This standard is the basic safety regulation for grinding machinery, and the design, manufacture, use and management of grinding machinery must comply with it. This standard applies to grinding machinery that uses grinding wheels or grinding tiles for manual, motorized or automatic processing. This standard does not apply to grinding machinery that uses shank grinding heads, coated abrasives, oilstones and grinding pastes. GB 4674-1984 Safety regulations for grinding machinery GB4674-1984 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
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1 Introduction National Standard of the People's Republic of China Safety code for grinding machines Safety code for grinding machinesUDC 621.924 GB 4674—84 1.1 This standard is the basic safety regulation for grinding machines, and the design, manufacture, use and management of grinding machines must comply with it. 1.2 This standard applies to grinding machines that use grinding wheels or grinding tiles for manual, motorized or automatic processing. 1.3 This standard does not apply to grinding machines that use shank grinding heads, coated abrasives, oilstones and grinding pastes. Safety requirements for the design and manufacture of grinding machines 2 Grinding machines must have the power required for grinding under the maximum allowable load to ensure the normal operating speed of the grinding wheel spindle. 2.1 2.2 The grinding wheel spindle must meet the following requirements: 2.2.1 Grinding wheel spindle diameter: 1. When the working speed is less than or equal to 50 m/s, the minimum diameter of the grinding wheel installation part shall not be less than the value specified in Table 1 (excluding the grinding wheel spindle where the grinding wheel is installed between two bearings). 2.2.2 Grinding wheel spindle thread direction: The direction of rotation of the grinding wheel spindle end thread that tightens the grinding wheel or grinding wheel chuck must be opposite to the direction of rotation of the grinding wheel during operation. If the above requirements cannot be met, measures must be taken to prevent the grinding wheel or grinding wheel chuck from loosening when the grinding wheel spindle rotates. 2.2.3 Grinding wheel! The length of the spindle thread is shown in Figure 1. The length of the grinding wheel spindle end thread that tightens the grinding wheel or grinding wheel chuck must meet the following conditions. The grinding wheel spindle thread must be long enough to ensure that the entire clamping nut is screwed in (L>I). 2.2.3.1 The threaded part of the grinding wheel spindle must extend into the clamping surface of the clamping nut, but shall not exceed the minimum thickness allowed by the design 2.2.3.2 Half the length of the inner hole of the grinding wheel-(h>H). 2 Thickness H Grinding wheel diameter 80~100 -100~125 125~150 150~180 180~200 National Bureau of Standards 1984-07-28 Issued Diameter d. wwW.bzxz.Net Implemented on 1985-05-01 grinding wheel diameter 200~230 230~250 250~300 300~350 350~400 400~450 450 ~500 -500~600 600~750 -750 ~900 -9001060 GB 4674--84 Continued Table 1 Thickness of grinding wheel H GB4674-84 The tensile strength of the grinding wheel spindle material shall not be less than 650 N/mm2, and the elongation shall not be less than 10%. The matching of the center hole diameter of the grinding wheel and the left shaft of the grinding wheel or the grinding wheel chuck shall comply with the provisions of Table 2. 2.2.5 Grinding wheel aperture d Grinding wheel spindle or grinding wheel chuck diameter 2.3 Grinding wheel chuck: Mirror grinding, thread grinding, high-speed grinding and fine grinding with a working speed of 45m/s The diameter of the grinding wheel chuck shall not be less than one-third of the diameter of the installed grinding wheel. The diameter of the grinding wheel chuck for cutting off the grinding wheel shall not be less than 2.3.1 One-quarter of the diameter of the installed grinding wheel. For any type of grinding wheel chuck, the diameter of the left and right parts and the radial width of the clamping surface must be equal. The grinding wheel chuck must be able to reliably transmit the driving force to the grinding wheel. The grinding wheel chuck should have sufficient rigidity, and the clamping surface must remain flat and in even contact after tightening. 2.3.4 On the side of the grinding wheel chuck facing the grinding wheel, there should be enough gap in the non-contact part, and the minimum size is 1.5 mm. 2.3.6 The surfaces of the grinding wheel chuck should be smooth and sharp, and well balanced. 