Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Wrought copper and copper alloys-Drawn rods and bars
GB 4423--92
GB 4123--4426
Replaces B4429--4433
This standard refers to and adopts the international standard ISO1637-87 "Processing copper and copper alloy bars-Technical delivery conditions".
Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the classification, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules and marking, packaging, transportation and storage of copper and copper alloy drawn rods. This standard applies to round, square and hexagonal copper and copper alloy drawn rods. Reference standards
GB3310
GB5121
GB5122
GB5231
GB5232
GB 5233
GB5234
GB6397
GB6520
GB8002
GB8550
GB 8888
Metal tensile test method
Metal Brinell hardness test method
Ultrasonic flaw detection method for copper alloy bars
Chemical analysis method for copper
Chemical analysis method for brass
Chemical composition and product shape of processed copper
Processing brass
Processing bronze
Processing nickel copper
Chemical composition and product shape
Chemical composition and product shape
Chemical composition and product shape
Metal tensile test specimen
Chemical analysis method for silicon bronze and silicon brass
Chemical analysis method for tin bronze
Chemical analysis method for nickel copper
Packaging, marking, transportation and storage of processed heavy non-ferrous metal productsGB 10567
YB 599
YB 732
Test method for residual stress of brass wire and rodAmmonia fumigationStandard method for chemical analysis of aluminium bronze
Chemical analysis method of cadmium bronze
Chemical analysis method of bronze
Metallographic test method for oxygen content of oxygen-free copper for vacuum devicesFixed fracture test method for copper, nickel and their alloy pipes and rods3 Product classification
3.1 Brand, state and specification
3.1.1 The brand, state and specification of the product shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. Approved by the State Bureau of Technical Supervision on November 5, 1992, and implemented on June 1, 1993
GB 4423---92
T2, T3, TP2, H96, TU1, TU2
H62, HPh59-1
H63, HPb63-0. 1
HPb63-3
HFe59-1-1.HFe58-1-1.HSn62-1, HMn58-2QSn6.5-0.1, QSn6.5-0.4.QSn4-3.QSn4-0.3QSi3-1.QAI9-2.QA19-4.QA110-3-1. 5QSn7-0. 2
BZn15-20
BZn15-24-1. 5
BFe30-1-1
BMn40-1.5
Note: The diameter of square bars and hexagonal bars refers to the diameter of the inscribed circle or the distance between two parallel surfaces. 3.1.2 The length of bars is as follows: diameter 5~～18mm, supply length 1.2~5m; diameter greater than 18~50mm, supply length 1~5m; diameter greater than 50~80mm, supply length 0.5~5m. Status
Hard(Y)
Soft(M)
Hard(Y)
Soft(M)
Half(Y2)
Soft(M)
Halfhard(Y2)
Halfhard(Y2)
Hard(Y)
Halfhard(Y2)
Hard(Y)
Hard(Y)
Hard(Y)
Extrahard(T)
Hard(Y)
Soft(M)
Hard(Y)
Soft(M)
Hard (Y)
soft(M)
extra hard(T)
hard(Y)
soft(M）
hard(Y)
soft(M)
hard(Y)
Note: With the agreement of both parties, bars with a diameter equal to and 10mm less can be supplied in coils (rolls), and their length shall not be less than 4m straight
5～60
3.1.3 Fixed length or multiple length shall be within the range of indefinite length and shall be indicated in the contract, otherwise it shall be supplied in indefinite length. 3.1.4 With the agreement of both parties, bars of other specifications may be supplied. 3.1.5 Bars are divided into high-grade, relatively high-grade and ordinary grades according to their dimensional accuracy. 3.2 Marking examples
GB4423-92
The true diameter of a round bar is indicated by ""; the inscribed circle diameter of a square bar is indicated by "a\"; the inscribed circle diameter of a hexagonal bar is indicated by "5". For example: a semi-hard, ordinary-grade round bar made of H62 alloy with a diameter of 30 mm is marked as: a.
