Operation conditions and technical requirements for enterprises hadling dangerous chemicals business
Some standard content:
GB18265
—2000
All technical contents of this standard are mandatory.
This standard is specially formulated to regulate the circulation order and safety management of hazardous chemicals, safeguard the safety of state property and people's lives, and protect the environment.
This standard sets forth requirements for the quality of employees, operating conditions, storage and transportation conditions, safety management and operating licenses of hazardous chemical companies.
Appendix A of this standard is the appendix of the standard.
This standard is proposed by the State Bureau of Domestic Trade. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the China Hardware, Electrical and Chemical Industry Business Association and is responsible for its interpretation. The drafting units of this standard are: China Hardware, Electrical and Chemical Industry Business Association, Tianjin Yuhua Economic and Trade Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are: Liu Tailai, Jiao Genqiang, Guan Dexing, Dong Yilin, Wang Wencan, and He Youlin. 14
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Operation conditions and technical reguirements forenterprises handling dangerous chemicals business This standard specifies the operation conditions and technical requirements for enterprises handling dangerous chemicals. GB 18265—2000
This standard applies to any enterprise engaged in the trading and distribution of dangerous chemicals within the territory of the People's Republic of China. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB190—1990 Dangerous Goods Packaging Marking
GB12463—1990 General Technical Conditions for Dangerous Goods Transport Packaging GB13690—1992 Classification and Marking of Commonly Used Dangerous Chemicals GB15603-1995 General Rules for Storage of Commonly Used Dangerous Chemicals GB/T17519.1-1998 Chemical Safety Data Sheet Part 1 Content and Item Sequence
GB17914--1999 Technical Conditions for Storage and Maintenance of Inflammable and Explosive Commodities GB17915-1999 Technical Conditions for Storage and Maintenance of Corrosive Commodities GB17916-1999 Technical Conditions for Storage and Maintenance of Toxic Commodities GBJ16-—1987 Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings GA58—1993 List of Highly Toxic Articles
3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 Dangerous Chemicals Dangerous chemicals specified in GB13690 are divided into eight categories: a) explosives; b) compressed gases and liquefied gases; c) flammable liquids; d) flammable solids, self-igniting articles and articles that are flammable when wet; e) oxidants and organic peroxides; f) poisonous articles; g) radioactive articles; h) corrosive articles.
Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on December 5, 2000 and implemented on May 1, 2001
3.2 Hypertoxic Articles Hypertoxic Articles listed in GA58.
3.3 Prohibited materials incinpatibleinaterals GB18265—2000
Chemical materials with conflicting chemical properties or different fire extinguishing methods [3.4 in GB15603—1995]. 3.4 Segregated storage In the same room or area, different materials are separated by a certain distance, and non-prohibited materials are kept in space by passages [3.1 in GB15603—1995].
3.5 Cut-off storage In the same building or area, prohibited materials are separated by partitions or walls [3.2 in GB15603—1995]. 3.6 Detached storage
Storage in a different building or away from all external areas [3.3 in GB15603--1995]. 4 Technical requirements for employees
4.1 The legal representative or manager of a hazardous chemical business enterprise shall undergo professional training from a national authorized department and obtain a certificate of qualification before engaging in business activities.
4.2 Business operators of an enterprise shall undergo professional training from a national authorized department and obtain a certificate of qualification before taking up their posts. 4.3 Personnel of an enterprise operating highly toxic substances shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of 4.1 and 4.2, also undergo special training from the public security department at or above the county level (including the county level) and obtain a certificate of qualification before taking up their posts. 5 Operating conditions
5.1 The business premises of a hazardous chemical business enterprise shall be located in a place with convenient transportation and easy evacuation. 5.2 The buildings of the business premises of a hazardous chemical business enterprise shall comply with the requirements of GBJ16. 5.3 Enterprises engaged in the wholesale business of hazardous chemicals shall have a special hazardous goods warehouse (owned or rented) approved by the public security and fire departments at or above the county level (including the county level). The hazardous chemicals being operated shall not be stored in the business premises. 5.4 Retail business is only allowed to operate hazardous chemicals other than explosives, radioactive substances, and highly toxic substances. 5.4.1 Retail stores should be more than 500m away from busy commercial areas or densely populated areas. 5.4.2 The operating area of retail stores (excluding warehouses) should be no less than 60m2. No living facilities should be set up in the stores. 5.4.3 Only small-packaged dangerous chemicals for civilian use are allowed to be stored in retail stores, and the total storage weight should not exceed 1t. 5.4.4 The placement of dangerous chemicals in retail stores should be reasonable, and prohibited materials should not be mixed. Dangerous chemicals sold in comprehensive shopping malls (including building materials markets) should be stored in special counters. 5.4.5 Warning signs such as "No open flames" should be set up in prominent positions in retail stores. 5.4.6 Effective fire-fighting and emergency safety facilities should be placed in retail stores. 5.4.7 Retail stores should be separated from warehouses (or canopies) where dangerous chemicals are stored by solid walls. The storage volume of a single variety should not exceed 500kg, and the total weight should not exceed 2t.
