Some standard content:
JCS 65.040.30
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB/T10292-2001
Greenhouse Engineering
Greenhouse Engineering-Termlnology2001-06-22 Issued
China Machinery Industry Federation
2001-10-01 Implementation
JBT102922001
This standard is one of the greenhouse series standards formulated for the first time. This series of standards includes: 1. Greenhouse structure design load
2. Greenhouse ventilation and cooling design specifications
Greenhouse engineering terminology
1. Continuous greenhouse structure
5.
6. Wet curtain cooling device
7. Specification for the design of constant temperature heating system
&. Greenhouse electrical wiring design standard
9. Greenhouse control system design standard
Among the above standards, the first two are national standards, and the rest are industry standards. This standard is a newly established industry standard.
Appendix A of this standard is a suggestive appendix.
This standard is proposed and approved by the National Agricultural Machinery Standardization Technical Committee. The initiators of this standard: Environmental Engineering Equipment Research and Development Center of China Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute, Yangling Water-saving Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd.
The ten drafters of the standard are Wan Xuesui, Zhang Minqiang, Zheng Li, and Yang Zhaowen. The standard was first issued in June 2001.
1 Scope
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Greenhouse Engineering-Termloology This standard specifies the terms and definitions of agricultural greenhouse engineering. This standard applies to agricultural greenhouse engineering. 2-General concept
z1 Facility agriculture: installationgrlculturec90
It is a way of agricultural production using man-made facilities with certain spatial structure and environmental control capabilities. Its purpose is to obtain high-yield, high-quality and balanced agricultural products. Facility agriculture in a broad sense includes facility planting and design breeding. 2.2 Greenhouse greenhouse
It is composed of a main transparent roof and a virtual protective structure, which can fully light, keep warm, resist adverse weather conditions, and effectively create a good environment for agricultural production.
2.3 Solar greenhouse A greenhouse that uses sunlight as its main energy source. It is composed of a light-transmitting front slope, an external heat-insulating rear slope, a rear wall, an insulation and an operating system. It is basically oriented north and south, and extends in two directions. The protective structure has the dual functions of heat preservation and heat replacement. It is suitable for the cold winter and sufficient sunlight to grow vegetables, flowers and fruits in this off-season. 2.d Large plastic greenhouse
A large protective facility that uses plastic film as the main material. The span of a plastic greenhouse is greater than or equal to 4.5m, and the height is greater than or equal to 2.5m. A single arch structure is used. The plastic greenhouse is in the sky It can be greatly increased during the day, but the thermal insulation at night is poor. Plastic greenhouses are used for early super cultivation and winter seedling cultivation. 2.5 Glass greenhouse glasshouge
A greenhouse covered with glass on all windward sides and part or all of the surrounding structures. The corrugated glass room mostly adopts a double-slope single roof or multi-surface structure. It has good light transmittance and long service life, but the structure is heavy, expensive, and not impact-resistant. This type of room is suitable for high-end specialty crop production greenhouses, display exhibition rooms, and scientific research greenhouses. 2.6 Plastic sheet greenhouse plaslitbuaurdgreenhouse A greenhouse with plastic sheets as the light-transmitting micro-cover material. Plastic sheets are made of a variety of materials, mainly polycarbonate, terephthalate, etc. The board types mainly include single-layer corrugated (wafer) boards and multi-layer Layers of hollow boards can be made into double-layer or chess-shaped houses. Plastic sheets have good heat insulation and light-proof properties, are light in weight, impact-resistant, and have a long service life. They are suitable for the cultivation of high-quality special crops and the flower market. 2.7 Single-span greenhouse A single-span greenhouse. Ordinary solar greenhouses and plastic greenhouses are both single-span greenhouses. The difference lies in the enclosure structure. Single-span greenhouses have smaller areas and spaces, poorer environmental control capabilities, and are not suitable for large robots to operate indoors, resulting in low land utilization. China Machinery Industry Federation Approved on June 22, 2001 and implemented on October 1, 2001 Applicable to horticultural production dominated by manual labor JO/T10292-2001 2.8 , connected greenhouse muli-span greenhouse: gutter connected greenhouse has at least two spans, the spans are connected by a large ditch, and the greenhouse has a large area and high space. It is suitable for the organization and management of large-scale mechanized horticultural production. 2.9 Inlelligence Greenhouse uses electronic and computer technology to effectively monitor and regulate the environment for the growth and development of all or part of the crops. 3.1 Frame Grumewurk
The building structure in the greenhouse that supports the roof and bears various loads. 3.2 Post
Hooks that are erected in the greenhouse to support and connect. Made of steel. 3.3 Foundation
The foundation of a building that bears the loads of sinking, uplift, tilting, etc. It is usually made of steel or bricks. 3.4 Gutter
Drainage pipes at the junction of the gutter and the roof. Usually made of cold-rolled zinc-galvanized steel plates. 3.5 Purlin
A long straight member on the roof truss or roofing that supports the roof or roof. Also called a strip. 3.6 Rafrer
A strip structure of material covering the frame or roof surface. 3.7 Frame#ehcqus5
Arched frame structure used to support the roof and cover, subjected to wind, wind and other loads. 3.8 Crossbeamccam
The lower chord of the frame, a long bar parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the sky. 3. Tilted beam
A long bar that supports vertical or horizontal parts obliquely, used to increase the rigidity of the overall structure of the frame. 3.10 Mogh
A candy-shaped object made of hard and light materials (plastic, nylon, plastic, etc.), embedded in the frame, used to fix plastic film, or greenhouse light-transmitting cover.
