JB/T 5314-1991 Rolling bearing vibration (acceleration) measurement method
Some standard content:
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Rolling Bearings
Subject Content and Scope of Application
Vibration (Acceleration) Measurement Method
JB/T5314-1991
This standard specifies the vibration (acceleration) measurement method for deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, tapered roller bearings, and cylindrical roller bearings with a nominal inner diameter of 10~120mm.
This standard is applicable to bearing manufacturers and users to detect bearing vibration (acceleration). 2
Reference Standard
GB1922
Classification of Rolling BearingswwW.bzxz.Net
Machine Oil
Solvent Oil
3 Terms, Definitions and Physical Quantities
1 Terms, Definitions
3.1.1 Bearing Vibration
During operation, the elastic deformation of bearing parts that changes with time and all other movements that deviate from the theoretical position except for the movement required for the bearing function are called bearing vibration. 3.1.2 Vibration Acceleration Level
The common logarithm of the ratio of the root mean square value of the vibration acceleration within a certain frequency band to the reference acceleration value, multiplied by 20, is called the vibration acceleration level.
3.1.3 Bearing Vibration Acceleration Level
When the bearing axis is horizontal, the inner ring of the bearing rotates and the outer ring is stationary. The radial vibration acceleration level at a point at half the width of the outer cylindrical surface of the outer ring is the bearing vibration acceleration level. 3.1.4 Basic vibration acceleration level
After the motor of the drive device is started, the maximum value of the vibration acceleration level measured at each point of the housing supporting the rotating main shaft of the measuring system without installing the measured bearing is the basic vibration acceleration level of the system. 5 Acceleration sensor system
A device composed of accelerometers and mechanical elements that converts the acceleration (mechanical quantity) that characterizes the vibration of the bearing into the corresponding electrical quantity (charge or voltage) and feeds it to the electronic measuring instrument is called an acceleration sensor system. 3.2 Physical quantities and units
The physical quantity of the measured bearing vibration is the bearing vibration acceleration level. The units of vibration acceleration level, bearing vibration acceleration level and basic vibration acceleration level are all expressed in "decibels" (dB). Zero "decibel" corresponds to one thousandth of the value of the earth's gravity acceleration. The calculation formula of "decibel" number is: Approved by the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry on June 25, 1991 and implemented on July 1, 1992
JB/T5314-1991
L=201og
Where: Q—Root mean square value of vibration velocity within a certain rate range, m/s; α——9.81×10-m/s2, which is the reference acceleration. Bearing vibration (acceleration) measurement method
4.1 Basic measurement conditions
4.1.1 Measurement environment
To avoid external interference affecting the measurement results, the measurement site should be away from electric fields, magnetic fields and vibration sources. The measurement environment should be kept clean, and no dust, impurities, etc. should enter the measured bearing. The ambient temperature of the measurement site should be within the range of 10~30C, and the relative humidity should be 40%~60%. 4.1.2 Measuring point and direction
Select measuring points on the outer cylindrical surface of the bearing outer ring. The measuring points should be located on the plane containing the center of the raceway. The measuring direction is along the radial direction of the bearing and perpendicular to the geometric centerline of the bearing.
4.1.3 Speed of the measured bearing
The outer ring of the measured bearing is stationary, and the inner ring rotates. The speed of the bearing with an inner diameter of 10~60mm is 1500±30r/min, and the speed of the bearing with an inner diameter of 65~120mm is 1000±20r/min.
4.1.4 Load borne by the measured bearing
The deadweight of the measured bearing and the contact load between the acceleration sensor system and the measured bearing are not included in the load borne by the measured bearing. 2 When measuring the vibration of deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings and tapered roller bearings, a synthetic central axial load is applied to them. The load size is shown in Table 1.
