Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Textile terms and definitions(Cotton)
This standard specifies the terms and definitions for cotton textile materials and their testing, defects, packaging and acceptance. 1 Raw materials
1.1 Raw materials terms
1.1.1 Fiber
1.1.1.1 Cotton
A general term for the fiber on the seeds of cotton plants, seed cotton and lint. 1.1.1.2 Seed cotton
The cotton petals with seeds picked from the cotton bolls.
1.1.1.3 Ginned lint
The fiber obtained by removing the cotton seeds from seed cotton through the cotton gin. 1.1.1.4 Raw cotton
Lint cotton used as spinning raw materials in textile factories. 1.1.1.5 types of cotton Types of cotton According to the fineness and length of cotton fibers, there are coarse staple cotton, fine staple cotton, long staple cotton, etc. 1.1.1.6 Coarse staple cotton short staple cotton, Asiatic cotton UDC 677.21
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Cotton with coarse and short fibers. Good elasticity, stiff hand feeling, lack of silk-like luster. Generally, the hand-pulled length is less than 23mm, and the fineness is about 2500~4000 metric counts.
1.1.1.7 Medium staple cotton, Upland cotton Cotton with finer fibers. It feels smoother and has a silk-like luster. Generally, the hand-pulled length is 23~33mm, and the fineness is about 4500~7000 metric counts.
1.1.1.8 Long staple cotton long staple cotton, Sea Island cotton Cotton with fine and long fibers. It feels smooth and soft, with a silk-like luster. Generally, the hand-pulled length is more than 33mm, and the fineness is more than 7000 metric count. Sea island cotton, sea-land hybrid cotton, etc. are long-staple cotton. 1.1.1.9 Color groups of cotton Color groups of cotton are types of cotton classified according to the growth conditions, color and appearance of cotton. There are white cotton, yellow cotton, gray cotton, etc. 1.1.1.10 White cotton white cotton
Cotton with normal boll growth and most of the fibers are white, milky white, dull white or slightly yellowish. 1.1.1.11 Yellow cotton
Cotton with poor maturity due to frost damage during the growth of the boll or due to other reasons. 1.1.1.12 Gray cotton gray cotton
Cotton with gray fibers due to insufficient sunlight when the boll grows or cracks, or due to rain, moisture, mildew, etc. Poor strength. 1.1.1.13 Ginning
Promulgated by the State Bureau of Standards on December 5, 1985
Implemented on September 1, 1986
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The process of mechanically separating the fibers from the seeds of seed cotton. 1.1.1.14 Roller ginned cotton Ginned cotton is ginned cotton processed by roller ginning machine. Generally, it contains more short lint and impurities than sawtooth cotton. 1.1.1.15 Saw ginned cotton Ginned cotton is ginned cotton processed by sawtooth ginning machine. Generally, it contains less short lint and impurities than roller ginned cotton. 1.1.1.16 Bolly cotton, snapped cotton Cotton stripped from cotton bolls that have not naturally cracked. 1.1.1.17 Stalk cotton
Stalk cotton obtained by pulling out the cotton stalk.
1.1.1.18 Dead cotton
Cotton bolls are damaged by frost, pests and diseases during growth, resulting in immature and stiff fibers. 1.1.t.19 Water-packed cotton Cotton that has been soaked in water during storage and transportation, and is light yellow or yellowish brown. 1.1.1.20 Fire damaged cotton Cotton that has been damaged by fire or lightning. 1.1.1.21 Scavenger waste, sweepings Cotton that has fallen to the ground and contaminated during the process of acquisition, baling, storage and transportation. 1.1.1.22 Cotton fibre
Fiber grown on the seeds of cotton plants. It has a central cavity and natural twists, and its cross section is an irregular oval shape. 1.1.1.23 Linters Short fibers stripped from the surface of cotton seeds after ginning by a linter. There are first-cut linter, second-cut linter, third-cut linter, etc. They can be used to make pulp, etc. 1.1.1.24 First-cut linter Cotton linter with a hand-pulled length of 13mm or more. Generally, it is first-cut linter. 1.1.1.25 Second-cut linter Cotton linter with a hand-pulled length of less than 13mm. Generally, it is second-cut linter, of which the weight of fibers 3mm or less accounts for 58% or less of the total weight.