3. 11th plate 5pring
The spring formed by elastic steel wire, after the material is condensed on the card slot, it is inserted into the interior, and the film can be determined. 4.1. Greenhouse length greenhouselength
The length of the greenhouse. Refers to the distance between the center lines of the two gables. For a solar greenhouse, it usually refers to the distance between the two gables, the width of a greenhouse along the direction perpendicular to the ridge, the distance between the two gables in a single greenhouse, the distance between the center lines of the roof gutter in a double-span greenhouse, the distance between the inner side of the front frame foundation to the inner side of the rear frame, and the product of the number of spans and the span of a connected greenhouse is equal to the total width of the greenhouse. 4.3 The distance between greenhouses is the distance between two greenhouses in sequence. For a solar greenhouse, the distance between greenhouses refers to the distance between the back wall of the front greenhouse and the lighting glass of the rear greenhouse. The distance in the other direction needs to be specially explained: for a connected greenhouse, the distance between greenhouses refers to the net distance between the two gables of the adjacent two greenhouses, and the distance between the side walls is explained separately. 4.4 Greenhouse width area
The area enclosed by the center line of the greenhouse protective structure. For a rectangular greenhouse, the greenhouse width is equal to the product of the greenhouse length and the total width of the greenhouse. 4.5 Ridge height
The distance between the highest point and the indoor ground plane when the greenhouse building is in a closed state. 4.6 Heiglit of sidewall
The distance from the intersection of the greenhouse roof and the sidewall to the indoor ground plane. 4.7 Rear wall height
The distance between the intersection of the rear slope inner surface and the rear inner surface of the greenhouse and the indoor ground plane. 4.& Angle of etevation of Tear slope The angle between the inner surface of the back slope and the horizontal.
4.9 Front roof angle frontropfangle
The angle between the line connecting the intersection of the front edge of the roof and the ground and the ridge point and the ground. 5 Greenhouse functional structuregreenhosefunctinncnnponent5. Ventilation and cooling systemvnntilatinnandcooling5systemEnvironmental regulation technology and facility system adopted to reduce indoor air temperature, adjust indoor air humidity, or obtain the necessary concentration of oxygen
S.1.1 Natural ventilationnatural ventilationTechnical measures to exchange indoor and outdoor air by taking advantage of the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor air and the wind force to create the air pressure difference between indoor and outdoor. This ventilation method basically does not require or consumes very little power energy. It is the basic ventilation method for greenhouses. It is mainly carried out by opening the ceiling, side streets, etc.
5.1.2 Mechanical ventilation: Mechanical ventilation uses the operation of the fan to create a ventilation measure that creates a pressure difference between indoor and outdoor air, including positive pressure ventilation that supplies air to the room and negative pressure ventilation that exhausts air to the outside.
