TJ (I) 231-75 Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering Construction and Acceptance Specifications Volume 1 General Provisions TJ231-75 (I)
Some standard content:
Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering Construction and Acceptance Code TJ231 Volume 5 Compressor, Fan, Pump, Air Separation Equipment Installation List
Part 1
Compressor Installation
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Part 2
General Provisions
Integrally Installed Compressors
Reciprocating Compressors Assembled on Site Plug compressor
Accessory equipment
Test run
Non-lubricated compressor
Screw compressor assembled on site
Fan installation
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
General provisions
Centrifugal fan
Axial flow fan
Roots and vane blowers
Centrifugal fan Centrifugal pumps and compressors
Test run
Pump installation
Part III
Chapter I
General provisions
Chapter II
Chapter III
Chapter IV
Chapter V
Chapter VI
Chapter VII
Chapter VIII
Part IV
Centrifugal pumps
Deep well pumps
Small axial flow pumps
Reciprocating pumps
Three screw Rod pump
Water ring vacuum pump
Vortex pump and medium and small mixed flow pump
Installation of air separation equipment
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
General provisions
Integrally installed distillation tower
On-site assembled distillation tower
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Chapter 4
Section 5 Chapter
Chapter 6
Overall pressure test
Overall cold test
Filling insulation materials
Rare gas extraction and separation equipment
Other equipment
Machine installation
Section 1
Section 2bzxz.net
Section 3
Turbine expander
Piston expander
Centrifugal cryogenic liquefied gas pump
Section 4
Section 5
Section Chapter 7
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
Appendix 4
Appendix 5
Appendix 6
Plunger type cryogenic liquefied gas pump
Regenerative refrigerator
Trial operation
Performance of commonly used adsorbents
Stone packing for cold storage
Common insulation materials
Common nonferrous metal welding wire (solder)
Activation conditions of commonly used adsorbents and catalysts Explanation of the terms used in this specification for the degree of strictness Reference materials Pipeline configuration principles
Editor: The First Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China Approval: The State Capital Construction Commission of the People's Republic of China Trial date: December 1, 1978
(78) Jianfa Shizi No. 240
The "Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering Construction and Acceptance Specifications" Volume 2 "Metal Cutting Machine Tool Installation" revised by the First Ministry of Machinery Industry and relevant units, numbered TJ231 (II)-78: The third volume, "Installation of Mechanical Presses, Air Hammers, Hydraulic Presses, and Casting Equipment", is numbered TJ231 (III)-78; the fourth volume, "Installation of Hoisting Equipment, Elevators, and Continuous Transportation Equipment", is numbered TJ231 (IV)-78; the fifth volume, "Installation of Compressors, Fans, Pumps, and Air Separation Equipment", is numbered TJ231 (V)-78; the sixth volume, "Installation of Crushing and Grinding Equipment, Hoists, Stationary Diesel Engines, and Industrial Boilers", is numbered TJ231 (VI)-78, which have been reviewed and finalized by the relevant departments. It is now approved and issued as a national general construction and acceptance specification, and will be implemented on a trial basis from December 1, 1978. Please inform the First Ministry of Machinery Industry Design Institute or the responsible interpretation units of your experience and opinions during the trial implementation at any time for reference in future supplements and revisions. State Capital Construction Committee
June 17, 1978
Revision Notes
According to the arrangement of the State Construction Committee (72) Construction Implementation No. 135, our department organized the revision of the "Specifications for Construction and Acceptance of Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering GBJ2-63". This revision was approved by the State Construction Committee and was published in separate volumes. During the revision process, we summarized the experience of design, manufacturing, construction and use over the past decade, and widely solicited opinions from relevant units across the country. Finally, we held a review meeting to review and finalize the draft together with relevant departments. With the vigorous development of my country's socialist revolution and construction, and the continuous innovation and creation of the masses, new technologies, new processes and new materials for mechanical equipment and their installation will continue to emerge. It is hoped that all units and the masses will put forward amendments and supplementary opinions during the trial implementation, and send relevant materials and opinions to our department or the units responsible for interpretation so that further supplementation and revision will be made in the future. The units responsible for interpreting each volume (section) of this specification are as follows: "Air Separation Equipment"
-Hangzhou Oxygen Generator Research Institute
"Stationary Diesel Engine"-Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Research Institute "Industrial Boiler"
Shanghai Industrial Boiler Research Institute
"Winches",
"Crushing and Grinding Equipment"
"Hydraulic Press"
Luoyang Mining Machinery Research Institute
Xi'an Heavy Machinery Research Institute
"Mechanical Press",
"Air Hammer"-Jinan Foundry and Forging Machinery Research Institute "Casting Equipment",
"Starting Heavy Equipment》,
"Continuous Transportation Equipment", "Elevator"
Beijing Hoisting and Conveying Machinery Research Institute
"Gas Compressor", "Fan", "Pump"-Hefei General Machinery Research Institute-Shanghai Tongji University
"Metal Cutting Machine Tools"
First Ministry of Machinery Industry
October 20, 1977
Part I
Compressor Installation
Chapter I
General Provisions
Article 1 This part applies to the installation of positive displacement compressors such as reciprocating piston, screw, vane and diaphragm. Article 2 This part is the professional technical regulations for compressor installation projects. The general technical requirements for installation projects should be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the first volume of this specification "General Provisions".
