This standard specifies the inspection method for the printing quality of commodity barcode symbols. This standard applies to the quality inspection of printed commodity barcode symbols. GB/T 18348-2001 Inspection of the printing quality of commodity barcode symbols GB/T18348-2001 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the inspection method for the printing quality of commodity barcode symbols. This standard applies to the quality inspection of printed commodity barcode symbols.

ICS35.040
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T18348---2001
Verification of print quality of bar code for commodity (ISO/IEC15416:2000, Information technology---Automatic identification and data capture techniques—Bar code print quality test specification-Linear symbols, NEQ) Issued on April 9, 2001
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on October 1, 2001
GB/T 18348-2001
This standard refers to the international standard IS0/IEC15416:2000 "Automatic Identification and Data Collection Technology: Bar Code Symbol Printing Quality Inspection
Standardized Linear Symbols" and "EAN·UCC General Specification" (2000 Edition), and formulates the inspection method for the printing quality of commodity bar code symbols in combination with the actual situation in my country.
The inspection method for the decoding correctness, optical characteristics and decodability of bar code symbols specified in this standard and the method for determining the symbol level are consistent with the provisions in ISO/IEC15416:2000. In accordance with the requirements of the "EAN·UCC General Specification" (2000 Edition) for the minimum quality level of commodity bar code symbols, this standard stipulates the requirements for the measurement of the light hole diameter and the measurement of the light wavelength of the detection instrument, which is inconsistent with the provisions of IS0/IEC15416:2000 in this regard. In addition, considering the characteristics of commodity bar code symbol quality inspection, this standard stipulates the use of traditional methods for the inspection of blank area width, magnification factor, bar height, and printing position. This standard lists the traditional detection methods of bar/space reflectivity, printing contrast and bar/space size deviation as reference methods, and specifies their applicable scope to adapt to the situation that traditional inspection methods are still widely used in my country before the drawing. This standard is the supporting inspection standard of the national standard GB12904 "Commodity Barcode". This standard sets the inspection items according to the technical requirements specified in GB12904, and determines the determination method of the quality of commodity barcode symbols according to the relevant provisions of G1312904. Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix, and Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix I) are informative appendices. This standard was proposed and coordinated by the China Article Coding Center. The drafting unit of this standard: China Article Coding Center. The main drafters of this standard: Xiong Liyong, Luo Qiuke, Liu Wei. 172
1 Scope
Inspection of the printing quality of commodity barcode symbols
This standard specifies the inspection method for the printing quality of commodity barcode symbols. This standard applies to the quality inspection of printed commodity barcode symbols. 2 Normative references
GB/T18348--2001
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all referenced documents with dates, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether to use the latest versions of these documents. For all undated referenced documents, the latest versions are applicable to this standard. GB/T2828 Sampling procedures and sampling tables for batch inspection (applicable to inspection of continuous batches) GB/T 2829
GB 12904
Sampling procedures and sampling tables for periodic inspection (applicable to inspection of stability of production process) Commodity barcode
GB/T 12905
GB/T 13262
GB/T 14257
GB/T 14437
GB/T 15482
Barcode terminology
Standard single sampling inspection procedures and sampling tables for counting of defective product rate General commodity barcode symbol position
Product quality supervision single sampling inspection procedures and sampling plans for counting of small populations for product quality supervision Single sampling inspection procedures and sampling tables for counting of small populations 5 Product quality supervision review procedures and sampling plans GB/T 16306
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions established in GB12904 and GB/T12905 and the following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
Sampling area
sample area
The effective area of ​​the measured bar code symbol in the field of view of the measuring instrument. 3.2
measuring aperture
The effective opening in the measuring instrument that determines the sampling area of ​​the measured bar code symbol. 3.3
Scanning path scanpath
The path taken by the center of the field of view of the measuring instrument to move across the bar code symbol. 3.4
Scan reflectance profile scan reflectance profile The relationship between reflectance and linear distance along the scanning path, see Figure 1. Note: Rewrite GB/T12905-2000.6.1.12. 3.5
global threshold
The reflectivity limit value equal to half of the sum of the highest reflectivity and the lowest reflectivity, used to distinguish bars and cells on the scanned reflectivity curve.