1.1.1.26 Third-cut linter Cotton linter with a length of 3mm or less accounts for more than 58% of the total weight. Generally, it is third-cut linter. 1.1.2 Recycled cotton, recycled cotton, and noil
1.1.2.1 Recycled cotton
Noil used for spinning after treatment or without treatment. 1.1.2.2 Return waste
Semi-finished products removed from broken ends and joints in various processes before yarn formation, as well as semi-finished products taken out midway due to non-conformity or for testing. They can be mixed with raw cotton for reuse, including rewinding and sliver return. 1.1.2.3 Roller lap waste After the sliver, coarse yarn or fine yarn is broken, the sliver that continues to be sent out by the front roller and the leather roller is wound on the upper and lower leather rollers, velvet rollers, rollers, or sucked by the broken cotton suction device.
1.1.2.4 Droppings
Fibers and impurities separated from the cotton opening and cleaning machine or the carding machine and combing machine. Mainly including broken seeds, ground waste, belly waste, shaving waste and combing waste.
1.1.2.5 Picker waste
All the cotton waste under the dust grid of the cotton opening and cleaning machine. Contains more broken seeds and dust. 1.1.2.6 Card wastewww.bzxz.net
The short fibers and dust sucked out by the fan during the process of opening and cleaning the raw cotton. 106
1.1.2.7 Card waste
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The cotton waste under the carding machine. The cotton waste falling from the licker-in roller part of the rear carding machine is called the rear carding waste, and the cotton waste falling from the cylinder part of the front carding machine is called the front carding waste.
1.1.2.8 Card strips, strippingsThe general term for the two types of cotton waste on the carding machine, namely, the needle waste and the chopper waste. The needle waste is the cotton waste removed from the cylinder and doffer wire of the carding machine. The chopper waste is the cotton waste stripped off from the cover plate when the carding machine is running. 1.1.2.9 Combed noil
Short fibers and impurities separated after combing on the combing machine. 1.1.2.10 Crow waste Short fibers collected on the velvet rollers or velvet boards of the combing, combing, drawing, roving, spinning and other machines. 1.1.2.11 Cotton waste
A general term for oily cotton, ground cotton and noil. 1.2 Test
1.2.1 Cotton grade (lint grade) Cotton grade is a comprehensive indicator of the quality of cotton. It is evaluated by comparing with the physical standard. At present, fine-staple cotton is divided into grades 1 to 7, and long-staple cotton is divided into grades 1 to 5. The larger the grade, the worse the quality. 1.2.2 Factors of cotton grade The maturity, color characteristics, and rolling quality are used as the basis for evaluating cotton grade. 1.2.3 Physical standard for cotton grade The physical standard for each grade of roller cotton and sawtooth cotton is produced based on the cotton grade conditions and on the basis of each grade of seed cotton. It is used to compare and evaluate the cotton grade.
1.2.4 Blow-of-cotton
The cotton bolls mature and crack, and the seed cotton is exposed outside the bolls. Normal blowing is the main condition for the seed cotton grade and lint quality. 1.2.5 Ginning preparation The processed disc of cotton fiber ginned from seed cotton by cotton ginning machine. It is one of the main conditions for evaluating the grade of lint cotton. It is determined by the content of impurities, neps, yellow roots, cotton ropes, short fibers, etc. in the lint cotton and the appearance of the lint cotton. 1.2.6 Lint percentage ginning outturn The weight of lint cotton ginned out from seed cotton accounts for the percentage of the weight of seed cotton. 1.2.7 Seed index
The weight of 100 seeds of seed cotton in grams after ginning. 1.2.8 Lint index
The weight of 100 seeds of seed cotton in grams after ginning. 1.2.9 Tiaged linter content The weight of yellow roots in ginned cotton accounts for the percentage of the weight of ginned cotton. 1.2.10 Tied linter content
The weight of fibers longer than 12 mm stripped from cotton seeds after ginning accounts for the percentage of the weight of cotton seeds after ginning. 1.2.11 Stripping
The processing quality of cotton seed lint stripped from cotton seeds by a stripping machine. It is one of the classification conditions of cotton seed lint, determined by the number of cotton knots and cotton ropes contained in the cotton seed lint.