5.1.3 Welpad cooling system uses the principle of evaporative cooling and is a cooling set composed of evaporative wet curtains and fans. The wet curtains are made of porous materials. The most common curtain material is wet corrugated paper. The wet curtain material can provide a large wet surface through the water spray sheet, and when the fan exhausts the negative pressure in the greenhouse, the outdoor air passes through the wet curtain. The partial pressure of water vapor on the surface of the wet curtain is equal to the partial pressure of water vapor in the air, so the water on the surface of the wet curtain is evaporated, absorbing a lot of sensible heat, causing the dry bulb temperature of the air entering the greenhouse to drop. 5.1.4 Spray cooling sprayingconling When high-pressure water flow is sprayed from the nozzles evenly distributed above the wet room, fine particles with a diameter of less than 0.05mm are generated. The evaporation of the mist particles absorbs a large amount of heat, which reduces the temperature of the surrounding air. This cooling method, in order to control the air temperature, usually adopts intermittent operation mode: in order to make the evaporation process more effective, it is often equipped with an exhaust fan. There is also a cooling machine that uses the wave method to atomize water and blows it out with a fan, which can also achieve satisfactory cooling results. 5.1.5 Skylight
Ventilation hole located on the roof or the vertical wall of the height of ten days; 5.1.6 Side window
Wind window located on the side end or gable,
5.1.7 Ventilation rate
Under standard working conditions, the required ventilation flow rate per unit area to remove the excess solar radiation heat and avoid excessive indoor ambient temperature.
5.18 Flowrateperfan The rated flow rate of a fan under rated working conditions. 5.1.9 Total ventilation design flow totalventilutionHlowrale The ventilation flow required for the whole greenhouse calculated, the sum of the single fan disks of each fan should be greater than or equal to the total ventilation design flow pattern. 5.1.10 Film reeler
The film reel is used to roll up or unfold the film to control the structure of the ventilation channel. There are manual and electric types: 5. 1.1 Wet pad package Wet pad package is a material used for evaporative cooling. It is made of special paper with good water absorption and pressed into corrugated board, and then the interlaced layers of salt are made into plate shape, which allows air and water to pass through, and has good anti-corrosion performance. 5.1.12 Wet pad package The shell of wet pad package and wet pad package, which maintains the appearance of wet pad package and bears external force, as well as the water distribution pipeline and water inlet.
5.1.13 Specific surface area
The surface area of wet pad package per cubic meter, that is, the contact area between air and water, in m/m. The air-water contact ratio is not less than 370m/m.
5. 2 Greenhouse heating is a process technology for indoor air, bed soil, floor, nutrition and substrate temperature. s.2.1 Central heating
The heat source is boiler, hot water well or factory waste heat, and water or steam heat medium is used. The heat medium is supplied to the greenhouse through a physical conveyor and a radiator (pipe). Central heating is mostly used in human-type indoor heating. 5.2.2 Hot air heating uses a hot air blower (oil, gas) and a hot air furnace (coal or other solid fuel) as the heat source, and the air from the heat plant is sent to the warm air through a heat exchanger to increase the temperature of the air in the greenhouse in the form of hot air. 5.2.3 Hot bed
A protected cultivation facility that uses artificial methods to increase the ground temperature of the crop cultivation bed. It is often used in seedling cultivation and low-temperature seasons. 5.2.4 Electric hot bed
A facility that uses the electric heating effect to increase the temperature of the cultivation bed and the seedling bed. 5.1.S Heat transfer coefficient JB/T10292-7001
The amount of heat transferred through a unit area of a material when the temperature difference on both sides of a transparent covering material is 1K per unit time. Heat transfer is from the high temperature side to the low temperature side. The heat transfer includes radiation, conduction and convection. 5.2.6 Thermal conductivity heatoonductivity The amount of heat transferred through a unit thickness of a material when the temperature difference on both sides of a transparent covering material is 1K per unit time. 5.2.7 Thermal resistance heat resistance is the main indicator of the thermal insulation performance of a material. It is equal to the quotient of the material thickness divided by the thermal conductivity. 5.2.8 Heat loss conduction heat loss in the greenhouse through the enclosure structure (including walls, doors, windows and roof, etc.), including long wave radiation, conduction and absorption caused by the flow of air.
5.2.9 Permeation heat loss permeation heat loss caused by the exchange of indoor and outdoor air due to the existence of gaps in the greenhouse protective structure. 5.2.10 Ground heat loss heat loss caused by heat transfer to the ground.
5.3.1 Heating floor system
The heating device is placed on the floor and then radiates to the space through the floor. This method is suitable for greenhouses where the planting containers are directly installed on the board.
