Some standard content:
GB12350—2000
Referenced standards
Enclosure protection
Leakage current
Insulation resistance and electrical strength
Damp heat test
Durability
Abnormal operation
Mechanical strength
Internal wiring
Components·
Flexible cord connecting power supply and connecting components
Terminals of external wires
Grounding·
Connectors.
Electrical clearance and creepage distance
Heat resistance, flame resistance and leakage resistance
Inspection rules
00000500580500005805
GB12350—2000
This standard is the safety requirements for small power motors. This standard partially adopts the relevant safety requirements for small power motors in the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC335-1:1991 (third edition) "General Safety Requirements for Household and Similar Electrical Appliances". In important technical aspects, this standard has the following differences from GB12350-1990: - Newly added Chapter 7 "Temperature Rise", which is not specified in GB12350-1990, but specified in Chapter 6 "Temperature Rise" in GB5171-1991 "General Technical Conditions for Small Power Motors".
Chapter 10 of this standard adds the leakage current test of the motor, which is not specified in GB12350-1990, but GB4706.1 stipulates that the leakage current test should be carried out after the moisture resistance test. By partially adopting international standards, the safety requirements of small power motors are made consistent with international standards as much as possible, so as to meet the needs of international trade and technical exchanges.
This standard replaces GB12350-1990 from the date of entry into force. This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Small Power Motor Standardization Technical Committee of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Rotating Electrical Machines. The drafting unit of this standard is the Guangzhou Electric Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry. The main drafters of this standard are Shi Junyong and He Xiangji. The first publication date of this standard is June 13, 1990, and the first implementation date is August 1, 1990. This standard is entrusted to the Small Power Motor Standardization Technical Committee of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Rotating Electrical Machines for interpretation. IbZxz.net
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety requirements of small power motors
Safety requirments of small power motors This standard specifies the general safety requirements of small power motors. GB12350—2000
Replaces GB12350—1990
This standard applies to small power motors for household and similar electrical appliances. Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 7, Chapter 9, Chapter 10, Chapter 13 to Chapter 16, Chapter 18 to Chapter 21, Chapter 23 and Chapter 24 of this standard are also applicable to small power motors for industrial and similar purposes.
2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB1971—1980 Motor terminal marking and rotation direction GB/T2900.25—1994 Electrical terminology Rotating motor (neqIEC50 (411)) 5 Electrical terminology Small power motor
GB/T2900.27—1995
GB4706.1—1998 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances Part 1: General requirements GB/T4942.1—1985 Motor housing protection grade (eqvIEC34-5:1981) GB/T5169.6—1985 Defective heater for fire hazard test of electrical and electronic products Contact test method GB/T5169.10—1997
GB/T5169.11—1997
Fire hazard test for electric and electronic productsTest methodGlow-wire test methodGeneral rules (idtIEC695-2-1/0.1994)
Fire hazard test for electric and electronic products
Test methodGlow-wire test and guidance for finished products (idtIEC695-2-1/1:1994)
GB/T5171—1991General technical conditions for small power motors 3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 The terms and definitions of this standard shall comply with the provisions of GB/T2900.25 and GB/T2900.27. 3.2 In addition to the contents specified in 3.1, the definitions of terms used in this standard are as follows: 3.2.1 Creepage distance The shortest distance along the surface of the insulating material between two conductive parts. 3.2.2 Clearance
The shortest straight-line distance between two conductive parts. 3.2.3 Enclosure
Easily accessible surface of the motor, including the surface of the motor's terminal box and other components. But does not include parts that are not easily accessible. 3.2.4 Component
Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on January 3, 2000, implemented on August 1, 2000
GB12350—2000
The "component" in this standard refers to a special accessory for the motor. For example: centrifugal switch, capacitor, etc. 3.2.5 Insulator
A component used to insulate and support the conductor.
3.2.6 The diameter of the motor refers to the diameter measured on the circumscribed circle of the motor stator housing, but does not include the dimensions of the motor's heat dissipation ribs, terminal box and welds. 4 Marking
4.1 Each motor must have a nameplate firmly marked with the rated data and other necessary matters of the motor in a conspicuous position. The items marked on the nameplate should comply with the provisions of GB/T5171. The nameplate for special motors should comply with the provisions of the corresponding product standards.
4.2 The components of the motor should be marked with the type and category of the component, and should have the manufacturer's name or trademark or other similar marks to distinguish it from other components and their manufacturers.