5.4.8 Retail store stockrooms should be stored in different ways such as isolated storage, partitioned storage or separate storage according to the nature and prohibition of hazardous chemicals.
5.4.9 Retail store stockrooms should be approved by the public security and fire departments. 5.4.10 Hazardous chemical business enterprises should obtain from suppliers and provide users with relevant information on the 16 items specified in the content and general form of SDS in Chapter 5 of GB/T17519.1~~1998. 16
6 Storage and Transportation Conditions
6.1 Warehousing
6.1.1 Location Setting
GB18265—2000
a) Dangerous chemical warehouses are divided into three types according to their use nature and business scale: large warehouses (the total area of warehouses or cargo yards is greater than 9000m2); medium-sized warehouses (the total area of warehouses or cargo yards is between 550m2 and 9000m2); small warehouses (the total area of warehouses or cargo yards is less than 550m2);
b) Large and medium-sized dangerous chemical warehouses should be located in the downwind direction of the local dominant wind direction and downstream of the river, away from urban areas and residential areas;
c) Large and medium-sized dangerous chemical warehouses should be located away from surrounding public buildings and transportation. The distance from trunk lines (highways, railways, waterways), industrial and mining enterprises should be at least 1000m;
d) Large and medium-sized hazardous chemical warehouses should have a storage area and a living area, and there should be a solid wall of more than 2m between the two areas. The distance between the wall and the buildings in the storage area should not be less than 5m, and the fire protection distance requirements between the buildings on both sides of the wall should be met; e) Small warehouses should comply with the provisions of 5.4.7, 5.4.8, and 5.4.9 of this standard; 6.1.2 Building structure
a) The warehouse building of hazardous chemicals shall comply with the requirements of Chapter 4 of GBJ16-1987; b) The building roof of the hazardous chemical warehouse shall adopt wood structure, steel structure or assembled reinforced concrete structure according to the type and hazard level of the hazardous chemicals stored. Brick wall, stone wall, concrete wall and reinforced concrete wall; c) The warehouse door should be an iron door or a wooden door covered with iron sheet, and it should be outward-opening. Install high side windows (windows of warehouses for highly toxic substances should be equipped with iron guardrails);
d) The fire resistance level of warehouses for toxic and corrosive hazardous chemicals shall not be lower than Grade II. The fire resistance level of warehouses for flammable and explosive hazardous chemicals shall not be lower than Grade III. Explosives shall be stored in Grade I light-top fire-resistant buildings, and low and medium flash point liquids, Grade I flammable solids, self-igniting substances, compressed gases and liquefied gases shall be stored in warehouses with Grade I fire-resistant buildings. 6.1.3 Storage Management
a) Dangerous chemicals stored in hazardous chemical warehouses shall comply with the provisions of GB15603, GB17914, GB17915, and GB17916; b) Dangerous chemicals entering the warehouse shall comply with product standards. The receiving custodian shall strictly inspect and accept internal and external signs, packaging, containers, etc. in accordance with the provisions of GB190, and ensure that the accounts, goods, and cards are consistent; c) The stored hazardous chemicals shall be divided, classified, and stored in different warehouses according to their chemical properties, and prohibited materials shall not be mixed. Hazardous chemicals with different fire extinguishing methods cannot be stored in the same warehouse (see Appendix A); d) The stored hazardous chemicals shall maintain the corresponding distance between stacks, walls, and columns. The distance between stacks shall not be less than 0.8m, and the distance between stacks and walls and columns shall not be less than 0.3m. The width of the main passage shall not be less than 1.8m) The custodian of the hazardous chemical warehouse shall undergo pre-job and regular training, hold a certificate to work, conduct two inspections a day, and keep good inspection records. If any problems such as quality deterioration, packaging damage, or leakage are found in the inspection of hazardous chemicals, the owner or relevant departments shall be notified in time and emergency measures shall be taken to solve the problems;
