This standard specifies the items, time, location and method for measuring natural lighting conditions in buildings on sunny days. This standard applies to completed production and living buildings. GB/T 13378-1992 Sunny Day Lighting Measurement Method GB/T13378-1992 Standard Download Decompression Password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the items, time, location and method for measuring natural lighting conditions in buildings on sunny days. This standard applies to completed production and living buildings.

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Method of daylighting measurements under clear skies
Method of daylighting measurements under clear skies1Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 13378—92
This standard specifies the items, time, place and method for measuring the natural lighting conditions in buildings. This standard applies to completed production and living buildings.2Referenced standards
GB5697 Ergonomic lighting terminology
3Measurement items
3.1Illuminance of each point on the indoor working surface; total illuminance on the outdoor unobstructed surface, skylight illuminance and direct sunlight illuminance. 3.2Radiance coefficient of interior walls, ceilings and indoor main equipment, 3.3Light transmittance coefficient of lighting materials.
3.4Brightness of each indoor surface (add skylight brightness if necessary). 4 Measuring instruments
4.1 Illuminance meter
4.1.1 Photoelectric illuminance meter of level 2 or above should be used for lighting measurement. 4.1.2 Illuminance meter should be calibrated according to JJG245-81 illuminance meter. 4.2 Luminance meter
4.2.1 Photoelectric width meter should be used for lighting measurement. 4.2.2 Luminance meter should be calibrated according to JJG211-80 luminance meter. 5 Illuminance measurement
5.1 Measuring conditions
5.1.1 Illumination measurement should be carried out on a cloudless day. Note: Cloudless refers to the sky condition when the cloud cover is 0-2 levels, the clouds do not block the sun, and the sky condition cannot be seen through the window from the room. 5.1.2 Illuminance measurement should be carried out at 49:00 a.m. before and after the winter solstice and the summer solstice, and the measurement should be recorded once at 12:00 noon and 3:00 a.m. respectively, so as to compare the different lighting effects in different seasons and at different times. 5.2 Outdoor illuminance measurement
5.2.1 When measuring outdoor horizontal surface illuminance, the receiver should be placed in a horizontal position. 5.2.2 Measure the total illuminance and sky light illuminance for outdoor illuminance. The difference between the two grids is the direct sunlight illuminance. 5.2.3 When measuring the sky light illuminance on the outdoor horizontal surface, use a light-shielding ball to block the sunlight. 5.2.4 The size of the light-shielding ball should be such that the receiver is completely in the bright shadow. The surface of the ball is painted black. The distance between it and the receiver should be greater than 0.m. The support should be as strong as possible.
GB/T 13378--92
5.2.5 The outdoor illuminance measurement point should be selected in an open space without shielding or on the top of a building. The distance between the receiver and the surrounding buildings or other shielding objects should be greater than times the height of the shielding object. 5.2.6 When measuring illuminance, the operator should wear light clothing and stay away from the receiver to prevent blocking and reflection. 5.2.7 The outdoor illuminance measurement should be carried out for 1 to 2 hours during the illuminance measurement. 5.3 Indoor illuminance measurement
5.3.1 Working area - Take the horizontal plane 1m above the ground as the assumed working surface, the passage can take the ground or the horizontal plane 0.15m above the ground, or other working surfaces can be selected according to actual conditions. 5.3.2 Indoor illuminance can be measured by selecting representative indoor working areas or the entire indoor equidistant points. The example of equidistant point arrangement is shown in Figure 1. +
Figure 1 Example of equidistant point arrangement
1.- Measurement point spacing (2 to 1 m): f Measurement point spacing (1 m) 5.33 Measurement point spacing is 2 to 4m for large rooms and 2m for small rooms. The measurement point positions are arranged symmetrically with the daylighting opening as the axis. 5.3.4 The distance between the starting point and the wall or column is 1 m. 5.3.5 In order to prevent the sun's position from changing too much during the measurement period, which may affect the indoor illuminance too much, the time for measuring illuminance at work is limited to 30 minutes before and after the specified time; the time for measuring illuminance at noon is limited to 1 hour before and after noon. 5.3.6 The measurement personnel should wear dark clothing and stay away from the receiver when working. 5.4 Measurement method
5.4.1 The receiver should be placed horizontally or flat on the actual working surface during measurement. 5.4.2 Before using the photoelectric illuminance timer for measurement, the receiver should be exposed to light for 2 minutes before measurement can be started. 6 Brightness measurement
6.1 Measure the brightness of various indoor surfaces, including the daylighting window, the sunshade, the ground, the indoor equipment and the working surface. If the sun shines into the room, a point should also be selected on the illuminated surface for measurement. 6.2 When measuring the width of the daylighting opening, the sky (if the visible sky area is large, more points should be selected), outdoor buildings, trees and window frames, etc., which can be seen through the daylighting, should be measured separately, and the area ratio of the daylighting opening occupied by them should be estimated. 6.3 The brightness of the identification object and the surrounding background should be measured separately, and the surface characteristics of the identification object, the direction of the incident light and the observer's line of sight should be recorded.