GB/T 18348---2001
peak
The point with relatively high reflectivity on the scanned reflectivity curve, the reflectivity of the points on both sides of this point is lower than that of this point. 100
Reflectivity
Blank area reflectivity
Valley
1st edge
Minimum edge contrast
(ECmin)
(At the 4th edge)
Maximum unit reflectivity non-uniformity
(ERNmx)
(Defect feature, at the 7th unit)
Figure 1 Scanning reflectivity curve
Blank area
Overall value line
Minimum reflectivity
(Rmin)
Linear distance
A point on the scanned reflectivity curve with relatively low reflectivity, the reflectivity of the points on both sides of this point is higher than the reflectivity of this point. 3.8
Symbol contrast
The difference between the highest reflectivity and the lowest reflectivity of the scanned reflectivity curve. [GB/12905--2000,6.1.22]
Edge contrast
The difference between the empty reflectivity and the strip reflectivity of two adjacent units (including blank areas). Note: Rewrite GB/T129052000,6.1.27. 3.10
Minimum edge contrastECmin
The minimum value of all edge contrasts in the scanned reflectivity curve. [GB/T12905—2000,6.1.28]]
Modulation ratio
modulation
The ratio of the minimum edge contrast to the symbol contrast. [GB/T 12905—2000.6.1.31]
Element reflectance non-uniformity
F element reflectance non-uniformityERN
GB/T 18348--2001
The difference between the highest peak reflectivity and the lowest valley reflectivity in a unit (including blank area) on the scanning reflectivity curve. Note: Rewrite (B/T 12905-2000.6.1.233.13
maximum element reflectance non-uniformity
ERNinA
The maximum value of all element reflectance non-uniformities in the scanned reflectance curve. 『GB/T12905-..2000,6.1.24]
defects
The ratio of the maximum element reflectance non-uniformity to the symbol contrast. 3.15
reference threshold
In order to distinguish different elements or element combinations, refer to the size limit value specified by the decoding algorithm. 3.16
deviation of bar code dimensionThe difference between the actual size of each part of the bar code symbol and the corresponding nominal size. 3.17
decodability
The ratio of the available tolerance of the unit or unit combination whose size deviates the most from its nominal size, that is, the interval between the nominal size value of the unit or unit combination and the corresponding reference threshold, which is not used by the size deviation of the unit or unit combination. Note: Rewrite GB/T12905--2000.6.1.21. 3.18
compositive characteristic of bar codeComprehensive characteristic of bar code symbol
The sum of decoding correctness, optical characteristics and decodability of bar code symbol. 3.19
X dimensionX dimension
Nominal size of narrow unit of bar code symbol.