f) Dangerous chemical warehouses shall have full-time or part-time hazardous chemical caretakers responsible for the technical maintenance, management, and monitoring of hazardous chemicals;
g) All types of hazardous chemicals shall be stored at appropriate temperatures according to their properties. 6.2 Transportation
6.2.1 Vehicles for transporting hazardous chemicals shall be dedicated and clearly marked. 6.2.2 During transportation, hazardous chemicals shall be securely packaged. The packaging of all types of hazardous chemicals shall comply with the provisions of GB12463. 6.2.3 When transporting highly toxic substances, a "Highly Toxic Substance Transport Permit" issued by the public security department shall be held. There shall be a dedicated escort to prevent theft or loss.
GB18265--2000
6.2.4 Mutually prohibited materials cannot be transported in the same vehicle or ship. 6.2.5 Inflammable and explosive goods cannot be transported in iron-sided or iron-bottomed vehicles or ships. 6.2.6 Inflammable liquids with a flash point below 28°C should be transported at night when the temperature is above 28°C. 6.2.7 Unrelated personnel are prohibited from boarding vehicles, ships and other means of transport that transport dangerous chemicals. 6.2.8 Vehicles and ships that transport dangerous chemicals should have fire safety facilities. 6.3 Safety Assurance
6.3.1 Safety Facilities
a) Dangerous chemical warehouses should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting facilities and equipment according to the size of the business scale, and should have fire-fighting water source facilities such as fire pools, fire-fighting pipe networks and fire hydrants. Large-scale dangerous goods warehouses should have full-time fire brigades and fire trucks. Fire-fighting equipment should be set up in obvious and easy-to-access locations, and no items or debris should be placed around them. The fire-fighting facilities and equipment in the warehouse should be managed by a dedicated person who is responsible for inspection, maintenance, updating and purchase to ensure that they are intact and effective. It is strictly forbidden to occupy, bury or misappropriate various fire-fighting facilities and equipment; b) Dangerous chemical warehouses should be equipped with lightning protection facilities and tested at least once a year to ensure safety and effectiveness; c) For warehouses that are prone to generate dust, steam and corrosive gases, closed protection measures should be used, and explosion-proof electrical equipment should be used in warehouses with explosion hazards. Warehouses for highly toxic substances should also be equipped with mechanical ventilation and detoxification equipment; d) Dangerous chemical warehouses should be equipped with fire and public security alarm devices. There are communication equipment for external alarm and contact. 6.3.2 Safety Organization
Dangerous chemical business enterprises should have a security organization. Dangerous chemical warehouses should have full-time or voluntary fire and security teams. Whether full-time or voluntary fire and security teams, they should formulate fire-fighting plans and conduct fire drills frequently. 6.3.3 Safety System
a) Dangerous chemical warehouses should have a complete safety management system and a level-by-level safety inspection system, and unsafe hidden dangers found should be rectified in a timely manner;
b) Motor vehicles entering the dangerous chemical storage area should be equipped with fireproof covers. After loading and unloading goods, motor vehicles are not allowed to park or repair in the warehouse area, warehouse, or cargo yard;
c) Cars and tractors are not allowed to enter the warehouses for Class A, B, and C items. Battery vehicles and forklifts entering the warehouses for Class A and B items should be explosion-proof; battery vehicles and forklifts entering the warehouses for Class C items should be equipped with safety devices to prevent sparks from splashing; d) The management of highly toxic items should implement the "five pairs" system, namely: double acceptance, double storage, double delivery, double locks, and double accounts; e) Smoking and using open flames are strictly prohibited in buildings and areas where hazardous chemicals are stored. 6.3.4 Safe operation
a) Personnel loading and unloading toxic substances should have general knowledge of handling toxic substances. Handle with care during operation, do not collide or invert, prevent packaging damage, and prevent goods from spilling.