1.2.12 Sampling
Using tools to sample cotton for inspection from batches of cotton. 1.2.13 Maturity
The degree of maturity of cotton fiber growth. That is, the degree of cellulose filling and cell wall thickening in cotton fiber. Mature and normal cotton fiber has thicker cell wall, more natural twists, better strength and cohesion. 107
1.2.14 Maturity coefficient
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An indicator of cotton fiber maturity. It is a corresponding value set according to the ratio of the width of the cotton fiber cavity to the thickness of the cell wall. The smaller the ratio, the larger the maturity coefficient, indicating more maturity. 1.2.15 Lumen-cell-wall comparison method
A method for determining the maturity of cotton fibers by comparing the width of the lumen with the thickness of the cell wall. 1:2.16 Percentage of maturity by sodium hydroxide method An indicator of the maturity of cotton fibers. After the cotton fibers are treated with 18% sodium hydroxide solution, the fiber twist is observed under a microscope and the number of mature fibers is measured as a percentage of the total number of fibers observed. 1.2.17 Percentage of maturity by polarized-light method An indicator of the maturity of cotton fibers. According to the birefringence of the fibers, the color of different cell wall thicknesses is observed under a polarized light microscope and the number of mature fibers is measured as a percentage of the total number of fibers observed. 1.2.18 Lumen
During the growth of cotton fibers, the cell wall cellulose is deposited and thickened, leaving a cavity in the middle of the fiber. 1.2.19 Natural convotution The characteristic spiral-shaped twist of cotton fibers. It is formed when the fiber shrinks along the spiral structure when it grows and matures. 1.2.20 Spirality
The natural number of spirals per unit length (1cm) of cotton fiber. Generally about 30 to 150 turns/cm, the normal spirality of mature fibers is high, which is beneficial to the spinning process.
1.2.21 Micronaire reading The reading obtained on the scale of an airflow fineness meter is a relative value indicating the fineness of cotton fibers. 1.2.22 Bundle strength conversion coefficient
The coefficient used to convert the bundle fiber strength measured by the bundle fiber strength tester into the corresponding single fiber strength. 1.2.23 Pressley index The strength of cotton fibers measured by the Pressley bundle fiber strength tester. It is expressed in pounds per milligram of fixed-length fiber bundles (gauge is zero or 1/8 inch, etc.) (unit: pounds force/milligram).
1.2.24 Hand-pulling length Pulling staple length The length of cotton fiber measured by hand-pulling ruler. In mm, it is close to the main length. 1.2.25 Standards for staple [of cotton］ length The length is accurately measured by length analyzer combined with hand-pulling method, and a standard cotton sample with a certain length representative is made to calibrate the length test results.
1.2.26 Quality length
The average length of fibers above the main length in the cotton fiber length distribution. 1.2.27 Cardinality
An indicator of the uniformity of cotton fiber length when tested by roller length analyzer. It is the percentage of the weight of the main length group and its adjacent 5mm group to the total weight.