2.3.7 The shape of the grinding wheel chuck (Figure 2): 2.3.7.1 Grooved grinding wheel chuck: used to install grinding wheels with smaller apertures directly mounted on the grinding wheel spindle (Figure 2a). Sleeve-type grinding wheel chuck: used to install grinding wheels with larger apertures (Figure 2b). Figure 2 2.3.7.3 Bushing type grinding wheel chuck: used to install grinding wheels with large aperture and thickness exceeding 32 mm (Figure 2c). 2.3.7.4 Conical grinding wheel chuck: used to install double beveled grinding wheels (Figure 2d). 2.3.8 Minimum size of grinding wheel chuck: The parts and minimum sizes indicated by the scale marks of the grinding wheel chuck. For grooved grinding wheel chucks, see Figure 3 and Table 3. Bushing type and sleeve type grinding wheel chucks, see Figure 4 and Table 4. 303 Grinding wheel diameter 25 ~ 50 100-125 125~150 150~170 170 ~200 200~250 250~300 300350 GB4674—84 F(40% of grinding wheel thicknessF>12mm) Grinding wheel chuck Minimum diameter Radial width of clamping surface Minimum 1.5mm Minimum 0.5mm Minimum 3mm Minimum thickness of grinding wheel chuck at the center hole Minimum thickness of grinding wheel chuck at the edge of the groove Grinding wheel diameter ?350~400| |tt||400~450 450~500 -500~550 550~600 600~650 ~650~700 700~750 ~750~900 9 00 ~ 1050 | | tt | | 1050 ~ 1200 | | tt | 4674--84 Continued Table 3 Radial width of clamping surface Grinding wheel chuck Minimum diameter Minimum thickness of grinding wheel chuck at center hole Minimum thickness of grinding wheel chuck at center hole Minimum thickness of grinding wheel chuck at edge of groove Minimum thickness of grinding wheel chuck at retracting groove Grinding wheel diameter 350450 450~600 600~750 750~900 Grinding wheel aperture GB 4674-84 Continued Table 4 Grinding wheel chuck Minimum diameter Grinding wheel chuck minimum thickness at the center hole Grinding wheel chuck material: steel with a tensile strength of not less than 415 N/mm?. mm Grinding wheel chuck minimum thickness at the retracting groove 2.3.10 Grinding wheel chucks of other materials, forms and sizes may also be used if their strength and rigidity are not less than those specified in this standard. 2.4 Grinding wheel guard 2.4.1 All rotating parts on the grinding machine, such as grinding wheels, motors, pulleys and workpiece headstocks, must be equipped with guards. The guards should be firmly fixed and their connection strength should not be less than that of the guards. 2.4.2 The grinding wheel guard is generally composed of a circumferential component and two side components, and should cover the grinding wheel, grinding wheel chuck and the end of the grinding wheel spindle. Its main performance is: when the grinding wheel is damaged for some reason during work, it can effectively cover the grinding wheel fragments to ensure the safety of personnel. 2.4.3 The maximum opening angle of the grinding wheel guard must be equal to or less than the values specified in 2.4.4.1~2.4.4.5. The opening angle should be measured from the center of the grinding wheel spindle as the vertex to the opening end on the outer wall of the cover. 2.4.4 The shape and maximum opening angle of the grinding wheel guard: 2.4.4.1 Grinding wheel guard for external cylindrical and centerless grinding: The grinding wheel guard can be round (Figure 5a) or square (Figure 5b). The maximum opening angle shall not exceed 180°, and the part above the horizontal plane of the centerline of the grinding wheel sweep axis shall not exceed 65°. The center part R shall not be less than the specified grinding wheel-chuck radius. Maximum 65 Maximum 180 GB 4674-84 Maximum 65 Dian Da 180 2.4.4.2 Grinding wheel guard for table and floor type grinding machine: Grinding wheel guard can be round (Fig. 6a) or square (Fig. 6b). The maximum opening angle shall not exceed 90°, and the part above the horizontal plane of the grinding wheel spindle centerline shall not exceed 65°. The center part R shall not be less than the radius of the grinding wheel chuck. If the grinding wheel part below the horizontal plane of the grinding wheel spindle centerline is also used for processing, the maximum opening angle of the grinding wheel guard can be increased to 125° (Fig. 7). Maximum distance Maximum 91 Maximum 125° Maximum 90 Shengda 65 Maximum 65 Maximum 125 2.4.4.3 Grinding wheel guard for horizontal spindle surface grinding: GB4674-84 Grinding wheel guard can be round (Fig. 8a) or square (Fig. 8b). The maximum opening angle shall not exceed 150°, and the end of the opening shall not be higher than 15° below the horizontal plane of the centerline of the grinding wheel spindle. The center part R shall not be less than the radius of the grinding wheel chuck. Minimum Minimum 15° 2.4.4.4 Grinding wheel guards for suspended grinding machines, cutting grinding machines and straight portable grinding machines; the grinding wheel guards can be round (Figure 9a) or square (Figure 9b). The maximum opening angle shall not exceed 180°, and the upper half of the grinding wheel must be covered at all times. The center part R shall not be less than the radius of the grinding wheel chuck. Maximum 180 Xi Da 180 2.4.4.5 Grinding wheel guard for top grinding: When using the part above the water surface of the grinding wheel centerline, the grinding wheel guard can be round (Figure 10a) or square (Figure 10b). The maximum opening angle of the top shall not exceed 60°. The center R should not be less than the radius of the grinding wheel chuck. 