This standard specifies the general methods and technical requirements for penetrant testing of nuclear fuel assembly parts and weld surface opening defects. This standard applies to penetrant testing of nuclear fuel assembly parts (end plugs, tube sockets, etc.) and weld surface defects. GB/T 15147-1994 Penetrant testing method for nuclear fuel assembly parts GB/T15147-1994 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Liquld penetrant examination for component parts of nuclear fuel assemblies1 Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 15147--94
This standard specifies the general methods and technical requirements for penetrant examination of surface opening defects of nuclear fuel component parts and welds. This standard applies to penetrant examination of surface defects of nuclear fuel component parts (end plugs, tube sockets, etc.) and welds. 2 Referenced standards
GJB593.4 Nondestructive testing quality control specification penetrant examination 3 Method summary
Before penetrant examination, the oxide scale, grease, dirt and other attachments on the surface to be inspected must be thoroughly removed, and the penetrant must be applied. After the specified residence time, the excess penetrant must be completely removed. After the surface of the inspected part is dry, the developer is used for development. According to the development traces, determine whether there are defects.
4 Equipment, instruments and standard blocks
Equipment, instruments and standard blocks shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GJB593.4. 5 Reagents
5.1 Principles for the selection of reagents
5.1.1 The selection of reagents shall be determined based on the technical requirements for the penetration inspection of fuel assembly parts, the types of defects to be inspected and the sensitivity requirements for the inspection.
5.1.2 Reagents should be selected from the same group of products produced by the same manufacturer. It is strictly forbidden to mix the same reagents from different groups. 5.1.3 Reagents with low chlorine, fluorine and sulfur content should be preferred. And corrosion tests or other methods should be used to prove that their cleaning effectiveness. 5.2 Cleaning agentswww.bzxz.net
Reagents that can be used as cleaning agents are:
Ethyl acetate:
b. Acetone,
c. Isopropyl alcohol;
d. Ethanol.
5.3 Penetrants
The reagents that can be used as penetrants are:
5.3.1 Colored penetrants
Water-washable colored penetrants;
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on July 7, 1994, and implemented on January 1, 1995
b. Post-emulsified colored penetrants
c. Special solvent-removable colored penetrants. 5.3.2 Fluorescent penetrants
a. Water-washable fluorescent penetrants;
b. Post-emulsified fluorescent penetrants
c. Special solvent-removable fluorescent penetrants. 5.3.3 Mixed penetrants
GB/T 15147--94
Mixed penetrants refer to penetrants that can be seen in color and fluorescence under sunlight or ultraviolet light. 5.4 Developer
The following developers can be used: a. dry powder developer, b. wet developer; c. peelable developer.
6 Inspection Procedures
6.1 Inspection site
Exhaust ventilation and fire extinguishing devices should be installed, and fire sources are strictly prohibited. 6.2 Surface Requirements
6.2.1 The inspected surface must be clean, dry and flat. 6.2.2 Requirements for the surface roughness of the inspected part: the surface roughness R of the ground or machined surface is ≤6.3μm, while the R of the cast part is <12.5μm.
6.3 Temperature
During the entire penetrant inspection process, the temperature of the inspected part should be maintained between 5 and 40℃. 6.4 Penetration treatment
6.4.1 The paint penetration treatment can be carried out by diffusing, spraying or brushing according to the number, size, shape and type of penetrant to be inspected, and the surface of the inspected part should be kept completely wet within the specified time. 6.4.2 The residence time shall be at least:
a. 15 minutes for coloring penetration method,
b. 25 minutes for water-washing fluorescent penetration method,
10 minutes for emulsified fluorescent penetration method
6.4.3 For inspection of workpieces with special requirements, the above residence time shall be appropriately extended. 6.5 Removal of excess penetrant
6.5.1 For the removal of water-washable penetrant, it can be cleaned with water not higher than 80℃ and operated by one of the following methods: spraying at a pressure less than 0.3MPa;
wiping with a sponge;
brushing with a brush,
wiping with a lint-free cloth;
immersion.