Article 3 The disassembly and cleaning of compressors shall meet the following requirements: 1. The integrally installed compressors shall generally be disassembled and cleaned as follows: 1. The piston, connecting rod, air valve and packing of reciprocating piston compressors shall be disassembled, and the equipment surface and the disassembled parts and components shall be cleaned. The air valve and packing shall not be cleaned with steam;
2. For reciprocating piston compressors sealed with oil seal lubricating oil, when they are installed within the oil seal period specified in the equipment technical documents, except for the air valve, other parts and components do not need to be disassembled and cleaned;
3. For screw compressors and vanes For compressors, when they are installed within the oil seal period specified in the equipment technical documents, they do not need to be disassembled and cleaned. If there are special requirements, they shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the equipment technical documents; 4. For diaphragm compressors, the cylinder head, diaphragm and suction and exhaust valves shall be disassembled and cleaned. 2. For compressors assembled on site, the main engine parts and auxiliary equipment shall be cleaned. The valves, packings and other seals shall not be cleaned with steam: after cleaning, the cleaning agent or water shall be removed, and the parts, components and equipment surfaces shall be checked for damage and other defects. After passing the cleaning, a thin layer of lubricating oil shall be applied (the parts and components in contact with the medium of non-lubricated compressors shall not be oiled). Chapter 2 Integrally installed compressors
Article 4 The longitudinal and lateral non-levelness of the compressor shall not exceed 0.2/1000. It shall be measured at the following locations: 1. Horizontal compressors (including symmetrical balanced types) shall be measured on the slide surface of the fuselage or other reference surfaces; 2. For vertical compressors, the cylinder head shall be removed and measured on the cylinder top plane: 3. For other types of compressors, it shall be measured on the exposed part of the main shaft or other reference surfaces. Chapter 3 Reciprocating piston compressors assembled on site Article 5 The assembled fuselage and middle body shall meet the following requirements: 1. Inject kerosene into the fuselage to the highest oil level of the lubricating oil. There shall be no leakage after 8 hours: 2. The longitudinal and lateral unevenness of the fuselage shall not exceed 0.05/1000. And it shall be measured at the following locations 1. The longitudinal unevenness of the horizontal compressor (including the symmetrical balanced type) is measured at the front and rear points of the slideway: the lateral unevenness is measured at the bearing hole of the fuselage (see Figure V-1-1); Figure V-1-1 Measuring the longitudinal and lateral unevenness of the fuselage 1 Bearing hole: 2-Level meter: 3-Slide 2 Vertical compressors are measured on the fuselage joint surface; 3L-type compressors are measured on the fuselage flange surface. 3. The different axiality of the center lines of the main bearing holes of the two fuselage compressors should not exceed 0.05 mm. Article 6 The assembly of crankshafts and bearings shall meet the following requirements: 1. The oil passages of crankshafts and bearings shall be unobstructed and clean, and the crankshaft's oil plugging screws and the locking devices of the balance iron must be tightened; 2. The steel shell of the bearing and the alloy layer of the bearing shall be firmly bonded, and there shall be no shelling or muteness; 3. The back of the bearing and the bearing seat shall fit tightly, and the contact area shall not be less than 70%; 4. The radial and axial clearances between the bearing and the main journal shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents; 5. The contact arc surface between the lower journal and the journal of the split thick-walled bearing shall not be less than 90°, and the contact area shall not be less than 70% of the contact arc surface; for the four-open bearing, the contact area between the journal and the lower journal and the side journal shall not be less than 70% of the area of each journal; thin-walled bearings do not need to be scraped during assembly, but their clearances shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents; 6. The non-levelness of the crankshaft shall not exceed 0.1 /1000, at the position where the crankshaft rotates 90°, use a spirit level to measure on the main journal: 7. The non-perpendicularity of the crankshaft axis line to the slideway axis line should not exceed 0.1/1000 (see Figure V-1-2): Figure V-1-2 Measuring the non-perpendicularity of the crankshaft axis line to the slideway axis line 1-crank pin axis 2-crankshaft axis line: 3-fuselage 4-measuring bracket 5 fuselage slideway axis line: 6-wire bracket: 7-tensioning weight 8. Check the distance between the four positions of the cranks, up, down, left and right (see Figure V-1-3), and the change value should comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents; when there is no provision, it should not be greater than one ten-thousandth of the stroke value; Figure V-1-3 Measuring the distance between cranks