4.3 If there is a terminal dedicated to the neutral line of the power supply, it should be marked with the letter "N" and the grounding terminal should be marked with the symbol "()". These marks should not be placed on screws, removable washers or parts that may be removed for connecting wires. For grounding soft wires, they must be green and yellow two-color insulated wires, and other wires shall not use this color mark. 4.4 The marking of the motor outlet terminal shall comply with the provisions of GB1971 and shall be engraved on the outlet terminal or marked with a label plate or tube. For motors with terminal blocks, the marking shall be engraved on the terminal block at the same time and shall not be replaced by a separate hanging label plate or tube. The marking of the motor outlet terminal for household appliances can be indicated by a color line consistent with the wiring diagram. The lead wires of capacitors, centrifugal switches, etc. on the motor shall have outlet terminal markings.
4.5 All markings on the motor may be printed, engraved, pressed or other equivalent engraving methods. They must be clear, clear, durable, and not easily erased during the entire service life of the motor. Whether it meets the requirements shall be tested and determined in the following way. First, wipe the mark with a wet cotton cloth soaked in water for 15s, and then wipe it with a cotton cloth soaked in gasoline for 15s. The marking of the motor shall remain clear and easy to identify after the above test and all the tests specified in this standard. It cannot be easily removed. The nameplate shall not be easy to move and the curling phenomenon that may cause it to fall off shall not be easy to move. 5 Shell protection
The motor should have good shell protection. Its shell protection should be graded according to the provisions of GB/T4942.1 and should be clearly specified in the product standard.
Whether it meets the requirements should be tested and inspected according to GB/T4942.1. 6 Starting
6.1 The motor should be able to start normally under the following voltage conditions. For motors with starting elements, the starting elements should work reliably and without contact jitter during starting.
a) The motor is started three times at 0.85 times the rated voltage; b) For motors with starting elements, it should be started three more times at 1.06 times the rated voltage. When conducting this test, the motor should be determined to be no-load starting or load starting based on the starting conditions of the motor in actual use, and it should be clearly specified in the product standard. The motor should be in the actual cooling state when it starts, and the motor should reach a stationary state before starting between continuous starts. 6.2 When the motor is started according to the requirements of 6.1, its overload protection device should not operate. Whether it meets the requirements should be checked in 6.1 Check and judge while testing. 2
7 Temperature rise
GB12350—2000
In normal use, the motor should not reach too high a temperature. Whether it meets the requirements, the temperature rise test should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T5171 and the corresponding product standards. 8 Leakage current
8.1 The motor must have good insulation performance, and its leakage current should not be too large during normal operation. The leakage current limit of the motor is specified by various product standards. 8.2 After the motor is tested in Chapter 7, it is operated at 1.06 times the rated voltage, and the operating mode is specified by the product standard. The measurement circuit is shown in Figure 1, that is, the measurement is made between any pole of the power supply and an easily accessible metal part. When measuring the leakage current, for a single-phase motor, the switch K should be switched to a different polarity of the power supply. For a three-phase motor, one of the switches a, b, and c should be opened in turn, and the other two should be closed to measure the maximum leakage current value. When measuring, the motor must be insulated from the ground. a)
1-Easily accessible metal parts on the motor: 2-Motor winding 3-Leakage current tester Figure 1
9 Insulation resistance and electrical strength
The motor should have sufficient insulation resistance and electrical strength, and the requirements should comply with the provisions of GB/T5171. 10 Damp heat test
The motor should be able to withstand the humid conditions that may occur in normal use. Whether it meets the requirements, a damp heat test should be carried out in accordance with GBT5171 to test the leakage current, insulation resistance and electrical strength. The leakage current is tested in accordance with 8.1 and 8.2, and the leakage current limit of the motor is specified by various product standards. 11 Durability
11.1 The structural design of the motor should take into account that in normal use, no electrical or mechanical accidents that damage the motor will occur, the insulation should not be damaged, and the connecting parts should not loosen due to heat, vibration, etc. Whether it meets the requirements, it should be tested and inspected in accordance with 11.2~11.5. 11.2 The motor shall work normally under rated load and 1.1 times rated voltage for the time shown in Table 1, and then work normally under rated load and 0.9 times rated voltage for the time shown in Table 1. For motors of S1 and S6~S8 working systems, they shall work continuously or periodically, but the continuous working time of each working cycle shall not be less than 8h, until the cumulative working time meets the time specified in Table 1. For motors of S3S5 working systems, they shall work periodically according to the nameplate marking or rated working quota, whichever is the most unfavorable, until the cumulative working time meets the time specified in Table 1. GB12350—2000 For motors of S2 working system, they shall work according to the nameplate marking or rated working quota, whichever is the most unfavorable, and stop for a few minutes after the work is finished, and then continue to work until the cumulative working time meets the time specified in Table 1. If the temperature rise of the motor exceeds the rated limit due to periodic work, the stop time shall be appropriately extended, or forced cooling shall be adopted to prevent the motor from overheating. Table 1
Motor type
Motors with a total working time of less than 15 h in a year Other motors
Working time, h
11.3 Except for motors with S2 working system, all other motors should be started 50 times at 1.1 times the rated voltage: and then started 50 times at 0.85 times the rated voltage.