6.5.2 Removal of post-emulsified penetrant:
a. Use water-based emulsifier for removal. After all the excess penetrant is removed, apply the water-based emulsifier to the surface of the test piece according to one of the operating methods in 6.5.1. The emulsification must be uniform and retained for a sufficient period of time in accordance with the instructions for use. Finally, wash off the emulsion according to the method specified in 6.5.1.
b. Use oil-based emulsifier for removal. One of the methods in 6.5.1 can be used for removal, and the requirements of the instructions for use of the oil-based emulsifier should be followed.
GB/T15147-94
6.5.3 Removal of special solvent-removable penetrant: Use a clean, dry, lint-free soft cloth to wipe or absorb with absorbent paper to remove most of the excess penetrant. The remaining part should be removed with a cloth and absorbent paper with a little detergent. 6.6 Surface Drying Treatment
After the penetrant is removed, dry the surface by one of the following methods: wipe with a clean, dry, lint-free cloth or absorbent paper; blow dry with dry, oil-free, compressed air with a pressure below 0.3MPa; b.
When removing with a cleaning agent, it should be dried naturally or wiped with a cloth or absorbent paper, and heating and drying is not allowed. 6.7
Development Treatment
After the surface of the test piece is dried, it should be immediately covered evenly on the entire surface of the test piece with one of the methods in 6.4.1, and kept for a certain time according to the instructions for the developer. When wet development is used, drying is carried out by natural evaporation. This process can be accelerated by a hair dryer. 6.8 Inspection Process
The operating steps of the penetrant inspection for various situations are shown in the inspection process diagrams of Figures 1 to 4. 6.9 Inspection
6.9.1 Observation of the development trace should be carried out within 5 to 15 minutes after the application of the developer. 6.9.2 During the color penetrant test, in addition to the sodium lamp, the surface of the inspected piece may be illuminated by natural light or other visible light, but the illumination of visible light shall not be less than 5001x.
6.9.3 During the fluorescent penetrant test, observation shall be carried out under the ultraviolet lamp in the dark room, and the eyes shall be allowed to adapt to the dark room environment for more than 5 minutes before observation.
Apply penetrant
Penetration time
Period of imaging agent
Use wet developer
Figure 1 Water-washable penetrant inspection process
Apply penetrant
Sea penetration time
Special solvent cleaning
Natural air
Use dry developer
Use wet developer
Figure 2 Special solvent removal type penetrant inspection process 317
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Sealing time
Apply penetrant
Extreme step washing (water)
Apply water-based emulsifier
Use dry developer
Use wet developer
Figure 3 Water-based emulsifier inspection process
GB/T 15147--94
Apply penetrant
Penetration time
Apply oil-based emulsifier
Months for developer
Use wet product developer
Figure 4 Oil-based emulsifier inspection process
6.9.4 When the development trace appears, the authenticity of the trace must be determined. If the authenticity cannot be determined, it should be re-inspected or verified by other methods.
6.9.5 The defect development trace can be recorded by photography, schematic diagram, etc. as needed, and the defect position should be clearly marked on the inspected piece. 6.10 Cleaning
After the inspection, the residual reagent must be thoroughly removed according to the method in 6.5.1. 7 Records
7.1 Inspection records
7.1.1 The contents of the inspection records shall include the applicant, date, workpiece name, drawing number, material, number or furnace batch number, number of workpieces, number of qualified, number of unqualified, characteristics of displayed defects, operator and inspector. 7.1.2 Inspection records shall be numbered and kept, and the retention period shall be implemented in accordance with the regulations of the relevant units. 7.2 Verification records
The inspection records of the relevant instruments, equipment, and inspection materials involved in this standard shall be numbered and kept for future reference, and the retention period shall be implemented in accordance with the regulations of the relevant units.
8 Personnel
8.1 Personnel engaged in penetration testing must hold a technical qualification certificate for non-destructive testing personnel. 8.2 Personnel at all levels can only engage in technical work that is compatible with their qualifications. 318
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GB/T15147--94
Additional Notes:
This standard was proposed by the National Nuclear Energy Standardization Technical Committee. This standard was drafted by the Fourth Institute of China Nuclear Power Research and Design Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Sun Changcheng, Zhang Lichen, Zhang Kebin, Liu Yifu, and Shen Hong.
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