposed surface
The side of the part that is assembled in the car and faces the passenger compartment. 2.5 Interior materialsbzxZ.net
Single or laminated composite organic materials used in the parts of the cab and passenger compartment, including: seat cushions, seat backs, seat covers, safety belts, headrests, armrests, movable folding roofs, all decorative linings (including door inner guards, front guards, side guards, rear flip guards, roof linings, etc.), instrument panels, glove boxes, indoor shelf panels (including rear window sills), curtains, floor coverings, sun visors, wheel covers, engine hood covers, and fillers and buffers that absorb collision energy during a collision. 3 Technical requirements
The combustion characteristics of interior materials must meet 3.13. 3.1 of the requirements of 3 does not burn.
3.2 It can burn, but the burning speed is not greater than 100mm/min. The burning speed requirement does not apply to the surface formed by cutting the specimen. 3.3 If the flame extinguishes itself within 60s from the start of the test timing, and the burning distance is not greater than 50mm, it is also considered to meet the burning speed requirement of Article 3.2.
4 Test method
4.1 Principle
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on May 30, 1994 and implemented on January 1, 1995
GB8410—94
The specimen is clamped horizontally on a U-shaped bracket and ignited by a small flame in a combustion box for 15s. The flame ignites at the free end of the specimen. The test determines whether the flame is extinguished, or when it is extinguished, and the specimen The distance of combustion and the time taken to burn the distance. 4.2 Test apparatus and instruments
4.2.1 The combustion box (see Figure 1) is made of steel plate, and its dimensions are shown in Figure 2. A heat-resistant glass observation window is provided at the front of the combustion box, which can cover the front as a whole or be made into a small observation window. There are 10 ventilation holes with a diameter of 19 mm at the bottom of the combustion box, and there are ventilation slots with a width of 13 mm on the four walls near the top. The entire combustion box is supported by 4 10 mm high legs. A small hole for inserting a thermometer is provided at the top of the combustion box. This hole is located at the middle and fast position of the top, and the center is 20 mm away from the inner side of the rear panel.
A closable opening is provided at one end of the combustion box for placing the bracket containing the sample, and a small door is provided at the other end. There is a small hole for passing the gas pipe on the door, supporting the support of the gas lamp and the flame height marking plate. Two horizontal guide rails are passed through the interior of the combustion box from left to right to facilitate the support of the sample bracket. A collection tray for collecting molten dripping is provided at the bottom of the combustion box (see Figure 3). This plate is placed between two rows of ventilation holes without affecting the ventilation of the ventilation holes.
4.2.2 The sample holder is composed of a frame made of two U-shaped corroded metal plates, the dimensions of which are shown in Figure 4. The lower plate of the holder is equipped with 6 pins, and the upper plate is provided with corresponding pin holes to ensure uniform clamping of the sample. The pins also serve as marks for the starting point (first mark) and end point (second mark) of the burning distance. The lower plate of another holder is not only equipped with 6 pins, but also has a heat-resistant metal support wire with a distance of 25m and a wire diameter of 0.25mm (see Figure 5). This type of holder is used in specific circumstances. The bottom surface of the installed sample should be 178mm above the bottom plate of the combustion box. The distance between the front end of the sample holder and the inner surface of the combustion box should be 22mm, and the distance between the two longitudinal outer sides of the test holder and the inner surface of the combustion box should be 50mm (see Figures 2 and 4). 4.2.3 The gas lamp is the fire source for the test, and the inner diameter of the gas lamp nozzle is 9.5mm. When the gas lamp is placed in the combustion box, the center of its nozzle is 19mm below the center of the free end of the sample (see Figure 2). 4.2.4 The calorific value of the combustible gas supplied to the gas lamp test after combustion is about 38MJ/m (such as natural gas, city gas, liquefied gas). 4.2.5 The length of the metal comb is at least 110mm, and there are 7 to 8 smooth round teeth in every 25mm. 4.2.6 The accuracy of the stopwatch used to measure the time is not less than 0.5s. 4.2.7 The range of the thermometer should be above 150℃, with an accuracy of 1℃. 4.2.8 The accuracy of the steel ruler is 1mm.
4.2.9 Ventilation: The combustion box should be placed in a fume hood, the internal volume of the fume hood is 20 to 110 times the volume of the combustion box, and any dimension of the length, width and height of the fume hood shall not exceed 2.5 of any of the other two dimensions. Before the test, measure the vertical velocity of air flowing through the fume hood 100mm before and after the final position of the combustion box. The velocity must be between 0.10 and 0.30m/s.
GB8410—94
Figure 1 Combustion box
1—gas lamp base; 2—gas lamp; 3—sample support rail; 4—flame height mark plate, 5—door; 6—door frame; 7—combustion box body; 8—ventilation slot; 9—thermometer; 10—combustion chamber handle 11—observation window frame; 12—support pin; 13—upper support; 14—sample; 15—lower support; 16—glass observation window; 17—collection tray; 18—support foot 209
GB8410---94
Weire glass
(aα section view)
63.5,63.5
11 63 .5/63.5
(6～Cross-section diagram)
(Bottom view)
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of combustion box dimensions
Figure 3 Collection tray
4.3 Test specimen
4.3.1 Shape and size
100 ±0.2
GB8410--94
254 ±0.2
Test specimen holder
Outer side of holder
Figure 5 Cross-section diagram of lower holder
Length direction
The shape and size of standard test specimens are shown in Figure 6. The thickness of the test specimen is the thickness of the tested part, but not more than 13mm. When comparing the combustion performance of different types of materials, the test specimens must have the same size (length, width, thickness). Usually, when sampling, the test specimens must have the same cross section along the entire length.