For motors working for a short time, it is only required to start 50 times at 0.85 times the rated voltage. When conducting this test, the motor should be determined as no-load start or load start based on the starting situation of the motor in actual use, and it should be clearly specified in the product standard. The duration of each power-on start of the motor should be at least equal to 10 times the time required to start to the rated speed, but not less than 10s. After each start, there should be a rest time to prevent overheating, which should be at least equal to three times the continuous working time of the power-on start.
11.4 For motors with centrifugal switches or other automatic start switches, they should be started 10 times at 0.9 times the rated voltage. The load conditions and the running and rest time during starting should comply with the provisions of 11.3. 11.5 After the tests specified in 11.211.4, the motor should be able to withstand the tests specified in Chapter 9, but the insulation resistance is allowed to drop to 50% of the specified value at this time; during the test, the motor's connecting parts should not be loose, nor should there be deformation or damage that endangers safety performance. 11.6 For motors that do not require durability tests for the entire machine, this test may not be performed. 12 Abnormal operation
12.1 The design of the motor should avoid, as far as possible, the destruction or weakening of its safety performance due to abnormal or misoperation, thereby causing accidents such as fire and electric shock.
Whether it meets the requirements should be tested and inspected according to 12.2 to 12.4. 12.2 When the motor is used in the following occasions, the motor should be subjected to a stall test: a) The motor stall torque is less than the rated torque; b) The motor is started by hand;
c) The motor is used in remote control or automatic control equipment; d) The motor is used for unattended continuous operation. For capacitor motors, except when there is someone watching during operation, a stall test should be carried out. At this time, the capacitors are short-circuited or open-circuited one by one, and the most unfavorable situation is selected.
The test should be carried out at rated voltage and when the motor is in the actual cooling state, starting from the time the motor is powered on and started, and working according to the specified test working time.
The working time specified in the test is as follows:
a) For motors used in hand-held electrical appliances, manual switches to control power on and off or in electrical equipment with similar working conditions, the test working time is 30s;
b) For motors used in electrical equipment that must be operated and supervised by someone (except for capacitor motor capacitor short circuit or open circuit stall test), the test working time is 5min;
c) For motors used in other occasions, the test working time is the time required for the motor to reach a thermally stable state; d) If the motor is used in electrical equipment with a timer to control the working time, the test working time is the longest time allowed by the timer; However, for motors used in electrical equipment that can be controlled by a timer or not, the test working time specified for the working condition when not controlled by a timer should be followed. At the end of the above-specified test working time or at the moment when the protector is activated, the winding temperature of the motor shall not exceed the limit specified in Table 2, and flashover or molten metal shall not occur during the test. Table 2
Motor type
1) Motors with a test working time of 30s or 5min or a working time controlled by a timer and supervised during use
2) Motors with impedance protection
3) Motors with a protector that takes effect within the first hour 4) Motors with a protector that takes effect after the first hour Class A
Limiting temperature, ℃
12.3 For three-phase motors, one phase is disconnected for testing at rated load and rated voltage. The test working time and winding temperature limit shall comply with the provisions of 12.2.
12.4 After the motor has undergone abnormal operation in 12.2 and 12.3, when it cools to room temperature, it shall be able to withstand the electrical strength test specified in Chapter 9, and the test voltage is 1000V.
12.5 For motors with special requirements for the whole machine, the whole machine standard shall be followed. 13 Mechanical Strength
13.1 The motor should have sufficient mechanical strength and rigidity to avoid fire, electric shock and other safety accidents caused by mechanical deformation, reduction of electrical clearance or creepage distance, loosening or displacement of parts. 13.2 The minimum allowable thickness of the motor housing is as follows. 13.2.1 For unreinforced flat areas, the regulations are: Cast metal thickness ≥ 3.2mm
Forgeable cast iron thickness ≥ 2.4mm
Die-cast metal thickness ≥ 2.0mm
If the surface is curved, ribbed or reinforced by other methods, or its surface shape does have sufficient mechanical strength, the minimum allowable thickness can be reduced to:
Cast metal thickness ≥ 2.4mm
Forgeable cast iron thickness ≥ 1.6mm
Die-cast metal thickness ≥ 1.2mm
13.2.2 For motors with thin steel plate casings, the minimum allowable thickness of the steel plate shell is stipulated as: Uncoated shell thickness ≥ 0.70mm
Plated shell thickness ≥ 0.75mm
13.2.3 For motors with non-ferrous metal shells, the minimum allowable shell thickness is stipulated as 1.0mm. However, for relatively small areas, curved surfaces and surfaces reinforced by other methods, and when tests have proven that a certain material does have sufficient mechanical strength, its thickness is allowed to be less than the specified limits in 13.2.2 and 13.2.3.
