JB 8654-1997 This standard is mainly formulated with reference to the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers standard ANSI/ASHRE15-1992 "Mechanical Refrigeration Safety Code". This standard specifies the safety requirements for positive displacement (including piston type, screw type) and centrifugal chillers (heat pumps). This standard applies to positive displacement (including piston type, screw type) and centrifugal chillers (heat pumps). Other liquid cooling units can also refer to this standard. This standard does not include all possible hazards of the unit. JB 8654-1997 Positive displacement and centrifugal chillers (heat pumps) Safety requirements JB8654-1997 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

JB86541997
This standard is mainly formulated with reference to the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers standard ANSI/ASHRAEI5-1992 "Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration".
This standard is proposed and managed by the Technical Committee for Standardization of Refrigeration Equipment of the Ministry of Machinery Industry. The drafting units of this standard are: Wuhan New World Refrigeration Industry Co., Ltd., Shanghai Hezhong Kaili Air Conditioning Equipment Co., Ltd., Chongqing General Industry (Group) Co., Ltd., Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, Wuhan McQuay Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Co., Ltd., Shanghai Yileng Kaili Air Conditioning Equipment Co., Ltd., and Shanghai Air Conditioning Machine Factory.
The main drafters of this standard are: Sun Zhengguo, Shi Jun, Wu Honglan, Han Shuheng, Zhang Mingsheng, Hu Zengwu, Tang Liangshi, and Shen Hesheng. 412
1 Scope
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety requirements of positive displacementandcentrifugal water-chilling packagesJB8654—1997
This standard specifies the safety requirements of positive displacement (including piston and screw) and centrifugal water-chilling (heat pump) units. This standard applies to positive displacement (including piston and screw) and centrifugal water-chilling (heat pump) units (hereinafter referred to as units). Other liquid cooling units may also refer to this standard.
This standard does not include all the hazards that may be generated by the units. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB9237—88 General technical specification for refrigeration equipment GB/T15706.11995 Basic concepts and design principles for mechanical safety Part 1: Basic terms and methodology
GB/T15706.21995 Basic concepts and design principles for mechanical safety Part 2: Technical principles and specifications GB/T6443—92 Centrifugal compressors
JB6917--93 Pressure vessels for refrigeration equipment 3 Hazard list
The hazardous factors of the unit are shown in Table 1.
Hazard list
Mechanical hazards
Entanglement hazard
Stab hazard
Parts and components ejection hazard
Breakage or explosion hazard
Unit instability
Electrical hazards
Noise may interfere with language communication and auditory signals. Refrigerant leakage may cause suffocation and explosion. Approved by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China on November 19, 1997 4.3.1
4. 6. 2, 4. 8. 4, 4.8. 8
Related clauses
5.8.2,5.8.4,5.8.8
1998-05-01 implementation
Hazards of refrigerant corrosive materials
Other hazards
JB8654-1997
Table 1 (end)
Wrong test medium
Wrong type or amount of refrigerant and lubricant charged Liquid shock
4 Safety requirements
4.1 General requirements
Related clauses
4.1.1 The parts and components used in the unit shall comply with the technical requirements of the corresponding safety regulations, national standards, industry standards and drawings and technical documents approved in accordance with the prescribed procedures.
4.1.2 The design and manufacture of the unit shall ensure safe operation during normal use and shall not cause harm to people, property and the environment. 4.2 Stability of the unit
4.2.1 The design of the unit should ensure reliable stability during normal transportation, installation and use, and it is not allowed to overturn due to vibration, wind or other foreseeable external forces.
4.2.2 The design of the centrifugal compressor should avoid the critical speed, which is the speed equal to the natural frequency of the rotor and bearing support system. 4.2.3 The rotor of the centrifugal compressor should have good dynamic balance performance, and the residual unbalance should not exceed the allowable value specified in JB/T6443.
4.2.4 The centrifugal chiller should specify the operating range of normal operation without surge. 4.3 Protective devices and safety devices
4.3.1 For the exposed rotating shaft and the motor shaft connection part (coupling) parts (such as bolts, nuts, gaskets) or the fan blades that may fly out, a fixed protective device-protective cover or fence should be installed. The protective device should have sufficient strength, rigidity, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and high anti-penetration ability to ensure safety. 4.3.2 When overload or other parameters (such as pressure, temperature, etc.) exceed the specified range, safety devices such as overload protectors or various controllers should be installed.
The unit should at least be equipped with:
motor overload protection;
high pressure and/or low pressure protection,
high temperature and/or low temperature protection.
The above protections are set according to the parameter values ​​specified in the corresponding instruction manual-operating manual. 4.3.3 The unit should be equipped with an emergency stop device so that it can be avoided when abnormal sounds or other dangers are about to occur during commissioning or operation. The emergency stop device should be placed in a clear and easy to identify and operate position. When the operator of the emergency stop device is reset, the unit should not be restarted, and it can only be started when it is allowed to start.