5.3 Screen system
Nets, curtains, blankets, curtains and rolling pins used for heat preservation, sunshade and insect prevention inside and outside the greenhouse to achieve the purpose of blocking the heat loss, solar radiation and other daylight losses. Including straw, paper, chemical fiber, sun screen, heat preservation and anti-corrosion net, etc. 5.3.1 Sunshade screen
It is a technical measure to block excessive sunlight, reduce solar radiation and lower the temperature of the crop cultivation area. The sunshade net installed on the roof is the external sunshade net, and the sunshade net installed below the roof is the internal sunshade net. Common sunshade net materials include plastic film net, grade aluminum shrinkage sunshade net, etc., which can also be used as heat preservation at night and in cold weather. The net can be unfolded and retracted as needed. 5.3.2 Insulation curtain is a technical measure to reduce excessive indoor load in the greenhouse. Common materials include plastic film, non-woven fabric, etc. The insulation curtain can be unfolded and retracted as needed.
S.3.3 Inseat prouf net
The figure describes the net facilities of the greenhouse. The commonly used mesh size is 20-50 mm, which can be selected according to the type of screen. 3.3.4 Device for screen setch oul and draw back The device used to set and draw back the screen and the screen. The belt type includes guide, tooth and rope traction. 5.3.5 Mat realer
The device used to roll up and unwind the blanket or insulation blanket. 5. 3. Rope below screen The cable of the supporting material above the screen or under the filter net. Commonly used are high-strand multi-strand wire and high-strength polyester wire. 5.3.7 Drawing wire drawiascreenope
Rope used to pull the moisturizing belt or the sun net to open and close it. Commonly used ropes are steel wire ropes and stainless steel ropes. 5.3,8 Pressing wire film JineJB/T1292—2001
Put on the plastic film covering to make it taut to prevent it from moving or rubbing. 5.3.9 Reflective screen screen retecting light Reflective material hung on the back wall of a solar greenhouse to enhance the light intensity in the plant growth area and improve the uniformity of light. Commonly used materials include electroplated film.
5.4 Water-saving irrigation water-saving irrigation method. Including micro-sprinkling, dripping and static irrigation, fertilizers and pesticides that can be dissolved in water can be applied through condensed water. 5.4. Micro-sprinkling Imigation uses a micro-sprinkler to spray water with a certain pressure (0.1-1.3MP) to form small water droplets distributed to the soil or near the plant.
5.4.1 DripIrrlgarion
Low pressure (below 0.1MPa) water flows through the plastic drip tube (belt) and drips from the dripper into the surface soil or matrix near the roots of crops, and moistens the soil or matrix with the help of capillary action for crops to absorb. 5.4.3 Seepage irrigation
Bury a pipe with micropores in the wall underground, and let water flow out from the pipe wall to moisten the soil from bottom to top by the capillary action of soil blocks. Drainage is also called underground irrigation.
5,4. 4 Filter filler
A device to prevent the blockage of drains and pipes in water-saving and high-purity systems. Commonly used drains include sandstone, core, row and combined types. Different types of filters are suitable for different occasions. 5.4.5 Control valve
A device used to control the on-off, direction, sewage discharge and fertilizer application of water flow in the irrigation system. The valves used in temperate zones include solenoid valves, drain valves and fertilizer valves.