Bar H62Y2Φ30GB4423---92
b, a semi-hard, relatively high-grade hexagonal bar made of HPb59-1 alloy with an inscribed circle diameter of 30 mm is marked as: Bar HPb59-1Y2S30GB4423-92
a square bar made of T2 with a soft, high-grade inscribed circle diameter of 30 mm , marked as: c
Rod T2M high a30GB4423—92
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Chemical composition
The chemical composition of the rod shall comply with the provisions of the corresponding alloy brands in GB5231, GB5232, GB5233 and GB5234 standards. 4.2 Size tolerance
4.2.1 The diameter tolerance of the rod shall comply with the provisions of Table 2. Table 2
10～18
18～30
>30~50
50~～80
Preferred size
6.5,7,7.5,88.5,9,9.5.10
11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18| |tt||19,20,21,22,23,24.25.26,27.28.29,3032,34,35,36,38,40,42,44,45,46,48,5052,54,55,56,58,60,65,70,75,804.2.1.1 Other allowable deviations can be provided by agreement between the two parties. High-grade
Allowable deviation of diameter
High-grade
4.2.1.2 The allowable deviation level of bar diameter should be indicated in the contract, otherwise it shall be supplied according to the ordinary grade accuracy. 4.2.1.3 If positive or negative deviation is required, the deviation value shall be half of the value in the table. Imn
Ordinary grade
4.2.2 The allowable deviation of the fixed length or multiple length of the bar is +2 0mm. The multiple length should include the sawing amount when sawing segments, and the sawing amount per segment is 5mm.
4.2.3 The curvature of the bar (except for bars in a soft state) shall comply with the provisions of Table 3. Table 3
Curvature per meter length
Not more than
>18~20
Note: After agreement between the supply and demand parties, the curvature of bars for automatic vehicles shall not exceed 1.5mm per meter length. 4.2.4 The out-of-roundness of the bar shall not exceed half of the allowable deviation of the round bar diameter. 4.2.5 The twist of square bars and hexagonal bars shall comply with the provisions of Table 4 (see Figures 1 and 2). Table 4
Diameter a(s)
Twist per meter√
Square and hexagonal bars
Not more than
Measurement platform
GB 4423-92
Note: () Square and hexagonal bars of other specifications should not have obvious twisting. ②) The supplier may not inspect this item, but must guarantee it. 2
5 The ends of the bars should be sawn flat, with slight burrs allowed. The end faces of the broken bars can be retained after inspection. 4.2.6
The ends of bars with a diameter of less than 20nm are allowed to have punching and shearing marks.
4.2.7 The cross-sectional corners of square bars and hexagonal bars are allowed to have rounded corners, and the maximum rounded corner radius (r) should not exceed the provisions of Table 5 Table 5
Bar diameter
Rounded corner radius
Note: The supplier may not inspect this item, but must guarantee it. 4.3 Mechanical properties
>6～10
≥10～18
≥18～30
The longitudinal room temperature tensile test and Brinell hardness test results of the bar shall comply with the requirements of Table 6. Table 6
Tensile strength%
TU1,TU2,TP2
Hard (Y)
Soft (M)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Soft (M)
Hard (Y)
Soft (M)
Diameter or distance across flats
40～60
5～80
260～~80
Not less than
30~ 50
Elongation, %
Brand No.
