This standard is intended to provide a unified concept when citing terms in petroleum products and test methods. This standard is mainly used in various standard documents. GB 4016-1983 Petroleum Product Terminology GB4016-1983 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Petroleum product technical terminology
Petroleum product technical terminology This standard is intended to provide a unified concept when quoting terms in petroleum products and test methods. This standard is mainly used in various standard documents. UDC 665.5: 001.4
GB/T 4016-
（Confirmed in 1991）
This standard is formulated based on the actual situation of my country's petroleum products and corresponding test methods. The relevant entries refer to ISO1998/11974 "Petroleum Industry - Vocabulary Part 1" and ISO1998/2-1976 "Petroleum Industry - Vocabulary - Part 2". This standard is divided into three aspects: products and raw materials, properties and test methods, and other aspects. Attached are Chinese character strokes, Chinese pinyin and English indexes.
1 Products and raw materials
products and raw materials
1-001 Mineral oil
mineral oil
A mixture of various hydrocarbons that occurs naturally or is obtained from the treatment of other mineral raw materials. 1 - 002
petroleum
Complex mixture of hydrocarbons (which may contain non-metallic elements such as sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen) occurring naturally underground.
1 003
1- 004
1— 005
1 - 006
1 - 007
Solvent naphtha
Solvent naphtha
Light petroleum product used as a solvent. Petroleum fuel
petroleum fuel
A general term for various petroleum gases and liquids used as fuel. Reference fuel
Reference fuel
In engine testing of fuels, a fuel with a known octane or cetane number is used as a standard. Primary reference fuel (gasoline) is isooctane, n-heptane and their mixtures used in the gasoline engine test to determine the octane number of commercial gasoline. According to the octane number scale, the octane number of isooctane is 100 and the octane number of n-heptane is 0. Primary reference fuel (diesel) is hexadecane, α-methylnaphthalene (or 15% heptamethylnaphthalene) and their mixtures used in the diesel engine test to determine the cetane number of commercial diesel. According to the cetane number scale, the cetane number of cetane is 100, and the cetane number of α-methylnaphthalene (or 15% heptamethyl naphthalene) is 0. 1008 Secondary reference fuel
Promulgated by the National Bureau of Standards on December 15, 1983
Implemented on November 1, 1984
GB/T 401683
A fuel with a nominal octane number or cetane number that has been calibrated by multiple engine tests (compared with positive standard fuel) in anti-knock test or cetane number test. A suitable conversion table is provided for each batch of this fuel. Since the calibration data of this fuel may vary from batch to batch, the calibration data used must be consistent with the batch number. 1-009 Straight-run product (or virgin product) A product obtained directly from distillation, whose chemical structure has not changed significantly. 1 010
Reformate
Reformate
Liquid product generated in the reforming process.
Alkylate
Alkylate
Liquid product generated in the alkylation process. 1 — 012
1- 013
gasoline (or petrol)
Usually refers to the refined petroleum fraction with a boiling range of 30 to 220°C and may contain appropriate additives. Natural gasoline
natural gasoline (or casing head gasoline) is a low-boiling liquid petroleum product extracted from natural gas. It contains a high content of propane and butane, and stable gasoline can be obtained by treatment such as depropanization.
Unleaded gasoline
unleaded gasoline
Gasoline without lead antiknock agent.
1-015 Leaded gasoline
leaded gasoline
Gasoline containing lead antiknock agent.
Deodorized gasoline
sweet gasoline
Gasoline with very low content of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan and negative reaction in Ph.D. test. 1 - 017
Motor gasoline
Motor gasoline
Gasoline mainly used as fuel for spark-ignition engines (Lang gasoline engines), which may contain additives, especially antiknock agents or inhibitors.