Ss Temperature compensation light complement for greenhouse When the natural light in the greenhouse is not enough to meet the growth requirements of plants, the artificial supplementary lighting measures are taken. Greenhouse supplementary lighting includes natural wind radiation supplementary lighting and artificial electric light source supplementary lighting. .5.1 Natural reflected light supplementary light complement with natural reflected light In the daylight temperature case, the inner surface is equipped with a reflector, a reflective plate or a reflective film. This part of light is reflected back to the indoor ground as supplementary lighting! 5.5.2 Artificial illumination electric light complement is a measure to use electric light source as supplementary lighting. It is divided into low-intensity light complement and high-intensity light complement. 5.5.2.1 Low-intensity light complement uses very low-intensity light (only a few tens of lux) to supplement the greenhouse crops. It is mainly used to meet the photoperiod needs of crops, inhibit or promote flower bud differentiation, and adjust the flowering period. 5.5.2.2 High-intensity light complement uses high-intensity light (3000-50000x) to supplement the greenhouse crops. It is mainly used to meet the photosynthesis energy and supplement the natural light. The required light intensity is between the light complement point and the light saturation point. 5.6 Soil culture. Plant culture using pure nutrient solution or nutrient solution combined with substrate (in pure nutrient solution, there is a nutrient solution for anchoring plants). 5.6.1 Liquid nutrient solution JB/T10292—2001. It is a nutrient solution prepared by dissolving various trace elements of conventional materials. It is mainly used to provide various nutrients for the plants to be cultivated. It can also be used for soil, etc. 5.5.2 Liquid feed system A complete set of equipment for supplying nutrient solution to soil for cultivation. It includes header, pipeline and drainage equipment. 5.6.3 Substratum eculure
A method of cultivating crops by placing a certain amount of substrate in a container or a container and applying nutrients to the soil. The substrate is a solid material used to fix crops. It also has the functions of absorbing nutrient solution and improving soil aerobicity. 5.6.4 Hydroponics
A method of cultivating crops by directly placing the roots of crops in a submerged culture tank or hanging them in a cellar and spraying nutrients onto the roots. Hydroponics is also called nutrient transfer culture, and later some people call it spray culture or isoculture. S.6.s.luretrough
Solid-like structure made of biomass or other materials, used to store substrates, or other materials, for storage, 5.6.6 Cultivation bed
In order to facilitate the operation of personnel, the cultivation rack is equipped with a platform. 5. The mobile cullure bed is equipped with a rack, which moves the cultivation bed back and forth, forming an operation channel, thereby improving the utilization rate of the cultivation area. s.? -Carbonized car lsondioxide fenilization increases the carbon dioxide content in the greenhouse and satisfies the need for carbon dioxide for photosynthesis of plants. 5.8 Killing device Mlerilizer
Facilities for killing harmful bacteria in greenhouse, substrate and nutrient solution, insulation curtain
Specific surface area
Glass temperature
Heat transfer loss
Heat transfer coefficient
Single greenhouse
Single fan wind
Thermal conductivity||t t||Electric hotbed
Resistant to strong epidemic prevention and lighting
For lack of ground heat
Carbon dioxide with fertilizer
Reflective curtain
High tide lighting
Mystery device
JET1292—001
Appendix A
(Appendix of reminder)
Back slope angle
Back height increase
Water-saving irrigation
Mechanical ventilation
Installation of central supply
Roller
Roll Membrane device
Control cabinet
Curtain machine
Anti-curtain line
Continuous temperature research
Curtain system
Spray dehumidification
Front roof angle
Forced ventilation
Lychee blanket
Hot air supply
Fixed light source supplementary light
Photothermal greenhouse
Kill business equipment
Osmotic heat simulation
Equipped dirty agriculture
Condensation curtain fan dehumidification system
Wet box components
Plastic sheet temperature control
Plastic cabinet
Solar temperature control
Tianna reverse greenhouse
Ventilation and cooling system
Ventilation rate
Totten line
JB/T10292-2001
Micro-spraying
Thermohumidity bed
Ao room lighting
Greenhouse length
Greenhouse shares
Greenhouse building structure
Greenhouse spacing
Warm Ronger He Shape and size
Greenhouse span
Greenhouse area
Household functional structure
No upper cutting scale
No main data supply system
Le membrane velvet
General concept
Mobile cutting and growing bed
Cultivation capture
Cultivation bed
Sun-proof net
Smart greenhouse
Incandescent reflected light supplementary lightingwwW.bzxz.Net
Natural ventilation
Total ventilation design flow
angle ofelevation of reir slopec
carbon dioxide fertilizationcenter heating
conductivc hcal loss
crossbcam
culturs bed
culture trough
JB/T10252—2001
greenhousefunction component3.7
.5.6.5
device for screen stretch out and draw backdistance betwecn greenbous
drawing screen ropc
drip iigation
electric hot bed
filmreelel
filter
flowrate prer fan
farced ventilation
foundation
framework
front roofaoglc
general cancept
glasshouse
greenhouse
greenhnuse area||tt| |greenhouse genmetry and dimensiongreenhouse heating
greenhouse length
greenhouse span
greenhouse struclute
gutter
guttcr conncctcd grecnhousc
heat conductivity
heat conservatian screzn
hear loss to soil
heat resistance
heattransfcrcacficicnt
hcight of rcar wall
height of side watl
higb iotensity lighl cumplementho flour
hydroponics
insect pruof oet
installation agriculiure
ght cormplement wich artificial itiurminationelectric tight sourcc
[ight complement with natural reflected lightliquid feed system fur soiltess cullurekow inteosily liglu cumplehenlm
mal reeler||tt ||mechanical ventilation
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