Operators should wear gloves and corresponding gas masks or masks, and wear protective clothing. Do not eat or drink during operation, and do not wipe your mouth, face, or eyes with your hands. After each operation, wash the face and hands with soap (or special detergent) and rinse the mouth with clean water. Protective equipment should be cleaned in time and stored in a centralized manner. b) Personnel loading and unloading flammable and explosive materials should wear work clothes, gloves, masks and other necessary protective equipment, and handle them gently during operation to prevent friction and impact.
Tools that can produce sparks must not be used in any operation, and the operation site should be away from heat and fire sources. Anti-static work clothes must be worn when loading and unloading flammable liquids. It is prohibited to wear spiked shoes. Large barrels must not roll on the cement floor. Barrels of various oxidants must not roll on the cement floor. c) Personnel loading and unloading corrosive products should wear work clothes, goggles, rubber gloves, rubber aprons and other necessary protective equipment. During operation, they should be handled gently, and it is strictly forbidden to carry them on the back to prevent friction, vibration and impact. Machinery and tools that are contaminated with foreign matter and can produce sparks must not be used, and the operation site must be away from heat and fire sources. 1) See the provisions of 4.1.1 in GBJ161987. 18
GB18265—2000
d) The subpackaging, modification, unpacking (barrel) inspection, etc. of various types of hazardous chemicals should be carried out outside the warehouse. e) When operating various types of hazardous chemicals, enterprises should prepare corresponding emergency medicines and formulate emergency plans in the business stores and warehouses according to the properties of various types of hazardous chemicals. bzxZ.net
7 Waste disposal
7.1 It is prohibited to pile up combustible waste in the storage area of hazardous chemicals. 7.2 The packaging containers of leaking or seeping hazardous chemicals should be quickly moved to a safe area. 7.3 According to the characteristics of hazardous chemicals, waste materials should be treated by chemical or physical methods, and shall not be discarded arbitrarily to prevent water source or environmental pollution. 8 Hazardous Chemicals Business License
8.1 Enterprises engaged in hazardous chemicals business activities must obtain a hazardous chemicals business license. 8.2 Hazardous chemicals business licenses are uniformly produced and issued by departments authorized by the state. 8.3 Hazardous chemical business enterprises shall comply with the requirements of Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7 of this standard before they can apply for a "Hazardous Chemicals Business License". And apply for a business license with the Dangerous Chemicals Business License.1 Safety facilities
a) Dangerous chemical warehouses should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting facilities and equipment according to the size of the business scale, and should have fire-fighting water source facilities such as fire-fighting pools, fire-fighting pipe networks and fire hydrants. Large dangerous goods warehouses should have full-time fire brigades and fire trucks. Fire-fighting equipment should be set up in obvious and easy-to-access locations, and no items or debris should be placed around. The fire-fighting facilities and equipment in the warehouse should be managed by a dedicated person who is responsible for inspection, maintenance, updating and purchase to ensure that they are intact and effective. It is strictly forbidden to occupy, bury and misappropriate various fire-fighting facilities and equipment; b) Dangerous chemical warehouses should be equipped with lightning protection facilities, and they should be tested at least once a year to make them safe and effective; c) For warehouses that are prone to generate dust, steam, and corrosive gases, closed protective measures should be used, and warehouses with explosion hazards should use explosion-proof electrical equipment. Warehouses for highly toxic substances should also be equipped with mechanical ventilation and detoxification equipment; d) Dangerous chemical warehouses should be equipped with fire and public security alarm devices. There are communication equipment for external alarms and contacts. 6.3.2 Safety Organization
Hazardous chemical business enterprises should have a security organization. Hazardous chemical warehouses should have full-time or voluntary fire and security teams. Whether full-time or voluntary fire and security teams, they should formulate fire-fighting plans and conduct fire drills regularly. 6.3.3 Safety System
a) Hazardous chemical warehouses should have a complete safety management system and a level-by-level safety inspection system, and unsafe hidden dangers found should be rectified in a timely manner;
b) Motor vehicles entering the hazardous chemical storage area should be equipped with fireproof covers. After loading and unloading goods, motor vehicles are not allowed to park or repair in the storage area, warehouse, or cargo yard;
c) Cars and tractors are not allowed to enter the warehouses for Class A, B, and C items. Battery vehicles and forklifts entering Class A and Class B warehouses should be explosion-proof; battery vehicles and forklifts entering Class C warehouses should be equipped with safety devices to prevent sparks from splashing; d) The management of highly toxic substances should implement the "five pairs" system, namely: double acceptance, double storage, double delivery, double locks, and double accounts; e) Smoking and open flames are strictly prohibited in buildings and areas where hazardous chemicals are stored. 6.3.4 Safe operation
a) Personnel loading and unloading toxic substances should have general knowledge of handling toxic substances. Handle with care during operation, do not collide or invert, prevent packaging damage, and prevent goods from spilling.