HPb59-1
HPb63-0.1
HPb63-3
HSn62-1
IEMn58-2
HFe58-1-1
HFe59 1-1
QA19 2
QA19-4
QA110-31.5
QSi3-1
Semi-hard (Y2)
Soft (M)
Hard (Y)
Soft (M)
Semi-hard (Y2)
Semi-hard (Y2)
Hard (Y)
Semi-hard (Y2)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
GB 442392
Continued Table 6
Tensile strength
Diameter or distance across flats
12～40
5～40
720~40
>40~80
5～20
>20~-40
>15～20
220~30
5～20
220～60
>40～60
5～12| |tt||>12～40
2~40～60
≥4060
12～40
≥40~60
5～12
12~~40
Elongation, road
not less than
QSn6.5-0.1
QSn6.5-0.4
QSn4-3
37n15-20
BZn15-24-1. 5
BFe30-1-1
RMn40-1.5
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Extra hard (T)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Hard (Y)
Soft (M)
Hard (Y)
Soft (M)
Hard (Y)
Soft (M)
Extra hard (T)
Hard (Y)
Soft (M)
Hard (Y)
Soft (M)
Hard (Y)
GB4423-92
Continued Table 6
Tsile strength.
Diameter or distance across flatswwW.bzxz.Net
5 ～ 12
> 12~ 25
>25~~40
12·-25
12～25
>25～35
>35~40
5～40
5～12
>12～25
25～40
7～20
>20～30
>30～40
Note: Hardness test is not performed on bars with diameter D less than 10mm. ② If both elongation index and are used, the arbitration shall prevail. 4.4 Oxygen content
Not less than
Elongation,
The oxygen content of oxygen-free copper bars shall be in accordance with the provisions of YB731, and shall be qualified if it meets the standard 1, 2, and 3. 4.5 Internal quality
The bar II should be dense and without shrinkage. It is not allowed to have defects such as pores, delamination, and impurities beyond the provisions of YB732. 4.6 Internal stress
GB 4423--92
Except H96, semi-hard, hard and extra-hard brass, tin bronze, silicon bronze and zinc white copper bars should be treated to eliminate internal stress. 4.7 Surface quality
4.7.1 The surface of the bar should be smooth and clean. It is not allowed to have defects such as cracks, peeling, bubbles, inclusions and hand-feeling ring marks. 4.7.2 The surface of the bar is allowed to have local scratches, pits, spots and impurities that do not make the bar diameter exceed the allowable deviation. Slight straightening marks, fine scratches, oxidation color, darkening, water marks, and oil marks are not used as the basis for scrapping. 5 Test methods
5.1 Chemical composition arbitration analysis method
The chemical composition arbitration analysis method of the bar shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB5121, GB5122, GB6520.GB8002, GB8550, YB55, YB598 and YB599
5.2 Mechanical properties test method
5.2.1 The room temperature tensile test method of the bar shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB228. The tensile test specimens shall be selected from R3~R7 (R03～R07) specimens in accordance with the provisions of GB6397.
5.2.2 The Brinell hardness test of the bar shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of (GB231. 5.3 Oxygen content test method
The oxygen content test of oxygen-free copper rods shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of YB731. 5.4 Internal quality test method
5.4.1 The fracture test of the bar shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of YB732, or the internal quality of the bar may be tested in accordance with the provisions of GB3310. 5.4.2 The internal quality test of cadmium bronze rods shall be carried out by the following low-power test method: the cross section of the bar sample shall be turned flat first, polished with fine sandpaper, etched with 1:1 nitric acid aqueous solution for 10 to 30 seconds, taken out and rinsed with water, and then observed under a 5 to 10 times magnifying glass. Cadmium bronze rods can also be tested by fracture test or ultrasonic flaw detection instead of low power. times inspection, but the low-magnification inspection method shall prevail during arbitration. 5.5 Internal stress inspection method
5.5.1 The internal stress inspection of brass rods shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB10567. 5.5.2 The internal stress of copper alloy rods such as tin bronze, silicon bronze, and zinc white copper can be inspected by the mercurous nitrate method. Test method: Immerse a 150mm long sample in a mercurous nitrate solution for 5 to 10 minutes, then observe with a 5 to 10 times magnifying glass. There should be no cracks.