13.2.4 For motors with non-metallic housings, the structural design should have sufficient strength and should be heat-resistant, flame-retardant and corrosion-resistant.
13.3 The motor assembly should be firm and reliable to prevent harmful effects from vibration during normal operation. The rotating parts of the motor should be able to withstand the overspeed test specified in GB/T5171 without loosening or harmful deformation.
GB12350—2000
13.4 If the motor has a terminal box for accommodating the power supply wires, the terminal box should be solid and durable, and its installation should be firm, without harmful deformation and looseness.
Whether it meets the requirements should be determined by inspection and the following tests. For motors with frame size H90 or above or motor diameter greater than 180mm, when the motor is installed in any predetermined position, the terminal box should be able to withstand a static load of 110kg on its horizontal surface without being damaged. For motors with frame size H90 or less or motor diameter 180mm or less, when the motor is installed in any predetermined position, the static load that the terminal box should bear on its horizontal surface is calculated as 1.42kg/cm2 on the horizontal surface. This load can be applied by a metal plane with a diameter of 50mm without being damaged. If the terminal box is deflected or deformed after the load test, and the electrical clearance and creepage distance between its box body and any terminal still meet the requirements of Chapter 21, the terminal box is considered to be qualified. 13.5 If the motor is equipped with a lifting ring or similar lifting device for lifting the motor, the safety factor shall be at least 5 based on its strength limit.
14 Structure
14.1 For motors with terminal boxes, the terminal boxes shall be installed in a position that is easy to check during normal use of the motor and shall be firmly installed and not allowed to loosen.
14.2 If the motor has capacitors, switches or similar devices, they shall be firmly installed, not allowed to loosen, and shall be easy to replace. 14.3 When the wire passes through the opening of the motor housing, it must be fixed at the opening with an insulator of good quality or other equivalent materials as specified below. The surface should be smooth and round, without burrs, sharp edges, etc., and should be reliably fixed. a) Ceramic material or plastic pressed material, but not wood, non-hot pressed shellac paint or asphalt insulators alone; b) Vulcanized cardboard or fiber molded insulators treated with moisture-proof treatment, but the thickness should not be less than 1.2mm c) Glass paint tube is used as an insulator, and its thickness should not be less than 0.5mm; d) Metal guard ring with insulation treatment and insulation thickness of not less than 0.8mm. However, it is required that the insulation can fill the gap between the guard ring and the metal, and the insulation is not easy to fall off;
e) If the motor housing is made of wood, porcelain, phenolic plastic or other non-conductive materials, no insulator is required. 14.4 For motors with commutators or collector rings, the brush holder assembly should have such a structure that when the brushes are worn and can no longer work, the brushes, springs and other parts should be kept as follows: a) Avoid making nearby non-conductive metal parts energized; b) Avoid easy access to energized parts.
14.5 The motor should have a certain moisture-proof ability. In the motor insulation structure, such as enameled wire, slot insulation, binding belt (rope), slot wedge, etc., there should be certain moisture-proof measures, and they should be well formed and assembled to ensure that the motor winding has reliable insulation and mechanical properties. 14.6 For capacitor motors, if the capacitor housing is metal, the capacitor should not be connected to easily accessible metal parts, and additional insulation should be used to separate the capacitor from easily accessible metal parts. 14.7 The current-carrying parts of the motor should be good conductors of electricity and should have corrosion resistance. 14.8 The non-metallic functional parts of the motor, such as cooling fans, should have sufficient mechanical strength and resistance to electrical fire and thermal aging deformation.
15 Internal wiring
15.1 The internal wiring of the motor refers to the internal wiring except the winding. They must be firmly fixed and not allowed to be loose. Two or more wires in the same direction should be bundled together; the wires should not be placed on parts with sharp angles and sharp edges, and should be effectively prevented from contacting with moving parts.