308 GB467484 most 60 sGrinding wheel guard for vertical axis grinding: Grinding wheel guard is star-shaped (Figure 11). The maximum exposure of the grinding wheel is shown in Table 5. 2.4.4.6 GB467484 Wall thickness of grinding wheel guard: When the working speed of the grinding wheel is less than or equal to 35 m/s, the parts indicated by the various scale marks of the belt-type grinding wheel guard are shown in Figure 11, and the minimum wall thickness is shown in Table 6. The parts indicated by the various scale marks of the fixed grinding wheel guard are shown in Figure 12, and the minimum wall thickness is shown in Table 7. Grinding wheel diameter 13 ~25 75~100 Minimum thickness Maximum exposure of grinding wheel >200~600 >600~750 Grinding wheel speed 35~50 50~63 Grinding wheel thickness >50~100 >100~160 >50 ~100 100~160 50~100 100~160 160~200 >200~250 250~400 >400 ~500 50~100 ?100~160 ·160~200 200~250 >250~400 400~500 GB 4674—84 Diameter Df ~300 6 1 10 ~400 GB4674—84 Grinding wheel guard material: steel with tensile strength not less than 415 N/mm2. 2.4.6 The dressing opening on the grinding wheel guard must be equipped with a protective device to prevent the danger caused by flying particles and sparks. The structure of the grinding wheel guard should be such that it is not necessary to remove its outer cylindrical component when replacing the grinding wheel. 2.4.8 The connection strength or weld strength of the combined or welded grinding wheel guard shall not be less than the strength of the grinding wheel guard component. 2.4.9 2.4.10 The inner wall of the outer cylindrical component of the grinding wheel guard used for 1. working speed higher than 80 m/s should be attached with a buffer material layer that can absorb impact energy, such as polyurethane plastic, rubber, etc. 2.4.11 Grinding wheel guards of other forms and sizes may also be used if their protective effectiveness is not less than that specified in this standard, but they shall be verified by tests. For grinding wheel guards with a working speed of less than or equal to 40 m/s, other materials may also be used, and their strength shall not be less than that specified in this standard. 2.4.12 The upper end of the opening of the grinding wheel guard shall be provided with an adjustable guard plate, which can adjust the gap between the guard plate and the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel as the grinding wheel wears. The guard plate shall be firmly fixed on the grinding wheel guard, and the connection strength shall not be less than the strength of the grinding wheel guard component. The width of the guard plate shall be greater than the width of the outer circumference of the grinding wheel guard. When the opening angle of the grinding wheel guard above the horizontal plane of the grinding wheel spindle centerline is less than 30°, the guard plate may not be provided. 2.4.13 The gap between the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel and the edge of the adjustable guard plate must be less than 6 mm (Figure 13). When installing the thickest grinding wheel allowed by the design, the gap between the outer side of the grinding wheel chuck and the edge of the opening of the grinding wheel guard must be less than 15 mm. The gap between the inner wall of the endless grinding wheel guard and the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel (dimension B in Figure 11) should be less than 15 mm. The 6 mm gap requirement can be ignored for grinding machines where the grinding wheel rotation centerline faces the same direction as the operator position. The 6 mm gap requirement can be ignored when the opening angle of the grinding wheel guard above the horizontal plane of the grinding wheel spindle centerline is less than 30. 载天6mm 最夫塔米3mml 2.5 The grinding wheel axis of the grinding machine should have a mark of the rotation direction, which should be obvious and can be preserved for a long time. 2.6 A bracket should be provided on the grinding machine for grinding, and its position should be independently adjusted as the grinding wheel wears. The height of the bracket table should be the same as the centerline of the grinding wheel spindle, and there should be enough area to ensure the stability of the workpiece being ground. There should be no defects such as drop or missing corners on the edge of the workpiece holder close to the grinding wheel. 