Straight-run gasoline
1 — 018
straight-run gasoline
Gasoline component obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil. 1- 019
Aviation gasoline
Aviation gasoline
Gasoline used as fuel for spark-ignition aviation engines. Secondary processing gasoline
secondary processing gasolineA general term for gasoline components obtained by secondary processing such as thermal cracking, catalytic cracking, hydrocracking and coking. Thermal cracking gasoline
1 021
cracked gasoline
Crude gasoline component obtained by thermal cracking of the heavy fraction of crude oil. 355
1~022Reformed gasoline
reformed gasoline
GB/T 4016- 83
Gasoline component obtained by reforming process, with relatively high content of isoparaffins and aromatics. Catalytic (cracking) gasoline
1—023
catalytic gasoline
Gasoline component obtained by catalytic cracking process. Coker gasoline
coker gasolineWww.bzxZ.net
Gasoline component obtained by deep cracking of heavy residual oil in a coking unit. 1～ 025
Alkylation gasoline
Alkylation gasoline
High-octane gasoline component obtained by the alkylation process. Shale oil
1—026
shale oil
Mineral oil obtained by low-temperature dry distillation of oil shale. 1- 027
Naphtha
naphtha
Light petroleum fraction with a distillation range similar to gasoline. 1 - 028
kerosine (lamp oil)
Former name: lamp kerosene
Petroleum fuel used for lighting or heating. 1-029
Jet fuel
Jet fuel (or Jet propulsion fuel)Petroleum fuel used as an energy source in jet engines and jet propulsion systems. 1-030
1 - 031
1 032
1 - 033
diesel fuel
Petroleum fuel used as an energy source in compression ignition engines (diesel engines). Light diesel
light diesel fuel
Diesel suitable for use as fuel for high-speed diesel engines. Straight-run light diesel fuel
straight-run light diesel fuelLight diesel obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil. Heavy diesel
heavy diesel fuel
Diesel suitable for use as fuel for medium-speed and low-speed diesel engines. 1 - 034
Gas-oil
Former name: gas oil
Generally refers to atmospheric petroleum fractions (AGO) or vacuum petroleum fractions (VGO) with a distillation range between 250 and 500°C. Usually used as a petrochemical raw material. After necessary treatment, it can also be used as fuel for power and heating. Fuel oil
fuel oil
GB/T 4016- 83
Heavy distillate oil, residue or mixture of the two used as fuel to generate heat and power. Lubricant
lubricant
Substance added between two relatively moving surfaces to reduce friction and wear. 1.037
synthetic lubricant
synthetic lubricant
Lubricant made by chemical synthesis. Lubricating oil
lubricating oil
Refined oil mainly used to reduce the friction between moving surfaces. 1~039Viscosity standard oil
Viscosity standard oil
Refined oil used to calibrate viscometer and as a standard for value transfer. 1-040
1 041
Bright stock
Bright stock
High-viscosity lubricating oil obtained by properly refining and dewaxing vacuum residue oil. Base oil
Base oil (or base stock)
Refined oil used to produce lubricants and other products. This base oil can be used alone or mixed with other oils or additives.
1- 042
Engine oil
engine oil
A general term for lubricating oils used to lubricate internal combustion or other types of engines. Internal combustion engine oil
1 - 043
internal combustion engine oilLubricating oil used to lubricate internal combustion engines. Gasoline engine oil
1 - 044
gasoline engine oil
Lubricating oil used to lubricate spark-ignition engines (gasoline engines). 1-045
Diesel engine oil
Diesel engine oil
Lubricating oil used to lubricate various compression-ignition engines (diesel engines). Aviation engine oil
1 -046
aviation engine oil (aeroengine oil)Formerly known as: aviation lubricating oil
A general term for lubricating oils used to lubricate different types of aviation engines. 1- 047
Compressor oil
Compressor oil
Lubricating oil used to lubricate compressors.
1- 048
Steam turbine oil
Steam turbine oil
Formerly known as turbine oil
Lubricating oil with anti-emulsification ability used to lubricate steam turbines. 357
1-049Refrigerator oil
Refrigerator oil
GB/T 4016
Low pour point (condensation point) lubricating oil used to lubricate refrigerators. 1-050
Cylinder oil
Cylinder oil
High viscosity, high flash point lubricating oil used to lubricate cylinders and pistons of piston steam engines. 1-051
Superheated steam cylinder oil
Superheated steam cylinder oilLubricating oil used to lubricate the cylinder and piston of a piston-type steam engine using superheated steam. 1- 052
Saturated steam cylinder oil
Saturated steam cylinder oilLubricating oil used to lubricate the cylinder and piston of a steam engine using saturated steam. 1053Synthetic cylinder oil
Synthetic cylinder oil
A superheated cylinder oil made from synthetic oil and used under high pressure. 1 - 054
Machine oil
Machine oil
Lubricating oil used for low-load machinery at medium temperatures (generally 70-100°C). High-speed machine oil
1 055
high-speed machine oil
International standard name: spindle oil
A low-viscosity lubricating oil suitable for high-speed, low-load machinery and textile machine spindles. 1- 056 Calendering oil
Rolling oil
Light mineral oil, compound oil or dissolved oil emulsion used for rolling metal plates and strips. 1 - 057
Instrument oil
Instrument oil
Oil for lubricating bearings and friction parts of instruments and meters. 1-058
Axle oil