Internal wiring must be well insulated
The lead wires used for the internal wiring of the motor must comply with the relevant lead wire standards, and their heat resistance level should not be lower than the insulation level of the motor. 6
GB12350—2000
15.3 The wire connection should be covered with an insulating sleeve that meets the relevant standards and has reliable mechanical fixation to prevent dangerous accidents caused by loosening due to vibration during normal operation of the motor. 15.4 The welded joints should be mechanically fixed to ensure that the wires remain in the proper position of the joints in case of loosening of the solder joints. 15.5 When the insulated wire passes through the metal hole, it must be fixed at the opening with the insulator or insulating sleeve specified in 14.3. 16 Components
16.1 The components used in the motor shall comply with the relevant standards of the component. The rated voltage of the plug and socket used for the motor shall not be lower than the maximum working voltage of the motor, and its rated current shall not be less than 1.25 times the rated current of the motor. However, for motors that work continuously for no more than 3 hours, the rated current value of the selected plug and socket may be less than 1.25 times, but shall not be lower than the rated current value. 16.2 The components in the motor shall be subjected to the tests specified in this standard as part of the motor. 17 Flexible cord connecting the power supply and connecting components
17.1 The flexible cord connecting the power supply and connecting components must comply with the relevant standards of the flexible cord, and its rated voltage shall not be lower than the maximum working voltage of the motor, and its rated current carrying capacity shall not be lower than the rated current value of the motor. 17.2 Unless measures are taken in the final use equipment of the motor to eliminate the possible tensile forces on the flexible cord, or the flexible cord used to connect the components will not be exposed to the motor or the final use equipment, there should be an insulating protective layer and a clamping device at the lead-out point of the flexible cord to eliminate the possible tensile forces on the flexible cord from being transmitted to the internal wiring of the motor. The clamping device used to clamp the flexible cord should be made of insulating materials. If metal materials are used, they must have an insulating lining. Whether it meets the requirements should be checked and judged by the following flexible cord tension test. During the test, the flexible cord is disconnected at the wire clamp, and a weight of the mass specified in Table 3 is hung on the flexible cord for 1 minute. The motor should be placed in any position allowed by the structure so that the clamping device can be subjected to tensile force. After the test, there should be no relative displacement between the clamped part of the flexible cord and the clamping device. Table 3
Flexible cord for connecting power supply
Flexible cord for connecting elements
Mass of heavy objects, kg
17.3 Unless there are protective measures in the final use equipment of the motor, appropriate measures should be taken to prevent the flexible cord from retreating into the motor from the lead-out hole of the motor to avoid dangerous accidents caused by the displacement of the flexible cord. 18 Terminals for external wires
18.1 In addition to the flexible cord, plug or socket for connecting the power supply, for the terminal on the motor equipped with an external power supply wire connected by screws, nuts or similar devices, the screws and nuts for clamping the power supply wire should comply with the relevant standards. They should not be used to fix any other parts, but if the internal wires of the motor will not move when the external power supply wire is connected, they can also be used to clamp the internal wires of the motor. 18.2 The terminal of the motor should be able to connect wires with the cross-sectional area shown in Table 4. Table 4
Rated current of motor, A
3<≤6
16≤25
255 If the motor is equipped with a lifting ring or similar lifting device for lifting the motor, the safety factor shall be at least 5 based on its strength limit.
14 Structure
14.1 For motors with terminal boxes, the terminal boxes shall be installed in a position that is easy to check during normal use of the motor, and shall be firmly installed and not allowed to loosen.
14.2 If the motor has capacitors, switches or similar devices, they shall be firmly installed, not allowed to loosen, and shall be easy to replace. 14.3 When the wire passes through the opening of the motor housing, it must be fixed at the opening with an insulator of good quality or other equivalent material as specified below. Its surface shall be smooth and round, without burrs, sharp edges, etc., and shall be reliably fixed. a) Ceramic material or plastic pressed material, but not wood, non-hot pressed shellac paint or asphalt insulators alone; b) Vulcanized cardboard or moisture-proof fiber molded insulators, but the thickness is not less than 1.2mm c) Glass paint tubes are used as insulators, and their thickness should be not less than 0.5mm; d) Metal guard rings that have been insulated and have an insulation thickness of not less than 0.8mm. However, it is required that the insulation can fill the gap between the guard ring and the metal, and the insulation is not easy to fall off;
e) If the motor housing is made of wood, porcelain, phenolic plastic or other non-conductive materials, no insulator is required. 14.4 For motors with commutators or collector rings, the brush holder assembly should have such a structure that when the brushes are worn and can no longer work, the brushes, springs and other parts should be kept to the following extent: a) Avoid making nearby non-conductive metal parts energized; b) Avoid easy contact with live parts.
14.5 The motor should have a certain moisture-proof ability. In the motor insulation structure, such as enameled wire, slot insulation, binding belt (rope), slot wedge, etc., there should be certain moisture-proof measures, and they should be well formed and assembled to ensure that the motor winding has reliable insulation and mechanical properties. 14.6 For capacitor motors, if the capacitor housing is metal, the capacitor should not be connected to easily accessible metal parts, and additional insulation should be used to separate the capacitor from easily accessible metal parts. 14.7 The current-carrying parts of the motor should be good conductors of electricity and should have corrosion resistance. 14.8 The non-metallic functional parts of the motor, such as cooling fans, should have sufficient mechanical strength and resistance to electrical fire and thermal aging deformation.
15 Internal wiring
15.1 The internal wiring of the motor refers to the internal wiring except the winding. They must be firmly fixed and not allowed to be loose. Two or more wires in the same direction should be bundled together; the wires should not be placed on parts with sharp angles and sharp edges, and should be effectively prevented from contacting with moving parts.