4.3.4 The compressor of the unit should have accurate and reliable display signals when starting, operating normally, and stopping. 4.3.5 When the unit is overloaded or the high or low voltage or high or low temperature exceeds the limit, it should be able to shut down immediately and alarm. 4.4 Electrical equipmentbzxz.net
4.4.1 Insulation resistance
4.4.1.1 For units with a power supply voltage less than 500V, the insulation resistance between the live parts and the non-live parts shall meet the following requirements:
- The insulation resistance of the secondary circuit to the ground (i.e. to the metal frame or shell) shall be greater than 1MQ; the insulation resistance of the busbar to the ground shall not be less than 5MQ, and the insulation resistance of the enclosed unit shall not be less than 10MQ. 414
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4.4.1.2 For units with a power supply voltage of 3000V and above, the insulation resistance shall comply with the relevant standards. 4.4.2 Withstand voltage
After the test in 4.4.1, when the test voltage specified in 5.4.2 is applied between the live parts and the non-live parts of the unit, there shall be no breakdown or flashover.
4.4.3 Winding temperature limit
When the unit is operating under nominal conditions of refrigeration and heat pump heating, the motor winding temperature shall not exceed the provisions of Table 2. Table 2
Insulation grade
Winding temperature limit, ℃
1The values ​​in brackets apply to rotary compressor windings. E
125(120)
2For the motor winding temperature limit for hermetic compressors, add 5℃ to the values ​​in the table. 4.4.4 Water-spray insulation performance
150(140)
170(165)
When the units installed outdoors, such as air-cooled units, air-cooled heat pump units, and evaporative cooling units, are subjected to type tests, the insulation resistance shall be greater than 1MQ after the water-spray test on the outdoor side of the unit in the use state, and shall meet the withstand voltage test requirements of 4.4.2. 4.4.5 Internal wiring, creepage distance and electrical clearance 4.4.5.1 The wire trough shall be smooth, without sharp edges or burrs. The wires shall not contact the fins. The surface of the insulated wire passing through the metal hole shall be smooth, with rounded corners or equipped with sleeves and rubber rings. The wiring shall effectively prevent contact with moving parts. 4.4.5.2 The internal wiring shall be firmly fixed and well insulated to ensure that the creepage distance and electrical clearance will not be reduced below the specified values ​​in 4.4.5.3 under normal use.
4.4.5.3 In all places where danger may occur due to voltage, fault current, leakage current or similar effects, sufficient creepage distance and electrical clearance shall be left. The electrical clearance and creepage distance between exposed live parts of different polarities in the unit and between them and the casing shall not be less than the provisions in Table 3.
Rated insulation voltage U
>60～300
>300～660
≤63A
Electrical clearance
≤63A
Electrical clearance
4.4.5.4 For units with a rated voltage greater than 3000V, the electrical clearance and creepage distance shall comply with relevant standards. 4.4.6 Grounding device
4.4.6.1Electrical equipment and control elements that need to be inspected, adjusted, operated or maintained should be centrally fixed and installed in the electrical control cabinet and grounded for protection.
During the operation of the unit, non-insulated metal parts that may be touched by users should be connected to the ground wire. 4.4.6.3The screws and grounding points connected to the ground should not be used as other mechanical fastenings. 4.4.6.4The grounding wire should not be made of aluminum wire, but copper wire. 4.4.6.5The grounding terminal of the unit should be indicated by the symbol "-". 4.5Noise and vibration
4.5.1When designing and manufacturing the unit, efforts should be made to reduce the noise value and vibration value. 4.5.2The noise value of the unit should not exceed the specified value of the corresponding unit standard. 4.6 Refrigerant and lubricant filling and vapor emission 415
4.6.1 Refrigerant and lubricant filling
JB8654-1997
4.6.1.1 The number of the refrigerant shall be consistent with the nameplate, and the performance of the refrigerant and lubricant shall comply with the provisions of the relevant standards. 4.6.1.2 The user shall not change the type of refrigerant at will. When the refrigerant needs to be replaced, it shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of the instruction manual, and a new nameplate shall be set to prove the replacement of the refrigerant.