A lubricating oil used to lubricate the axles of railway locomotives and freight cars. Extreme pressure lubricant
1 059
extreme pressure- lubricant
A general term for lubricating oils or greases containing extreme pressure additives. 1 - 060
1 - 061
Gear oil
Gear oil
Lubricating oil used to lubricate gear transmissions. Hypoid gear oil
Hypoid gear oil
Former name: Hyperbolic gear oil
Extreme pressure lubricating oil used to lubricate hypoid gear transmissions. 1-062 Compound oil
Compounded oil
A blended oil made from a mixture of fatty oil and mineral lubricating oil. 358
1-063 Rust preventive oil
GB/T401683
preservative oil (or rust preventive oil) is suitable for temporary application on the surface of metal parts to prevent metal corrosion. 1 -064 Sulfurized oil
sulfurized oil
The product obtained by combining sulfur or a certain sulfide with mineral oil. It has stronger oil film strength and higher load-bearing capacity than pure mineral oil. It is usually used as cutting oil. Used oil
used oil
Oil whose properties have changed during use (regardless of whether it is suitable for its original purpose). 1-066
Insulating oil
insulating oil
has good dielectric properties and is suitable for electrical equipment. Transformer oil
transformer oil
is a low-viscosity oil suitable for cooling and insulating electrical equipment such as transformers. , 1-068
cable oil
cable oil
a general term for refined mineral oil or a mixture of mineral oil and other thickeners (such as soft wax, resin, polymer or asphalt, etc.) used for insulation, impregnation and cooling in cables. 1-069capacitor oil
capacitor oil
a type of oil used for impregnation or moisture isolation in capacitors. 1-070switch oil
switch oil
an insulating oil used to immerse electrical switches in oil. 1-071
hydraulic oil (or fluid)
used as the working medium in hydraulic transmission systems. It can be petroleum-based, water-based or composed of other organic substances. 1— 072
Petroleum-type hydraulic oil
petroleum-type hydraulic oil (or fluid, petroleum)Hydraulic oil with petroleum hydrocarbon as the main component, which may contain other added components. 1-073Conventional hydraulic oil
Conventional hydraulic oil
Its performance is suitable for hydraulic oil of hydraulic system with general requirements. Anti-wear hydraulic oil
1 074
anti-wear hydraulic oil
Its performance is suitable for hydraulic oil of hydraulic system with anti-wear requirements and high pressure. 1 075
Low-temperature hydraulic oil
Low-temperature hydraulic oilIts performance is suitable for hydraulic oil of hydraulic system with anti-wear requirements and low-temperature environment. 1-076Synthetic hydraulic fluid
synthetic hydraulic fluid (or fluid,359
emulsified hydraulic fluid
GB/T 4016
An emulsion prepared by mixing suitable mineral oil with water, emulsifier and certain additives in a certain proportion and used in hydraulic systems.
1- 078
water-based hydraulic fluid
fluid, aqueous
hydraulic fluid mainly composed of water and containing organic matter, and its flame retardancy depends on the water content. 1 - 079
water-glycol hydraulic fluid
fluid, water-glycol
hydraulic fluid mainly composed of water and ethylene glycol. 1 080
1— 082
1- 083
Fluid, phosphate ester
A fire-resistant hydraulic fluid composed of phosphate ester. This hydraulic fluid may contain a small amount of other components. Its fire resistance is determined by the molecular structure of the liquid.
Fluid, phosphate ester base
A hydraulic fluid with phosphate ester as one of the main components. Fire-resistant hydraulic fluid
Fluid, fire resistant
A hydraulic fluid with low flame propagation ability and relatively difficult to ignite. Hydraulic transmission oil (fluid)
Hydraulic transmission oil (fluid)Used as the working medium in hydraulic transmission systems. 1 - 084
Aviation hydraulic oil
Aviation hydraulic oil
A hydraulic oil suitable for transmitting power and lubricating parts in aircraft hydraulic systems. 1085
damping fluid
damping fluid
has a high viscosity index and is suitable for oil (liquid) in hydraulic alkali shock absorbing devices. Brake fluid
brake fluid
a liquid medium used to transmit pressure in automobile hydraulic brake systems. Vacuum pump oil
vacuum pump oil
an oil suitable for lubrication and sealing in rotary vacuum pumps. 1088
diffusion pump oil
its saturated vapor pressure and ultimate pressure are both suitable for use as a diffusion pump working fluid. 1— 089
1 090
vacuum sealing wax
vacuum sealing wax
a petroleum product suitable for semi-permanent sealing in high vacuum systems at different working temperatures. Vacuum sealing grease
Vacuum sealing grease
Grease suitable for sealing pistons and joints in high vacuum systems. 1091
1—092
white oil
GRT 4016- 83
An oil product with almost no color or fluorescence that is deeply refined or chemically synthesized from light lubricating oil. Drawing lubricant
Drawing compound
A lubricant used in the process of metal drawing and forming (such as drawing metal wires, rods, etc.). Cutting oil (fluid)
Cutting oil (fluid)
A mixed lubricant used to lubricate and cool processing tools and processing parts during metal cutting. This lubricant may have emulsification ability or not. 1-094
Soluble oil
soluble oit
An oil containing an emulsifier and capable of forming a stable emulsion or colloidal suspension in water, particularly useful as a coolant and lubricant in metalworking.