Internal wiring must be well insulated
Lead wires for internal wiring of motors must comply with relevant lead wire standards, and their heat resistance level should not be lower than the insulation level of the motor. 6
GB12350—2000
15.3 The wire connections should be covered with insulating sleeves that comply with relevant standards and have reliable mechanical fixation to prevent dangerous accidents caused by loosening due to vibration during normal operation of the motor. 15.4 Welded joints should be mechanically fixed to ensure that the wires remain in their proper positions in the event that the solder joints become loose. 15.5 When the insulated wire passes through a metal hole, it must be fixed at the opening with an insulator or insulating sleeve as specified in 14.3. 16 Components
16.1 The components used in the motor should comply with the relevant standards for the components. The rated voltage of the plug and socket used for the motor shall not be lower than the maximum working voltage of the motor, and its rated current shall not be less than 1.25 times the rated current of the motor. However, for motors that work continuously for no more than 3 hours, the rated current value of the selected plug and socket may be less than 1.25 times, but shall not be lower than the rated current value. 16.2 The components in the motor shall be subjected to the tests specified in this standard as part of the motor. 17 Flexible cords connecting the power supply and connecting components
17.1 The flexible cords connecting the power supply and connecting components must comply with the relevant standards of the flexible cords, and their rated voltage shall not be lower than the maximum working voltage of the motor, and their rated current carrying capacity shall not be lower than the rated current value of the motor. 17.2 Unless there are measures to eliminate the possible tensile force on the flexible cord in the final use equipment of the motor, or the flexible cord used to connect the components will not be exposed to the motor or the final use equipment, there shall be an insulating protective layer and a clamping device at the lead-out of the flexible cord to eliminate the tensile force that may be on the flexible cord from being transmitted to the internal wiring of the motor. The clamping device used to clamp the flexible cord shall be made of insulating material. If metal material is used, it must have an insulating lining. Whether it meets the requirements shall be checked and judged by the following flexible cord tension test. During the test, the flexible cord is disconnected at the wire clamp and a weight of the mass specified in Table 3 is hung on the flexible cord for 1 min. The motor shall be placed in any position allowed by the structure so that the clamping device can be subjected to tension. After the test, there shall be no relative displacement between the clamped part of the flexible cord and the clamping device. Table 3
Flexible cord connected to power supply
Flexible cord connected to components
Mass of weight, kg
17.3 Unless there are protective measures in the final use equipment of the motor, appropriate measures shall be taken to prevent the flexible cord from retreating into the motor from the lead-out hole of the motor to avoid the displacement of the flexible cord leading to dangerous accidents. 18 Terminals for external wires
18.1 In addition to the flexible cord, plug or socket for connecting the power supply, for the terminal on the motor equipped with external power supply wires using screws, nuts or similar devices, the screws and nuts for clamping the power supply wires should comply with the relevant standards. They should not be used to fix any other parts, but if the internal wires of the motor will not move when the external power supply wires are connected, they can also be used to clamp the internal wires of the motor. 18.2 The terminal of the motor should be able to connect wires with the cross-sectional area shown in Table 4. Table 4
Rated current of the motor, A
3<≤6
16≤25
255 If the motor is equipped with a lifting ring or similar lifting device for lifting the motor, the safety factor shall be at least 5 based on its strength limit.
14 Structure
14.1 For motors with terminal boxes, the terminal boxes shall be installed in a position that is easy to check during normal use of the motor, and shall be firmly installed and not allowed to loosen.
14.2 If the motor has capacitors, switches or similar devices, they shall be firmly installed, not allowed to loosen, and shall be easy to replace. 14.3 When the wire passes through the opening of the motor housing, it must be fixed at the opening with an insulator of good quality or other equivalent material as specified below. Its surface shall be smooth and round, without burrs, sharp edges, etc., and shall be reliably fixed. a) Ceramic material or plastic pressed material, but not wood, non-hot pressed shellac paint or asphalt insulators alone; b) Vulcanized cardboard or moisture-proof fiber molded insulators, but the thickness is not less than 1.2mm c) Glass paint tubes are used as insulators, and their thickness should be not less than 0.5mm; d) Metal guard rings that have been insulated and have an insulation thickness of not less than 0.8mm. However, it is required that the insulation can fill the gap between the guard ring and the metal, and the insulation is not easy to fall off;
e) If the motor housing is made of wood, porcelain, phenolic plastic or other non-conductive materials, no insulator is required. 14.4 For motors with commutators or collector rings, the brush holder assembly should have such a structure that when the brushes are worn and can no longer work, the brushes, springs and other parts should be kept to the following extent: a) Avoid making nearby non-conductive metal parts energized; b) Avoid easy contact with live parts.