4.6.1.3 When charging the unit with refrigerant and lubricant, they shall be carefully weighed and the specified amount shall be reached. 4.6.1.4 Except when charging or extracting refrigerant, the liquid storage bottle for maintenance shall not be connected to the system. 4.6.2 Emission of refrigerant vapor
4.6.2.1 The unit shall avoid refrigerant leakage. 4.6.2.2 The refrigerant extracted from the unit can only be injected into the liquid storage bottle that has passed the inspection. Except for the refrigerant discharged due to leakage, discharge of non-condensable gas, oil discharge or other accidental discharge, the refrigerant shall not be discharged into the atmosphere or sewers, rivers, lakes, etc. 4.6.2.3 The machine room should be well ventilated to prevent the accidental leakage of refrigerant and the risk of suffocation or explosion. 4.7 Defrosting
The safety protection components and devices of the heat pump unit equipped with automatic defrosting mechanism should not be activated and stop running during defrosting operation, and the melted water during defrosting and the condensed water of the outdoor side (heat source side) heat exchanger during heating operation should be able to be discharged normally. 4.8 Others
4.8.1 The design, manufacture and test of pressure vessels shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of JB6917. 4.8.2 The materials used in the unit shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB9237. 4.8.3 The thermal insulation materials used shall have flame retardant, non-toxic, odorless and other properties, the adhesive shall be non-toxic, and the pasting or fixing shall be firm. 4.8.4 The airtightness test, vacuum test and hydraulic test on the water side of the unit shall comply with the requirements of the relevant standards. 4.8.5 Oxygen, any flammable gas or flammable gas mixture shall not be used in the system for testing. 4.8.6 When the unit is started or running, excessive liquid refrigerant or oil shall be prevented from entering the compressor to avoid liquid hammer. 4.8.7 The surfaces of easily accessible parts and components shall not have sharp edges or sharp corners. 4.8.8 The impeller of the centrifugal compressor shall have sufficient strength, and the permanent deformation of its shaft hole or other key dimensions after the test shall not exceed the deviation value specified in the drawing.
4.8.9 After the compressor is assembled, a mechanical operation test shall be carried out to confirm that there is no friction sound. 5 Determination of safety requirements
5.1 General requirements
No specific determination method is specified for 4.1.
5.2 Stability of the unit
5.2.1 The design calculation and manufacturing guarantee for 4.2.1. 5.2.2 4.2.2 Guaranteed by design and manufacturing. 5.2.3 4.2.3 When the centrifugal compressor rotor is finally balanced, the residual unbalance should be checked according to the procedure specified in Appendix D (Supplement) of JB/T6443-92, and the result should meet the requirements of 4.2.3. 5.2.4 4.2.4 Check whether the operating instructions specify the operating range for normal operation without surge. 5.3 Protective devices and safety devices
5.3.1 Check that the protective covers or fences of the coupling and fan impeller (blade) should be fixed (tools must be used to install and remove with the help of fasteners) and firmly installed.
5.3.2 For safety devices:
For motor overload protection, check that the product certificate and nameplate of the overload protector are consistent, and simulate the action, and the power supply of the unit should be cut off;
For high-pressure and/or low-pressure protection, if a high-pressure safety valve is used, check its product certificate and nameplate to be consistent; if a fusible cold is used, check its re-inspection report and check whether the non-melting part of the fusible plug is printed with a temperature mark in °C; if a high-pressure controller or high-pressure switch is used, simulate its action, and the power supply of the unit should be cut off; -High-temperature and/or low-temperature protection, check that the product certificate and nameplate of the temperature controller are consistent, and simulate its action, and the power supply of the unit should be cut off.
5.3.3 When the unit is powered on, drive the manipulator of the emergency stop device, and the power supply of the unit should be cut off. When the manipulator is reset, the unit should not restart, but can only be started by pressing the start button when it is allowed to start. 5.3.4 Check whether the unit has accurate and reliable signal display when starting, running and stopping. 5.3.5 When the overload protector, pressure controller or temperature controller is activated to simulate the unit failure, the unit should be able to stop immediately and issue an auditory and (or) visual warning signal.
5.4 Electrical equipment
5.4.1 Insulation resistance test
For units with an input voltage below 500V, use a 500V insulation resistance meter to measure the insulation resistance between the live parts of the unit and the non-live parts that may be grounded; for units with an input voltage above 500V, use a 1000V insulation resistance meter to measure the insulation resistance between the live parts of the unit and the non-live parts that may be grounded. The above measurements should comply with the provisions of 4.4.1. 5.4.2 Withstand voltage test
After the insulation resistance test, a basic sinusoidal voltage with a frequency of 50Hz is applied between the live parts and the non-live metal parts of the unit. The effective value of the test voltage is 1.2 times (1000V + 10 times the rated voltage). The test time is 1s, and there is no breakdown or flashover (the components that have been subjected to the withstand voltage test can be disconnected).
For electrical components (such as semiconductor components, etc.) that cannot withstand high-voltage impact in the tests of 5.4.1 and 5.4.2, they should be removed from the circuit or short-circuited before the test.