Solution formula: 114g mercurous nitrate, 13ml nitric acid (density 1.42g/cm3). 1000mL distilled water. 5.6 Dimension measurement method
The external dimensions of the rods shall be measured with measuring tools of corresponding accuracy. 5.7 Surface quality inspection method| |tt||The surface quality of the bars shall be inspected visually. 6 Inspection rules
6.1 Inspection and acceptance
6.1.1 The bars shall be inspected by the supplier’s technical supervision department to ensure that the product quality complies with the provisions of this standard, and a quality certificate shall be filled in. 6.1.2 The purchaser shall inspect the received products in accordance with the provisions of this standard. If the inspection results do not comply with the provisions of this standard, the purchaser shall submit the matter to the supplier within three months from the date of receipt of the product, and the matter shall be resolved through negotiation between the supply and demand parties. 6.2 Batches
Bars shall be submitted for inspection in batches, and each batch shall consist of the same brand, state and specification. The weight of each batch shall not exceed 2000kg. 6.3 Inspection items
6.3.1 Batches of bars shall be inspected for chemical composition, external dimensions 6.3.2 For bars with mechanical property requirements in Table 6, each batch shall be tested for mechanical properties. 6.3.3 For oxygen-free copper bars, each batch shall be tested for oxygen content. GB4423-92
6.3.4 No fracture test is performed on T2, T3, TP2, TU1, TU2, H96 and QCrO.5 bars, and low-power test is performed on QCd1 bars. Other alloy bars must be tested for internal quality by fracture test or ultrasonic flaw detection. 6.3.5 For bars that eliminate internal stress as specified in Article 4.6, the supplier may not test them, but they must ensure it. If the purchaser requires internal stress test, it shall be carried out in accordance with Article 5.5.
6.4 Sampling quantity and sampling location
6.4.1 Chemical composition sampling: the supplier shall take one sample from each furnace, and the buyer shall take one sample from each batch of bars. For oxygen-free copper bars with a batch size below 100kg, two bars shall be taken; for bars with a batch size greater than 100kg, four bars shall be taken. One sample shall be taken from each bar to test the oxygen content. 6.4.2 Each batch of bars shall be measured for external dimensions and surface quality inspection. 6.4.3 Tensile test shall be conducted by taking two bars from each batch of bars at random, and one sample shall be taken from each bar at random. Tensile test specimens shall be machined according to the following provisions based on the degree of proximity between the bar sample and the diameter of each sample: diameters not greater than 10mm may not be machined; if conditions permit, diameters greater than 10mm may not be machined. a.
For diameters greater than 10~~35mm, machine with the center of the cross section of the bar as the center of the circle. b.
For diameters greater than 35~~40mm, machine within the semicircular area. c.
For diameters greater than 40mm, the rod shall be machined in the sector area formed by two perpendicular radii on the cross section of the rod. 5. d.
6.4.4 Hardness test specimens shall be sampled in accordance with 6.4.3. The hardness test shall be conducted on the center line of the longitudinal section of the rod, and the section size shall be appropriate to meet the test requirements.
6.4.5 The fracture inspection of the rod shall be conducted by randomly selecting two rods from each batch of rods and performing fracture inspection at one end of the rod. Ultrasonic flaw detection shall be conducted on each rod. 6.4.6 The sampling regulations for low-power inspection of cadmium bronze rods are as follows: For diameters not greater than 15mm, 10 rods shall be taken, and a sample shall be taken at each end. For diameters greater than 15mm, 5 rods shall be taken, and a sample shall be taken at each end. 6.4.7 The number of samples for internal stress inspection is the same as that of 6.4.3. 6.5 Repeated test
Even if only one sample fails the test result, double the number of samples should be taken from the batch to retest the unqualified item. If the retest result still shows that one sample fails, the whole batch shall be scrapped or inspected one by one, and the qualified ones shall be accepted in a separate batch. 7 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage
The marking, packaging, transportation and storage of bars shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB8888. Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. This standard was drafted by Shenyang Nonferrous Metals Processing Plant. The main drafter of this standard is Tan Zhongcheng.
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