［GB/T12905—2000,2.26]
Z dimensionZdimension
The average value of the actual size of the narrow unit of the barcode symbol. [GB/T 12905—2000,2.27]
e dimensione-dimension
The distance between two corresponding adjacent left or right edges in the commodity barcode symbol. 175
GB/T 18348 --2001
4 Sampling
In the inspection of commodity bar code printing quality, appropriate sampling plans should be formulated according to the inspection categories and applicable sampling standards: a) For continuous batches of purchase inspections with several manufacturers to choose from and factory inspections with certain users, GB/T2828 is used to determine the sampling plan;
b) For purchase inspections of isolated batches, GB/T13262 is used to determine the sampling plan; () For acceptance inspections by both parties of supply and demand, in the presence of positive quality assurance If there is a sampling plan stipulated in the certification procedure or bilateral agreement, sampling shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions; d) For the inspection of the stability of the production process, GB/T2829 shall be used to determine the sampling plan;) For the occasions where the total amount of commodity barcode quality supervision and inspection is large, (GB/T14437 shall be used to determine the sampling plan; f) For the occasions where the total amount of commodity barcode quality supervision and inspection is small, GB/T15482 shall be used to determine the sampling plan;) For the commodity barcode quality supervision review, GB/T16306 shall be used to determine the sampling plan. 5 Testing conditions
5.1 Environmental conditions
5.1.1 Temperature and humidity
The temperature of the inspection room is 20C±5C, and the relative humidity is 35%～65%. 5. 1. 2 Lighting
D65 simulation body (color temperature 5500K～6500K), top light lighting, illuminance 5001x～15001x. 5.2 Testing Equipment
5.2.1 Comprehensive Characteristics Measuring Instrument
The comprehensive characteristics measuring instrument shall be capable of measuring the reflectivity of barcode symbols, providing a graph of the scanned reflectivity curve, or providing the comprehensive characteristics data of barcode symbols based on the analysis of the scanned reflectivity curve. The measurement adopts monochromatic light. The wavelength of the measuring light, the measuring aperture and the measuring optical path shall comply with the provisions of 5.2.1.1, 5.2.1.2 and 5.2.1.3 respectively. 5.2.1.1 Measuring Light Wavelength
The peak wavelength of the measuring light is 670nm±10nm. 5.2.1.2 Measuring Aperture
The nominal diameter of the measuring aperture is 0.15mm, and the aperture number is 06 (the aperture number is the length value in thousandths of an inch close to the diameter of the measuring aperture).
5.2.1.3 Measuring Optical Path
The measuring optical path is shown in Figure 2. The optical axis of the incident light path should be 45° to the normal of the measuring surface and be in a plane perpendicular to the measuring surface and parallel to the bars of the barcode symbol. The optical axis of the reflected light collection path should be perpendicular to the measuring surface, and the reflected light collection should be within a cone with a vertex angle of 15°, a central axis perpendicular to the measuring surface and passing through the center of the measuring aperture. 5.2.1.4 Reference standard for reflectivity
Use magnesium oxide (Mg()) or barium sulfate (BaS(),) as the reference standard for 100% reflectivity. 5.2.2 Length measuring instrument
5.2.2.1 Blank area width measuring instrument
Length measuring instrument with a minimum graduation value not greater than 0.1mm. 5.2.2.2 Magnification factor, bar height measuring instrument with a minimum graduation value not greater than 0.5mm steel ruler. 5.3 Sample to be inspected
The barcode symbol to be inspected should be inspected as much as possible in the designed scanning state. Physical packaging samples that cannot be tested in the form of physical packaging, as well as samples of barcode symbols on labels, label papers, and packaging materials, should be properly processed to make the samples flat and of a size suitable for testing. Ⅱ Adequate fixed dimensions should be reserved around the barcode symbol. 176
GB/T18348-2001
1·Light sensor; 2 Measurement aperture when the magnification is 1:1 (distance A = distance B); 3 Light bar; 4 Sample to be tested; 5-Light source Figure 2 Schematic diagram of measurement light path
6 Test items
Decoding correctness
6.2 Optical properties
6.2.1 Minimum reflectivity
6.2.2 Symbol contrast
6.2.3 Edge contrast
6.2.4 Modulation ratio
6.2.5 Defects
6.3 Decodability
Barcode symbol consistency
Blank area width
Magnification factor
6.7 Bar height
Printing position
7 Inspection method
General requirements
7.1.1 Inspection band
The inspection band is the area above the bottom edge of the barcode character bar of the commodity barcode symbol, between 10% and 90% of the barcode character bar height (see Figure 3).
