This standard specifies the rules for the Chinese translation of German place names. This standard applies to the Chinese translation of German place names. GB/T 17693.3-1999 Guidelines for the Chinese translation of foreign place names German GB/T17693.3-1999 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the rules for the Chinese translation of German place names. This standard applies to the Chinese translation of German place names.

GB/T17693.3—1999
Standardization of the Chinese translation of German place names is an important part of place name standardization. This standard is formulated to achieve the unification and standardization of the Chinese translation of place names and promote the exchange of science and culture at home and abroad. This standard is revised on the basis of the "Rules for the Chinese Translation of German Place Names" formulated by the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the State Administration of Surveying and Mapping. The series of national standards for the "Guidelines for the Chinese Translation of Foreign Place Names" include the following parts: Part 1: English;
Part 2: French;
Part 3: German;
Part 4: Russian;
Part 5: Spanish;
Part 6: Arabic;
This standard is Part 3: German.
Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C of this standard are all appendices to the standard. The original "Rules for the Chinese Translation of German Place Names" will be automatically abolished from the date of implementation of this standard. This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for the Standardization of Geographical Names. This standard was drafted by the Institute of Geographical Names of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and the Institute of Geographical Names of the State Administration of Surveying and Mapping, China Cartographic Publishing House, Xinhua News Agency Reference News Editorial Department, and the General Staff Mapping Bureau participated in the drafting. The main drafters of this standard are: Fan Guiying, Wang Jitong, Li Chun, Zhao Xiaoyang, Xing Weilin, Wang Shuping, and Li Hong. This standard is interpreted by the National Technical Committee for the Standardization of Geographical Names. 388
1 Fanquan
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Trarsformation guidelines of geographicalnarnes from foreign languages ​​into Chinese -Germany
This standard specifies the rules for the translation of German place names into Chinese characters. This standard applies to the translation of German place names into Chinese characters. 2 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
2.1 Geographical names
Proper names given by people to various geographical entities. 2.2Specific terms
Words used to distinguish geographical entities in geographical names. 2.3Generic tems
Words used to distinguish categories of geographical entities in geographical names. 2.4Generic tems used as specific temmsGeneric tems transformed into specific temms.
GB/T 17693.3-1999
2.5Transformation of geographical names from foreign languages ​​into ChineseThe use of Chinese characters to write geographical names in other languages.
3General principles
3.1Proper geographical names are generally transliterated; generic geographical names are generally translated. 3.2Names translated into Chinese characters and geographical names named after common names (see Appendix A) are still in use; in principle, the geographical names derived from them are translated in the same way as the names. 3.3 The translation of place names should adopt the standard place names in maps, place name directories, place name dictionaries, place name annals and other documents published by the government of the country. 3.4 The Chinese characters used in the translation of place names should be based on the Chinese characters selected in Table 1 German-Chinese transliteration table. 4 Details
4.1 Place names
4.1.1 Proper names (including proper names) are generally transliterated. For example: Bad Ems
Offenheim
Waldberg
Translated as "Bad Ems"
Translated as "Offenheim"
Translated as "Waldberg"
4.1.2 Articles and prepositions in proper names are transliterated, but the articles at the beginning of the word are omitted. For example: Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on March 4, 1999 and implemented on September 1, 1999
Auf der Eck
Der Hohe Weg
Unter den Linden
GB/T 17693.3--1999
Translated as "Auf der Eck"
Translated as "Upper Weg Beach"
Translated as "Winterden Linden"
4.1.3 The derived forms -er, -isch or -sch of some inflectional and invariant proper nouns are translated according to the original form of the proper noun. For example: Bayerisch Eisenstein
Brtindelscher Berg
Mecklenburger Bucht
Wildenburgisches Land
"Baien Eisenstein"
"Brindel Mountain"
"Mecklenburg Bay"
"Wildenburg Land (region)"
4.1.4 Prepositional phrases in proper nouns are used to explain the geographical location of the place name. For example: Frankfurt am Main
Kemnath am Buchberg
Rohr in Niederbayern
Sachsen bei Ansbach
translated as "Frankfurt am Main"
translated as "Kemnate at the foot of Buch"
translated as "Rohr in Lower Bavaria"
translated as "Saxony near Ansbach"
4.1.5 For proper nouns consisting of one syllable, add the corresponding common name of the place name or translate it with two Chinese characters. For example: Au
translated as "Au Town"
translated as "Bonn"
translated as "Lahn River"
4.1.6 For the translation of place names named after people, add a dot "," between the parts of the name. For place names consisting of a person's name and a common name, a " is used to connect the proper noun and the common name. " is generally omitted and not translated. For example: Karl-Marx-Stadt
Ludwigshafen
Wilhelm-Pieck-Stadt
Olsenshaven
Translated as "Karl Marx City"
Translated as "Ludwigshafen"