Sulfurized cutting oil (fluid)
Sulfurized cutting oil (fluid) A type of cutting oil (fluid) to which sulfurized oil has been added. Tempering oil
1 — 096
tempering oil
A type of high flash point heavy oil capable of maintaining the metal at a predetermined treatment temperature during the tempering operation. Quenching oil
quenching oil
A type of light lubricating oil used to rapidly (controlled) cool metal during the quenching operation. 1- 098
Heat transfer oil
Former name: heat transfer oil
A type of special oil with good thermal stability used for indirect heat transfer. Absorption oil
1-099［
absorption oil
An oil suitable for extracting heavier components from wet gas by absorption. 1 100
1 - 101
Benzene wash oil (benzole absorbing oil)
Benzole wash oil (benzole absorbing oil)An oil used to recover light aromatics from coal gas or coke oven gas. Die lubricating oil (or fluid)
Die lubricating oil (or fluid)An oil or emulsion used on molds in casting, extrusion and die casting processes to lubricate, cool and make the workpiece easy to release.
Grease
Grease
A stable solid or semisolid product consisting of a thickener dispersed in a liquid lubricant. This product may contain additives and fillers intended to improve certain properties. 1-103 Soap grease
soap grease
Grease made with fatty acid soap as thickener. 361
1 - 104
1 - 105
Calcium base grease
calcium base grease
GB/T 4016- 83
Grease made with fatty acid calcium soap as thickener. Sodium base grease
sodium base grease
Grease made with fatty acid sodium soap as thickener. 1—106
Barium base grease
barium base grease
A grease made with barium soap of fatty acid as thickener. 1 - 107
1 108
1 - 109
Lithium base grease
lithium base grease
A grease made with lithium soap of fatty acid as thickener. Aluminum base grease
aluminium base grease
A grease made with aluminum soap of fatty acid as thickener. Calcium sodium base grease
calcium sodium base grease
A grease made with calcium-sodium soap of fatty acid as thickener. 1.-110 Graphite calcium base grease
graphite calcium base grease Calcium-based grease with flake graphite.
Synthetic calcium base grease
synthetic calcium base grease Grease made with synthetic fatty acid calcium soap as thickener. 1 112
Complex calcium base grease
complex calcium base grease
A high dropping point grease with good mechanical stability and colloidal stability, made with low-molecular organic acid calcium complex fatty acid calcium soap as thickener.
Synthetic complex calcium base grease
1 -113
synthetic-complex calcium base grease A high dropping point grease made with low-molecular organic acid and synthetic fatty acid complex calcium soap as thickener. 1114 Non-soap base grease
non - soap base grease
Grease made with thickeners other than soap. 1-115
hydrocarbon base grease
hydrocarbon base grease
Grease made with ceresin or paraffin as thickener. Graphite hydrocarbon base grease
1-- 116
graphite hydrocarbon base grease Hydrocarbon base grease with colloidal graphite added.
1 117
bentonite grease
bentone grease
Grease made with modified bentonite treated with surfactant as thickener. 1 - 118
1— 119
Aviation grease
aviation grease
GB/T 401683
Applicable to the friction points of aviation parts and the grease on ball bearings. Instrument grease
Instrument grease
Applicable to the grease on the friction points of general instruments and aircraft control systems. 1~120Precision instrument grease
Precision instrument grease
Applicable to the grease of precision instrument bearings and friction parts. 1-121
High temperature grease
High temperature grease
Grease suitable for friction parts working under high temperature conditions. Gasoline proof sealing grease
1- 122f
Gasoline proof sealing grease Its components are insoluble in gasoline and is suitable for sealing switches and threaded joints of fuel systems and lubrication systems. Rust-proof grease
Preservative grease
Grease suitable for temporary application on the surface of metal parts to prevent metal from rusting. 1-124
Leather protection grease
Grease used to soften the metal parts of saddles, harnesses, leather parts and protective leather products. 1-125［
Pump grease
Grease suitable for sealing high-pressure cylinders.