If the shape and size of the part are not sufficient to make a standard specimen of the specified size, the following minimum specimen size should be guaranteed, but it should be recorded. a. If the specimen width is between .3 and 60 mm, the length should be at least 356 mm. In this case, the specimen should be made as close to the width of the part as possible:
b. If the specimen width is greater than 60 mm, the length should be at least 138 mm. At this time, the possible burning distance is equivalent to the distance from the first marking line to the flame extinguishing or the distance from the first marking line to the end of the specimen; c. If the width is less than 60 mm and the length is less than 356 mm or the width is greater than 60 mm and the length is less than 138 mm, the specimen cannot be tested according to this standard; specimens with a width of less than 3 mm cannot be tested according to this standard. 211
4.3.2 Sampling
GB8410-94
First marking
Figure 6 Sample
Second marking
At least 5 samples should be taken from the material to be tested. If there are materials with different burning speeds in different directions, samples should be cut in different directions, and 5 (or more) samples should be tested separately in the combustion box to measure the highest burning speed. When the material is supplied in full width, a sample containing the full width and at least 500mm in length should be cut, and the material 100mm from the edge should be cut off, and then the rest of the sample should be evenly sampled at equal distances. If the shape and size of the part meet the sampling requirements, the sample should be cut from the part. If the thickness of the part is greater than 13mm, it should be cut from the non-exposed surface by mechanical methods so that the thickness of the sample including the exposed surface is 13mm. Laminated composite materials should be tested as a single material. If the material is composed of several layers but is not a laminated composite material, all single layers within 13mm thickness from the exposed surface shall be sampled for testing.
4.3.3 Pretreatment
Before the test, the sample shall be stored at a temperature of 23±2℃ and a relative humidity of 45%~~55% for more than 24 hours, and shall be kept until a moment before the test, but not more than 168 hours. 4.4 Test procedure
4.4.1 Take out the pretreated sample, lay the sample with raised or tufted surface flat on a flat table, and use the metal comb specified in 4.2.5 to comb the raised surface twice along the direction of the tufts. 4.4.2 Light the gas lamp with the air inlet of the gas lamp closed, and adjust the flame according to the flame height mark plate so that the flame height is 38mm. Before starting the first test, the flame shall burn stably for at least 1 minute in this state and then go out. Note: The valve structure should be easy to control the flame height and easy to adjust the flame height. 4.4.3 Place the sample with the exposed surface facing downward into the sample holder. Install the sample so that both sides and one end are clamped by the U-shaped holder, and the free end is aligned with the opening of the U-shaped holder. Only when the sample width is insufficient and the U-shaped holder cannot clamp the sample, or when the free end of the sample is soft and easy to bend, which will cause unstable combustion, should the sample be placed on the sample holder with heat-resistant metal wire for combustion test. 4.4.4 Push the sample holder into the combustion box, place the sample in the center of the combustion box, and place it in a horizontal position. Light the gas lamp with the air inlet of the gas lamp closed, and make the flame height 38mm. Let the free end of the sample be in the flame and ignite for 15s, then extinguish the flame (close the gas lamp valve).
4.4.5 The flame burns forward from the free end of the sample, and the timing starts at the moment when the root of the propagating flame passes the first mark. Pay attention to the flame propagation of the faster burning side.
4.4.6 When the flame reaches the second mark or the flame goes out before reaching the second mark, stop timing at the same time. If the flame goes out before reaching the second mark, measure the burning distance from the first mark to the time when the flame goes out. The burning distance refers to the length of the burnt portion of the surface or interior of the specimen. 212
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4.4.7 When conducting a series of tests or repeated tests, ensure that the maximum temperature in the combustion chamber and the specimen support does not exceed 30°C before the next test.
4.5 Calculation
4.5.1 The burning velocity V (mm/min) is calculated as follows: V 60 X (L/T)
Where L is the burning distance, mm;
The time taken to burn the distance L, s.
The maximum value of the burning velocity is the test result. 4.5.2 If the sample is exposed to the flame for 15 seconds, the sample still does not burn after the extinguishing fire source, or the sample can burn but the flame goes out before reaching the first measuring mark, there is no burning time to be counted, and the burning speed is recorded as 0mm/mina5 Test report
The test report should include the following contents:
Material type, part name, source, test date, tester: sample color, number;
Material composition;
Sample size, thickness of each layer of laminated composite material. Direction of the sample in the product: number of samples;
Test results: burning distance, burning time, burning speed. Whether the combustion characteristic value meets the standard requirements; whether to use a support line;
Record of test conditions different from those specified in this standard. Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by China National Automotive Industry Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Automobile Standardization. This standard was drafted by Changchun Automobile Research Institute. The main drafter of this standard is Liu Mingjue.
The original industry standard ZBT09001-89 shall be abolished from the date of entry into force of this standard. 213
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