1-main journal: 2-crank 3-dial indicator
9. After the crankshaft is assembled, rotate it for a few turns, and there should be no blockage. Article 7 The assembled cylinder shall meet the following requirements: 1. After the cylinder is assembled, the water channel shall be subject to a tightness test as specified in the equipment technical documents, and there shall be no leakage; 2. The axial misalignment of the horizontal cylinder axis to the slide axis shall comply with the provisions of Table V-1-1, and its inclination direction shall be consistent with the inclination direction of the slide; when adjusting the cylinder axis, gaskets shall not be added to the cylinder end face; 3. When aligning the vertical cylinder, the clearance around the piston in the cylinder shall be uniform, and the deviation shall be less than 1/2 of the average clearance value between the piston and the cylinder.
Differential axis of cylinder axis to slide axisCylinder diameter (mm)
≤100
>100～300
>300~500
>500～1000
Radial displacement should not exceed (mm)
Article 8 The assembled connecting rod shall meet the following requirements: 1. The oil circuit of the connecting rod shall be unobstructed and clean: Table V-1-1
The tilt should not exceed
0.02/1000
0.04/1000
0.06/1000
0.08/1000||tt ||2. The contact area between the thick-walled connecting rod big end bearing and the crank pin should not be less than 70% of the area of the big end bearing; the thin-walled connecting rod big end bearing does not need to be scraped, and the contact area between the connecting rod small end bushing (bearing) and the crosshead pin should not be less than 70% of the area of the small end bushing (bearing). 3. The radial clearance and axial clearance between the connecting rod big end bearing and the crank pin shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents: 4. The radial clearance between the connecting rod small end bushing (bearing) and the crosshead pin, and the axial clearance between the small end bushing (bearing) and the crosshead body shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents:
5. The connecting rod bolts and nuts should be tightened and locked evenly with reference to the tightening torque recommended in the equipment technical documents. Article 9 The assembly of the crosshead shall meet the following requirements: 1. The contact area between the crosshead slide and the slideway shall not be less than 60% of the slideway area; 2. The gap between the crosshead slide and the slideway at all positions of the stroke shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents; 3. For symmetrical balanced compressors, the crossheads on both sides of the fuselage move symmetrically, and the slides are subjected to different forces. During assembly, the markings made by the manufacturer should be followed to prevent incorrect assembly to ensure that the piston rod axis coincides with the slideway axis; 4. The connecting bolts and locking devices of the crosshead pin should be tightened and locked. Article 10 The assembly of pistons and piston rods shall meet the following requirements: 1. The piston ring shall first be checked for light leakage in the cylinder. There shall be no more than two places where light leakage occurs on the entire circumference, and each place shall not exceed an arc length of 45°, and the distance from the piston ring opening shall be greater than 30° (except for plastic rings); 2. The gap between the piston ring and the end face of the piston ring groove, and the opening gap when the piston ring is placed in the cylinder shall all comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents: 3. The piston ring shall be able to rotate freely in the piston ring groove by hand. When the piston ring is pressed by hand, the ring shall be able to sink completely into the groove. When the piston is installed in the cylinder, the positions of the openings of the same group of piston rings should be staggered with each other, and all opening positions should be staggered with the valve hole; 4. The gap between the piston and the mirror surface of the cylinder shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents. For horizontal cylinders and pistons with bearing alloy cast on the bottom, the upper gap is allowed to be 5% less than the average gap than the lower gap. Left and