14.5 The motor should have a certain moisture-proof ability. In the motor insulation structure, such as enameled wire, slot insulation, binding belt (rope), slot wedge, etc., there should be certain moisture-proof measures, and they should be well formed and assembled to ensure that the motor winding has reliable insulation and mechanical properties. 14.6 For capacitor motors, if the capacitor housing is metal, the capacitor should not be connected to easily accessible metal parts, and additional insulation should be used to separate the capacitor from easily accessible metal parts. 14.7 The current-carrying parts of the motor should be good conductors of electricity and should have corrosion resistance. 14.8 The non-metallic functional parts of the motor, such as cooling fans, should have sufficient mechanical strength and resistance to electrical fire and thermal aging deformation.
15 Internal wiring
15.1 The internal wiring of the motor refers to the internal wiring except the winding. They must be firmly fixed and not allowed to be loose. Two or more wires in the same direction should be bundled together; the wires should not be placed on parts with sharp angles and sharp edges, and should be effectively prevented from contacting with moving parts.
Internal wiring must be well insulated
Lead wires for internal wiring of motors must comply with relevant lead wire standards, and their heat resistance level should not be lower than the insulation level of the motor. 6
GB12350—2000
15.3 The wire connections should be covered with insulating sleeves that comply with relevant standards and have reliable mechanical fixation to prevent dangerous accidents caused by loosening due to vibration during normal operation of the motor. 15.4 Welded joints should be mechanically fixed to ensure that the wires remain in their proper positions in the event that the solder joints become loose. 15.5 When the insulated wire passes through a metal hole, it must be fixed at the opening with an insulator or insulating sleeve as specified in 14.3. 16 Components
16.1 The components used in the motor should comply with the relevant standards for the components. The rated voltage of the plug and socket used for the motor shall not be lower than the maximum working voltage of the motor, and its rated current shall not be less than 1.25 times the rated current of the motor. However, for motors that work continuously for no more than 3 hours, the rated current value of the selected plug and socket may be less than 1.25 times, but shall not be lower than the rated current value. 16.2 The components in the motor shall be subjected to the tests specified in this standard as part of the motor. 17 Flexible cords connecting the power supply and connecting components
17.1 The flexible cords connecting the power supply and connecting components must comply with the relevant standards of the flexible cords, and their rated voltage shall not be lower than the maximum working voltage of the motor, and their rated current carrying capacity shall not be lower than the rated current value of the motor. 17.2 Unless there are measures to eliminate the possible tensile force on the flexible cord in the final use equipment of the motor, or the flexible cord used to connect the components will not be exposed to the motor or the final use equipment, there shall be an insulating protective layer and a clamping device at the lead-out of the flexible cord to eliminate the tensile force that may be on the flexible cord from being transmitted to the internal wiring of the motor. The clamping device used to clamp the flexible cord shall be made of insulating material. If metal material is used, it must have an insulating lining. Whether it meets the requirements shall be checked and judged by the following flexible cord tension test. During the test, the flexible cord is disconnected at the wire clamp and a weight of the mass specified in Table 3 is hung on the flexible cord for 1 min. The motor shall be placed in any position allowed by the structure so that the clamping device can be subjected to tension. After the test, there shall be no relative displacement between the clamped part of the flexible cord and the clamping device. Table 3
Flexible cord connected to power supply
Flexible cord connected to components
Mass of weight, kg
17.3 Unless there are protective measures in the final use equipment of the motor, appropriate measures shall be taken to prevent the flexible cord from retreating into the motor from the lead-out hole of the motor to avoid the displacement of the flexible cord leading to dangerous accidents. 18 Terminals for external wires
18.1 In addition to the flexible cord, plug or socket for connecting the power supply, for the terminal on the motor equipped with external power supply wires using screws, nuts or similar devices, the screws and nuts for clamping the power supply wires should comply with the relevant standards. They should not be used to fix any other parts, but if the internal wires of the motor will not move when the external power supply wires are connected, they can also be used to clamp the internal wires of the motor. 18.2 The terminal of the motor should be able to connect wires with the cross-sectional area shown in Table 4. Table 4
Rated current of the motor, A
3<≤6
16≤25
254 The welded joints shall be mechanically fixed to ensure that the wire remains in the proper position of the joint in case the weld becomes loose. 15.5 When the insulated wire passes through the metal hole, it must be fixed at the opening with the insulator or insulating sleeve specified in 14.3. 16 Components
16.1 The components used in the motor shall comply with the relevant standards of the component. The rated voltage of the plug and socket used for the motor shall not be lower than the maximum working voltage of the motor, and its rated current shall not be less than 1.25 times the rated current of the motor. However, for motors that work continuously for no more than 3h, the rated current value of the selected plug and socket may be less than 1.25 times, but shall not be lower than the rated current value. 16.2 The components in the motor shall be subjected to the tests specified in this standard as part of the motor. 17 Flexible cords connecting the power supply and connecting components