2.7 Protective baffles should be installed at both ends or around the worktable of the surface grinder to prevent the workpiece from flying out. 2.8 Grinding machines with electric, pneumatic or hydraulic clamping devices should be equipped with interlocking devices, that is, the grinding operation should be stopped at the same time when the clamping force disappears.5 The parts indicated by the mark are shown in Figure 11, and the minimum wall thickness is shown in Table 6. The parts indicated by the scale marks of the fixed grinding wheel guard are shown in Figure 12, and the minimum wall thickness is shown in Table 7. Grinding wheel diameter 13 ~25 75~100 Minimum thickness Maximum exposure of the grinding wheel >200~600 >600~750 Grinding wheel speed 35~50 50~63 Grinding wheel thickness >50~100 >100~160 >50 ~100 100~160 50~100 100~160 160~200 >200~250 250~400 >400 ~500 50~100 ?100~160 ·160~200 200~250 >250~400 400~500 GB 4674—84 Diameter Df ~300 6 1 10 ~400 GB4674—84 Grinding wheel guard material: steel with tensile strength not less than 415 N/mm2. 2.4.6 The dressing opening on the grinding wheel guard must be equipped with a protective device to prevent the danger caused by flying particles and sparks. The structure of the grinding wheel guard should be such that it is not necessary to remove its outer cylindrical component when replacing the grinding wheel. 2.4.8 The connection strength or weld strength of the combined or welded grinding wheel guard shall not be less than the strength of the grinding wheel guard component. 2.4.9 2.4.10 The inner wall of the outer cylindrical component of the grinding wheel guard used for 1. working speed higher than 80 m/s should be attached with a buffer material layer that can absorb impact energy, such as polyurethane plastic, rubber, etc. 2.4.11 Grinding wheel guards of other forms and sizes may also be used if their protective effectiveness is not less than that specified in this standard, but they shall be verified by tests. For grinding wheel guards with a working speed of less than or equal to 40 m/s, other materials may also be used, and their strength shall not be less than that specified in this standard. 2.4.12 The upper end of the opening of the grinding wheel guard shall be provided with an adjustable guard plate, which can adjust the gap between the guard plate and the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel as the grinding wheel wears. The guard plate shall be firmly fixed on the grinding wheel guard, and the connection strength shall not be less than the strength of the grinding wheel guard component. The width of the guard plate shall be greater than the width of the outer circumference of the grinding wheel guard. When the opening angle of the grinding wheel guard above the horizontal plane of the grinding wheel spindle centerline is less than 30°, the guard plate may not be provided. 2.4.13 The gap between the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel and the edge of the adjustable guard plate must be less than 6 mm (Figure 13). When installing the thickest grinding wheel allowed by the design, the gap between the outer side of the grinding wheel chuck and the edge of the opening of the grinding wheel guard must be less than 15 mm. The gap between the inner wall of the endless grinding wheel guard and the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel (dimension B in Figure 11) should be less than 15 mm. The 6 mm gap requirement can be ignored for grinding machines where the grinding wheel rotation centerline faces the same direction as the operator position. The 6 mm gap requirement can be ignored when the opening angle of the grinding wheel guard above the horizontal plane of the grinding wheel spindle centerline is less than 30. 载天6mm 最夫塔米3mml 2.5 The grinding wheel axis of the grinding machine should have a mark of the rotation direction, which should be obvious and can be preserved for a long time. 2.6 A bracket should be provided on the grinding machine for grinding, and its position should be independently adjusted as the grinding wheel wears. The height of the bracket table should be the same as the centerline of the grinding wheel spindle, and there should be enough area to ensure the stability of the workpiece being ground. There should be no defects such as drop or missing corners on the edge of the workpiece holder close to the grinding wheel. 