6.4 When measuring brightness, the brightness meter should be placed in the position and direction where visual work is most frequent. The height is generally based on the observer's eye height (1.2 ml when sitting and 1.5 m when standing). For special venues, it should be determined according to actual conditions. 6.5 If necessary, the sky brightness should be measured. The brightness of each point in the sky can be measured every 45° azimuth (measured from the position of the sun) and every 10° altitude.
7 Measurement of reflection coefficient and transmittance
7. 1 Measurement of reflection coefficient
GB/T 13378—92
7.1.1 The reflection coefficient of indoor surfaces can be directly obtained by comparing with reflection coefficient samples and using reflection coefficient meters. 7.1.2 The reflection coefficient of indoor surfaces can also be measured with an illuminance meter. Select a surface to be measured that is not affected by point light, place the illuminance meter receiver close to a certain position of the surface to be measured, measure its incident illuminance, then align the photosensitive surface of the receiver with the original position of the surface to be measured, gradually move it away, and read the reflection code after the illuminance is stable. The measurement diagram is shown in Figure 2. When the receiving position is fixed at H, move in the direction of measurement, and measure E: When the receiving position is fixed at H, the receiving position is monitored. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of reflection coefficient measurement. According to formula (1), the reflection coefficient is obtained: Where: reflected illuminance, Ix; incident illuminance, Ix, 713 The reflection coefficient can also be calculated using formula (2) using the illuminance E and brightness L of the measured surface: Where: F - illuminance Ix of the measured surface; L - brightness of the measured surface, cd/m2. 7.1.4 When measuring E, E, E, and L, no shadow of the instrument or the measurer should appear on the surface. 19
（2）
7.1.5 For each test object, 3 to 5 measuring points should be selected, and their reflectance coefficients should be calculated and then the half-mean value of the section should be taken as the reflectance coefficient value of the surface.
7.2 Measurement of light transmittance
7.2.1 Under the condition of first-beam sunlight, measure the illuminance of both sides of the light-transmitting material at the illuminance measurement point. The measuring points on the net side should be on the same axis. The measurement method is shown in Figure 3. The light transmittance of the material is calculated according to formula (3). (
In the formula; . — illuminance of the inner measuring point lx
E, — illuminance of the outer measuring point, 1x.
GB/T 13378-92
When measuring E, the key position
Measure E, Receive the solution position,
Translucent material
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of light transmittance determination method
7.2.2 If there is no direct sunlight on the window, the reflection coefficient can be measured according to 5.2.1. You can also select 3 to 5 representative transparent materials as test pieces and measure their light transmittance with a light transmittance meter in the laboratory (at this time, measures should be taken during the removal and transportation of the test pieces to maintain the original condition of the test pieces). 7.2.3 For each piece of transparent material, one or more measuring points can be selected to measure its light transmittance, and then the arithmetic average of the light transmittance of each measuring point is used as the material. Transmittance of the material
8 Measurement results
Fill the measurement results into 1+2. Table 3, 8.1 Data collation
8.1.1. Calculate the solar altitude and azimuth during measurement according to the relevant charts or calculation formulas. 8.1.2 Obtain the atmospheric transparency (or visibility) during measurement from the meteorological station (station) near the measurement site. 8.1.3 Illuminance curve: Mark the measurement point location on the surface map and mark the measured illuminance value next to it. You can also draw an equal illumination curve based on this and mark the solar altitude and azimuth during measurement next to the map. 8.1.4 Indoor density distribution diagram: The brightness of each surface can be marked directly on the indoor perspective diagram or on the photograph taken, and the measurement time should be noted next to the diagram.
Table 1 Record of daylight measurement
City name
Place name
Tree type
Lighting type
Window structure material
Window and ground
Evaluation of light effect
Side window area
Large window area
Ground vertical area
Wall material color (reflection coefficient)
Ceiling material color (reflection coefficient)
Ground material color (reflection coefficient)
Window light-transmitting material (transmission coefficient)
Surface pollution degree
m\, Window-to-ground ratio:
m2, Window-to-ground ratio:
Note: The plan and section drawings of the measurement site should include: orientation, measurement point location, spacing, height, height of surrounding obstructions, and distance. Location name:
Measurement time:
Sky conditions:bzxZ.net
Model and number of measuring instrument: Indoor
Illuminance measurement result
Average value of illuminance card
Minimum illuminance value
Illuminance uniformity
Measurer:
Surface name
Working surface
Surface of work object
Surface exposed to sunlight
Measurement month:
Measurer:|| tt||Measured value
GB/T1337892
2 Record table for light measurement illumination
, external
Corrected value
Table and brightness record table
Measured value
Corrected value
Additional instructions:
This standard is proposed by the State Administration of Technical Supervision
GB/T13378-92
This standard is submitted by the National Technical Committee for Ergonomics Standardization. This standard was drafted by Chongqing Institute of Architecture and Engineering, China Academy of Building Research and Tianjin University, and the main drafters of this standard are Yang Guang and Lin Ruorui.
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