Translated as "William Pieck City"
Translated as "Olsen Port"
4.1.7 Proper names that clearly reflect the characteristics of geographical entities are generally translated in a literal sense. For example: Rheinisches Schiefergebirge
Nord-sud-Karal
4.1.8 The literal translation of place names named after numerals. For example: Drei Schwestern
Neunzehn-Kirchen-Berg
translated as "Rhine Schist Mountains"
translated as "North-South Canal"
translated as "Sandime Mountain"
translated as "Nineteen Churches Mountain"
4.1.9 Adjectives that modify proper nouns (such as those indicating direction, size, new and old, etc.) are translated literally. For example: Oberschoneberg
Nieder-Ramstadt
GroBe Laber
Kleine Laber
Neu-Ulm
Alt Duvenstedt
4.2 Common names of place names (see Appendix B)
Translated as "Upper Schoneberg"
Translated as "Lower Ramstadt"
Translated as "Great Laber"
Translated as "Little Laber"
Translated as "New Ulm"
Translated as "Old Duvenstedt"
4.2.1 Common names of natural geographical entities are translated literally regardless of whether they are written separately or in conjunction with proper names. For example: Diemeltalsperre
Haltener Talsperre
Kap Arkona
Selenter See
Translate "Diemer Reservoir"
Translate "Halten Reservoir"
Translate "Cape Elcona"
Translate "Selent Lake"
4.2.2 The common name of a settlement is transliterated when it is written together with the proper name, and translated when it is written separately from the proper name. For example: 390
Mellrichstadt
Stadt Werben
Titisee- Neustad
GB/T 17693.3--1999
Translated as "Mellrichstadt"
Translated as "Welbenstadt"
Translated as "Titisee Neustadt"
4.2.3 For names of natural geographical entities that have only proper names, the corresponding common names should be added according to the category of the place name when translating into Chinese characters. For example: Brocken
Helgoland
4.3' Rules for the translation of some letters
4.3.1 The consonant combination f is translated into Chinese characters according to the p and f rows of Table 1. For example: Pfieffe
4.3.2 The letter x is translated into Chinese characters according to the k and s rows of Table 1. For example: Lexgaard
translated into "Brocken Mountain"
translated into "Helgoland Island"
translated into "Isar River"
translated into "Pfeiffer"
translated into "Lexgaard"
4.3.3 The letter combination ae is generally translated into Chinese characters according to the # row of Table 1, but in the place names in northwest Germany, it is translated into Chinese characters according to the a row of Table 1. For example: Aegidienburg
Kevelaer
Translated as "Aegidienburg"
Translated as "Kevelaer" (northwest Germany)
4.3.4 The letter combination oe is generally translated according to the Chinese characters in row 18 of the table, but in the place names in northern Germany, it is translated according to the Chinese characters in row 10 of the table. For example: Oestrich
Itzehoe
Translated as "Oestrich"
Translated as "Itzehoe" (northern Germany)
4.3.5 The letter combination ue is generally translated according to the Chinese characters in row lu of the table, but in the place names in southwestern Germany, it is translated according to the Chinese characters in row lu of the table. For example: Uelzen
Bernkastel-Kues
translated as "Yuelzen"
translated as "Bernkastel-Kues" (southwest Germany) 4.3.6 The letter v- is generally translated into Chinese characters according to Table 1f; but when it is between two vowels in the place names of northern Germany, it is translated into Chinese characters according to Table 1v; foreign place names are also translated into Chinese characters according to Table 1v. For example: Valepp
Leverkusen
4.3.7 The letter combination oey is generally translated into Chinese characters according to Table 18. For example: Bad Oeynhausen
4.3.8 The letter combination oi is generally translated into Chinese characters according to Table 1o. For example: Grevenbroich
Troisdorf
Translated as "Falep"
Translated as "Leverkusen" (northern Germany)
Translated as "Wals" (loanword)
Translated as "Bad Oeynhausen"
Translated as "Grevenbroich"
Translated as "Trosdorf"
4.3.9 The letter combination ui is generally translated into Chinese characters according to Table 1 in the place names in northwest Germany. For example: Duisdorf
Gruiten
4.3.10 The letter m is translated as n before b and p. For example: Jembke
Klempau
4.3.11 The translation of the suffix of place names (see Appendix C). 5 German-Chinese transliteration table (see Table 1)
5.1 The pronunciation of the Chinese characters in Table 1 shall be based on the pronunciation of Mandarin. Translate "Disdorf"
Translate "Gruten"
Translate "Yenbuk"
Translate "Kelunbao"
5.2 The writing of Chinese characters in Table 1 shall be based on the simplified Chinese characters announced by the State Language and Writing Committee. 5.3 The Chinese characters at the intersection of the vertical row of consonants and the horizontal row of vowels in Table 1 are the transliterated Chinese characters of the consonant and vowel spelling. When the vowel forms a syllable by itself, 391
GB/T17 693.3-1999
Use the Chinese characters in the vowel zero row in Table 1 to translate; when consonants other than n and ng are pronounced alone, use the Chinese characters in the consonant zero row in Table 1 to translate. 5.4 If the Chinese character translation results in a literal interpretation, the homophone of the syllable should be used for translation. For example, when "东", "南" and "西" appear at the beginning of a place name, use "栋", "楠" and "锡" to translate; when "海" appears at the end of a place name, use "亥" to translate. 5.5 The Chinese characters "雅", "玛", "娜", "莉", "丽", "琳", "妮", "丝", "莎", "蕾", "黛" and so on in Table 1 are used for place names named after female names.