1.2.28 Length uniformity
An indicator used to compare the uniformity of cotton fiber lengths of different lengths. It is equal to the product of the main length of cotton fiber and the cardinality. 1.2.29 Short fibre content The percentage of the weight (or number) of short fibres shorter than a certain limit in cotton fibres to the total weight (or number of fibres). 1.2.30 Moisture in cotton The amount of water in cotton. Expressed as moisture content or regain. 1.2.31 Official moisture content of cotton The moisture content value specified for cotton. Currently, it is specified as 10%. When the moisture content is less than or exceeds the standard during trade, the weight will be deducted. If the moisture content exceeds the maximum limit (moisture content reaches 12% or more), it should be exposed to the sun. 108
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1.2.32 Shirley analyzer method The method of using a cotton impurity analyzer to check the impurity content of cotton. 1.2.33 Manual impurity method
The method of manually checking the impurity content of cotton. 1.2.34 Official trash content of cotton The trash content value specified for cotton. Currently, the standard trash content of roller cotton is 3%. The standard trash content of sawtooth cotton is 2.5%. When the trash content is measured during trade, if it is less than or exceeds the standard, a weight deduction will be made. 1.3 Impurities and defects
1.3.1 Cotton trash, foreign matter Non-fiber matter (including cotton fibers attached to it) mixed into lint cotton during picking, storage, transportation or ginning. Generally, it is easier to remove in the spinning process. For example, cotton seeds, seed cotton, broken seeds, small cotton branches, broken leaves, dust, infertile seeds, etc. 1. 3.2 Cotton defect Cotton defect is formed during the ginning process of cotton and exists in the appearance of the fiber itself. Generally, it is not easy to remove in the spinning process, such as cotton knots, cotton ropes, fiber seed crumbs, broken infertile seeds, etc. 1.3.3 Tinged linter
The yellow-brown lint on cotton seeds mixed with lint due to poor ginning. 1.3.4 Infertile seeds
Unfertilized cotton seeds. White in color, fan-shaped, with shorter fibers growing on the small center grain. 1. 3.5 Seed coat fragment Crushed cotton seed husk. Area of 2 mm2 and above, with or without fibers. 1.3.6 Bearded motes Small broken seed fragments with fibers. Area of less than 2 mm2. 1.3.7 Seed fragments
Fragments of broken seeds. Without fibers.
1.3.8 Soft seed coat
The coat of immature cotton seeds. Soft, thin, yellow-brown, usually with lint. 1.3.9 Ginned dead cotton Cotton flakes from pest-infected or immature dead cotton, or with broken seed shells. 1.3.10 Sugar fluff
Very immature dead fibers from dead cotton, broken and knotted into fluffy cotton flakes, or shiny flakes. 1.3.11 Nep
Nodes formed by entanglement of cotton fibers. Usually dark or light fine dots are formed after dyeing. 1.3.12 Curly cotton, stringy cotton Cotton fibers are tightly entangled and formed into strips, which are difficult to tear apart from the longitudinal direction. 1.4 Packaging and acceptance
1.4.1 Hard-pressed bale A cotton bale with a higher density is pressed by iron machinery. Each bale is about 150kg or more. 1.4.2 Half-pressed bale A cotton bale with a lower density is pressed by wooden machinery. Each bag is about 100kg. 1.4.3 Loose cotton
Cotton that is not packed but scattered and piled.
1.4.4 Raw cotton mark
A code mark that comprehensively indicates the color type, ginning method, grade, and length of raw cotton. For example, the mark of the fourth-grade sawtooth white cotton with a length of 27mm is 427.
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1.4.5 Inspection certificate for cotton Inspection certificate for cotton issued by the inspection agency is a certificate of the cotton quality and weight inspection results. It serves as the basis for acceptance and settlement. 1.4.6 Combined certificate
In the case of handover, trade or transportation, the inspection certificate is issued for the scattered cotton bales with the same color type, ginning method, grade, and length, and the moisture content difference within the specified range. 1.4.7 Separation of certificates
For handover, trade or transportation, several inspection certificates shall be issued for cotton bales with a large number of the same batch according to the original inspection results. 1.4.8 Re-examination
After the inspection of the inspection agency, the lint cotton shall be re-inspected due to the invalidation of the inspection certificate or other reasons. 2 Products
2.1 Product terms
2.1.1 Semi-finished products
2.1.1.1 Lap
After the raw cotton is opened, mixed and most of the impurities are removed by the cotton cleaning machine, it is condensed into a continuous and uniform cotton layer of a certain width and thickness, and then rolled into a roll under pressure.