When measuring the vibration of short cylindrical roller bearings, apply a synthetic radial load to them. The load size is shown in Table 1. Table 1
Bearing nominal inner diameter
>30~40
>40~60
>80-120
4. 1.4. 4
4. 1. 4. 5
Deep groove ball bearing
Composite central axial load
Angular contact ball bearing
Q≤25°
25≤45%
National tapered roller bearing
Composite radial load
Cylindrical roller bearing
The coaxiality tolerance between the line of action of the applied composite central axial load and the geometric axis of the bearing shall not exceed 0.20mm, as shown in Figure 1
The coaxiality tolerance between the line of action of the applied composite radial load and the reference straight line shown in Figure 2 shall be less than 0.20mm. The reference line is an ideal straight line passing through the geometric center of the bearing outer ring and perpendicular to the bearing axis and the horizontal plane. 2
4.1.5 Mechanical device of the measurement system
JB/T5314-1991
The mechanical device includes a drive device that makes the spindle rotate at a certain speed, a spindle for mounting the bearing, an axial load loading device and a radial load loading device, and a mounting device for the acceleration sensor system. 4.1.5.1 The basic vibration acceleration level of the drive device for measuring the vibration of bearings with an inner diameter less than or equal to 60mm should be less than 10dB, and the basic vibration acceleration level of the drive device for measuring the vibration of bearings with an inner diameter greater than 60mm should be less than 15dB. Figure 1
4.1.5.2 The axis of the spindle system that installs and drives the inner ring of the bearing to rotate is a horizontal straight line that is stationary relative to the ground, and serves as a rigid reference system for the fixed axis rotation motion of the bearing.
4.1.5.3 The spindle speed must meet the requirements of Article 4.1.3. 4.1.5.4 The hardness of the mandrel matched with the inner diameter of the bearing is 62~66HRC, and the matching tolerance of the mandrel and the inner diameter of the bearing adopts the limit deviation of g5. 4.1.5.5 The cone of the mandrel and the taper hole of the spindle should ensure good contact. After the mandrel and the spindle are combined, the radial total runout should be less than 5μm, and the end face total runout should be less than 10um.
JB/T5314-1991
4.1.5.6 The functions of the axial load loading device and the radial load loading device are as follows: a. The composite load applied to the stationary outer ring of the tested bearing shall meet the requirements of 4.1.4.2~4.1.4.5; b. In addition to being able to apply a composite load to the outer ring of the bearing to ensure the macroscopic stationary state of the outer ring of the bearing, it should also become a separation system between the bearing and the mechanical device, that is, the vibration of the outer ring is not disturbed by the mechanical device but is only caused by the operating state of the bearing. 4.1.5.7 The installation device of the acceleration sensor system should ensure that: a. The coaxiality between the contact load action line of the vibration transmission rod of the acceleration sensor system and the bearing and the reference straight line shown in Figure 2 is less than 0.20mm;
b. The contact load between the vibration transmission rod and the outer cylindrical surface of the bearing is 5.0~10.0N. 4.1.6 Characteristics of the acceleration sensor system
4.1.6.1 Piezoelectric accelerometers are used uniformly, and the accelerometers must be calibrated once a year. 2 To ensure the high sensitivity of the acceleration sensor system, the charge sensitivity of the piezoelectric accelerometer used should be greater than 1pC/m/s. 4.1.6.2
In the frequency range of 50Hz~10kHz, the fluctuation range of the frequency response curve of the acceleration sensor system is less than 1.0dB. 4 In the measured bearing vibration acceleration level range (30~80dB), the amplitude linearity of the acceleration sensor should be less than 5%. 4.1.6.4
: The resonant frequency of the acceleration sensor system should be greater than 10kHz. 4.1.6.5
4.1.6.6 In the frequency range of 50Hz~10kHz, the following characteristics of the acceleration sensor system must be good, and the energy loss transmitted should be less than 5%.
4.1.6.7 The environmental adaptability of the acceleration sensor system, that is, the change rate of its various characteristic indicators under factors such as temperature, humidity, electric field, magnetic field, etc. should be less than 1%.