17.1 The flexible cords connecting the power supply and connecting components must comply with the relevant standards of the flexible cords, and their rated voltage shall not be lower than the maximum working voltage of the motor, and their rated current carrying capacity shall not be lower than the rated current value of the motor. 17.2 Unless measures are taken in the final use equipment of the motor to eliminate the possible tensile forces on the flexible cord, or the flexible cord used to connect the components will not be exposed to the motor or the final use equipment, there should be an insulating protective layer and a clamping device at the lead-out point of the flexible cord to eliminate the possible tensile forces on the flexible cord from being transmitted to the internal wiring of the motor. The clamping device used to clamp the flexible cord should be made of insulating materials. If metal materials are used, they must have an insulating lining. Whether it meets the requirements should be checked and judged by the following flexible cord tension test. During the test, the flexible cord is disconnected at the wire clamp, and a weight of the mass specified in Table 3 is hung on the flexible cord for 1 minute. The motor should be placed in any position allowed by the structure so that the clamping device can be subjected to tensile force. After the test, there should be no relative displacement between the clamped part of the flexible cord and the clamping device. Table 3
Flexible cord for connecting power supply
Flexible cord for connecting elements
Mass of heavy objects, kg
17.3 Unless there are protective measures in the final use equipment of the motor, appropriate measures should be taken to prevent the flexible cord from retreating into the motor from the lead-out hole of the motor to avoid dangerous accidents caused by the displacement of the flexible cord. 18 Terminals for external wires
18.1 In addition to the flexible cord, plug or socket for connecting the power supply, for the terminal on the motor equipped with an external power supply wire connected by screws, nuts or similar devices, the screws and nuts for clamping the power supply wire should comply with the relevant standards. They should not be used to fix any other parts, but if the internal wires of the motor will not move when the external power supply wire is connected, they can also be used to clamp the internal wires of the motor. 18.2 The terminal of the motor should be able to connect wires with the cross-sectional area shown in Table 4. Table 4
Rated current of motor, A
3<≤6
16≤25
254 The welded joints shall be mechanically fixed to ensure that the wire remains in the proper position of the joint in case the weld becomes loose. 15.5 When the insulated wire passes through the metal hole, it must be fixed at the opening with the insulator or insulating sleeve specified in 14.3. 16 Components
16.1 The components used in the motor shall comply with the relevant standards of the component. The rated voltage of the plug and socket used for the motor shall not be lower than the maximum working voltage of the motor, and its rated current shall not be less than 1.25 times the rated current of the motor. However, for motors that work continuously for no more than 3h, the rated current value of the selected plug and socket may be less than 1.25 times, but shall not be lower than the rated current value. 16.2 The components in the motor shall be subjected to the tests specified in this standard as part of the motor. 17 Flexible cords connecting the power supply and connecting components
17.1 The flexible cords connecting the power supply and connecting components must comply with the relevant standards of the flexible cords, and their rated voltage shall not be lower than the maximum working voltage of the motor, and their rated current carrying capacity shall not be lower than the rated current value of the motor. 17.2 Unless measures are taken in the final use equipment of the motor to eliminate the possible tensile forces on the flexible cord, or the flexible cord used to connect the components will not be exposed to the motor or the final use equipment, there should be an insulating protective layer and a clamping device at the lead-out point of the flexible cord to eliminate the possible tensile forces on the flexible cord from being transmitted to the internal wiring of the motor. The clamping device used to clamp the flexible cord should be made of insulating materials. If metal materials are used, they must have an insulating lining. Whether it meets the requirements should be checked and judged by the following flexible cord tension test. During the test, the flexible cord is disconnected at the wire clamp, and a weight of the mass specified in Table 3 is hung on the flexible cord for 1 minute. The motor should be placed in any position allowed by the structure so that the clamping device can be subjected to tensile force. After the test, there should be no relative displacement between the clamped part of the flexible cord and the clamping device. Table 3
Flexible cord for connecting power supply
Flexible cord for connecting elements
Mass of heavy objects, kg
17.3 Unless there are protective measures in the final use equipment of the motor, appropriate measures should be taken to prevent the flexible cord from retreating into the motor from the lead-out hole of the motor to avoid dangerous accidents caused by the displacement of the flexible cord. 18 Terminals for external wires
18.1 In addition to the flexible cord, plug or socket for connecting the power supply, for the terminal on the motor equipped with an external power supply wire connected by screws, nuts or similar devices, the screws and nuts for clamping the power supply wire should comply with the relevant standards. They should not be used to fix any other parts, but if the internal wires of the motor will not move when the external power supply wire is connected, they can also be used to clamp the internal wires of the motor. 18.2 The terminal of the motor should be able to connect wires with the cross-sectional area shown in Table 4. Table 4
Rated current of motor, A
3<≤6
16≤25
25
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