2.1.1.2 Web
The cotton lap is combed and drawn by the carding machine, combing machine, etc., and the thin web-like cotton layer is formed at the output part. 2.1.1.3 Sliver
Strips of cotton fibers formed by combing, combing or drawing by drawing machine. 2.1.1.4 Carded sliver
Slivers made by carding machine. Most of the fibers are bent and not straight enough. 2.1.1.5 Combed slivers Slivers made by combing machine. The fibers are relatively straight. 2.1.1.6 Drawn sliver
Slivers made by drawing or drawing slivers of raw or combed cotton by drawing machine. The fibers are relatively straight and parallel. 2.1.2 Yarn
2.1.2.1 Grey cotton yarn Cotton yarn that has not been bleached or dyed and retains its original color. 2.1.2.2 Carded cotton yarn (carded cotton yarn, carded cotton yarn) Carded cotton yarn
Cotton yarn spun through the carding process without combing process. 2.1.2.3 Combed cotton yarn Combed cotton yarn Cotton yarn spun through the carding and combing process. 2.1.2.4 Semi-combed cotton yarn Cotton yarn spun through two carding or multiple drawing, or with less combing noil. 2.1.2.5 Dry twisted yarn Twisted yarn without wetting.
2.1.2.6 Wet twisted yarn Twisted yarn Twisted yarn with wetting.
2.1.2.7 Extra fine yarn
Very fine yarn with a fineness of 10 (tex) or less. 2.1.2.8 Fine yarn
Number of fineness between 11 and 20, relatively fine yarn.
2.1.2.9 Medium yarn
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Number of fineness between 21 and 31, between coarse yarn and fine yarn. 2.1.2.10 Coarse yarn
Number of fineness above 32, relatively coarse yarn. 2.1.3 Fabric
2.1.3.1 Carded [yarn] fabric Cotton fabric with carded cotton yarn as warp and weft.
2.1.3.2 Combed [yarn] fabric Cotton fabric with combed cotton yarn as warp and weft. 2.1.3.3 Semi-combed cotton fabric
Cotton fabric with semi-combed cotton yarn as warp and weft, or with combed cotton yarn and combed cotton yarn as warp and weft respectively. 2.1.3.4 Grey cotton cloth Cotton cloth woven from grey cotton yarn, without dyeing and finishing. 2.1.3.5 Printed and dyed cotton cloth
Cotton cloth that has undergone some processes such as bleaching, dyeing, printing, finishing, or all printing and dyeing processes. 2.1.3.6 Yarn-dyed cloth, coloured weave fabric Cotton cloth woven with coloured yarn as warp and weft. 2.1.3.7 Greige goods, greige cloth Grey cotton cloth for printing and dyeing.
2.1.3.8 Plain cloth
Cotton cloth woven with plain weave.
2.1.3.9 Coarse plain cloth
Plain cloth woven with coarse yarn as warp and weft.
2.1.3.10 Medium plain cloth
Plain cloth woven with medium yarn as warp and weft.
2.1.3.11 Fine plain cloth
Plain cloth woven with fine yarn as warp and weft.
2.1.3.12 Extra fine plain cloth
Plain cloth woven with extra fine yarn as warp and weft. 2.1.3.13 Plain cloth
Cotton cloth that has been scoured and desized but not mercerized. 2.1.3.14 Mercerized cottonclothCotton cloth that has been mercerized.
2.1.3.15 Poplin
A cotton fabric with medium and fine yarns as warp and weft, and granular warp yarn floating points on the surface. High warp density, low weft density, warp tightness above 60%, warp and weft tightness ratio close to 5:3,
2.1.3.16 Twills
Generally treated with mercerization technology, with a silk feel. Most of them are made of cotton fabrics with two-up, one-down or three-up, one-down twill weave. The texture is fine and clear, the warp tightness is above 60%, and the warp and weft tightness ratio is about 3:2.
2.1.3.17 Cotton serge
A cotton fabric with two-up, two-down twill weave. The warp tightness is about 55-70%, the warp and weft tightness ratio is about 6:5, the twill inclination angle is close to 45°, and the warp and weft density is relatively close.