5.6 "弗" in Table 1 is used at the beginning of a translated name; "夫" is used in the middle and end of a translated name. 392
GB/T 17693.3-1999
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(uka upe yua
I Gn u:o uo
m un ak uay u
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()ng
Ackemann
Adenauer
Adolff
Affermann
Bachmann
Badenhausen
Bauermann
Biumer
Baumgarten
Bauuntller
Be cher
Benheim
Benkhoff
Bennholdt
Bernstein
Boegemann
Boeheim
Brandt
Brecht
Brentano
Carsten
Christiana
Conurad
Constantin
Daeuble
Dahlem
Darniel
Diuble
Ackermann
Adenauer
Adolf
Adolf
GB/T 17693.3-1999
Appendix A
(Standard Appendix)
Table of translations of commonly used names in German
Afermann
Bachmann
Badenhausen
Baumann
Bojmer
Baumgarten
Benheim
Benkefuf
Benchert
Bernstein
Bushimer
Bergmann
Benheim
Brandt
Brestacht
Brentano
Carsten
Christiana
Conrad
Constantine
Doibkan||tt| |Dahlem
Daniel
Deubler
Denzel
Dietrich
Eckmann
Eckstein
Effkemann
Einstein
Elisabeth
Engels
Erhard
Eachenbach
Estenfeld
Feuerbach
Findorff
Fischer
-Fraenzel
Fredemarn
Friederich
Fitzer
Gasten
Gehamann
Geller
Genscher
Gertard
Gohrbrandt
Gottlieb
Groffmann
Grosskopf
Gruetz
Gunter
Gainther
Dentzel
Ditsch
Ekman
Eckstein
Efkman||t t||Einstein
Elizabeth
Engels
Ehard
Eschenbach
Estenfeld
Feuerbach
Fendorf
Fischer
Frenzel,
Friedmann
Friedrich
Fritzel
Gasten
German
Gerhard
German
Golbrandt
Gottlieb
Grofmann
Groskopf
Glütz
Haarmeyer
Hannover | | tt | t||Helmut
Hermann
Herzog
Heumann
Hi tler
Jenssen
Joachim
Hallmeier
Hannover
Hartkopf
Hassler
Hoffmann
Hauser
Haustein
Havel
Hebel
Hegel
Hemeier
Heidenheim
Heinz
Helena
Helene
Helmut
Hermann
Herzog
Heumann
Hitler
Joachim
GB/T 17693.3--1999
Table A1 (End)
Johannes
Josefine
Jurgen
Kauffmann||tt| |Ludwig
Muller
Neumann
Ottomann
Reinhold
Richard||tt| t
Schwartzkopff
Schwarzkopf
Ulbricht
Vandenburg
Waldheim
Walter
Wermer
Wolfgang
Wolfram
Ziegler
Johannes
Joseph
Josephine
Jurgen
Kaufmann
Ludwig
Max
Neumann|| tt||Ottoman
Reinhold
Richard
Schmidt
Schwarzkopf
Schwarzkopf
Ulbrich
Vandenberg
Wald
Waldheim
Walter
Walz
Werner
Wolfgang
Wolfram
Werner
Ziegler
Ach(e)
Alp(e)
B ahnhof | ,-en
Flughafen
GB/T 17693.3—1999
Appendix B
(Standard Appendix)
Translation table of common names of German place names
Baths, mineral springs
Railway stations
Monuments
Gebiet
Gebirge
Gegend
Gemeinde
Gipfel
Gletscher
Graben
Halbinsel
Hallig
Hauptstadt
Hochland
Kirche,-n
District, region
Township, town
Bay , Cape
(marsh) Island
Landschaft
Market
Marech
Meerbusen
Meerenge
Mittel
Mundung
Nationalkreis
Naturschutzpark
Ortschaft
Plateaut|| tt||Platte
Provinz
Quelle
Republik
Ruine,-n
Sandbank
Sandwliste, -n
Sea, Lake
Nationality Area
GB/T 17693.3—1999
End of Table B1)
Nature Reserve
Republic
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Station
Stausee
Strand
StraBe
Talspere
Tunnel
Vulkan
Wasser
Wasserfall
Watt,-en
Weiher
Weiler
Wiese,-n
street, road, strait
pond(pond)
word-forming elements
-bauer
-bromn
-bruck
-bruck
-brunn
-feld(er)
-furth
-hofen
-horst
-hutten
Brook
Buchank
GB/T 17693.3--1999
Appendix C
(Standard Appendix)
Translation table of commonly used word-forming elements of German place names
Shech (after a, o, u, au)
Feld
Holtz
Horst
Word-forming elements
-kirch
-kirchen
-lingen
-mtind(e)
-point
-reuth
-nm(n)|| tt||-schaid
-schei(d)t
-schen
-scher
-stadt
-statt
Poynter
Reuter
Scheide
Scheide
Statt
Statt
-stedt
-stein
Word-forming elements
-than(n)
Statt
Stein
GB/T 17693.3-1999
Table C1(end)
Word-forming elements
-weiler
Wald
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