right: 5. The contact area between the piston support surface cast with bearing alloy and the cylinder mirror surface should not be less than 60% of the piston support arc surface 6. The piston rod and piston, piston rod and crosshead should be firmly connected and locked: 7. The inner and outer dead point clearances of the piston in the cylinder should comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents. Article 11 The assembly of packing and oil scraper shall meet the following requirements 1. When assembling packing, its oil, water and air channels must be unobstructed and clean: 2. The contact area of each packing ring end face and stuffing box end face should not be less than 70%: 3. The contact area between packing, oil scraper and piston rod should not be less than 70% of the area of the ring group; 4. When assembling the oil scraper, the scraping edge should not be rounded, and the direction of the blade should not be reversed; 5. After the packing and oil scraper are assembled, the gaps at each location should comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents; 6. The locking device of the packing gland must be locked securely. Article 12 The assembly of the gas valve shall meet the following requirements: 1. The elastic force of the gas valve spring shall be uniform, and the valve plate and spring shall not be stuck or skewed. 2. The gas valve adjustment device and the valve plate lift shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents. 3. After the gas valve is assembled, kerosene shall be injected for a tightness test, and only discontinuous drip leakage is allowed. Article 13 The assembly of the lubrication system shall meet the following requirements: 1. The oil pipe shall not have sharp bends, twists and flattening; 2. The transmission mechanism connecting the crankshaft and the oil pump or the crankshaft and the oiler shall operate flexibly: 3. The pipelines, valves, filters and coolers of the lubrication system shall be subjected to a tightness test according to the pressure specified in the equipment technical documents after assembly; if there is no provision,The test should be carried out according to the rated pressure; there should be no leakage: 4. The oil pipe should be exhausted and drained first, and then connected to the oil supply and lubrication point. Chapter 4 Accessory Equipment
Article 14 Before the auxiliary equipment of the compressor (such as cooler, gas-liquid separator, buffer, dryer, gas storage tank, filter, vent tank, etc.) is in place, the position of the pipe mouth, the position of the anchor bolt hole and the foundation should be checked according to the construction drawing to see if they are consistent, and check whether all pipelines are unobstructed. Article 15 The auxiliary equipment that bears pressure should be tested for strength and tightness according to the pressure specified in the equipment technical documents. If there is no regulation, the strength test pressure shall be carried out according to the provisions of Table 1-1-2, and the tightness test pressure shall be carried out according to the rated pressure. Strength test pressure of accessory equipment
Rated pressure P (kgf
/cm)
Test pressure Ps (kgf/cm)
Article 16 The strength test should use water as the medium. The equipment should be maintained at the test pressure for 5 minutes, and then the pressure should be reduced to the rated pressure. A small hammer should be used to gently tap 150 mm on both sides of the weld for a comprehensive inspection. There should be no leakage or deformation. Article 17 When using air or inert gas as the medium for tightness test, the following methods should be used for inspection: 1. Apply soapy water to the joints of bolts, rivets, welds, etc., and observe whether there are bubbles: 2. The leakage or pressure drop of gas per hour (at least observe for 1 hour) should comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents. Article 18 For accessory equipment under pressure, if the following three conditions are met at the same time, no strength test may be carried out, only tightness test: 1. The strength test has been carried out at the manufacturer and has a certificate of conformity; 2. There are no signs of damage on the surface;
3. Install within the specified period of the technical documents. Article 19 The non-levelness of the drain pipe of the water-spray cooler and the non-plumbness of the drain pipe elevation shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents; if there is no provision, it shall not exceed 1/1000; the overflow of the overflow trough shall be uniform. Article 20 The non-levelness of the horizontal equipment and the non-plumbness of the vertical equipment shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents: if there is no provision, it shall not exceed 1/1000.