2.1.3.18 Gaberdine is a cotton fabric with two-up and two-down twill weave. The twill inclination angle is about 60°, with high warp density and low weft density. The warp tightness is about 75-95%, and the warp and weft tightness ratio is close to 2:1. Its total tightness and twill inclination angle are between khaki and khaki. 111
2.1.3.19 Khaki drills, drilling GB 5705—85
It is a cotton fabric with twill weave. The warp density and warp tightness are relatively high, and the warp and weft tightness ratio is close to 2:1. It is often treated with mercerization. The one with blue-up and blue-down twill weave is single-faced khaki, and the one with two-up and two-down twill weave is double-faced khaki. 2.1.3.20 Satin drill is a cotton fabric with medium or fine yarn as warp and weft, and a satin weave weave. The warp density or weft density is relatively dense and shiny. It is divided into straight drill and horizontal drill. 2.1.3.21 Straight drill satin
is a cotton fabric with high warp density using warp satin weave. The warp tightness is greater than the weft tightness, and the warp-weft tightness ratio is close to 3:2. 2.1.3.22 Horizontal drill satin
is a cotton fabric with high weft density using weft satin weave. The weft tightness is greater than the warp tightness, and the warp-weft tightness ratio is close to 2:3. 2.1.3.23 Dimity hair cords is a cotton fabric with fine or medium yarn as warp and weft, single and double warps arranged alternately, and variable plain weave. The warp and weft density is relatively sparse, the warp-weft tightness ratio is close to 1:1, the warp yarn twist is relatively high, the appearance is longitudinal convex, and the cloth body is refreshing and stiff like linen fabric. 2.1.3.24 Satinet
is a cotton fabric with fine yarn as warp and weft and satin weave. The warp tightness is greater than the weft tightness, and it is treated with mercerization and electro-optical technology. It has a luster similar to satin.
2.1.3.25 Voile A thin cotton fabric woven with extra-fine or fine yarn as warp and weft. 2.1.3.26 Tussores
A thick cotton fabric woven with ply yarn as warp and weft and a plain weave. The surface has obvious concave and convex horizontal stripes and is relatively shiny. 2.1.3.27 Seersucker
Using medium and fine yarns as warp and weft, using double warp beams to make the tension of two groups of warp yarns different. Or printing alkali-containing printing paste on the fabric surface to cause different shrinkage, the fabric surface presents a concave and convex bubble shape. 2.1.3.28 Gingham
A wool-like cotton fabric woven with solid-color strands or colored strands as warp and weft. 2.1.3.29 Corduroy
A velvet cotton fabric with strands as warp and single yarn as weft, with a double weft structure. High weft density, after cutting the velvet, the fabric surface has obvious concave and convex velvet strips in the warp direction.
2.1.3.30 Canvas, duck
A single-layer or multi-layer plain or twill fabric woven with multiple strands as warp and weft. Thicker, divided into coarse and fine (or heavy and light) canvas according to the number of strands used and the weight of the fabric. 2.1.3.31 Flannelette
A cotton fabric with plain or twill weave, using cotton yarns of different numbers as warp and weft. The weft yarn has less twist, and after being scraped, the surface of the weft yarn is pulled into fluff. There are two types of velvet: single-faced velvet and double-faced velvet. 2.1.3.32 Velveteen [cotton] Velveteen uses medium-sized yarns as warp and weft, and is woven into a double-layer fabric with special warp and weft yarns. A velvety cotton fabric with short and dense fluff on the surface after cutting the velvet.
2.1.3.33 Denim
A twill fabric woven with coarser yarns as warp and weft. Generally, the warp yarns are dyed dark blue, and the weft yarns are mostly natural or light colors. 2.1.3.34 Cotton flag cloth
Printed and dyed cotton cloth for making national flags, with medium yarn as warp and weft, plain weave, and printed with national flag patterns. The warp and weft density are close. Good weather resistance and color fastness.