The acceleration sensor system should be calibrated once a year. 4.1.7 Characteristics of electronic measuring instruments
4.1.7.1 Within the frequency range of 50Hz~10kHz, the fluctuation of the frequency response curve of the instrument should be less than 1.0dB. 2 The dynamic range of the electronic instrument should be 20~80dB. 4.1.7.2
4.1.7.3 Within the dynamic range of the electronic instrument, its signal-to-noise ratio should be greater than 80dB. 4.1.7.4 Within the dynamic range of the electronic instrument, the amplitude linear error of the instrument should be less than 5%. 5 Other technical indicators of the electronic instrument (such as shift error, voltage fluctuation indication stability, etc.) should comply with the provisions of relevant technical standards. 4.1.7.5
4.1.7.6 Within the frequency range of 50Hz~10kHz, the fluctuation of the comprehensive frequency response curve of the electronic measuring instrument and the acceleration sensor system should be less than 1.5dB.
4.1.7.7 The linear error of the integrated amplitude of the electronic measuring instrument and the acceleration sensor system within the frequency range of 50Hz~10kHz should be less than 7%.
3 Electronic instruments should be calibrated regularly.
4.1.8 Cleaning and lubrication of bearings
1 Bearings that are lubricated once (such as double-sided sealed bearings) do not need to be cleaned or re-lubricated, and should be measured in the original sealed state.
4.1.8.2 Bearings that are not lubricated once (including single-sided dust cover bearings and single-sided sealed bearings) should be cleaned in an appropriate cleaning agent. The working surface of the bearing after cleaning should be free of dust, foreign matter and flexible in rotation. The measurement value of the bearing cleaned with NY-120 solvent gasoline (see GB1922) shall prevail.
JB/T5314-1991
4.1.8.3After the bearing is completely dried after cleaning, use machine oil (see GB443) to fully lubricate the working surface. The lubrication method used should ensure that there is no dust, impurities or other foreign matter to contaminate the bearing. 4.1.8.4At the ambient temperature during measurement, the (kinematic) viscosity of the machine oil used to lubricate the bearing is 80~150mm/s. The recommended lubricating oil grades for use at different ambient temperatures are selected according to Table 2. Table 2
Working ambient temperature
>20-30
4.2 Measurement procedure
Recommended lubricating oil grades
20# machine oil
30# machine oil
4.2.1When installing the bearing for deep groove ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings, make the end face close to the shaft shoulder, and randomly select three different positions on the outer cylindrical surface of the bearing for measurement according to the provisions of Article 4.1.2. Then make the other end face close to the shaft shoulder and measure three points. For angular contact ball bearings and tapered roller bearings, install the bearings in the direction that can withstand axial loads, and make the inner ring end face close to the shaft shoulder, and measure three points. 4.2.2 Under the specified measurement conditions, run the bearing for a period of time to obtain a stable vibration state of the bearing. The bearing vibration value should be read in this state corresponding to each measurement position. 4.2.3
Use the root mean square value (RMS value) gear of the instrument to read the measurement results. 4.3 Determination of bearing vibration acceleration level
When the measurement unit is decibel (dB), take the arithmetic mean of all the measured values of each set of bearings as the vibration acceleration level of the bearing. 4.3.1
When the measurement unit is a commonly used acceleration unit, such as "m/s2" (RMS value), the arithmetic average of all the measured values of each set of bearings shall be taken as the vibration acceleration (root mean square value) of the measured bearing. Substituting it into formula (1), the "decibel" number obtained is the vibration acceleration level of the bearing.
4.3.3When there is a significant difference in the vibration measured values on both sides of the bearing, the larger average value of the three points measured on each end face of the measured bearing shall be taken as the vibration acceleration level of the bearing.
Additional Notes:
This standard was proposed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Rolling Bearings and drafted by Luoyang Bearing Research Institute. The main drafter of this standard is Jia Zhiping.
People's Republic of China
Mechanical Industry Standard
Vibration (Acceleration) Measurement Method
Rolling Bearings
JB/T 5314-1991
Published by the China Academy of Mechanical Science
Printed by the China Academy of Mechanical Science
(No. 2, Shouti South Road, Beijing
Postal Code: 100044)
Format: 880×1230
Printing Sheet: 5/8
Word Count: 10,000
First Edition: August 1991
First Printing: August 1991
Print Quantity: 1—2000
Price: RMB 1.00
Mechanical Industry Standards Service Network: http://www.JB.ac.cn1661_
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