Chapter 5 Trial Operation
Article 21 The following requirements shall be met before the trial operation of the compressor: 1. The fasteners of the cylinder head, cylinder, fuselage, crosshead, connecting rod, bearing cover, etc. shall be fully checked for tightness; 2. The instruments and electrical equipment shall be adjusted correctly, and the direction of the motor shall meet the requirements of the compressor: 3. The specifications and quantity of lubricating grease shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents, and the oil supply shall be normal: 4. The air intake pipeline shall be clean;
5. The water inlet and drainage pipelines shall be unobstructed;
6. Turn the compressor several times, and it shall be flexible and free of obstruction; 7. Safety valves at all levels shall be sensitive.
Article 22 During the no-load test run of the compressor, the following requirements shall be met: 1. Remove the suction and exhaust valves at all levels;
2. Start the compressor and then stop running, check all parts, and after no abnormalities are found, run it for 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 4 to 8 hours in turn. Before each operation, check whether the lubrication of the compressor is normal; 3. During operation, the oil pressure, oil temperature and temperature rise of each friction part shall comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents; 4. During operation, there shall be no abnormal noise from each moving part, and all fasteners shall not be loose. Article 23 During the air load test run of the compressor, the following requirements shall be met: 1. Before the air load test run, the air filter shall be installed first, and the suction and exhaust valves shall be installed step by step, and the compressor shall be started for flushing. Start from the first stage, connect and purge each stage until the exhausted air is clean, but the purge time for each stage should not be less than 30 minutes; the purge pressure of each stage should be in accordance with the provisions of the equipment technical documents; if there is no provision, it should be 1.5-2 kgf/;
2. After purge, the suction and exhaust valves of each stage should be removed and cleaned, and checked for damage; 3. Gradually increase the pressure for operation. When the exhaust pressure is 1/4 of the rated pressure, it should operate for 1 hour; when it is 1/2 of the rated pressure, it should operate for 2 hours; when it is 3/4 of the rated pressure, it should operate for 2 hours; the operating time at the rated pressure should be in accordance with the provisions of the equipment technical documents; if there is no provision, it should not be less than 24 hours;
4. During the boost operation, the compressor should not have any abnormal phenomenon before the pressure can be gradually increased until it can be operated stably at the required pressure; 5. For compressors whose compression medium is not air, when using air for load test operation, the maximum exhaust pressure should comply with the provisions of the equipment technical documents. If there is no provision, it shall not be higher than 250 kgf/cm" 6. The oil pressure during the operation of the compressor shall not be lower than 1 kgf/cm. The temperature of the lubricating oil in the crankcase or the fuselage shall not be higher than 60℃ for compressors with crossheads and 70℃ for compressors without crossheads; 7. The discharge temperature of each level of the compressor shall not be higher than 40 ℃; 8. The vibration and sound of the compressor should be normal Article 24 During the air load test run of the compressor, the following inspections and records should be carried out: 1. The pressure, temperature and oil supply of the lubricating oil in each part; 2. The suction and exhaust temperature and pressure of each level; 3. The inlet and outlet temperature of each level and the supply of cooling water; 4. Whether the suction and exhaust valves of each level are working normally; 5. Whether there are abnormal sounds from each moving part; 6. Whether there are air leakage, oil leakage or water leakage at each connection part; 7. Whether there is looseness at each connection part; 8. Whether the air volume regulating device is sensitive;
9. The temperature of the main friction parts such as the main bearing, slideway, filler, etc.; 10. , the current, voltage and temperature rise of the motor; whether the automatic control device is sensitive.
XI.
Article 25 After the compressor passes the test run, the lubricating oil should be replaced. Chapter VI Non-lubricated compressors
Article 26 The installation requirements of non-lubricated compressors① and their ancillary equipment shall comply with the following requirements in addition to the provisions of Chapters 1, 2, 3 and 4 of this article:
① Non-lubricated compressors refer to reciprocating piston compressors whose cylinders and packing parts cannot be lubricated with grease, and whose sealing rings (including scraper rings) and piston rings (including support rings) are made of materials such as fluoroplastics, nylon, and graphite.
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