2.2 Tests
2.2.1 Yarn test
2.2.1.1 Grade of cotton yarn112
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Comprehensive index of cotton yarn quality. Including grade and quality. 2.2.1.2 Index of cotton yarn quality
Indicator items for evaluating cotton yarn quality. Including quality index, weight unevenness and weight deviation. 2.2.1.3 Index of cotton yarn quality
Indicator items for evaluating cotton yarn quality. Including yarn uniformity and cotton knots, impurities, etc. 2.2.1.4 Conditioned weight of cotton yarn The weight of 100 m of cotton yarn at the standard moisture regain of 8.5%. It can be calculated from the standard number of the yarn: Standard number of cotton yarn × 100
Standard weight of 100 m of cotton yarn (g) =
2.2.1.5 Standard dry weight of cotton yarn
Dry weight of 100 m of cotton yarn calculated based on the standard moisture regain and standard number. Standard dry weight of 100 m of cotton yarn (g)
2.2.1.6 Simple rolling expansion
Standard number of cotton yarn × 10
100+standard moisture regain
The difference between the length of the bobbin and the length of the bobbin after the winding and reeling process to the percentage of the length of the bobbin. 2.2.2 Fabric test
2.2.2.1 Grade of cotton cloth Grade of cotton cloth is assessed based on the physical indexes, neps, impurities and surface defects of cotton cloth. 2.2.2.2 Defect grid
When inspecting cotton cloth for neps and impurities using a glass plate engraved with 15×15 small squares of 1cm2, there are grids with defects. 2.2.2.3 Defect grid percentage
When inspecting cotton cloth for neps and impurities, the percentage of defect grids to the total number of grids observed. 2.2.2.4 Similar fabric samples
When inspecting printed and dyed cotton cloth for color difference defects, the fabric samples used for comparison have the same composition fibers and fabric organization as the actual production samples. 2.2.2.5 Reference samples
When inspecting printed and dyed cotton cloth for color difference defects, the fabric samples used for comparison have different composition fibers and fabric organization from the actual production samples. 2.3 Symptoms
2.3.1 Yarn paralysis
2.3.1.1 Weak twist (weak twist, loose twist)
The twist of the yarn is lower than the specified range.
2.3.1.2 Strong twist (strong twist, tight twist)
The twist of the yarn is higher than the specified range.
soft twist
hard twist
2.3.1.3 Thick place slubs, slugs The diameter of the yarn is thicker than the normal yarn section (generally refers to more than 2 times the specified diameter). 2.3.1.4 Thin place
The diameter of the yarn is thinner than the normal yarn section (generally refers to less than 1/2 of the specified diameter). 2.3.1.5 Coal-dust stained yarn Coal-dust stained yarn
2.3.1.6 Debris attached to gout
Debris such as flying flowers and yarn ends are entangled in the yarn. 2.3.1.7 Multi-ply
The number of single yarns in the ply is more than the specified number.
(2)
2.3.1.8 Deficient ply
The number of single yarns in the ply is less than the specified number.
2.3.1.9 Yarn number confusion
Yarns of different numbers are mixed in the production process. GB 5705—85
2.3.1.10 Winder doubling When winding a single yarn, part of the yarn is wound up by mistake. Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Textile Industry of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Textile Industry. This standard was drafted by Shanghai Textile Research Institute, and was jointly drafted by Shanghai Cotton Textile Company, Beijing Cotton Printing Company, and Shanghai Textile Bureau Metrology and Standards Institute.
The main drafters of this standard are Xiong Datong and Zhu Shouheng. 11.6 Simple shaking expansion rate
The public name of cotton yarn×10
100+public regain
The difference between the length of the tube yarn and the length of the tube yarn after winding and shaking the yarn to become a hank yarn is the percentage of the tube yarn length. 2.2.2 Fabric test
2.2.2.1 Grade of cotton cloth The grade of cotton cloth is evaluated based on the physical indicators, cotton knots, impurities and defects of the cotton cloth. 2.2.2.2 Defect grid
When inspecting cotton knots and impurities on cotton cloth using a glass plate engraved with 15×15 small squares of 1cm2, the grid with defects. 2.2.2.3 Defect grid percentage
When inspecting cotton knots and impurities on the cloth surface, the percentage of the number of defect grids to the total number of grids observed. 2.2.2.4 Similar fabric samples
When inspecting the color difference defects of printed and dyed cotton fabrics, the fabric samples used for comparison shall have the same constituent fibers and fabric organization as the actual production samples. 2.2.2.5 Reference samples
When inspecting the color difference defects of printed and dyed cotton fabrics, the fabric samples used for comparison shall have different constituent fibers and fabric organization as the actual production samples. 2.3 Symptoms
2.3.1 Yarn paralysis
2.3.1.1 Under-twisted (weak twist, loose twist)
The twist of the yarn is lower than the specified range.