5.4.3 Winding temperature test
When the unit is subjected to the cooling capacity or heat pump heating test in accordance with relevant regulations, the temperature of the motor winding is measured by the resistance method or other methods, which shall comply with the provisions of Table 2.
5.4.4 Water-spraying insulation test
Under normal use conditions, use a sprinkler that complies with relevant regulations to spray tap water on the outside of the unit at a precipitation rate of 3mm per minute from a direction of about 45° in a spraying manner for 1 hour, then stop spraying and carry out 5.4.1 insulation resistance test and 5.4.2 withstand voltage test, which shall comply with the provisions of 4.4.1 and 4.4.2 respectively. 5.4.5 Internal wiring, creepage distance and electrical clearance inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the following provisions: - Determine whether 4.4.5.1 meets its requirements through visual inspection and measurement; - Determine whether 4.4.5.2 and 4.4.5.3 meet their requirements through visual inspection, measurement or test; Determine whether 4.4.5.4 meets its requirements through visual inspection, measurement or test. 5.4.6 Grounding device
Check whether there is a grounding device that complies with the regulations on the motor or frame and at the site where the unit is used, and whether it meets the requirements of 4.4.6. 5.5 Noise
The noise value of the unit shall be measured in accordance with the provisions of the relevant standards, and the measured value shall not exceed the provisions of the relevant standards. 5.6 Refrigerant and lubricant filling and vapor emission Refrigerant and lubricant filling and vapor emission shall be checked in accordance with the following provisions: 1.6.1 Check the refrigerant and lubricant certificates and weigh them to determine whether they meet the requirements; if the refrigerant is replaced, check whether a new nameplate is installed.
4.6.2 In addition to the airtightness test in accordance with the provisions of 5.8.4, the ventilation area of ​​the machine room shall be checked in accordance with the provisions of 4.1.3 of GB9237-88 to see if it meets the requirements. 5.7 Defrosting
Adjust the air-cooled heat pump machine to the state where the heat exchanger surface on the outdoor side (heat source side) is most susceptible to frost. Under the specified defrosting conditions, continuously heat the heat pump for 417
JB8654—1997
. After the initial defrosting cycle is over, continue to run for 3 hours. This should meet the requirements of 4.7. 5.8 Others
5.8.1 Check the product quality certificate, nameplate and manufacturing license number of the pressure vessel, which should be accurate. 5.8.2 For the selection of materials, check the design drawings and technical documents approved according to the prescribed procedures, which should meet the requirements of 4.8.2. 5.8.3 Samples of thermal insulation materials should be taken for combustion tests and adhesion tests, which should meet the requirements of 4.8.3. 5.8.4 The air tightness test, vacuum test and hydraulic test on the water side of the unit shall be carried out in accordance with the test methods specified in the relevant standards. The test results shall comply with the provisions of the relevant standards.
5.8.5 When the unit is tested for air tightness, the color mark on the outside of the gas cylinder shall be carefully checked, and the gas cylinder shall be checked outdoors in accordance with relevant regulations to confirm that it is not oxygen, any flammable gas or flammable gas mixture before use (except for direct inflation with an air compressor). 5.8.6 When necessary, the design shall ensure that gas-liquid separation is carried out or dry steam is sucked into the compressor during operation. 5.8.7 4.8.7 is guaranteed by design and manufacturing. 5.8.8 After the impeller is tested for overspeed in accordance with the provisions of JB/T6443, check whether it meets the requirements of 4.8.8. 5.8.9 Perform a mechanical operation test on the compressor to check whether it meets the requirements of 4.8.9. 6 Usage information
Usage information consists of text, graphics, marks, signals or symbols, and it is an integral part of the unit supply. The operating information provided by the manufacturer of the unit shall comply with the requirements of 5.1 of GB/T15706.21995. The operating information of the unit is configured on the unit itself (such as signals, warning devices, signs, nameplates, etc.) and in the accompanying documents (especially in the instruction manual).
6.1 Signals and warning devices
Visual signals (such as flashing lights) and auditory signals (such as alarms) are used in situations where danger is about to occur. The signal shall meet the following requirements:
Issued before the dangerous situation occurs;
-The meaning is clear and easy to identify, and can be distinguished from other signals used, and can be detected in a timely and accurate manner.
The design and configuration of the signal and warning device should be easy to check. 6.2 Signs, symbols, and text warnings
Signs, symbols, and text warnings shall comply with the relevant requirements of 5.4 of GB/T15706.2-1995, and the signs shall at least include: the name of the manufacturer;
Unit model:
-Unit manufacturing number;
Main performance data.
6.3 Instruction manual - operation manual
6.3.1 The instruction manual shall include relevant contents to ensure the safe operation of the unit. 6.3.2 The preparation and publication of the instruction manual shall refer to relevant regulations. 418
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