2.7 Protective baffles should be installed at both ends or around the worktable of the surface grinder to prevent the workpiece from flying out. 2.8 Grinding machines with electric, pneumatic or hydraulic clamping devices should be equipped with interlocking devices, that is, the grinding operation should be stopped at the same time when the clamping force disappears.5 The parts indicated by the mark are shown in Figure 11, and the minimum wall thickness is shown in Table 6. The parts indicated by the scale marks of the fixed grinding wheel guard are shown in Figure 12, and the minimum wall thickness is shown in Table 7. Grinding wheel diameter 13 ~25 75~100 Minimum thickness Maximum exposure of the grinding wheel >200~600 >600~750 Grinding wheel speed 35~50 50~63 Grinding wheel thickness >50~100 >100~160 >50 ~100 100~160 50~100 100~160 160~200 >200~250 250~400 >400 ~500 50~100 ?100~160 ·160~200 200~250 >250~400 400~500 GB 4674—84 Diameter Df ~300 6 1 10 ~400 GB4674—84 Grinding wheel guard material: steel with tensile strength not less than 415 N/mm2. 2.4.6 The dressing opening on the grinding wheel guard must be equipped with a protective device to prevent the danger caused by flying particles and sparks. The structure of the grinding wheel guard should be such that it is not necessary to remove its outer cylindrical component when replacing the grinding wheel. 2.4.8 The connection strength or weld strength of the combined or welded grinding wheel guard shall not be less than the strength of the grinding wheel guard component. 2.4.9 2.4.10 The inner wall of the outer cylindrical component of the grinding wheel guard used for 1. working speed higher than 80 m/s should be attached with a buffer material layer that can absorb impact energy, such as polyurethane plastic, rubber, etc. 2.4.11 Grinding wheel guards of other forms and sizes may also be used if their protective effectiveness is not less than that specified in this standard, but they shall be verified by tests. For grinding wheel guards with a working speed of less than or equal to 40 m/s, other materials may also be used, and their strength shall not be less than that specified in this standard. 2.4.12 The upper end of the opening of the grinding wheel guard shall be provided with an adjustable guard plate, which can adjust the gap between the guard plate and the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel as the grinding wheel wears. The guard plate shall be firmly fixed on the grinding wheel guard, and the connection strength shall not be less than the strength of the grinding wheel guard component. The width of the guard plate shall be greater than the width of the outer circumference of the grinding wheel guard. When the opening angle of the grinding wheel guard above the horizontal plane of the grinding wheel spindle centerline is less than 30°, the guard plate may not be provided. 2.4.13 The gap between the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel and the edge of the adjustable guard plate must be less than 6 mm (Figure 13). When installing the thickest grinding wheel allowed by the design, the gap between the outer side of the grinding wheel chuck and the edge of the opening of the grinding wheel guard must be less than 15 mm. The gap between the inner wall of the endless grinding wheel guard and the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel (dimension B in Figure 11) should be less than 15 mm. The 6 mm gap requirement can be ignored for grinding machines where the grinding wheel rotation centerline faces the same direction as the operator position. The 6 mm gap requirement can be ignored when the opening angle of the grinding wheel guard above the horizontal plane of the grinding wheel spindle centerline is less than 30. 载天6mm 最夫塔米3mml 2.5 The grinding wheel axis of the grinding machine should have a mark of the rotation direction, which should be obvious and can be preserved for a long time. 2.6 A bracket should be provided on the grinding machine for grinding, and its position should be independently adjusted as the grinding wheel wears. The height of the bracket table should be the same as the centerline of the grinding wheel spindle, and there should be enough area to ensure the stability of the workpiece being ground. There should be no defects such as drop or missing corners on the edge of the workpiece holder close to the grinding wheel. 2.7 Protective baffles should be installed at both ends or around the worktable of the surface grinder to prevent the workpiece from flying out. 2.8 Grinding machines with electric, pneumatic or hydraulic clamping devices should be equipped with interlocking devices, that is, the grinding operation should be stopped at the same time when the clamping force disappears. Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.