Operators should wear gloves and corresponding gas masks or masks, and wear protective clothing. Do not eat or drink during operation, and do not wipe your mouth, face, or eyes with your hands. After each operation, wash your face and hands with soap (or special detergent) and rinse your mouth with clean water. Protective equipment should be cleaned in time and stored in a centralized manner. b) Personnel loading and unloading flammable and explosive materials should wear work clothes, gloves, masks and other necessary protective equipment, and handle them gently during operation to prevent friction and impact.
Tools that can produce sparks must not be used in any operation, and the operation site should be away from heat and fire sources. Anti-static work clothes must be worn when loading and unloading flammable liquids. It is prohibited to wear spiked shoes. Large barrels must not roll on the cement floor. Barrels of various oxidants must not roll on the cement floor. c) Personnel loading and unloading corrosive materials should wear work clothes, goggles, rubber gloves, rubber aprons and other necessary protective equipment. During operation, they should be handled with care, and it is strictly forbidden to carry them on the back to prevent friction, vibration and impact. Machinery and tools that are contaminated with foreign matter and can produce sparks must not be used, and the operation site must be away from heat and fire sources. 1) See the provisions of 4.1.1 in GBJ161987. 18
GB18265—2000
d) The subpackaging, modification, unpacking (barrel) inspection, etc. of various types of hazardous chemicals should be carried out outside the warehouse. e) When operating various types of hazardous chemicals, enterprises should prepare corresponding emergency medicines and formulate emergency plans in the business stores and warehouses according to the properties of various types of hazardous chemicals.
7 Waste disposal
7.1 It is prohibited to pile up combustible waste in the storage area of hazardous chemicals. 7.2 The packaging containers of leaking or seeping hazardous chemicals should be quickly moved to a safe area. 7.3 According to the characteristics of hazardous chemicals, waste materials should be treated by chemical or physical methods, and shall not be discarded arbitrarily to prevent water source or environmental pollution. 8 Hazardous Chemicals Business License
8.1 Enterprises engaged in hazardous chemicals business activities must obtain a hazardous chemicals business license. 8.2 Hazardous chemicals business licenses are uniformly produced and issued by departments authorized by the state. 8.3 Hazardous chemical business enterprises shall comply with the requirements of Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7 of this standard before they can apply for a "Hazardous Chemicals Business License". And apply for a business license with the Dangerous Chemicals Business License.1 Safety facilities
a) Dangerous chemical warehouses should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting facilities and equipment according to the size of the business scale, and should have fire-fighting water source facilities such as fire-fighting pools, fire-fighting pipe networks and fire hydrants. Large dangerous goods warehouses should have full-time fire brigades and fire trucks. Fire-fighting equipment should be set up in obvious and easy-to-access locations, and no items or debris should be placed around. The fire-fighting facilities and equipment in the warehouse should be managed by a dedicated person who is responsible for inspection, maintenance, updating and purchase to ensure that they are intact and effective. It is strictly forbidden to occupy, bury and misappropriate various fire-fighting facilities and equipment; b) Dangerous chemical warehouses should be equipped with lightning protection facilities, and they should be tested at least once a year to make them safe and effective; c) For warehouses that are prone to generate dust, steam, and corrosive gases, closed protective measures should be used, and warehouses with explosion hazards should use explosion-proof electrical equipment. Warehouses for highly toxic substances should also be equipped with mechanical ventilation and detoxification equipment; d) Dangerous chemical warehouses should be equipped with fire and public security alarm devices. There are communication equipment for external alarms and contacts. 6.3.2 Safety Organization