1- 126
1—127
1 - 128
Ammunition protection grease
Ammunition protection grease is a grease suitable for applying to the metal surface of ammunition to prevent rust. Artillery shell grease
Artillery shell grease
A grease specifically used for special threads of artillery shells to prevent rust. Gun grease
Gun grease
A grease used to apply to the metal surface of guns to prevent rust. Artillery grease
Artillery grease
A grease used to apply to the surfaces of various parts and devices of heavy weapons to prevent rust. Petroleum grease
1 -130
petrolatum
Trade name: Vaseline
A semi-solid lubricating substance obtained from refined residual oil. 1—131
Capacitor vaseline
Capacitor vaseline
Refined petrolatum used for filling and lubricating capacitors. 363
1 - 133
Pharmaceutical vaseline
GBT4016—83
Refined petrolatum used for preparing ointments and skin protective ointments for medicine. Industrial vaseline
industrial vaseline
Refined petrolatum used for coating general metal objects and parts to prevent rust. Paraffin
1—134
paraffin wax
Made from the deoiling of petroleum fractions, the main component is normal alkanes, and it is a solid product with a clear crystal structure at room temperature. 1 - 135 wax paste
slack wax
wax with a high oil content obtained from the deoiling of petroleum fractions. 1 - 136
1 137
crude paraffin
paraffin scale
paraffin wax obtained from wax paste that has not been completely deoiled. microcrystalline wax
micro - crystalline wax
mainly composed of cyclic hydrocarbons, solid at room temperature, and has a finer crystal structure than paraffin. It is usually obtained from residual oil. It is usually called ozokerite.
Refined white paraffin wax
Refined white paraffin wax
Foreign name: Fully refined paraffin wax (fullyrefinedparaffinwax) is a white paraffin wax with a lower oil content and a higher degree of refinement. 1139
1 - 140
1 141
1 - 142
1 - 143
White paraffin wax
White paraffin wax
Foreign name, Semi-refined paraffin wax (semi-refinedparaffinwax) is a white paraffin wax with a higher oil content than refined white paraffin. Yellow paraffin
yellow paraffin wax
Unbleached paraffin wax.
High melting-point paraffin wax
High melting-point paraffin wax is a refined white wax with a melting point higher than 60℃.
Petroleum asphalt
bitumen
A dark brown or black semisolid or solid product obtained from the treatment of residual oil, composed of hydrocarbons and their derivatives soluble in carbon disulfide.
asphalt
A mixture containing certain minerals, the main component of which is the same as petroleum asphalt. Note: In North America, asphalt and bitumen are often mixed. 1 -- 144
Native asphalt
Native asphalt
Asphalt occurring naturally in the wild.
1 - 145
Road bitumen
road bitumen.
GB/T4016—83
A petroleum asphalt mainly used for paving roads. 1 - 146
1 - 147
1— 148
1 - 149
bitumen for building
A petroleum asphalt mainly used for roofing and waterproofing in construction projects. Rubber asphalt
bitumen for rubber
A petroleum asphalt used as a softener, reinforcement and filler in rubber products. Paint bitumen
bitumen for paint
A petroleum asphalt used as a raw material in the manufacture of paint. Petroleum coke
petroleum coke
A black solid coke mainly obtained by heating and coking petroleum distillation residues. 1 150
petroleum naphthenic acids
Organic acids derived from monocycloalkanes, obtained in the course of petroleum refining. 1 151
petroleum naphthenates
petroleum naphthenates
Alkali and other metal salts of petroleum naphthenic acids. 1-153
sulphonates
Salts of petroleum sulfonic acids.
1 - 154
liquid paraffin
Light normal paraffins separated from kerosene or diesel. Petroleum benzene
petroleum benzene
Benzene separated from petroleum fractions or catalytic reforming oil. 1-156 Petroleum toluene
Petroleum toluene
Toluene obtained by catalytic reforming and separation of petroleum fractions. 1 - 157
1 - 158
1 - 159
Petroleum mixed xylene
Petroleum xylene
A mixture of xylene isomers separated from catalytic reforming oil. Commercial propane
commercial propane
A mixture of hydrocarbons consisting essentially of propane and a small amount of propylene. Commercial butane
commercial butane
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