2.3.1.2 Over-twisted (strong twist, tight twist)
The twist of the yarn is higher than the specified range.
soft twist
hard twist
2.3.1.3 Thick place slubs, slugs Segments of yarn with a diameter thicker than normal yarn (generally refers to more than 2 times the specified diameter). 2.3.1.4 Thin place
Segments of yarn with a diameter thinner than normal yarn (generally refers to less than 1/2 of the specified diameter). 2.3.1.5 Coal-dust stained yarn Yarn with coal-dust adsorbed on it.
2.3.1.6 Gout
Impurities such as flying flowers and yarn ends are entangled in the yarn. 2.3.1.7 Multi-ply
The number of single yarns in a ply is more than the specified number.
(2)
2.3.1.8 Deficient ply
The number of single yarns in a ply is less than the specified number.
2.3.1.9 Yarn number confusion
Yarns of different numbers are mixed in the production process. GB 5705—85
2.3.1.10 Winder doubled yarn When winding a single yarn, part of the yarn is wound up by mistake. Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Textile Industry of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Textile Industry. This standard is drafted by the Shanghai Textile Science Research Institute and jointly drafted by Shanghai Cotton Spinning Company, Beijing Cotton Printing Company, and Shanghai Textile Bureau Metrology and Standards Institute.
The main drafters of this standard are Xiong Datong and Zhu Shouheng. 11.6 Simple shaking expansion rate
The public name of cotton yarn×10
100+public regain
The difference between the length of the tube yarn and the length of the tube yarn after winding and shaking the yarn to become a hank yarn is the percentage of the tube yarn length. 2.2.2 Fabric test
2.2.2.1 Grade of cotton cloth The grade of cotton cloth is evaluated based on the physical indicators, cotton knots, impurities and defects of the cotton cloth. 2.2.2.2 Defect grid
When inspecting cotton knots and impurities on cotton cloth using a glass plate engraved with 15×15 small squares of 1cm2, the grid with defects. 2.2.2.3 Defect grid percentage
When inspecting cotton knots and impurities on the cloth surface, the percentage of the number of defect grids to the total number of grids observed. 2.2.2.4 Similar fabric samples
When inspecting the color difference defects of printed and dyed cotton fabrics, the fabric samples used for comparison shall have the same constituent fibers and fabric organization as the actual production samples. 2.2.2.5 Reference samples
When inspecting the color difference defects of printed and dyed cotton fabrics, the fabric samples used for comparison shall have different constituent fibers and fabric organization as the actual production samples. 2.3 Symptoms
2.3.1 Yarn paralysis
2.3.1.1 Under-twisted (weak twist, loose twist)
The twist of the yarn is lower than the specified range.
2.3.1.2 Over-twisted (strong twist, tight twist)
The twist of the yarn is higher than the specified range.
soft twist
hard twist
2.3.1.3 Thick place slubs, slugs Segments of yarn with a diameter thicker than normal yarn (generally refers to more than 2 times the specified diameter). 2.3.1.4 Thin place
Segments of yarn with a diameter thinner than normal yarn (generally refers to less than 1/2 of the specified diameter). 2.3.1.5 Coal-dust stained yarn Yarn with coal-dust adsorbed on it.
2.3.1.6 Gout
Impurities such as flying flowers and yarn ends are entangled in the yarn. 2.3.1.7 Multi-ply
The number of single yarns in a ply is more than the specified number.
(2)
2.3.1.8 Deficient ply
The number of single yarns in a ply is less than the specified number.
2.3.1.9 Yarn number confusion
Yarns of different numbers are mixed in the production process. GB 5705—85
2.3.1.10 Winder doubled yarn When winding a single yarn, part of the yarn is wound up by mistake. Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Textile Industry of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Textile Industry. This standard is drafted by the Shanghai Textile Science Research Institute and jointly drafted by Shanghai Cotton Spinning Company, Beijing Cotton Printing Company, and Shanghai Textile Bureau Metrology and Standards Institute.
The main drafters of this standard are Xiong Datong and Zhu Shouheng. 11.
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