GB/T 18348--2001
The barcode symbol should be inspected for the items listed in 6.1 to 6.6 within the inspection band. Barcode character bar bottom edge
Above, 90% of the bar value
Barcode character bar bottom edge
Above, 10% of the bar height
Blank area
61190123415678921
Figure 3 Detection zone
Scanning path
Barcode character
Bar bottom edge
7.1.2 Number of scan measurements
For each barcode symbol to be tested, when testing the items listed in 6.1 to 6.4, a scan measurement should be performed at each of 10 different bar height positions, for a total of 10 scan measurements. The scanning path of the 10 scans should be as perpendicular to the bar height direction as possible and maintain equal spacing. In certain circumstances, the number of scan measurements for each barcode symbol can be appropriately reduced, see Appendix C. 7.2 Scanning measurement
Use a measuring instrument that complies with the provisions of 5.2.1 and the requirements of 7.1 to scan and measure the barcode symbol and obtain the scanning reflectivity curve. 7.3 Determination of unit edge
The position of the unit edge is at the point on the scanning reflectivity curve where the middle value of the blank and bar reflectivity of the adjacent units (including blank areas) is (R. + R.)/2.
7.4 Decoding correctness
Based on the measured scanning reflectivity curve, determine the edge of each unit according to the unit edge determination method specified in 7.3. Decode the barcode symbol using the reference decoding algorithm in Appendix F of GB12904. Check whether the decoding result is consistent with the digital code identified by the barcode symbol. If it is consistent, the decoding is correct, and if it is inconsistent, the decoding is wrong. If the decoding is correct, the decoding correctness level of the scanning reflectivity curve is set to level 4, and if the decoding is wrong or cannot be decoded, it is set to level 0. 7.5 Optical properties
7.5.1 Minimum reflectivity
Find the minimum reflectivity (Rmin) and the maximum reflectivity (Rmax) of the scanned reflectivity curve. Calculate the value of Rmin/Rmax. 7.5.2 Sign contrast
The sign contrast (SC) of each scanned reflectivity curve is calculated according to formula (1): SC = Rmu - Rmn
7.5.3 Edge contrast
The edge contrast (EC) is calculated according to formula (2):
Where:
EC = R, — RhbzxZ.net
Reflectivity of the adjacent unit (including blank area); R
R. Reflectivity of the adjacent unit strip.
GB/T 18348—2001
Take the minimum value of all edge contrasts in each measurement as the minimum edge contrast (E(min)) of the scanned reflectivity line for that measurement. 7.5.4 Modulation ratio
The modulation ratio (MOD) of each measured scanned reflectivity curve is calculated according to formula (3): MOD - ECmin/SC
Where:
ECmin—minimum edge contrast;
sign contrast.
7.5.5 Defectivity
·(3)
Calculate the difference between the highest peak reflectivity and the lowest valley reflectivity in each unit (including blank area) of each measured scanned reflectivity curve, that is, the unit reflectivity non-uniformity (ERN). If there is no peak in the strip unit, no valley in the empty unit and no valley in the blank area, its ERN is 0. Take the maximum value of all ERNs as the maximum unit reflectivity non-uniformity (ERNmax) of the scanned reflectivity curve of this measurement. The defect (Dcfects) of each scan reflectivity curve is calculated according to formula (4): Defects -
Wherein:
ERNmax
Maximum unit reflectivity non-uniformity;
SC---sign contrast.
Determination of the level of optical characteristic parameters
ERNmax
The determination of the level of optical characteristic parameters is shown in Table 1. According to the value, the sign contrast, modulation ratio and defect can be set to 4 to 0 levels, and the minimum reflectivity and minimum edge contrast can be set to 4 or 0 levels. Table 1
Determination of the level of optical characteristic parameters
Minimum reflectivity
（Rmin）
:≤0.5Rmak
7.6 Decodability
Symbol contrast (SC)
SC≥70%
55%≤SC<70%
40%≤SC<55%
20%≤SC<40%
SC<20%
Minimum edge contrast
（ECmin）
≥15%
7.6.1 Determination of the relative values ​​of the sizes of the relevant parts of the bar code symbol Modulation ratio (MOD)
MOD≥0.70
0.60≤MOD<0.70
0. 50≤MOD<0. 60
0. 40≤MOD<0.50
Defects
Defects s0. 15
0. 15
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