Hazardous chemical business enterprises should have a security organization. Hazardous chemical warehouses should have full-time or voluntary fire and security teams. Whether full-time or voluntary fire and security teams, they should formulate fire-fighting plans and conduct fire drills regularly. 6.3.3 Safety System
a) Hazardous chemical warehouses should have a complete safety management system and a level-by-level safety inspection system, and unsafe hidden dangers found should be rectified in a timely manner;
b) Motor vehicles entering the hazardous chemical storage area should be equipped with fireproof covers. After loading and unloading goods, motor vehicles are not allowed to park or repair in the storage area, warehouse, or cargo yard;
c) Cars and tractors are not allowed to enter the warehouses for Class A, B, and C items. Battery vehicles and forklifts entering Class A and Class B warehouses should be explosion-proof; battery vehicles and forklifts entering Class C warehouses should be equipped with safety devices to prevent sparks from splashing; d) The management of highly toxic substances should implement the "five pairs" system, namely: double acceptance, double storage, double delivery, double locks, and double accounts; e) Smoking and open flames are strictly prohibited in buildings and areas where hazardous chemicals are stored. 6.3.4 Safe operation
a) Personnel loading and unloading toxic substances should have general knowledge of handling toxic substances. Handle with care during operation, do not collide or invert, prevent packaging damage, and prevent goods from spilling.
Operators should wear gloves and corresponding gas masks or masks, and wear protective clothing. Do not eat or drink during operation, and do not wipe your mouth, face, or eyes with your hands. After each operation, wash your face and hands with soap (or special detergent) and rinse your mouth with clean water. Protective equipment should be cleaned in time and stored in a centralized manner. b) Personnel loading and unloading flammable and explosive materials should wear work clothes, gloves, masks and other necessary protective equipment, and handle them gently during operation to prevent friction and impact.
Tools that can produce sparks must not be used in any operation, and the operation site should be away from heat and fire sources. Anti-static work clothes must be worn when loading and unloading flammable liquids. It is prohibited to wear spiked shoes. Large barrels must not roll on the cement floor. Barrels of various oxidants must not roll on the cement floor. c) Personnel loading and unloading corrosive materials should wear work clothes, goggles, rubber gloves, rubber aprons and other necessary protective equipment. During operation, they should be handled with care, and it is strictly forbidden to carry them on the back to prevent friction, vibration and impact. Machinery and tools that are contaminated with foreign matter and can produce sparks must not be used, and the operation site must be away from heat and fire sources. 1) See the provisions of 4.1.1 in GBJ161987. 18
GB18265—2000
d) The subpackaging, modification, unpacking (barrel) inspection, etc. of various types of hazardous chemicals should be carried out outside the warehouse. e) When operating various types of hazardous chemicals, enterprises should prepare corresponding emergency medicines and formulate emergency plans in the business stores and warehouses according to the properties of various types of hazardous chemicals.
7 Waste disposal
7.1 It is prohibited to pile up combustible waste in the storage area of hazardous chemicals. 7.2 The packaging containers of leaking or seeping hazardous chemicals should be quickly moved to a safe area. 7.3 According to the characteristics of hazardous chemicals, waste materials should be treated by chemical or physical methods, and shall not be discarded arbitrarily to prevent water source or environmental pollution. 8 Hazardous Chemicals Business License
8.1 Enterprises engaged in hazardous chemicals business activities must obtain a hazardous chemicals business license. 8.2 Hazardous chemicals business licenses are uniformly produced and issued by departments authorized by the state. 8.3 Hazardous chemical business enterprises shall comply with the requirements of Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7 of this standard before they can apply for a "Hazardous Chemicals Business License". And apply for a business license with the Dangerous Chemicals Business License.
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